CIE 202 FLUID MECHANICS

TUTORIAL- Fluid Statics

ANSWERS

Q1).

1
 Q2).

Gate hinged at bottom

∑MH = 0
FR = r g hc A =
(998)(9.81)(h)(3)(8)
I xc
=
 y
(9.80ycxA24 xc h) kN
1/12 (3)(8 )3
yR = +h
h (3 )(8 )
5 .33
¿ +h
= h

Define l = distance from the bottom hinge

l = h + 4 – yR = h + 4 – (5.33/h + h)

= 4 – 5.33/h

Equating the moments,

(4) (3500) = (4 – 5.33/h) (9.80)(24)(h)

Solve for h = 16.2 m

Hinged at top. Now define distance l differently

Define l = distance from the top hinge

l = yR – h + 4 = (5.33/h + h) – h + 4
yR yc= h
= 5.33/h + 4
FR FH
Equating the moments,

(4) (3500) = (4 + 5.33/h) (9.80)(24)(h)

Solve for h = 13.5 m

Top hinge will tolerate a smaller fluid height

2
 Q3).

There are two liquids. Oil on top of water. Hence the pressure distribution is not linear from
top to bottom, but has two pieces of linear distributions. We can divide the pressure forces in
three pieces, and get individual values of forces and their moments, as follows.

Pressure distribution in oil, until the oil-water interface:

p = ρoil) (g) (h); Foil = ρ(oil) (g) (1/2)(hoil) (A)

Pressure distribution in water column =p = ρoil + ρg hw, where hw is measured from the
interface of oil and water

Oil: Foil = (0.8) (998) (9.81) (0.5) (1 m x 2 m) = 7.832 kN

Moil about top level = F oil x yoil = 7.832 x 2/3 (hoil) = 7.832 x 2/3 (1) = 5.221 (kN. m)

The force due to water can be decomposed as:

Fw1 = poil * A = (roil) (g) (hoil) (2m x 2m)

= (0.8) (998) (9.81) (1 m) (2 m x 2 m) = 31.328 kN

Mw1 about top level = Fw1 x distance of the centroid of pressure from the top = 31.328 kN x (1
m + 0.5 x 2m)

= 62.656 kN

Fw2 = (ρw) (g) (hw) (2m x 2m) = (998) (9.81)(0.5 x 2)(4) =

= 39.16 kN

Mw2 about the top surface = Fw2 x (hoil + 2/3 x hW) = (39.16) (1 m + 2/3 x 2m) = 91.37 kN.m

The distance to the position of the resulting force is given by equating the moments,

(Foil + Fw1 + Fw2) (yR) = (Moil + Mw1 + Mw2)

(7.832 + 31.328 + 39.16) yR = (5.221 + 62.656 + 91.37)

yR = 159.247 / 78.272 = 2.035 m (below free surface of oil)

Q4).
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Q5).

4
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