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(Refer to figure 8 .) What is the effect of a temperature decrease and a pressure
altitude increase on the density altitude from 90 °F and 1,250 feet pressure altitude
to 55 °F and 1,750 feet pressure altitude?
A. 1,300-foot decrease.
B. 1,700-foot decrease.
C. 1,700-foot increase.
(Refer to figure 8 .) Determine the pressure altitude at an airport that is 1,386 feet
MSL with an altimeter setting of 29.97.
(Refer to figure 8 .) Determine the pressure altitude with an indicated altitude of
1,380 feet MSL with an altimeter setting of 28.22 at standard temperature.
(Refer to figure 8 .) Determine the pressure altitude at an airport that is 3,563 feet
MSL with an altimeter setting of 29.96.
A. 900-foot increase.
B. 1,100-foot decrease.
C. 1,300-foot increase.
What are the standard temperature and pressure values for sea level?
A. Showery precipitation.
B. Turbulent air.
A. movement of air.
B. pressure differential.
C. heat exchange.
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C. Coriolis force.
B. Good visibility in the lower levels of the atmosphere and poor visibility above
an inversion aloft.
B. warm air being lifted rapidly aloft in the vicinity of mountainous terrain.
C. the movement of colder air under warm air, or the movement of warm air over
cold air.
C. Turbulent air, poor visibility, fog, low stratus type clouds, and showery
precipitation.
Which factor would tend to increase the density altitude at a given airport?
Under what condition is pressure altitude and density altitude the same value?
The wind at 5,000 feet AGL is southwesterly while the surface wind is southerly.
This difference in direction is primarily due to
A. stronger pressure gradient at higher altitudes.
The amount of water vapor which air can hold depends on the
A. dewpoint.
B. air temperature.
C. The temperature of the surrounding air is at or below freezing when small drops
of moisture fall on the collecting surface.
What is the approximate base of the cumulus clouds if the surface air temperature
at 1,000 feet MSL is 70 °F and the dewpoint is 48 °F?
If an unstable air mass is forced upward, what type clouds can be expected?
A. Stratus clouds with little vertical development.
A. Atmospheric pressure.
C. Surface temperature.
A. Stratiform clouds.
B. Unlimited visibility.
C. Cumulus clouds.
B. height range.
C. composition.
A. Cirrus clouds.
B. Nimbostratus clouds.
A. Towering cumulus.
B. Cumulonimbus.
C. Nimbostratus.
One weather phenomenon which will always occur when flying across a front is a
change in the
A. wind direction.
B. type of precipitation.
A. frontolysis.
B. frontogenesis.
C. front.
A. When stable air crosses a mountain barrier where it tends to flow in layers
forming lenticular clouds.
B. In areas of low-level temperature inversion, frontal zones, and clear air
turbulence.
C. Following frontal passage when stratocumulus clouds form indicating
mechanical mixing.
A. 10 knots.
B. 15 knots.
C. 25 knots.
B. stratiform clouds.
C. visible moisture.
In which environment is aircraft structural ice most likely to have the highest
accumulation rate?
B. Freezing drizzle.
C. Freezing rain.
A. Cumulus.
B. Dissipating.
C. Mature.
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A. mature stage.
B. downdraft stage.
C. cumulus stage.
Thunderstorms which generally produce the most intense hazard to aircraft are
B. steady-state thunderstorms.
A. prefrontal system.
B. squall line.
C. dry line.
A. Precipitation static.
B. Wind-shear turbulence.
C. Steady rain.
Upon encountering severe turbulence, which flight condition should the pilot
attempt to maintain?
A. Roll cloud.
B. Continuous updraft.
C. Frequent lightning.
A. Freezing precipitation.
B. Thunderstorms.
Low-level turbulence can occur and icing can become hazardous in which type of
fog?
A. Rain-induced fog.
B. Upslope fog.
C. Steam fog.
A. Static electricity.
B. Lightning.
A. Lightning.
B. Heavy rain.
C. Hail.
Refer to the excerpt from the following METAR report: KTUS 08004KT 4SM HZ
26/04 A2995 RMK RAE36 At approximately what altitude AGL should bases of
convective-type cumuliform clouds be expected?
A. 4,400 feet.
B. 8,800 feet.
C. 17,600 feet.
The wind system associated with a low-pressure area in the Northern Hemisphere
is
What prevents air from flowing directly from high-pressure areas to low-pressure
areas?
A. Coriolis force.
B. Surface friction.
When conditionally unstable air with high-moisture content and very warm surface
temperature is forecast, one can expect what type of weather?
B. -15 °C.
C. +5 °C.
Which conditions are favorable for the formation of a surface based temperature
inversion?
C. Broad areas of cumulus clouds with smooth, level bases at the same altitude.
What are the standard temperature and pressure values for sea level?
GIVEN: Pressure altitude 12,000 ft True air temperature +50 °F From the
conditions given, the approximate density altitude is
A. 11,900 feet.
B. 14,130 feet.
C. 18,150 feet.
Why does the wind have a tendency to flow parallel to the isobars above the
friction level?
A. Coriolis force tends to counterbalance the horizontal pressure gradient.
B. Coriolis force acts perpendicular to a line connecting the highs and lows.
C. Friction of the air with the Earth deflects the air perpendicular to the pressure
gradient.
With regard to windflow patterns shown on surface analysis charts; when the
isobars are
A. close together, the pressure gradient force is slight and wind velocities are
weaker.
B. not close together, the pressure gradient force is greater and wind velocities are
stronger.
C. close together, the pressure gradient force is greater and wind velocities are
stronger.
When flying into a low-pressure area in the Northern Hemisphere, the wind
direction and velocity will be from the
C. Pressure differences.
Which is true regarding actual air temperature and dewpoint temperature spread?
The temperature spread
What is the approximate base of the cumulus clouds if the temperature at 2,000
feet MSL is 10 °C. and the dewpoint is 1 °C?
What determines the structure or type of clouds which will form as a result of air
being forced to ascend?
A. source of lift.
What type weather can one expect from moist, unstable air, and very warm surface
temperatures?
A. Atmospheric pressure.
A. Cirrus clouds.
B. Nimbostratus clouds.
The conditions necessary for the formation of stratiform clouds are a lifting action
and
Which are characteristics of a cold air mass moving over a warm surface?
A. Cumuliform clouds, turbulence, and poor visibility.
Which is true regarding a cold front occlusion? The air ahead of the warm front
A. is colder than the air behind the overtaking cold front.
B. is warmer than the air behind the overtaking cold front.
C. has the same temperature as the air behind the overtaking cold front.
C. It can be present at any level and can exist in both a horizontal and vertical
direction.
Which situation would most likely result in freezing precipitation? Rain falling
from air which has a temperature of
A. 32 °F or less into air having a temperature of more than 32 °F.
The most severe weather conditions, such as destructive winds, heavy hail, and
tornadoes, are generally associated with
B. squall lines.
A. Outside the cloud, shear turbulence can be encountered 50 miles laterally from a
severe storm.
C. Outside the cloud, shear turbulence can be encountered 20 miles laterally from a
severe storm.
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B. The beginning of rain at the Earth's surface indicates the mature stage of the
thunderstorm.
C. The beginning of rain at the Earth's surface indicates the dissipating stage of the
thunderstorm.
A. Base of the clouds near the surface, heavy rain, and hail.
A. Roll cloud.
B. Continuous updraft.
A. cumulus clouds.
B. cumulonimbus clouds.
C. stratocumulus clouds.
A. Hail damage in horizontal flight is minimal due to the vertical movement of hail
in the clouds.
A. Mature.
B. Developing.
C. Dissipating.
Advection fog has drifted over a coastal airport during the day. What may tend to
dissipate or lift this fog into low stratus clouds?
A. Nighttime cooling.
B. Surface radiation.
C. It can appear suddenly during day or night, and it is more persistent than
radiation fog.
B. an air mass moving inland from the coastline during the winter.
C. a warm, moist air mass settling over a cool surface under no-wind conditions.
In what ways do advection fog, radiation fog, and steam fog differ in their
formation or location?
A. Radiation fog is restricted to land areas; advection fog is most common along
coastal areas; steam fog forms over a water surface.
A. nocturnal cooling.
B. adiabatic cooling.
C. evaporation of precipitation.
A. Advection fog.
B. Radiation fog.
C. Precipitation-induced fog.
C. Warmer air covers a larger surface area than the cool air; therefore, the warmer
air is less dense and rises.
Which is generally true when comparing the rate of vertical motion of updrafts
with that of downdrafts associated with thermals?
A. Updrafts and downdrafts move vertically at the same rate.
B. Strong thermals have proportionately increased sink in the air between them.
C. A thermal invariably remains directly above the surface area from which it
developed.
(Refer to figure 24 .) Determine the density altitude. Airport elevation 3,795 ft
OAT 24 °C Altimeter setting 29.70 inches Hg
A. 5,900 feet.
B. 5,700 feet.
C. 4,000 feet.
A. Tropopause.
B. Troposphere.
C. Stratosphere.
B. warm air being lifted rapidly aloft in the vicinity of mountainous terrain.
C. the movement of colder air under warm air or the movement of warm air over
cold air.
A. The Sun.
B. Coriolis.
An altimeter indicates 1,850 feet MSL when set to 30.18. What is the approximate
pressure altitude?
A. 1,590 feet.
B. 1,824 feet.
C. 2,110 feet.
In the Northern Hemisphere, a pilot making a long distance flight from east to west
would most likely find favorable winds associated with high- and low-pressure
systems by flying to the
A. Coriolis force.
B. Pressure differences.
A. virga.
B. sublimation.
C. condensation trails.
A. Snow.
B. Hail.
C. Ice pellets.
At approximately what altitude above the surface would you expect the base of
cumuliform clouds if the surface air temperature is 77 °F and the dewpoint is 53
°F?
B. Atmospheric pressure.
If clouds form as a result of very stable, moist air being forced to ascend a
mountain slope, the clouds will be
Which middle level clouds are characterized by rain, snow, or ice pellets posing a
serious icing problem if temperatures are near or below freezing?
A. Nimbostratus.
B. Altostratus lenticular.
C. Altocumulus castellanus.
A. 1, 3, and 6.
B. 3, 4, and 5.
C. 2, 4, and 5.
What type weather is associated with an advancing warm front that has moist,
unstable air?
Low-level wind shear, which results in a sudden change of wind direction, may
occur
C. when there is a low-level temperature inversion with strong winds above the
inversion.
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Which condition could be expected if a strong temperature inversion exists near the
surface?
The most rapid accumulation of clear ice on an aircraft in flight may occur with
temperatures between 0 °C to -15 °C in
A. cumuliform clouds.
B. stratiform clouds.
A. It is unnecessary for an aircraft to fly through rain or cloud droplets for
structural ice to form.
B. Clear ice is most likely to form on an airplane when flying through stratified
clouds or light drizzle.
C. In order for structural ice to form, the temperature at the point where moisture
strikes the aircraft must be 0 °C (32 °F) or colder.
B. The beginning of rain at the Earth's surface indicates the mature stage of the
thunderstorm.
C. The beginning of rain at the Earth's surface indicates the dissipating stage of the
thunderstorm.
A. Frequent lightning.
B. Continuous updrafts.
Consider the following statements regarding hail as an in-flight hazard and select
those which are correct. 1. There is a correlation between the visual appearance of
thunderstorms and the amount of hail within them. 2 Large hail is most commonly
found in thunderstorms which have strong updrafts and large liquid water content.
3 Hail may be found at any level within a thunderstorm but not in the clear air
outside of the storm cloud. 4 Hail is usually produced during the mature stage of
the thunderstorm's lifespan. 5 Hailstones may be thrown upward and outward from
a storm cloud for several miles. The true statements are:
A. 2, 4, and 5.
B. 1, 2, and 3.
C. 1, 2, 4, and 5.
A. stationary front.
B. High humidity during the early evening, cool cloudless night with light winds,
and favorable topography.
C. It can appear suddenly during day or night, and it is more persistent than
radiation fog.
B. the addition of moisture to a mass of cold air as it moves over a body of water.
C. the ground cooling adjacent air to the dewpoint temperature on clear, calm
nights.
A. calm air.
B. visible moisture.
A. Ground fog.
B. Advection fog.
C. Precipitation-induced fog.
C. Cool air surrounding convective circulation sinks at a greater rate than the
warmer air rises (within the thermal), thus forcing the warmer air upward.
C. Seldom longer than 15 minutes from the time the burst strikes the ground until
dissipation.
A. 2 to 4 minutes.
B. 5 to 10 minutes.
C. 15 minutes.