Problem 4.

1 An op amp with an open-loop gain of 106 and Vcc = 12 V has an

inverting-input voltage of 20 µ V and a noninverting-input voltage of 10 µ V. What is
its output voltage?

Solution:

υo = A(υp − υn ) = 106 (10 × 10−6 − 20 × 10−6 ) = −10 V.

Since |υo | < Vcc , the op amp is not in saturation.

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