8/17/2019 Analog Electronic Circuit - - Unit 2 - Week 1

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Unit 2 - Week 1
Register for
Certification exam
Assignment 1
(http://nptelonlinecourses.iitm.ac.in/)

The due date for submitting this assignment has passed. Due on 2019-08-14, 23:59 IST.
Course Score: 4/10=40%
outline

How to access
Assignment submitted on 2019-08-14, 19:34 IST
the portal Instructions:
1. The total marks for the assignment is 10. The last 2 questions have 2 mark weightage .
Week 1 2. Please practice assignment 0 before solving assignment 1.
3. Multiple submission allowed.
Introduction to 4. If the cut-in voltage of the diode is not specified in the question, then assume it to be 0.65 V.
Analog Circuits, 5. Solutions will be made available after the deadline for assignment 1 is over.
Introduction to
6. No negative marking.
the Diode (unit?
7. Only 1 answer is correct
unit=5&lesson=6)
1) In the circuit below, is 2.02 volts, and the resistor, R , is of value 0.9 kilo-ohms.
V0 1 point
Diodes,
The diode follows the equation: iD = IS exp(vD /vT ), where IS is 2.4×10 amperes, vT
−16
Introduction to
the Transistor is the thermal voltage, 26 milli-volts at room temperature.
(unit?
unit=5&lesson=7)

MOS device,
Characteristics
(unit?
unit=5&lesson=8)

Quiz :
Assignment 1

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8/17/2019 Analog Electronic Circuit - - Unit 2 - Week 1

(assessment? Find the current iD . Give your answer in milli-amperes. Solve the problem iteratively,
name=69) numerically. Do not use the first order approximation.
Week 2 1.2
1.26
Week 3
1.14
1.08
Yes, the answer is correct.
Score: 1
Feedback:
Let us assume the voltage across the diode is 0.65 volts.
The current through R will then be 1.5222.
For this current, the voltage across the diode is v T log(1.5222/2.4 × 10
−16
) , or 943.2982 milli-volts.
For this voltage drop, we can re-compute the current through R as 1.196335 milli-amperes.
For this current, we can re-compute the voltage across the diode.
Two or three iterations will be sufficient to reach the answer of 1.2 milli-amperes.
Accepted Answers:
1.2

2) 1 point
In the circuit below, V0 is 2.02 volts, and the resistor, R , is of value 0.9 kilo-ohms. Assume a
cut-in voltage of 0.65 volts for the diode.

What is the current iD ? Give your answer in milli-amperes.

1.82
1.37
1.52
1.67
No, the answer is incorrect.
Score: 0
Feedback:
The drop across the diode must be 0.65 volts.
The drop across the resistor must be V0 − 0.65 , or 1.37 volts.
The current through the resistor must be (V0 − 0.65)/R , or 1.5222 milli-amperes.
Accepted Answers:
1.52

3) 1 point

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8/17/2019 Analog Electronic Circuit - - Unit 2 - Week 1

In the circuit below, the diode has a cut-in voltage of 0.7 volts.

VX is 7 volts, R1 and R2 are 0.1 and 2.1 kilo-ohms respectively. What is the current through
R2 ? Give your answer in milli-amperes.

3.48
3.18
2.78
2.48
Yes, the answer is correct.
Score: 1
Feedback:
If the diode is ON, then the drop across the diode is 0.7 volts. Then a KCL at the anode
(negative terminal) of the diode will give:
(VX − 0.7)/R 2 + 0.7/R 1 = ID

where ID is the current through the diode. The above gives ID of -4, a negative current, which
is not possible. Therefore the diode is OFF.

Given that the diode is OFF, the current through R2 is VX /(R1 + R2 ) or 3.181818 milli-
amperes.

Accepted Answers:
3.18

4) Consider a non-ideal diode with the standard diode equation. is 1.7 milli-amperes. 1 point
iD

If vD changes by 2 milli-volt, what is the change in iD ? Give your answer in micro-amperes.

Assume vT = kT /q = 26 milli-volts.

133.37
129.47
130.77
132.07
Yes, the answer is correct.
Score: 1
Feedback:
Splitting up the equation into its operating point and small-signal parts,
diD
i D = ID + i d = ID + | ⋅ vd
dv D VD

This gives:

i d = IS exp(vD /vT )/vT ⋅ vd = ID /vT ⋅ vd

Plugging in values:

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8/17/2019 Analog Electronic Circuit - - Unit 2 - Week 1

i d = 1.7/26 ⋅ 2 ∗ 1000 = 130.769

Accepted Answers:
130.77

5) In the circuit below, and R2 are 4.4 and 1.1 kilo-ohms respectively. The voltage 1 point
R1

VC C is 4.9 volts. The diodes follow the standard diode equation, with IS of 16×10 milli-
−12

amperes, and the thermal voltage vT of 25 milli-volts.

What is the current i1 ? Give your answer in milli-amperes.

3.42
2.97
3.27
3.125
No, the answer is incorrect.
Score: 0
Feedback:
If we assume both diodes are ON, the drops across them would be 0.65 volts each.
The drop across R2 would be VCC − 1.3, or 3.6 volts.
The current through R2 , i2 , would be (VCC − 1.3)/R2 , or 3.27272 milli-amperes.
The current through R1 , i1A , would be 0.65/R1 , or 0.1477272 milli-amperes.
So the current i1 is i2 − i1A , or 3.125 milli-amperes.

Accepted Answers:
3.125

6) In the circuit below the diode operates according to the standard diode equation 1 point
with IS of 5×10 −11
milli-amperes . The thermal voltage, vT is 25 milli-volts. The resistor R is
4.92 kilo-ohms.

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8/17/2019 Analog Electronic Circuit - - Unit 2 - Week 1

A voltage of 1.24 volts is applied to the circuit and the current through the resistor is measured. Now if the
voltage is increased by 10 milli-volt, what will be the increase in the current? Give your answer in micro-
amperes.

1.95
2.05
1.85
2.15
Yes, the answer is correct.
Score: 1
Feedback:
The current through the diode is (1.24-0.65)/4.92, that is 0.12 milli-amperes.

The incremental resistance of the diode is 0.025 / 0.12, or 0.208333 kilo-ohms.

The effective impedance of the circuit is 4.92+0.20833.

If the input voltage is increased by 10 mV, the current will increase by 10/5.1283333 micro-
amperes
The correct answer is: 1.9499
Accepted Answers:
1.95

7) This is a continuation of the earlier question. The circuit is modified as shown below. 2 points

In addition to the input voltage 1.24 volts, a small signal voltage, 10 cos ωt milli-volts is applied
to the input, as shown above. ω is 1001 kilo-radians per second. The capacitor C is 5 nano-
farads.
What is the amplitude of the ripple voltage across the resistor? Give your answer in micro-volts.

6483.81
6783.81
7083.81
7383.81
No, the answer is incorrect.
Score: 0
Feedback:
Think of the diode as a resistor for incremental signals. Use your analysis of the previous
question to build up. The incremental small-signal impedance of the diode is Rd , 0.208333 kilo-
ohms.
For the incremental cosine wave, the transfer function is:
Rd 1
⋅
R+Rd 2 2
√1+ω2 C (R ∥R)
d

This gives the amplitude of the ripple at the output.

The correct answer is 6783.8128
A dA

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8/17/2019 Analog Electronic Circuit - - Unit 2 - Week 1

Accepted Answers:
6783.81

8) 2 points
When light falls on the pn junction in a diode, the diode behaves like a source of power. A model for the
photodiode is shown below. The voltage-current relationship of the diode in the absence of light is:
iD = I S (exp(vD /vT ) − 1), where vT is the thermal voltage, 25 milli-volts.

First prove to yourself that this is a reasonable model.

A load resistor is placed across this photodiode to absorb the power generated ,as shown below.

The strength of the light is such that I 0 is 3.64 milli-amperes. For the diode, I S is 4.9×10−11 milli-
amperes. The resistor is tweaked such that maximum power is absorbed by the resistor. At this resistor
value, the voltage across the resistor and the current through the resistor are vL and iL respectively. If
the open-circuit voltage of the photodiode is denoted as V0 , what is vL /V0 ? Work out your answer as a
percentage.

87.5
86.5
88.5
89.5
No, the answer is incorrect.
Score: 0
Feedback:
When the load is an open circuit, V0 = vT log(I0 /IS + 1) , or, I0 /IS = exp(V0 /vT ) − 1.
The current going into the resistor is iL = I0 − IS (exp(vL /vT ) − 1). So the power absorbed
by the resistor is: P = vL iL = vL (I0 + IS − IS exp(vL /vT )) . For maximum power,
dP /dvL = 0 .

This means: I0 + IS − IS exp(vL /vT ) − IS vL /vT exp(vL /vT ) = 0 .

or, I0 /IS + 1 = exp(vL /vT ) + vL /vT exp(vL /vT ) ,

or, exp(V0 /vT ) = (1 + vL /vT ) exp(vL /vT )

or, V0 /vT = vL /vT + log(1 + vL /vT )

For maximum power in the resistor, vL will be such that the above is true.

Iteratively solving for vL /vT , for the given values of I0 and IS , we obtain:

vL /vT = 21.9 .

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8/17/2019 Analog Electronic Circuit - - Unit 2 - Week 1

The load current, iL , is therefore: I0 − IS (exp(21.9) − 1) .

If we express I0 as IS (exp(25.0311) − 1), then V0 = 25.0311vT .

This will give us: vL /V0 = 21.9/25.0311.

The correct answer is :87.49103
Accepted Answers:
87.5

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