Blessings To Conquer Sickness 2nd Edition PDF

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SABBA DANAM DHAMMA DANAM JINATI

Diantara semua pemberian,
pemberian Dhamma adalah yang tertinggi.
Judul Asli : BLESSINGS TO CONQUER SICKNESS

Penulis: Ven. Weragoda Sarada Maha Thero
Penerjemah: Fendy Fong
Penyunting: Selamat Rodjali, Kongga Muklis
Design Cover & Layout: Cynthia Saki
Dipublikasikan oleh:
PC MAGABUDHI JAKARTA UTARA

Gedung Serba Guna – Vihara Theravada Buddha Sasana
Jl. Kelapa Nias X Blok PE-2/17, Kelapa Gading Permai
Jakarta Utara 14250 - Indonesia
Email: pc_magabudhi_jakut@yahoo.com
Phone: 0857-2202-7881
Ukuran Buku Jadi: 150 x 210 mm

Kertas Cover: Art Cartoon 230 gr laminating
Kertas Isi: Book Paper 60 gr
Jumlah Halaman: 174 halaman
Cetakan Kedua, Desember 2018
FOR FREE DISTRIBUTION ONLY
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KATA SAMBUTAN
From : Fendy Fong <fendy.fong@gmail.com>

To : wsarada@msn.com
Sent : September 21, 2016 10.55 AM
Subject : Permit to print “Blessings to Conquer Sickness” book
Dear Respected Ven. Weragoda Sarada Maha Thero,

Sukhi hotu!
Let me introduce my self, I am Fendy. On behalf of Mrs. Wenny Lo,

who have met bhante before in 2007 when her husband, Mr. Indra,
get severe brain infection (enchepalitis) in Mount E hospital. After
bhante gave ‘Blessings to Conquer Sickness’ book for us to use it,
and conditioned by Kamma, Mr. Indra had recover from his
illness.
I want to inform that due to increase in demand of your book entitled
‘Blessings to Conquer Sickness’ in Indonesia, and Mrs. Wenny still
have some stock of your books, but now the books is almost depleted.
So, Mrs. Wenny Lo would like to ask for bhante permission to

reproduce the book by her self, to give it freely for those who want the
book in Indonesia.
We would be grateful if venerable can give the permission.

We look forward for your response.
Respectfully with folded palms,

Fendy.
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From : Rev. Weragoda Sarada | SBMC Singapore
<weragodas1941@gmail.com>
To : fendy.fong@gmail.com
Sent : Tuesday, September 27, 2016 8:21 AM
Subject : Re: Permit to print “Blessings to Conquer Sickness” book
Dear Fendy, good morning, thank you very much for your email.
Please send my regards to Mrs Wenny and family. I am very
pleased to hear that Mrs Wenny husband recovered after listening
to my chanting. You can reprint my book Blessings to Conquer
Sickness, without permission. Please send me some copies after
printing. May the blessings of the Buddha be with you always.
With Metta,
Ven Sarada Maha Thero Chief Prelate Singapore.
x
CONTENTS
D AFTAR ISI
Preface / Kata Pengantar

Contents / Daftar Isi
Blessings to Conquer Sickness 1

Berkah untuk Menaklukkan Penyakit 2
7LUDWDQD9DQGDQƗ 6
Paying Homage to the Triple Gem 7
Penghormatan kepada Tiga Permata 8
0DKƗ.DVVDSDWWKHUD%RMMKDৄJD3DULWWD 14
0DKƗ.DVVDSDWWKHUD%RMMKDৄJD 17
Maha Kassapatthera BojjhaŢga 18
0DKƗ0RJJDOOƗQD7KHUD%RMMKDৄJD3DULWWD 26
0DKƗ0RJJDOOƗQD7KHUD%RMMKDৄJD 29
Maha Moggallana Thera BojjhaŢga 30
0DKƗ&XQGDWWKHUD%RMMKDৄJD3DULWWD 37
0DKƗ&XQGDWWKHUD%RMMKDৄJD 39
Maha Cundatthera BojjhaŢga 40
*LULPƗQDQGD6XWWD 48
Discourse to Girimanda Thera 55
Khotbah untuk Girimanda Thera 56
xi
'KDMDJJD3DULWWD 75
The Crest of the Banner 79
Puncak Panji - Panji 80
-LQDSDxMDUD 92
The Buddha’s Mansion 97
Istana Buddha 98
Jaya Paritta 107

The Protective Chant of Victory 109
Paritta Perlindungan tentang 110

Kemenangan
0DKƗ-D\DPDৄJDOD*ƗWKƗ 115
Stanzas of Great Joyous Victory 119
Bait Kemenangan Besar yang 120
Menggembirakan
3XxxƗQXPRGDQƗ 128
Sharing of Merits with Others 131
Berbagi Jasa kepada Makhluk Lain 132
Supplement / Lampiran Tambahan
Bedah buku Blessings to Conquer Sickness 138

oleh Selamat Rodjali
Donator List - Daftar Donatur 156
Tentang Penulis 160
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BLESSINGS
TO CONQUER SICKNESS
T he Maha Kassapattherabojjhanga and the

Maha Moggallanattherabojjhanga are similar. In
each case an elder is ill, and the Buddha visits him and
inquires after his health. He is very ill and the Buddha
speaks to him about the seven bojjhangas or factors
of Enlightenment namely mindfulness, investigation
of the Law, energy, rapture, repose, concentration
and equanimity, which, when practised, will lead to
Nibbana. Having listened to the Buddha the maladies
of the two elders were cured.
In the Mahacundattherabojjhanga the situation is

«ėØÃãʈ )Ø ã¨ è¨ «Ü «¼¼ ùã¼ú Ü ã¨ ãôÊ
previous arahants were. Then Cunda the Great saw the
Buddha. He inquires after the health of the Buddha and
ăÃÜã¨ã¨«ÜóØú«¼¼ʈa¨ è¨ÜÕÊ¹«Ãã¨ãôÊ
previous instances and the elders were cured. Here
in all the three parittas the bojjhangas were known to
both the elders and the Buddha as both the arahants
and the Buddha have realized Nibbana. But there is a
belief the Dhamma cures all ills. The concentration
on the bojjhangas cured the ailments or the inherent
power in the bojjhangas was the cure. As seem these
parittas even the recital of the bojjhangas as the
1
B E R K AH
UNTUK MENAKLUKKAN PENYAKIT
M aha Kassapattherabojjhanga dan Maha

Moggallanattherabojjhanga adalah serupa.
Dalam setiap kasus sesepuh sakit, Sang Buddha
yaitu Perhatian, Penyelidikan terhadap Dhamma,

Energi / Semangat, Kegiuran, Ketenangan, Konsentrasi
Dalam Mahacundattherabojjhanga situasinya
Sang Buddha. Beliau menanyakan kesehatan Sang
maupun oleh Sang Buddha yang mana kedua arahat
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potency to bring about a cure.
The Dhajagga Paritta refers to a war between the

Suras (gods) and the Asuras (titans). The Suras look
up to the banners of the various gods but the Buddha
says that the banners of the Buddha, the Dhamma,
and the Sangha are superior. Hence we are advised to
think of the Buddha, the Dhamma, and the Sangha for
protection. This Sutta set aside the belief in the power
of the devas. The Buddha emphasizes that the highest
refuges are the Buddha, the Dhamma and the Sangha.
This Sutta may have been introduced to look down
upon the old beliefs and to establish the greatness of
the Triple Gem.
3
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menyisihkan kepercayaan pada kekuatan para dewa.
6DQJ%XGGKDPHQHNDQNDQEDKZDSHUOLQGXQJDQWHUWLQJJL
adalah kepada Buddha, Dhamma dan Sangha. Sutta ini
mungkin telah diperkenalkan untuk mengesampingkan
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keagungan Tiga Permata.
4
5
TIRATANA
TIRATANA
VANDAN
VANDAN ƖƖ
Namo Tassa
Namo Bhagavato
Tassa Arahato
Bhagavato Arahato
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6
PAYING HOMAGE
TO THE TRIPLE GEM
Honour to Him, the Blessed One,

the Worthy One,
the Fully Enlightened One.
Such indeed is the Blessed One, exalted, omniscient,

endowed with knowledge and virtues.
Well-gone, knower of the worlds,
A guide incomparable for the training of individuals.
Teacher of gods and men, Enlightened and Holy.
Well-expounded is the Dhamma by the Blessed One,

to be self-realised;
to be but approached to be seen;
capable of being entered upon;
to be attained by the wise, each by himself.
Of good conduct is the Order of the Disciples of

the Blessed One, of upright conduct is the Order of
Disciples of the Blessed One, of wise conduct is the
Order of Disciples of the Blessed One, of dutiful
conduct is the Order of Disciples of the Blessed One.
This Order of Disciples of the Blessed One - namely

those four pairs of persons, the eight kinds of
«Ã«ó«è¼Ü ʢ «Ü ôÊØã¨ú Ê¡ ÊėØ«Ã¢Üʃ «Ü ôÊØã¨ú Ê¡
hospitality, is worthy of gifts, is worthy of reverential
7
PENGHORMATAN
KEPADA TIGA PERMATA
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Mereka adalah empat pasang makhluk, terdiri dari

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Ü¼èãã«ÊÃÜʃ«ÜÃ«ÃÊÂÕØ¼ă¼Ê¡ÂØ«ãÜ¡ÊØã¨
world.
ú ã¨ ăØÂ ãØÂ«Ãã«ÊÃ Ê¡ ã¨«Ü ãØèã¨ʃ Âú ã¨

Blessings of the Triple Gem be with you.
9
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3DWXW PHQHULPD SHQJKRUPDWDQ /DGDQJ PHQDQDP MDVD
\DQJWLDGDWDUDQ\DEDJLPDNKXNGXQLD
%HUNDW SHUQ\DWDDQ NHEHQDUDQ LQL VHPRJD EHUNDK 7LJD

Permata menyertaimu.
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T hus have I heard: On one occasion the Blessed

One was living near Rajagaha, in the bamboo
grove, in the Squirrels’ feeding-ground. At that
time the Venerable Maha Kassapa, who was living in
ã¨ S«ÕÕ¨¼« óʃ ôÜ Ġ«ã ô«ã¨ «ÜÜʃ ôÜ
ÜèėØ«Ã¢ã¨Ø¡ØÊÂʃÃôÜ¢Øó¼ú«¼¼ʈ
Then the Blessed One, arising from His solitude

at even-tide, visited the Venerable Maha Kassapa
and sat down on a seat made ready (for Him). Thus
seated, the Blessed One spoke to the Venerable Maha
Kassapa: ‘Well Kassapa, how is it with you? Are you
Ø«Ã¢ èÕʃ Ø úÊè ÃèØ«Ã¢ ʛúÊèØ ÜèėØ«Ã¢ʜʊ Ê
your pains decrease or increase? Are there signs of
your pain decreasing and not of increasing?’ ‘No, Ven.
Sir, I am not bearing up, I am not enduring, the pain
is very great. There is a sign not of pains decreasing
but of their increasing.’ ‘Kassapa, these seven factors
of enlightenment are well expounded by me and
are cultivated and fully developed by me. They are
conducive to perfect understanding, to full realization
(of the Four Noble Truths) and to Nibbana.
What are the seven?
17
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Maka Kassapa: ‘Bagaimana keadaanmu Kassapa?
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18
1. Mindfulness, the factor of enlightenment, Kassapa,
is well expounded by me, and is cultivated and fully
developed by me. It conduces to perfect understanding,
to full realization and to Nibbana.
2. Investigation of the Dhamma, the factor of

enlightenment, Kassapa, is well expounded by me, and
is cultivated and fully developed by me. It conduces
to perfect understanding, to full realization and to
Nibbana.
ȼʈ SØÜóØ«Ã¢ ėÊØãʃ ã¨ ¡ãÊØ Ê¡ Ã¼«¢¨ãÃÂÃãʃ

Kassapa, is well expounded by me, and is cultivated
and fully developed by me. It conduces to perfect
understanding, to full realization and to Nibbana.
4. Rapture, the factor of enlightenment, Kassapa, is well

expounded by me, and is cultivated and fully developed
by me. It conduces to perfect understanding, to full
realization and to Nibbana.
5. Calm, the factor of enlightenment, Kassapa, is well

expounded by me, and is cultivated and fully developed
by me. It conduces to perfect understanding, to full
realization and to Nibbana.
6. Concentration, the factor of enlightenment,

Kassapa, is well expounded by me, and is cultivated
19
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1. Faktor pencerahan Perhatian, Kassapa, telah diuraikan

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2. Faktor pencerahan Penyelidikan terhadap Dhamma,

Kassapa, telah diuraikan olehku, dan telah sepenuhnya
GLODWLKGDQGLNHPEDQJNDQROHKNX,QLPHQJDUDKNHSDGD
NHPDPSXDQEDWLQOXDUELDVDNHSHUHDOLVDVLDQSHQXKGDQ
NH1LEEDQD
3. Faktor pencerahan Usaha yang gigih, Kassapa, telah

diuraikan olehku, dan telah sepenuhnya dilatih dan
GLNHPEDQJNDQROHKNX,QLPHQJDUDKNHSDGDNHPDPSXDQ
EDWLQOXDUELDVDNHSHUHDOLVDVLDQSHQXKGDQNH1LEEDQD
4. Faktor pencerahan Kegiuran, Kassapa, telah diuraikan

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ROHKNX ,QL PHQJDUDK NHSDGD NHPDPSXDQ EDWLQ OXDU
ELDVDNHSHUHDOLVDVLDQSHQXKGDQNH1LEEDQD
5. Faktor pencerahan Ketenangan, Kassapa, telah

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7. Equanimity, the factor of enlightenment, Kassapa,
‘These seven factors of enlightenment, Kassapa,

are well expounded by me and are cultivated and
fully developed by me. They conduce to perfect
understanding, to full realization and to Nibbana.’
‘Most assuredly’, O Blessed One’ they are factors of

enlightenment. Most assuredly, O Welcome Being
(Sugata), they are factors of enlightenment. ’ Thus
said the Buddha, and Venerable Maha Kassapa, glad
at heart, approved the utterances of the Buddha.
Thereupon Venerable Maha Kassapa recovered from
ã¨ã Ġ«ã«ÊÃʃ Ã ã¨ã Ġ«ã«ÊÃ Ê¡ qÃØ¼ A¨
Kassapa disappeared.
úã¨ăØÂãØÂ«Ãã«ÊÃÊ¡ã¨«ÜãØèã¨ʃÂúúÊè¡Ø¡ØÊÂ
illness. (3x)
21
6. Faktor pencerahan Konsentrasi, Kassapa, telah

)DNWRU SHQFHUDKDQ .HVHLPEDQJDQ %DWLQ .DVVDSD

telah diuraikan olehku, dan telah sepenuhnya dilatih dan
µ.HWXMXK IDNWRU SHQFHUDKDQ LQL .DVVDSD WHODK

VHSHQXKQ\D GLXUDLNDQ GLODWLK GDQ GLNHPEDQJNDQ
ROHKNX 0HUHND PHPEDZD NHSDGD NHPDPSXDQ EDWLQ
OXDUELDVDNHSHUHDOLVDVLDQSHQXKGDQNH1LEEDQD¶
µ7HQWX¶ 6DQJ %KDJDYD¶ PHUHND DGDODK IDNWRUIDNWRU
SHQFHUDKDQ7HQWX<DQJ %HUEDKDJLD 6XJDWD PHUHND
DGDODKIDNWRUIDNWRUSHQFHUDKDQ¶
'HPLNLDQ GLNDWDNDQ 6DQJ %XGGKD GDQ <DQJ 0XOLD
0DKD.DVVDSDGHQJDQVHQDQJKDWLPHQ\HWXMXLXFDSDQ
6DQJ %XGGKD 6HWHODK LWX <DQJ 0XOLD 0DKD .DVVDSD
VHPEXKGDULGHULWDVDNLWGDQGHULWD<DQJ0XOLD0DKD
.DVVDSDWHUVHEXWSDGDP
%HUNDW SHUQ\DWDDQ NHEHQDUDQ LQL VHPRJD NDPX WHUEHEDV GDUL

sakit. (3x)
22
23
24
25
0$+Ɩ
02**$//Ɩ1$77+(5$
%2--+$ৃ*$3$5,77$
5ƗMDJDKHYLKDUDWL9HOXYDQH.DODQGDNDQLYƗSH
7HQDNKRSDQDVDPD\HQDƗ\DVPƗ
0DKƗPRJJDOOƗQR*LMMKDNǌ৬HSDEEDWHYLKDUDWL
ƗEƗGKLNRGXNNKLWREƗশKDJLOƗQR
$WKDNKR%KDJDYƗVƗ\D৆KDVDPD\DূSDWLVDOOƗQƗ
YX৬৬KLWR\HQƗ\DVPƗ0DKƗPRJJDOOƗQR
WHQ¶XSDVDৄNDPL8SDVDৄNDPLWYƗSDxxDWWHƗVDQH
QLVƯGL1LVDMMDNKR%KDJDYƗƗ\DVPDQWDূ
0DKƗPRJJDOOƗQDূHWDGDYRFD
.DFFLWH0RJJDOOƗQD.KDPDQƯ\DP".DFFL
\ƗSDQƯ\Dূ".DFFLGXNNKƗYHGDQƗ
SD৬LNNDPDQWL"1RDEKLNNKDPDQWL
3D৬LNNDPRVƗQDূSDxxƗ\DWL"1RDEKLNNDPR"¶WL
1DPHEKDQWHNKDPPDQƯ\DূQD\ƗSDQƯ\Dূ
%ƗশKDPHGXNNKƗYHGDQƗ$EKLNNDPDQWLQR
SD৬LNNDPDQWL$EKLNNDPRVƗQDূSDxxƗ\DWLQR
SD৬LNNDPR¶WL6DWWL¶PH0RJJDOOƗQDERMMKDৄJƗ
PD\ƗVDPPDGDNNKƗWƗEKƗYLWƗEDKXOƯNDWƗ
.DWDPHVDWWD"
26
6DWLVDPERMMKDৄJRNKR0RJJDOOƗQDPD\Ɨ
'KDPPDYLFD\DVDPERMMKDৄJRNKR
0RJJDOOƗQDPD\ƗVDPPDGDNNKƗWREKƗYLWR
EDKXOƯNDWRDEKLxxƗ\DVDPERGKƗ\DQLEEƗ৆Ɨ\D
VDূYDWWDWL
9LUL\DVDPERMMKDৄJRNKR0RJJDOOƗQD
3ƯWLVDPERMMKDৄJRNKR0RJJDOOƗQD
3DVVDGGKLVDPERMMKDৄJRNKR0RJJDOOƗQD
6DPƗGKLVDPERMMKDৄJRNKR0RJJDOOƗQD
8SHNNKƗVDPERMMKDৄJRNKR0RJJDOOƗQD
27
,PHNKR0RJJDOOƗQDVDWWDERMMKDৄJƗPD\Ɨ
VDPPDGDNNKƗWƗEKƗYLWƗEDKXOƯNDWƗ
7DJJKD%KDJDYDERMMKDৄJƗ7DJJKD6XJDWD
ERMMKDৄJƗ¶WL,GDP¶DYRFD%KDJDYƗDWWDPDQR
Ɨ\DVPƗ0DKƗPRJJDOOƗQR%KDJDYDWREKƗVLWDূ
DEKLQDQGL9X৬৬KƗKLFƗ\DVPƗ0DKƗPRJJDOOƗQR
WDPKƗƗEƗGKƗ7DWKƗSDKƯQRFƗ\DVPDWR
0DKƗPRJJDOOƗQDVVDVRƗEƗGKRDKRVƯWL
28
%
02**$//Ɩ1$7+(5$
%2--+$ৃ*$

One was living near Rajagaha in the bamboo grove,
in the squirrels’ feeding-ground. At that time the
Venerable Maha Moggallana who was living on the
#«¶¶¨¹èã )«¼¼ ʛqè¼ãèØÜʰ S¹ʜ ôÜ Ġ«ã ô«ã¨
«ÜÜʃôÜÜèėØ«Ã¢ã¨Ø¡ØÊÂÃôÜ¢Øó¼ú«¼¼ʈ
Then the Blessed One, arising from His solitude at

even-tide, visited the Venerable Maha Mogallana and
sat down on a seat made ready for Him. Thus seated, the
Blessed One spoke to the Venerable Maha Moggallana:
Well Moggalana, how is it with you? Are you bearing

èÕʃØúÊèÃèØ«Ã¢ʛúÊèØÜèėØ«Ã¢ʜʊÊúÊèØÕ«ÃÜ
decrease or increase? Are these signs of your pains
decreasing and not of increasing? ‘No, Ven. Sir, I am
not bearing up, I am not enduring, the pain is very
great. There is a sign not of pains decreasing but of
their increasing.’ ‘Moggalana, these seven factors
of enlightenment are well expounded by me and
are cultivated and fully developed by me. They are
conducive to perfect understanding, to full realization
(of the Four Noble Truths) and to Nibbana. What are
29
%
02**$//Ɩ1$7+(5$
%2--+$ৃ*$
D emikian telah saya dengar. Pada satu kesempatan

<DQJ 0XOLD 0DKD 0RJJDOODQD \DQJ WLQJJDO GL %XNLW
*LMMKDNXWD SXQFDN EXUXQJ +HULQJ PHQGHULWD VXDWX
penyakit, dan sakitnya sangat parah.
/DOX 6DQJ %KDJDYD EDQJNLW GDUL NHVXQ\LDQ VHQMD

PHQJXQMXQJL<DQJ0XOLD0DKD0RJDOODQDGDQGXGXN
GL WHPSDW \DQJ WHODK GLVHGLDNDQ XQWXN1\D 6HWHODK
GXGXN 6DQJ %KDJDYD EHUELFDUD NHSDGD <DQJ 0XOLD
Maha Moggalana:
‘Bagaimana keadaanmu Moggalana? Apakah kamu

GDSDWEHUWDKDQDSDNDKNDPXGDSDWPHPLNXOVDNLWPX"
$SDNDK VDNLWPX EHUNXUDQJ DWDX EHUWDPEDK" $GDNDK
WDQGDWDQGDVDNLWPXEHUNXUDQJGDQWLGDNEHUWDPEDK"¶
µ7LGDN <DQJ 0XOLD VD\D WLGDN GDSDW PHQDKDQQ\D
VD\D WLGDN GDSDW PHPLNXOQ\D VDNLWQ\D EHJLWX SDUDK
7LGDNDGDWDQGDVDNLWQ\DEHUNXUDQJQDPXQVHEDOLNQ\D
EHUWDPEDK¶ µ0RJJDODQD NHWXMXK IDNWRU SHQFHUDKDQ
30
the seven?
1. Mindfulness, the factor of enlightenment,

Moggalana, is well expounded by me, and is cultivated

enlightenment, Moggalana, is well expounded by
me, and is cultivated and fully developed by me. It
conduces to perfect understanding, to full realization
and to Nibbana.

4. Rapture, the factor of enlightenment, Moggalana,

5. Calm, the factor of enlightenment, Moggalana,

6. Concentration, the factor of enlightenment,

31
WHODKGLXUDLNDQGHQJDQEDLNROHKNXGDQWHODKVHSHQXKQ\D
GLODWLK GDQ GLNHPEDQJNDQ ROHKNX 0HUHND PHPEDZD
kepada pemahaman yang sempurna, ke perealisasian
SHQXKDNDQ(PSDW.HEHQDUDQ0XOLDGDQNH1LEEDQD
1. Faktor pencerahan Perhatian, Moggalana, telah


Moggalana, telah diuraikan olehku, dan telah sepenuhnya
GLODWLKGDQGLNHPEDQJNDQROHKNX,QLPHQJDUDKNHSDGD
pemahaman sempurna, ke perealisasian penuh dan ke
1LEEDQD
3. Faktor pencerahan Usaha yang gigih, Moggalana,

GLNHPEDQJNDQROHKNX,QLPHQJDUDKNHSDGDSHPDKDPDQ
VHPSXUQDNHSHUHDOLVDVLDQSHQXKGDQNH1LEEDQD
4. Faktor pencerahan Kegiuran, Moggalana, telah

5. Faktor pencerahan Ketenangan, Moggalana, telah
32
7. Equanimity, the factor of enlightenment, Moggalana,

‘These seven factors of enlightenment, Moggalana,

are well expounded by me and are cultivated and
fully developed by me. They conduce to perfect
understanding, to full realization and to Nibbana.’
‘Most assuredly’. O Blessed One’ they are factors of
enlightenment. Most assuredly, O Welcome Being
(Sugata), they are factors of englightenment.’ Thus
said the Buddha, and Venerable Maha Moggalana,
glad at heart, approved the utterances of the Buddha.
Thereupon Venerable Maha Moggalana recovered
¡ØÊÂ ã¨ã Ġ«ã«ÊÃʃ Ã ã¨ã Ġ«ã«ÊÃ Ê¡ qÃØ¼
Maha Moggalana disappeared.
illness. (3x)
33
6. Faktor pencerahan Konsentrasi, Moggalana, telah

)DNWRUSHQFHUDKDQ.HVHLPEDQJDQ%DWLQ0RJJDODQD
.HWXMXK IDNWRU SHQFHUDKDQ LQL 0RJJDODQD WHODK

VHSHQXKQ\DGLXUDLNDQGLODWLKGDQGLNHPEDQJNDQROHKNX
0HUHND PHPEDZD NHSDGD SHPDKDPDQ VHPSXUQD NH
SHUHDOLVDVLDQSHQXKGDQNH1LEEDQD¶
µ7HQWX¶ 6DQJ %KDJDYD¶ PHUHND DGDODK IDNWRUIDNWRU
SHQFHUDKDQ7HQWX<DQJ %HUEDKDJLD 6XJDWD PHUHND
DGDODKIDNWRUIDNWRUSHQFHUDKDQ¶
'HPLNLDQ GLNDWDNDQ 6DQJ %XGGKD GDQ <DQJ 0XOLD
0DKD 0RJJDODQD GHQJDQ VHQDQJ KDWL PHQ\HWXMXL
XFDSDQ 6DQJ %XGGKD 6HWHODK LWX <DQJ 0XOLD 0DKD
0RJJDODQD VHPEXK GDUL GHULWD VDNLW GDQ GHULWD <DQJ
0XOLD0DKD0RJJDODQDWHUVHEXWSDGDP

sakit. (3x)
34
35
36
0$+Ɩ&81'$77+(5$
%2--+$ৃ*$3$5,77$
5ƗMDJDKHYLKDUDWL9HশXYDQH.DODQGDNDQLYƗSH
7HQDNKRSDQDVDPD\HQD%KDJDYƗƗEƗGKLNR
KRWLGXNNKLWREƗশKDJLOƗQR
$WKDNKRƗ\DVPƗ0DKƗFXQGR
VƗ\D৆KDVDPD\DূSD৬LVDOOƗQƗYX৬৬KLWR\HQD
%KDJDYƗWHQ¶XSDVDৄNDPL8SDVDৄNDPLWYƗ
%KDJDYDQWDূDEKLYƗGHWYƗHNDPDQWDূQLVƯGL
(NDPDQWDূQLVLQQDূNKRƗ\DVPDQWDূ
0DKƗFXQGDূ%KDJDYƗHWDGDYRFD3D৬LEKDQWX
WDূFXQGDEKRMMKDৄJƗ¶WL6DWW¶LPHEKDQWH
ERMMKDৄJƗ%KDJDYDWƗVDPPDGDNNKƗWƗEKƗYLWƗ
EDKXOƯNDWƗDEKLxxƗ\DVDPERGKƗ\DQLEEƗ৆Ɨ\D
VDূYDWWDQWL.DWDPH6DWWD"
6DWLVDPERMMKDৄJRNKREKDQWH%KDJDYDWƗ
'KDPPDYLFD\DVDPERMMKDৄJRNKREKDQWH
%KDJDYDWƗVDPPDGDNNKƗWREKƗYLWREDKXOƯNDWR
9LUL\DVDPERMMKDৄJRNKREKDQWH
37
3LWLVDPERMMKDৄJRNKREKDQWH%KDJDYDWƗ
VDPPDGDNNKƗWREKƗYLWREDKXOƯNDWR
3DVVDGKLVDPERMMKDৄJRNKREKDQWH
6DPƗGKLVDPERMMKDৄJRNKREKDQWH
8SHNNKƗVDPERMMKDৄJRNKREKDQWH
,PHNKREKDQWHVDWWDERMMKDৄJƗ
%KDJDYDWƗVDPPDGDNNKƗWƗEKƗYLWƗ
EDKXOƯNDWƗDEKLxxƗ\DVDPERGKƗ\DQLEEƗ৆Ɨ\D
VDূYDWWDQWL7DJJKD&XQGDERMMKDৄJƗ7DJJKD
&XQGDERMMKDৄJƗ¶WL
,GDPDYRFƗ\DVPƗ0DKƗFXQGR
6DPDQXxxR6DWWKƗDKRVL9X৬৬KƗKLFD%KDJDYƗ
WDPKƗƗEƗGKƗ7DWKƗSDKƯQRFD%KDJDYDWRVR
ƗEƗGKRDKRVƯWL
38
%
&81'$77+(5$
%2--+$ৃ*$

One was living near Rajagaha, in the bamboo grove,
in the squirrels’ feeding-ground. At that time He was
Ġ«ãô«ã¨«ÜÜʃôÜÜèėØ«Ã¢ã¨Ø¡ØÊÂʃÃ
was gravely ill.
Then the Venerable Maha Cunda, arising from his

solitude at even-tide, approached the Blessed One,
saluted Him, and sat down beside Him. To Venerable
Maha Cunda thus seated, the Blessed One said: ‘O
Cunda, let the factors of enlightenment occur to your
mind.’ ‘These seven factors of enlightenment, bhante
(Ven. Sir), are well expounded, and are cultivated and
fully developed by the Blessed One. They conduce
Nibbana. What are the seven?
1. Mindfulness, the factor of enlightenment, bhante, is

well expounded by the Blessed One, and is cultivated
and fully developed by the Blessed One. It conduces
Nibbana.
39
%
&81'$77+(5$
%2--+$ৃ*$

Beliau menderita suatu penyakit, dan sakitnya sangat
parah.
/DOX<DQJ0XOLD0DKD&XQGDEDQJNLWGDULNHVXQ\LDQ
VHQMD PHQJXQMXQJL 6DQJ %KDJDYD PHPEHULNDQ
SHQJKRUPDWDQ GDQ GXGXN GL VLVL1\D 6HWHODK GXGXN
6DQJ %KDJDYD EHUELFDUD NHSDGD <DQJ 0XOLD 0DKD
&XQGD µ2 &XQGD ELDUNDQ IDNWRUIDNWRU SHQFHUDKDQ
WLPEXOGDODPSLNLUDQ$QGD¶µ.HWXMXKIDNWRUSHQFHUDKDQ
LQLEKDQWH<DQJ0XOLDWHODKGLXUDLNDQGHQJDQEDLN
GDQ WHODK VHSHQXKQ\D GLODWLK GDQ GLNHPEDQJNDQ ROHK
6DQJ%KDJDYD0HUHNDPHPEDZDNHSDGDSHPDKDPDQ
VHPSXUQD NH SHUHDOLVDVLDQ SHQXK GDQ NH 1LEEDQD
)DNWRUSHQFHUDKDQ3HUKDWLDQEKDQWHWHODKGLXUDLNDQ
oleh Sang Bhagava, dan telah sepenuhnya dilatih dan
GLNHPEDQJNDQROHK6DQJ%KDJDYD,QLPHQJDUDKNHSDGD
40
enlightenment, bhante, is well expounded by the
Blessed One, and is cultivated and fully developed by
the Blessed One. It conduces to perfect understanding,

bhante, is well expounded by the Blessed One, and is
cultivated and fully developed by the Blessed One. It
conduces to perfect understanding, to full realization
and to Nibbana.
4. Rapture, the factor of enlightenment, bhante, is

Nibbana.
5. Calm, the factor of enlightenment, bhante, is well

expounded by the Blessed One, and is cultivated
Nibbana.
6. Concentration, the factor of enlightenment, bhante,

is well expounded by the Blessed One, and is cultivated
Nibbana.
41
1LEEDQD

EKDQWH WHODK GLXUDLNDQ ROHK 6DQJ %KDJDYD GDQ WHODK
VHSHQXKQ\D GLODWLK GDQ GLNHPEDQJNDQ ROHK 6DQJ
Bhagava. Ini mengarah kepada pemahaman sempurna,
NHSHUHDOLVDVLDQSHQXKGDQNH1LEEDQD
)DNWRU SHQFHUDKDQ 8VDKD \DQJ JLJLK EKDQWH WHODK

diuraikan oleh Sang Bhagava, dan telah sepenuhnya
GLODWLK GDQ GLNHPEDQJNDQ ROHK 6DQJ %KDJDYD
Ini mengarah kepada pemahaman sempurna, ke
SHUHDOLVDVLDQSHQXKGDQNH1LEEDQD
)DNWRUSHQFHUDKDQ.HJLXUDQEKDQWHWHODKGLXUDLNDQ
1LEEDQD
)DNWRUSHQFHUDKDQ.HWHQDQJDQEKDQWHWHODKGLXUDLNDQ
1LEEDQD
)DNWRUSHQFHUDKDQ.RQVHQWUDVLEKDQWHWHODKGLXUDLNDQ
42
7. Equanimity, the factor of enlightenment, bhante, is
Nibbana.
These seven factors of enlightenment, bhante, are well

expounded and cultivated and fully developed by the
Blessed One
They conduce to perfect understanding, to full

realization and to Nibbana.’ ‘Most assuredly Cunda,
they are factors of enlightenment. Most assuredly
Cunda, they are factors of enlightenment.’ Thus said
the Venerable Maha Cunda, and the Master approved of
«ãʈa¨Ãã¨ ¼ÜÜHÃØÊóØ¡ØÊÂ)«ÜĠ«ã«ÊÃʃ
Ãã¨èÜ«ÜÕÕØ)«ÜĠ«ã«ÊÃʈ
illness. (3x)
43
1LEEDQD
)DNWRU SHQFHUDKDQ .HVHLPEDQJDQ %DWLQ EKDQWH

telah diuraikan oleh Sang Bhagava, dan telah
VHSHQXKQ\D GLODWLK GDQ GLNHPEDQJNDQ ROHK 6DQJ
Bhagava. Ini mengarah kepada pemahaman sempurna,
NHSHUHDOLVDVLDQSHQXKGDQNH1LEEDQD
.HWXMXKIDNWRUSHQFHUDKDQWHUVHEXWEKDQWHWHODKGLXUDL
GLODWLK GDQ GLNHPEDQJNDQ VHSHQXKQ\D ROHK 6DQJ
Bhagava.
.HWXMXK IDNWRU SHQFHUDKDQ WHUVHEXW PHQJDUDK NHSDGD

1LEEDQD¶µ7HQWX &XQGD PHUHND DGDODK IDNWRUIDNWRU
SHQFHUDKDQ7HQWX&XQGDPHUHNDDGDODKIDNWRUIDNWRU
SHQFHUDKDQ¶ 'HPLNLDQ GLNDWDNDQ <DQJ 0XOLD 0DKD
&XQGD GDQ 6DQJ *XUX PHQ\HWXMXLQ\D /DOX 6DQJ
%KDJDYDVHPEXKGDULGHULWDVDNLWGDQSDGDPODKGHULWD
sakitnya.

sakit. (3x)
44
45
46
47
*,5,0Ɩ1$1'$
6877$
6ƗYDWWKL\DূYLKDUDWL-HWDYDQH
$QƗWKDSL৆ঌLNDVVDƗUƗPH7HQDNKRSDQD
VDPD\HQDƗ\DVPƗ*LULPƗQDQGRƗEƗGKLNRKRWL
GXNNKLWREƗশKDJLOƗQR
$WKDNKRƗ\DVPƗƖQDQGR\HQD%KDJDYƗ
WHQ¶XSDVDৄNDPL8SDVDৄNDPLWYƗ
%KDJDYDQWDূDEKLYƗGHWYƗHNDPDQWDূQLVƯGL
(NDPDQWDূQLVLQQRNKRƗ\DVPƗƖQDQGR
%KDJDYDQWDূHWDGDYRFD³Ɩ\DVPƗEKDQWH
*LULPƗQDQGRƗEƗGKLNRGXNNKLWREƗশKDJLOƗQR
VƗGKXEKDQWH%KDJDYƗ\HQƗ\DVPƗ
*LULPƗQDQGRWHQ¶XSDVDৄNDPDWXDQXNDPSDূ
XSƗGƗ\ƗWL6DFHNKRWYDূƖQDQGD
*LULPƗQDQGDVVDEKLNNKXQRXSDVDৄNDPLWYƗ
GDVDVDxxƗEKƗVH\\ƗVL৬KƗQDূNKRSDQ¶HWDূ
YLMMDWL\Dূ*LULPƗQDQGDVVDEKLNNKXQR
GDVDVDxxƗVXWYƗVRƗEƗGKR৬KƗQDVR
SD৬LSSDVVDPEKH\\D
.DWDPHGDVD"$QLFFDVDxxƗDQDWWDVDxxƗ
DVXEKDVDxxƗƗGƯQDYDVDxxƗSDKƗ৆DVDxxƗ
YLUƗJDVDxxƗQLURGKDVDxxƗVDEEDORNH
48
DQDEKLUDWDVDxxƗVDEEDVDৄNKƗUHVX
DQLFFDVDxxƗƗQƗSƗQDVDWL
.DWDPƗF¶ƖQDQGDµDQLFFDVDxxƗ¶"
,GK¶ƖQDQGDEKLNNKǌDUDxxDJDWRYƗ
UXNNKDPǌODJDWRYƗVXxxƗJƗUDJDWRYƗLWL
SD৬LVDূFLNNKDWLµ5ǌSDূDQLFFDূYHGDQƗ
DQLFFƗVDxxƗDQLFFƗVDৄNKƗUƗDQLFFƗYLxxƗ৆Dূ
DQLFFDQ¶WL,WLLPHVXSDxFDVXSƗGDQDNNKDQGKHVX
DQLFFƗQXSDVVLYLKDUDWL$\DূYXFFDW¶ƖQDQGD
µDQLFFDVDxxƗ¶
.DWDPƗF¶ƖQDQGDµDQDWWDVDxxƗ¶"
UXNNKDPǌODJDWRYƗVXxxƗJƗUDJDWRYƗ
LWLSD৬LVDxFLNNKDWL&DNNKXূDQDWWƗUǌSDূ
DQDWWƗVRWDূDQDWWƗVDGGƗDQDWWƗJKƗ৆Dূ
DQDWWƗJDQGKƗDQDWWƗMLYKƗDQDWWƗUDVƗDQDWWƗ
NƗ\RDQDWWƗSKR৬৬KDEEƗDQDWWƗPDQRDQDWWƗ
GKDPPƗDQDWWƗ¶WL,WLLPHVXFKDVX
DMMKDWWLNDEƗKLUHVXƗ\DWDQHVXDQDWWƗQXSDVVƯ
YLKDUDWL$\DূYXFFDW¶ƖQDQGDµDQDWWDVDxxƗ¶
.DWDPƗF¶ƖQDQGDµDVXEKDVDxxƗ¶"
,GK¶ƖQDQGDEKLNNKǌLPDPHYDNƗ\DূXGGKDূ
SƗGDWDOƗDGKRNHVDPDWWKDNƗWDFDSDUL\DQWDূ
SǌUDূQƗQƗSSDNƗUDVVDDVXFLQRSDFFDYHNNKDWL
$WWKLLPDVPLূNƗ\HNHVƗORPƗQDNKƗGDQWƗ
49
WDFRPDূVDূQDKƗUXD৬৬KƯD৬৬LPLxMƗ
YDNNDূKDGD\Dূ\DNDQDূNLORPDNDূ
SLKDNDূSDSSKƗVDূDQWDূDQWDJX৆Dূ
XGDUL\DূNDUƯVDূSLWWDূVHPKDূSXEER
ORKLWDূVHGRPHGRDVVXYDVƗNKHORVLৄJKƗQLNƗ
ODVLNƗPXWWDূWL,WLLPDVPLূNƗ\H
DVXEKƗQXSDVVƯYLKDUDWL$\DূYXFFDW¶ƖQDQGD
µDVXEKDVDxxƗ¶
.DWDPƗF¶ƖQDQGDƗGƯQDYDVDxxƗ"
SD৬LVDxFLNNKDWL%DKXGXNNKRNKRD\DূNƗ\R
EDKXƗGƯQDYR,WLLPDVPLূNƗ\HYLYLGKƗƗEƗGKƗ
XSSDMMDQWLVH\\DWKƯGDূFDNNKXURJRVRWDURJR
JKƗ৆DURJRMLYKƗURJRNƗ\DURJRVƯVDURJR
ND৆৆DURJRPXNKDURJRGDQWDURJRNƗVRVƗVR
SL৆ƗVRঌDKRMDURNXFFKLURJRPXFFKƗ
SDNNKDQGLNƗVǌOƗYLVǌFLNƗNX৬৬KDূJD৆ঌR
NLOƗVRVRVRDSDPƗURGDGGXND৆ঌXNDFFKX
UDNKDVƗYLWDFFKLNƗORKLWDSLWWDূPDGKXPHKR
DূVƗSLশDNƗEKDJDQGDশƗSLWWDVDPX৬৬KƗQƗ
ƗEƗGKƗVHPKDVDPX৬৬KƗQƗƗEƗGKƗ
YƗWDVDPX৬৬KƗQƗƗEƗGKDVDQQLSƗWLNƗƗEƗGKƗ
XWXSDUL৆ƗPDMƗƗEƗGKDYLVDPDSDULKƗUDMƗ
ƗEƗGKDRSDNNDPLNƗƗEƗGKDNDPPDYLSƗNDMƗ
ƗEƗGKDVƯWDূXQKDূMLJDFFKƗSLSƗVƗXFFƗUR
SDVVƗYR¶WL,WLLPDVPLূNƗ\HƗGƯQDYƗQXSDVVƯ
50
YLKDUDWL$\DূYXFFDW¶ƖQDQGDµƗGƯQDYDVDxxƗ¶
.DWDPƗF¶ƖQDQGDµSDKƗ৆DVDxxƗ"
³,GK¶ƖQDQGDEKLNNKǌXSSDQQDূ
NƗPDYLWDNNDূQƗGKLYƗVHWLSDMDKDWLYLQRGHWL
E\DQWƯNDURWLDQDEKƗYDূJDPHWL8SSDQQDূ
Y\ƗSƗGDYLWDNNDূQƗGKLYƗVHWLSDMDKDWLYLQRGHWL
E\DQWƯNDURWLDQDEKƗYDূJDPHWL
8SSDQQDূYLKLূVƗYLWDNNDূQƗGKLYƗVHWL
SDMDKDWLYLQRGHWLE\DQWƯNDURWLDQDEKƗYDূ
JDPHWL8SSDQQXSSDQQHSƗSDNHDNXVDOH
GKDPPHQƗGKLYƗVHWLSDMDKDWLYLQRGHWL
E\DQWƯNDURWLDQDEKƗYDূJDPHWL³$\Dূ
YXFFDW¶ƖQDQGDµSDKƗ৆DVDxxƗ
.DWDPƗF¶ƖQDQGDµYLUƗJDVDxxƗ"
³,GK¶ƖQDQGDEKLNNKǌDUDxxDJDWRYƗ
SD৬LVDxFLNNKDWLµ(WDূVDQWDূHWDূSD৆ƯWDূ
\DGLGDূVDEEDVD৆NKƗUDVDPDWKR
VDEEǌSDGKL¶SD৬LQLVDJJRWD৆KDNNKD\RYLUƗJR
QLURGKRQLEEƗ৆DQ¶WLµ$\DূYXFFDW¶ƖQDQGD
µYLUƗJDVDxxƗ¶
.DWDPƗF¶ƖQDQGDµQLURGKDVDxxƗ"
³,GK¶ƖQDQGDEKLNNKǌDUDxxDJDWRYƗ
51
\DGLGDূVDEEDVD৆NKƗUDVDPDWKR6DEEǌSDGKL
SD৬LQLVDJJRWD৆KDNNKD\RYLUƗJRQLURGKR
QLEEƗ৆DQ¶WL$\DূYXFFDW¶ƖQDQGD
µQLURGKDVDxxƗ¶
.DWDPƗF¶ƖQDQGDµVDEEDORNH
DQDEKLUDWDVDxxƗ"µ,GK¶ƖQDQGDEKLNNKǌ\H
ORNHXSƗ\¶XSƗGƗQƗFHWDVRDGKL৬৬KƗQƗ¶EKL
QLYHVƗQXVD\ƗWHSDMDKDQWRYLUDPDWLQD
XSƗGL\DQWR$\DূYXFFDW¶ƖQDQGDµVDEEDORNH
DQDEKLUDWDVDxxƗ¶"
.DWDPƗF¶ƖQDQGDVDEEDVDৄNKƗUHVX
DQLFFDVDxxƗ",GK¶ƖQDQGDEKLNNKǌ
VDEEDVDৄNKƗUHKLD৬৬Ư\DWLKDUƗ\DWL
MLJXFFKDWL$\DূYXFFDW¶ƖQDQGD
VDEEDVDৄNKƗUHVXDQLFFDVDxxƗ
.DWDPƗF¶ƖQDQGDƗQƗSƗQDVDWL"
UXNNKDPǌODJDWRYƗVXxxƗJƗUDJDWRYƗQLVƯGDWL
SDOODৄNDূƗEKXMLWYƗXMXূNƗ\DূSD৆LGKƗ\D
SDULPXNKDূVDWLূXSD৬৬KDSHWYƗ6RVDWR¶YD
DVVDVDWLVDWRSDVVDVDWL
'ƯJKDূYƗDVVDVDQWR'ƯJKDূDVVDVƗPƯWLSDMƗQƗWL
'ƯJKDূYƗSDVVDVDQWR'ƯJKDূSDVVDVƗPƯWL
SDMƗQƗWL5DVVDূYƗDVVDVDQWR5DVVDূDVVDVƗPL
52
WLSDMƗQƗWL5DVVDূYƗSDVVDVDQWR5DVVDূ
SDVVDVƗPƯ¶WLSDMƗQƗWL
6DEEDNƗ\DSD৬LVDূYHGƯDVVDVLVVƗPƯ¶WLVLNNKDWL
6DEEDNƗ\DSD৬LVDূYHGLSDVVDVLVVƗPƯ¶WLVLNNKDWL
3DVVDPEKD\Dূ.Ɨ\DVDৄNKƗUDূDVVDVLVVƗPƯ¶WL
VLNNKDWL3DVVDPEKD\Dূ.Ɨ\DVDৄNKƗUDূ
SDVVDVLVVƗPƯ¶WLVLNNKDWL
3LWLSD৬LVDূYHGƯDVVDVLVVƗPƯ¶WLVLNNKDWL
3LWLSD৬LVDূYHGƯSDVVDVLVVƗPƯ¶WLVLNNKDWL
6XNKDSD৬LVDূYHGƯDVVDVLVVƗPƯ¶WLVLNNKDWL
6XNKDSD৬LVDূYHGƯSDVVDVLVVƗPƯ¶WLVLNNKDWL
&LWWDVDৄNKƗUDSD৬LVDূYHGƯDVVDVLVVƗPƯ¶WL
VLNNKDWL&LWWDVDৄNKƗUDSD৬LVDূYHGƯ
SDVVDVLVVƗPƯ¶WLVLNNKDWL
3DVVDPEKD\Dূ&LWWDVDৄNKƗUDূDVVDVLVVƗPƯ¶WL
VLNNKDWL
3DVVDPEKD\Dূ&LWWDVDৄNKƗUDূSDVVDVLVVƗPƯ¶WL
6LNNKDWL
&LWWDSD৬LVDূYHGƯDVVDVLVVƗPƯ¶WLVLNNKDWL
&LWWDSD৬LVDূYHGƯSDVVDVLVVƗPƯ¶WLVLNNKDWL
$EKLSSDPRGD\DূFLWWDূDVVDVLVVƗPƯ¶WLVLNNKDWL
$EKLSSDPRGD\DূFLWWDূSDVVDVLVVƗPƯ¶WL
6LNNKDWL
6DPƗGDKDূFLWWDূDVVDVLVVƗPƯ¶WLVLNNKDWL
6DPƗGDKDূFLWWDূSDVVDVLVVƗPƯ¶WLVLNNKDWL
9LPRFD\DূFLWWDূDVVDVLVVƗPƯ¶WLVLNNKDWL
9LPRFD\DূFLWWDূSDVVDVLVVƗPƯ¶WLVLNNKDWL
53
$QLFFƗQXSDVVƯDVVDVLVVƗPƯ¶WLVLNNKDWL
$QLFFƗQXSDVVƯSDVVDVLVVƗPƯ¶WLVLNNKDWL
9LUƗJƗQXSDVVƯDVVDVLVVƗPƯ¶WLVLNNKDWL
9LUƗJƗQXSDVVƯSDVVDVLVVƗPƯ¶WLVLNNKDWL
1LURGKƗQXSDVVƯDVVDVLVVƗPƯ¶WLVLNNKDWL
1LURGKƗQXSDVVƯSDVVDVLVVƗPƯ¶WLVLNNKDWL
3D৬LQLVVDJJƗQXSDVVƯDVVDVLVVƗPƯ¶WLVLNNKDWL
3D৬LQLVVDJJƗQXSDVVƯSDVVDVLVVƗPƯ¶WLVLNNKDWL
$\DূYXFFDW¶ƖQDQGDƗQƗSƗQDVDWL
6DFHNKRWYDূƖQDQGD*LULPƗQDQGDVVD
EKLNNKXQRXSDVD৆NDPLWYƗLPƗGDVDVDxxƗ
EKƗVH\\ƗVL৬KƗQDূNKRSDQ¶HWDূYLMMDWL\Dূ
*LULPƗQDQGDVVDEKLNNKXQRLPƗGDVDVDxxƗVXWYƗVR
ƗEƗGKR৬KƗQDVRSD৬LSSKDVVDPEKH\\Ɨ¶WL
$WKDNKRƗ\DVPƗƖQDQGR%KDJDYDWRVDQWLNH
LPƗGDVDVDxxƗXJJDKHWYƗ\HQƗ\DVPƗ
*LULPƗQDQGRWHQ¶XSDVDৄNDPL8SDVDৄNDPLWYƗ
Ɨ\DVPDQWR*LULPƗQDQGDVVDLPƗGDVDVDxxƗ
DEKƗVL$WKDNKRƗ\DVPDWR*LULPƗQDQGDVVDLPƗ
GDVDVDxxƗVXWYƗVRƗEƗGKR৬KƗQDVR
SD৬LSSDVDPEKL9X৬৬KƗKLFƗ\DVPƗ
*LULPƗQDQGRWDPKƗƗEƗGKƗ7DWKƗSDKƯQRFD
SDQƗ\DVPDWR*LULPƗQDQGDVVDVRƗEƗGKRDKRVLWL
54
DISCOURSE TO
G I R I M ANAN DA
THERA

One was living near Savatthi at Jetavana, at the
monastery of Anathapindika. Now at the time, the
qÃØ¼ #«Ø«ÂÃÃ ôÜ Ġ«ã ô«ã¨ «ÜÜʃ
ôÜÜèėØ«Ã¢ã¨Ø¡ØÊÂʃÃôÜ¢Øó¼ú«¼¼ʈ
Thereupon Venerable Ananda approached the Buddha,

and having saluted Him sat beside him. So seated
Venerable Ananda said this to the Blessed One: ‘Bhante
ʛqÃØ¼ Z«Øʜʃ qÃØ¼ #«Ø«ÂÃÃ «Ü Ġ«ã
ô«ã¨«ÜÜʃ«ÜÜèėØ«Ã¢ã¨Ø¡ØÊÂʃÃ«Ü¢Øó¼ú«¼¼ʈ
It were well, bhante, if the Blessed One would visit the
Venerable Girimananda out of compassion for him.’
(Thereupon the Buddha said:) ‘Should you, Ananda,
visit the monk Girimananda and recite to him the ten
contemplations, then that monk Girimananda having
heard them, will be immediately cured of his disease’.
What are the ten? Contemplation of impermanence,

Contemplation of anatta (absence of a permanent self
or soul). Contemplation of foulness, Contemplation
of disadvantage (danger). Contemplation of
abandonment. Contemplation of detachment.
55
KHOTBAH UTUK
G I R I M ANAN DA
THERA

Sang Bhagava tinggal di Jetavana dekat Savatthi,
GL YLKDUD $QDWKDSLQGLND 3DGD VDDW LWX <DQJ 0XOLD
Girimananda menderita suatu penyakit, dan sakitnya
sangat parah.
/DOX<DQJ 0XOLD$QDQGD PHQJKDPSLUL 6DQJ %XGGKD

GDQ VHWHODK PHPEHUL SHQJKRUPDWDQ GXGXN GL VLVL
%HOLDX 6HWHODK GXGXN <DQJ 0XOLD $QDQGD EHUNDWD
NHSDGD6DQJ%XGGKDµ%KDQWH<DQJ0XOLD<DQJ0XOLD
Girimananda menderita suatu penyakit, dan sakitnya
VDQJDW SDUDK $ODQJNDK EDLNQ\D EKDQWH MLND 6DQJ
%KDJDYDGDSDWPHQJXQMXQJL<DQJ0XOLD*LULPDQDQGD
DWDVEHODVNDVLKNHSDGDQ\D¶
/DOX 6DQJ %XGGKD EHUNDWD µ6HEDLNQ\D DQGD$QDQGD
\DQJPHQJXQMXQJLEKLNNKX*LULPDQDQGDGDQPHPEDFD
VHSXOXK SHQFHUDSDQ GDVDVDxxƗ NHSDGDQ\D NHPXGLDQ
VHWHODK EKLNNKX *LULPDQDQGD PHQGHQJDUQ\D LD DNDQ
VHJHUDVHPEXKGDULVDNLWQ\D¶
$SDNDK NH VHSXOXK SHQFHUDSDQ GDVDVDxxƗ WHUVHEXW"
56
Contemplation of cessation. Contemplation of distaste
for the whole world. Contemplation of impermanence
of all component things. Mindfulness of in-breathing
and out-breathing.
1. And what, Ananda, is contemplation of

impermanence? Herein, Ananda, a monk, having gone
to the forest, or to the foot of a tree, or to an empty
house (lonely place) contemplates thus: Matter (visible
objects) is impermanent; feeling or sensation is
impermanent; perception is impermanent; formations
are impermanent; conciousness is impermanent.
Thus he dwells contemplating impermanence in these
ăó¢¢Ø¢ãÜʈa¨«ÜʃÃÃʃ«Ü¼¼ÊÃãÂÕ¼ã«ÊÃ
of impermanence.
2. And what Ananda, is contemplation of anatta?

Herein, Ananda, a monk having gone to the forest or
to the foot of a tree or to a lonely place contemplates
thus: The eye is not the self; forms are not the self;
sounds are not the self; the nose is not the self; smells
are not the self; the tongue is not the self; tastes are
not the self; the body is not the self; bodily contacts
(tangible objects) are not the self; the mind is not the
self; mental objects are not the self. Thus he dwells
contemplating Not-self in these internal and external
bases. This, Ananda, is called contemplation of anatta.
3. And what, Ananda, is contemplation of foulness?

Herein, Ananda, a monk contemplates this body
57
3HQFHUDSDQ DWDV NHWLGDNNHNDODQ DQLFFDVDxxƗ
SHQFHUDSDQ DWDV EXNDQ DNX DWDX MLZD \DQJ NHNDO
DQDWWDVDxxƗ SHQFHUDSDQ DWDV KDO \DQJ PHQMLMLNNDQ
DVXEKDVDxxƗ SHQFHUDSDQ DWDV NHDGDDQ PHUXJLNDQ
EDKD\D ƗGƯQDYDVDxxƗ SHQFHUDSDQ DWDV NHEHEDVDQ
SDKƗ৆DVDxxƗSHQFHUDSDQDWDVSHOHSDVDQYLUƗJDVDxxƗ
SHQFHUDSDQDWDVSHOHQ\DSDQQLURGKDVDxxƗSHQFHUDSDQ
DWDVNHDGDDQWLGDNWHULNDWROHKKDOGXQLDZLVDEEDORNH
DQDEKLUDWDVDxxƗ SHQFHUDSDQ DWDV NHWLGDNNHNDODQ
VHPXDEHQWXNSHUSDGXDQVDEEDVDৄNKƗUHVXDQLFFDVDxxƗ
SHUHQXQJDQDWDVNHOXDUPDVXNQ\DQDIDVƗQƗSƗQDVDWL
'DQDSDNDK$QDQGDSHQFHUDSDQDWDVNHWLGDNNHNDODQ
DQLFFDVDxxƗLWX"
'LVLQL $QDQGD VHRUDQJ EKLNNKX VHWHODK SHUJL NH
KXWDQ DWDX NH EDZDK NDNL SRKRQ DWDX NH UXPDK
kosong (tempat yang sunyi) merenungkan: tidak kekal
%DGDQ RE\HN \DQJ WHUOLKDW LQL WLGDN NHNDO SHUDVDDQ
atau sensasi ini; tidak kekal pencerapan ini; tidak
NHNDOEHQWXNEHQWXNSLNLUDQLQLWLGDNNHNDONHVDGDUDQ
SLNLUDQLQL%HJLWXODKLDEHUGLDPGLGDODPSHUHQXQJDQ
DWDV NHWLGDNNHNDODQ GDUL OLPD NHORPSRN SHUSDGXDQ
\DQJ PHQLPEXONDQ NHPHOHNDWDQ LQL ,QLODK $QDQGD
\DQJGLVHEXWSHQFHUDSDQDWDVNHWLGDNNHNDODQ
'DQDSDNDK$QDQGDSHQFHUDSDQDWDVEXNDQDNXDWDX
MLZD\DQJNHNDODQDWWDVDxxƗLWX"
'LVLQL$QDQGDVHRUDQJEKLNNKXVHWHODKSHUJLNHKXWDQ
58
upwards from the soles of the feet, downwards from
the top of the hair, enclosed in skin, as being full of
many kinds of impurities. In this body there are head-
¨«ØÜʃ Êúʢ¨«ØÜʃ Ã«¼Üʃ ãã¨ʃ Ü¹«Ãʃ ĄÜ¨ʃ Ü«ÃôÜʃ
bones, marrow, kidneys, heart, liver, pleura, spleen,
lungs, intestines, intestinal tract, stomach, faeces, bile,
phlegm, pus, blood, sweat, fat, tears, grease, saliva,
nasal mucus, synovium (oil lubricating the joints),
and urine. Thus he dwells contemplating foulness in
this body. This, Ananda, is called contemplation of
foulness.
4. And what, Ananda, is contemplation of disadvantage

(danger)? Herein, Ananda, a monk having gone to the
forest, or to the foot of a tree, or to a lonely place,
ÊÃãÂÕ¼ãÜ ã¨èÜʂ AÃú Ø ã¨ ÜèėØ«Ã¢Üʃ ÂÃú
are the disadvantages (dangers) of this body since
diverse diseases are engendered in this body such
as the following: Eye-disease, ear-disease, nose-
disease, tongue-disease, body-disease, headache,
mumps, mouth-disease, tooth-ache, cough, asthma,
catarrh, heart-burn, fever, stomach ailment, fainting,
dysentery, swelling, gripes, leprosy, boils, scrofula,
consumption, epilepsy, ringworm, itch, eruption,
ãããØʃÕèÜãè¼ʃÕ¼ã¨ÊØʃ«ãÜʃÕ«¼ÜʃÃØʃăÜãè¼ʃ
and diseases originating from bile, from phlegm, from
ô«Ãʃ¡ØÊÂÊÃĄ«ãÊ¡ã¨¨èÂÊèØÜʃ¡ØÊÂ¨Ã¢ÜÊ¡
weather, from adverse conditions (faulty deportment),
from devices (practised by others), from kamma-vipaka
(results of kamma); and cold, heat, hunger, thirst,
59
DWDXNHEDZDKNDNLSRKRQDWDXNHWHPSDW\DQJVXQ\L
PHUHQXQJNDQ 0DWD EXNDQODK DNX REMHN SHQJOLKDWDQ
EXNDQODK DNX VXDUD EXNDQODK DNX KLGXQJ EXNDQODK
DNXEDXEDXDQEXNDQODKDNXOLGDKEXNDQODKDNXUDVD
NHFDSDQ EXNDQODK DNX EDGDQ EXNDQODK DNX VHQWXKDQ
EDGDQRE\HNQ\DWDEXNDQODKDNXSLNLUDQEXNDQODKDNX
EHQWXNEHQWXNSLNLUDQEXNDQODKDNX/DOXLDEHUGLDPGL
GDODPSHUHQXQJDQDWDVEXNDQDNXSDGDODQGDVDQGDODP
PDXSXQ ODQGDVDQ OXDU ,QLODK $QDQGD \DQJ GLVHEXW
pencerapan atas anatta.
3. Dan apakah, Ananda, pencerapan atas hal yang

PHQMLMLNNDQDVXEKDVDxxƗLWX"
'LVLQL$QDQGDVHRUDQJEKLNNKXPHUHQXQJNDQWXEXKQ\D
GDUL WHODSDN NDNL NH DWDV GDQ GDUL XMXQJ UDPEXW NH
EDZDKWHUWXWXSROHKNXOLWGDQEHULVLEHUPDFDPPDFDP
NRWRUDQ'DODPWXEXKLQLDGDUDPEXWNHSDODEXOXEDGDQ
NXNX JLJL NXOLW GDJLQJ RWRWRWRW WXODQJEHOXODQJ
VXPVXPJLQMDOMDQWXQJKDWLVHNDWURQJJDGDGDOLPSD
SDUXSDUXXVXVRUJDQXVXVSHUXWWLQMDHPSHGXOHQGLU
nanah, darah, keringat, lemak, air mata, ludah, ingus,
minyak SHUVHQGLDQ GDQ DLU NHQFLQJ
'HPLNLDQODK LD EHUGLDP GDODP SHUHQXQJDQ DWDV KDO
\DQJ PHQMLMLNNDQ GDODP WXEXK LQL ,QLODK $QDQGD
\DQJGLVHEXWSHQFHUDSDQDWDVKDO\DQJPHQMLMLNNDQ
60
excrement, and urine. Thus he dwells contemplating
disadvantage (danger) in this body. This, Ananda, is
called contemplation of disadvantage (danger).
5. And what, Ananda, is contemplating of

abandonment? Herein, Ananda, a monk does not to
tolerate a thought of sense desire that has arisen in
him, dispels it, makes an end of it, and annihilates it.
He does not tolerate a thought of ill-will that has arisen
in him, but abandons it, dispels it, makes an end of it,
and annihilates it. He does not tolerate a thought of
cruelty that has arisen in him but abandons it, dispels
it, makes an end of it, and annihilates it. He does not
ãÊ¼Øãó«¼ʃèÃÕØÊăã¼ÜããÜã¨ãØ«Ü«Ã¨«Â¡ØÊÂ
time to time, but abandons them, dispels them, makes
an end of them, and annihilates them. This, Ananda, is
called contemplation of abandonment.

detachment? Herein, Ananda, a monk having gone to
the forest, or to the foot of a tree, or to a lonely place,
contemplates thus: This is peaceful, this is sublime,
namely the stilling of all conditioned things, the giving
up of all substratum of becoming, the extinction of
craving, detachment, Nibbana. This, Ananda, is called
contemplation of detachment.
7. And what, Ananda, is contemplation of cessation?

Herein, Ananda, a monk having gone to the forest, or to
the foot of a tree, or to a lonely place, contemplates thus:
61
4. Dan apakah, Ananda, pencerapan atas keadaan
PHUXJLNDQEDKD\DƗGƯQDYDVDxxƗLWX"
PHUHQXQJNDQ %DQ\DN SHQGHULWDDQ EDQ\DN NHDGDDQ
\DQJ PHUXJLNDQ EDKD\D DWDV WXEXK LQL PHQJLQJDW
EHUPDFDPPDFDP SHQ\DNLW GDSDW WLPEXO GDODP WXEXK
ini seperti: penyakit mata, penyakit telinga, penyakit
KLGXQJ SHQ\DNLW OLGDK SHQ\DNLW EDGDQ VDNLW NHSDOD
SHQ\DNLW JRQGRN SHQ\DNLW PXOXW VDNLW JLJL EDWXN
asma, radang selaput lendir, panas dalam, demam,
SHQ\DNLWSHUXWSLQJVDQGLVHQWULSHPEHQJNDNDQVDNLW
SHUXWWLEDWLEDOHSUDELVXOSHQ\DNLWNHOHQMDUVDNLWSDUX
SDUXD\DQNXUDSJDWDOJDWDOUXDPNXOLWMHUDZDWFDLUDQ
WXEXKEHUOHELKNHQFLQJPDQLVZDVLUNDQNHU¿VWXODGDQ
SHQ\DNLW\DQJGLDNLEDWNDQGDULHPSHGXGDULOHQGLUGDUL
JDVDQJLQGDULNRQGLVL¿VLNGDULSHUXEDKDQLNOLPGDUL
NRQGLVLNRQGLVL\DQJ PHUXJLNDQSHULODNXEXUXNGDUL
peralatan (yang dipakai orang lain), dari hasil kamma;
GDQGDULGLQJLQSDQDVODSDUKDXVEXDQJDLUEHVDUGDQ
NHQFLQJ/DOXLDEHUGLDPGLGDODPSHUHQXQJDQNHDGDDQ
\DQJ PHUXJLNDQ EDKD\D GDODP WXEXK LQL ,QLODK
$QDQGD \DQJ GLVHEXW SHQFHUDSDQ WHUKDGDS NHDGDDQ
\DQJPHUXJLNDQEDKD\D
'DQ DSDNDK $QDQGD SHQFHUDSDQ DWDV NHEHEDVDQ

SDKƗ৆DVDxxƗ"
'LVLQL $QDQGD VHRUDQJ EKLNNKX WLGDN PHPELDUNDQ
62
This is peaceful, this is sublime, namely the stilling of
all component things, the giving up of all substratum
of becoming, the extinction of craving, cessation,
Nibbana. This, Ananda, is called contemplation of
cessation.
8. And what, Ananda, is contemplation of distaste for

the whole world?
Herein, Ananda, (a monk) by abandoning any concern
and clinging to this world, by abandoning mental
prejudices, wrong beliefs, and latent tendencies
concerning this world, by not grasping them, but by
giving them up, becomes detached. This, Ananda, is
called contemplation of distaste for the whole world.

impermanence of all component things?
Herein, Ananda, a monk is wearied, humiliated and
disgusted with all conditioned things. This, Ananda,
is called contemplation of impermanence of all
component things.
10. And what, Ananda, is mindfulness of in-breathing

and out-breathing?
Herein, Ananda, a monk having gone to the forest, or to
the foot of a tree, or to a lonely place, sits down, having
folded his legs crosswise, keeping the body erect, and
his mindfulness alive, mindful he breathes in, mindful
he breathes out. When he is breathing in a long breath,
he knows: ‘I am breathing in a long breath’; when he is
63
NHLQJLQDQ UHQGDK EHUNHPEDQJ GDODP GLULQ\D
menghilangkannya, mengakhirinya, dan
PHOHQ\DSNDQQ\D ,D WLGDN PHPELDUNDQ QLDW EXUXN
EHUNHPEDQJGDODPGLULQ\DQDPXQPHQJKLODQJNDQQ\D
mengakhirinya, dan melenyapkannya. Ia tidak
PHPELDUNDQ NHNHMDPDQ EHUNHPEDQJ GDODP GLULQ\D
namun menghilangkannya, mengakhirinya, dan
PHOHQ\DSNDQQ\D ,D WLGDN PHPELDUNDQ NHDGDDQ
EDWLQ \DQJ EXUXN GDQ WLGDN EHUPDQIDDW EHUNHPEDQJ
dalam dirinya dari waktu ke waktu, tetapi
meninggalkannya, menghilangkannya, mengakhirinya,
GDQ PHOHQ\DSNDQQ\D ,QLODK $QDQGD \DQJ GLVHEXW
SHQFHUDSDQDNDQNHEHEDVDQ
6. Dan apakah, Ananda, pencerapan atas pelepasan

YLUƗJDVDxxƗLWX"
KXWDQDWDXNHEDZDKNDNLSRKRQDWDXNHWHPSDW\DQJ
sunyi, merenungkan: Inilah tenang, inilah mulia, yaitu
EHUKHQWLQ\D VHPXD \DQJ EHUNRQGLVL WHUEXDQJQ\D
VHPXDODSLVDQNHKLGXSDQOHQ\DSQ\DNHLQJLQDQEHEDV
1LEEDQD,QLODK$QDQGD\DQJGLVHEXWSHQFHUDSDQDWDV
pelepasan.
7. Dan apakah, Ananda, pencerapan atas pelenyapan

QLURGKDVDxxƗLWX"
KXWDQDWDXNHEDZDKNDNLSRKRQDWDXNHWHPSDW\DQJ
64
breathing out a long breath, he knows: ‘I am breathing
out a long breath’; when he is breathing in a short
breath, he knows: ‘I am breathing in a short breath’;
when he is breathing out a short breath, he knows:
‘I am breathing out a short breath’. ‘Conscious of the
entire process I shall breathe in’, thus he trains himself.
Conscious of the entire process I shall breathe out’,
thus he trains himself. ‘Calming the entire process,
I shall breathe in’, thus he trains himself; ‘calming
the entire process I shall breathe out’, thus he trains
himself. ‘Experiencing rapture, I shall breathe in’,
thus he trains himself; ‘experiencing rapture, I shall
breathe out’, thus he trains himself.
‘Experiencing bliss, I shall breathe in’, thus he

trains himself, ‘experiencing bliss, I shall breathe
out’, thus he trains himself. ‘Experiencing the
mental formations (feeling and perception), I shall
breathe in’, thus he trains himself, ‘experiencing
the mental formations, I shall breathe out’, thus he
trains himself. ‘Calming the mental formations, I
shall breathe in’, thus he trains himself. ‘calming
the mental formations, I shall breathe out’, thus he
trains himself. ‘Experiencing the mind (according to
the four-fold absorptions, or Jhanas), I shall breathe
in’, thus he trains himself; ‘experiencing the mind, I
shall breathe out’, thus he trains himself. ‘Exceedingly
gladdening the mind (by samatha, calming, as well as
by vipassana, insight), I shall breathe in’, thus he trains
himself,’exceedingly gladdening the mind, I shall
65
sunyi, merenungkan: Inilah tenang, inilah mulia, yaitu
EHUKHQWLQ\D VHPXD \DQJ EHUNRQGLVL WHUEXDQJQ\D
semua lapisan kehidupan, lenyapnya keinginan, padam,
1LEEDQD,QLODK$QDQGD\DQJGLVHEXWSHQFHUDSDQDWDV
pelenyapan.
8. Dan apakah, Ananda, pencerapan atas keadaan tidak

WHULNDWROHKKDOGXQLDZLVDEEDORNHDQDEKLUDWDVDxxƗLWX"
'LVLQL$QDQGD VHRUDQJ EKLNNKX GHQJDQ PHPEXDQJ
segala perhatian dan kemelekatan atas dunia ini, dengan
meninggalkan prasangka mental, kepercayaan salah,
GDQ NHFHQGHUXQJDQ EDZDDQ EHUNDLWDQ GHQJDQ GXQLD
ini, dengan tidak menggenggamnya, tetapi dengan
PHOHSDVQ\D PHQMDGL WLGDN PHOHNDW ,QLODK $QDQGD
\DQJGLVHEXWSHQFHUDSDQDWDVNHDGDDQWLGDNWHULNDWROHK
hal duniawi.
'DQ DSDNDK $QDQGD SHQFHUDSDQ DWDV NHWLGDN

NHNDODQ VHPXD EHQWXN SHUSDGXDQ VDEEDVDৄNKƗUHVX
DQLFFDVDxxƗ LWX" 'LVLQL $QDQGD VHRUDQJ EKLNNKX
merasa ngeri, dipermalukan dan muak dengan semua
KDO \DQJ EHUNRQGLVL ,QLODK $QDQGD \DQJ GLVHEXW
SHQFHUDSDQ DWDV NHWLGDNNHNDODQ GDUL VHPXD EHQWXN
perpaduan.
'DQ DSDNDK $QDQGD SHUHQXQJDQ DWDV NHOXDU

PDVXNQ\DQDIDVƗQƗSƗQDVDWLLWX"
66
breathe out’, thus he trains himself. ‘Concentrating
the mind (on the breath), I shall breathe in’; thus he
trains himself,’concentrating the mind, I shall breathe
out’, thus he trains himself. ‘Liberating the mind
(from the nivaranas, or hindrances), I shall breathe
in’, thus he trains himself; ‘liberating the mind I shall
breathe out’, thus he trains himself; ‘contemplating
impermanence (in body, feeling, perception, volitional
formations, consciousness), I shall breathe in’, thus he
trains himself; ‘contemplating impermanence I shall
breathe out’, thus he trains himself; ‘contemplating
detachment, I shall breathe in’, thus he trains himself,
‘contemplating detachment I shall breathe out’, thus
he trains himself; ‘contemplating cessation I shall
breathe in’, thus he trains himself; ‘contemplating
cessation I shall breathe out’, thus he trains himself;
‘contemplating abandonment, I shall breathe in’, thus
he trains himself; ‘contemplating abandonment, I shall
breathe out’, thus he trains himself.’ ‘This, Ananda, is
called mindfulness of in-breathing and out-breathing.
If, Ananda, you visit the monk Girimananda and recite

to him these ten contemplations, then that monk,
Girimananda, having heard them, will be immediately
èØÊ¡¨«ÜĠ«ã«ÊÃʈʰ
Thereupon Venerable Ananda, having learnt these

ten contemplations from the Blessed One, visited
Venerable Girimananda, and recited to him the ten
contemplations. When Venerable Girimananda had
67
GXGXN GHQJDQ NDNL EHUVLOD PHQMDJD WXEXKQ\D WHWDS
WHJDN OXUXV GDQ SHUKDWLDQQ\D WHUMDJD PHPSHUKDWLNDQ
nafas keluar, memperhatikan nafas masuk. Saat nafasnya
PDVXNGHQJDQQDIDVSDQMDQJLDWDKXµVHGDQJEHUQDIDV
PDVXN GHQJDQ QDIDV SDQMDQJ¶ VDDW QDIDVQ\D NHOXDU
GHQJDQQDIDVSDQMDQJLDWDKXµVHGDQJEHUQDIDVNHOXDU
GHQJDQ QDIDV SDQMDQJ¶ 6DDW QDIDVQ\D PDVXN GHQJDQ
QDIDVSHQGHNLDWDKXµVHGDQJEHUQDIDVPDVXNGHQJDQ
nafas pendek’; saat nafasnya keluar dengan nafas pendek,
LDWDKXµVHGDQJEHUQDIDVNHOXDUGHQJDQQDIDVSHQGHN¶
‘Sadar akan proses menyeluruh saat menarik nafas’,
demikianlah ia melatih dirinya.‘Sadar akan proses
menyeluruh saat mengeluarkan nafas’, demikianlah ia
melatih dirinya. ‘Tenang pada proses menyeluruh saat
menarik nafas’, demikianlah ia melatih dirinya. ‘Tenang
pada proses menyeluruh saat mengeluarkan nafas’,
demikianlah ia melatih dirinya. ‘Mengalami kegiuran,
saat menarik nafas’, demikianlah ia melatih dirinya.
‘Mengalami kegiuran, saat mengeluarkan nafas’,
demikianlah ia melatih dirinya.
0HQJDODPL NHEDKDJLDDQ VDDW PHQDULN QDIDV¶

demikianlah ia melatih dirinya, ‘mengalami
NHEDKDJLDDQVDDWPHQJHOXDUNDQQDIDV¶GHPLNLDQODKLD
PHODWLKGLULQ\Dµ0HQJDODPLEHQWXNEHQWXNPHQWDOVDDW
menarik nafas’, demikian ia melatih dirinya, ‘mengalami
EHQWXNEHQWXN PHQWDO VDDW PHQJHOXDUNDQ QDIDV¶
68
¨Øã¨Âʃ¨«ÜĠ«ã«ÊÃôÜ«ÂÂ«ã¼úèØʈ)
ØÊóØ ¡ØÊÂã¨ã Ġ«ã«ÊÃʃ Ãã¨èÜ «ÜÕÕØ
ã¨Ġ«ã«ÊÃÊ¡ã¨qÃØ¼#«Ø«ÂÃÃʈ
illness. (3x)
69
69
demikian ia melatih dirinya, ‘Mengalami pikiran, saat
menarik nafas’, demikian ia melatih dirinya, ‘Mengalami
pikiran, saat mengeluarkan nafas’, demikian ia melatih
dirinya, ‘Kegirangan dalam pikiran, saat menarik nafas’,
demikian ia melatih dirinya, ‘Kegirangan dalam pikiran,
saat mengeluarkan nafas’, demikian ia melatih dirinya,
‘Konsentrasi pikiran , saat menarik nafas’,demikian ia
melatih dirinya, ‘Konsentrasi pikiran, saat mengeluarkan
QDIDV¶GHPLNLDQ LD PHODWLK GLULQ\D µ0HPEHEDVNDQ
pikiran (dari nivarana, atau rintangan), saat menarik
QDIDV¶GHPLNLDQ LD PHODWLK GLULQ\D µ0HPEHEDVNDQ
pikiran, saat mengeluarkan nafas’,demikian ia melatih
GLULQ\D µPHUHQXQJNDQ NHWLGDNNHNDODQ DNDQ EDGDQ
SHUDVDDQSHQFHUDSDQEHQWXNEHQWXNSLNLUDQNHVDGDUDQ
saat menarik nafas’, demikian ia melatih dirinya,
µPHUHQXQJNDQ NHWLGDNNHNDODQ VDDW PHQJHOXDUNDQ
nafas’, demikian ia melatih dirinya, ‘merenungkan
pelepasan, saat menarik nafas’,demikian ia melatih
dirinya, ‘merenungkan pelepasan, saat mengeluarkan
nafas’, demikian ia melatih dirinya, ‘merenungkan
pelenyapan, saat menarik nafas’,demikian ia melatih
dirinya, ‘merenungkan pelenyapan, saat mengeluarkan
nafas’,demikian ia melatih dirinya, ‘merenungkan
SHPEHEDVDQ VDDW PHQDULN QDIDV¶GHPLNLDQ LD PHODWLK
GLULQ\DµPHUHQXQJNDQSHPEHEDVDQVDDWPHQJHOXDUNDQ
nafas’, demikian ia melatih dirinya.’
µ,QLODK $QDQGD \DQJ GLVHEXW SHUHQXQJDQ DWDV NHOXDU
70
71
masuknya nafas.
-LND$QDQGDDQGDPHQJXQMXQJLEKLNNKX*LULPDQDQGD
dan mengucapkan ulang sepuluh pencerapan ini, maka
EKLNNKX *LULPDQDQGD VHWHODK PHQGHQJDUQ\D DNDQ
VHJHUDVHPEXKGDULVDNLWQ\D
/DOX<DQJ0XOLD$QDQGDVHWHODKPHPSHODMDULVHSXOXK
SHUHQXQJDQ GDUL 6DQJ %KDJDYD PHQJXQMXQJL <DQJ
Mulia Girimananda, dan mengucapkan ulang sepuluh
SHQFHUDSDQ WHUVHEXW .HWLND <DQJ 0XOLD *LULPDQDQGD
PHQGHQJDUUQ\D VDNLWQ\D ODQJVXQJ VHPEXK %HOLDX
VHPEXKGDULGHULWDVDNLWGDQKLODQJODKGHULWDVDNLW<DQJ
Mulia Girimananda.

sakit. (3x)
72
73
74
'+$-$**$
3$5,77$
6ƗYDWWKL\DূYLKDUDWL-HWDYDQH
$QƗWKDSL৆ঌLNDVVDƗUƗPH7DWUDNKR%KDJDYƗ
EKLNNKǌƗPDQWHVL%KLNNKDYR¶WL%KDGDQWH¶WLWH
EKLNNKǌ%KDJDYDWRSDFFDVVRVXূ
%KDJDYƗHWDGDYRFD
%KǌWDSXEEDূEKLNNKDYHGHYƗVXUDVDৄJƗPR
VDPǌSDEEǌশKRDKRVL$WKDNKREKLNNKDYH
6DNNRGHYƗQDPLQGRGHYH7ƗYDWLূVHƗPDQWHVL
µ6DFHPƗULVƗGHYƗQDূVDৄJƗPDJDWƗQDূ
XSSDMMH\\DEKD\DূYƗFKDPEKLWDWWDূYƗ
ORPDKDূVRYƗPDPHYDWDVPLূVDPD\H
GKDMDJJDূXOORNH\\ƗWKD0DPDূKLYR
GKDMDJJDূXOORND\DWDূ\DূEKDYLVVDWL
EKD\DূYƗFKDPEKLWDWWDূYƗORPDKDPVRYƗVR
SDKƯ\LVVDWL
1RFHPHGKDMDJJDূXOORNH\\ƗWKDDWKD
3DMƗSDWLVVDGHYDUƗMDVVDGKDMDJJDূ
XOORNH\\ƗWKD3DMƗSDWLVVDKLYRGHYDUƗMDVVD
EKD\DূYƗFKDPEKLWDWWDূYƗORPDKDূVRYƗVR
SDKƯ\LVVDWL
75
1RFHSDMƗSDWLVVDGHYDUƗMDVVDGKDMDJJDূ
XOORNH\\ƗWKDDWKD9DUX৆DVVDGHYDUƗMDVVD
GKDMDJJDূXOORNH\\ƗWKD9DUX৆DVVDKLYR
GHYDUƗMDVVDGKDMDJJDূXOORND\DWDূ\Dূ
EKDYLVVDWLEKD\DূYƗFKDPEKLWDWWDূYƗ
ORPDKDূVRYƗVRSDKƯ\LVVDWL
1RFH9DUX৆DVVDGHYDUƗMDVVDGKDMDJJDূ
XOORNH\\ƗWKDDWKDƮVƗQDVVDGHYDUƗMDVVD
GKDMDJJDূXOORNH\\ƗWKDƮVƗQDVVDKLYR
GHYDUƗMDVVDGKDMDJJDূXOORND\DWDূ\Dূ
ORPDKDূVRYƗVRSDKƯ\LVVDWL
7DূNKRSDQDEKLNNKDYH6DNNDVVDYƗ
GHYƗQDPLQGDVVDGKDMDJJDূXOORND\DWDূ
3DMƗSDWLVVDYƗGHYDUƗMDVVDGKDMDJJDূ
XOORND\DWDূ9DUX৆DVVDYƗGHYDUƗMDVVD
GKDMDJJDূXOORND\DWDূƮVƗQDVVDYƗGHYDUƗMDVVD
EKD\DূYƗFKDPEKLWDWWDূYƗORPDKDূVRYƗVR
SDKƯ\HWKƗSLQR¶SLSDKƯ\HWKDWDূNLVVDKHWX"
6DNNREKLNNKDYHGHYƗQDPLQGRDYƯWDUƗJR
DYƯWDGRVRDYƯWDPRKREKƯUXFFKDPEKƯXWUƗVL
SDOƗ\ƯWL$KDূFDNKREKLNNKDYHHYDূYDGƗPL
6DFHWXPKƗNDূEKLNNKDYHDUDxxDJDWƗQDূYƗ
UXNNKDPǌODJDWƗQDূYƗVXxxƗJƗUDJDWƗQDূYƗ
XSSDMMH\\DEKD\DূYƗFKDPEKLWDWWDূYƗ
76
ORPDKDূVRYƗPDPHYDWDVPLূVDPD\H
DQXVVDUH\\ƗWKD,WL¶SLVR%KDJDYƗDUDKDূ
VDPPƗVDPEXGGKRYLMMƗFDUD৆DVDPSDQQR
VXJDWRORNDYLGǌDQXWWDURSXULVDGDPPDVƗUDWKƯ
0DPDূKLYREKLNNDYHDQXVVDUDWDূ\Dূ
ORPDKDূVRYƗVRSDKƯ\LVVDWL1RFHPDূ
DQXVVDUH\\ƗWKD
$WKD'KDPPDূDQXVVDUH\\ƗWKD6YƗNNKƗWR
%KDJDYDWƗ'KDPPRVDQGL৬৬KLNRDNƗOLNR
HKLSDVVLNRRSDQD\LNRSDFFDWWDূYHGLWDEER
YLxxǌKL¶WL'KDPPDূKLEKLNNKDYH
DQXVVDUDWDূ\DূEKDYLVVDWLEKD\DূYƗ
FKDPEKLWDWWDূYƗORPDKDূVRYƗVRSDKƯ\LVVDWL
1RFH'KDPPDূDQXVVDUH\\ƗWKD
$WKD6DৄJKDূDQXVVDUH\\ƗWKDµ6XSD৬LSDQQR
%KDJDYDWRVƗYDNDVDৄJKRXMXSD৬LSDQQR
%KDJDYDWRVƗYDNDVDৄJKRxƗ\DSD৬LSDQQR
%KDJDYDWRVƗYDNDVDৄJKRVƗPƯFLSD৬LSDQQR
%KDJDYDWRVƗYDNDVDৄJKR\DGLGDূFDWWƗUL
SXULVD\XJƗQLD৬৬KDSXULVDSXJJDOƗHVD
%KDJDYDWRVƗYDNDVDৄJKRƗKXQH\\RSƗKXQH\\R
GDNNKL৆H\\RDxMDOLNDUD৆Ư\RDQXWWDUDূ
SXxxDNNKHWWDূORNDVVƗ¶WL6DৄJKDূKLYR
EKLNNDYHDQXVVDUDWDূ\DূEKDYLVVDWLEKD\Dূ
YƗFKDPEKLWDWWDূYƗORPDKDূVRYƗVR
SDKƯ\LVVDWL7DূNLVDKHWX"
77
7DWKƗJDWREKLNNKDYHDUDKDূVDPPƗ
6DPEXGGKRYƯWDUƗJRYƯWDGRVRYƯWDPRKRDEKƯUX
DFFKDPEKƯDQXWUƗVLDSDOƗ\Ư¶WL,GDPDYRFD
%KDJDYƗ,GDূYDWYƗ6XJDWRDWKƗSDUDূ
HWDGDYRFD6DWWKƗ
$UDxxHUXNNKDPǌOHYƗ
6XxxƗJƗUHYDEKLNNKDYR
$QXVVDUHWKD6DPEXGGKDূ
%KD\DূWXPKƗNDQRVL\Ɨ
1RFH%XGGKDূVDUH\\ƗWKD
/RNDMH৬৬KDূQDUƗVDEKDূ
$WKD'KDPPDূVDUH\\ƗWKD
1Ư\\ƗQLNDূVXGHVLWDূ
1RFH'KDPPDূVDUH\\ƗWKD
1Ư\\ƗQLNDূVXGHVLWDূ
$WKD6DৄJKDূVDUH\\ƗWKD
3XxxDNNKHWDূDQXWWDUDূ
(YDূ%XGGKDূ6DUDQWƗQDূ
'KDPPDূ6DQJKDূFDEKLNNKDYR
%KD\DূYƗFKDPEKLWDWWDূYƗ
/RPDKDূVRQDKHVVDWL¶WL
Etena sacca vajjena sabba bhayo vinassatu

78
THE CREST
OF THE
BANNER

One was living near Savatthi at Jetavana at the
monastery of Anathapindika. Then He addressed the
monks, saying, ‘O monks’. ‘Venerable Sir,’ said the
monks by way of reply to the Blessed One. Thereupon
He spoke as follows:
‘Monks, I shall relate a former incident. There arose
a battle between the Devas (gods) and Asuras. Then
Sakka, the Lord of the devas, addressed the devas of
the Tavatimsa (heaven) thus:
Happy ones, if the devas who have gone to the battle

Ü¨Êè¼ ùÕØ«Ã ¡Ø ÊØãØØÊØʃ ÊØ ÜèėØ ¡ØÊÂ¨«Ø
standing on end, let them behold the crest of my own
banner. If you do so, any fear, terror or hair standing
on end arising in you will pass away.
If you fail to look up to the crest of my banner, look at

the crest of the banner of Pajapati, king of gods. If you
do so, any fear, terror or hair standing on end arising
in you will pass away.
If you fail to look up to the crest of Pajapati, king of
79
P U N C AK
PANJI - PANJI

Sang Bhagava tinggal di Jetavana dekat Savatthi,
di vihara Anathapindika. Pada saat itu Sang Bhagava
EHUNDWDNHSDUDEKLNNKXµSDUD%KLNNKX¶µ<DQJ0XOLD¶
MDZDE SDUD EKLNNKX NHSDGD 6DQJ %KDJDYD /DOX 6DQJ
%KDJDYDEHUELFDUDVHEDJDLEHULNXW
µ3DUD %KLNNKX VD\D PHQJKXEXQJNDQGHQJDQNHMDGLDQ
\DQJ ODOX 7HUMDGLQ\D SHUWHPSXUDQ DQWDUD SDUD 'HZD
GDQ$VXUD/DOX6DNND5DMDGDULSDUDGHZDEHUNDWDNH
SDUDGHZDGLVXUJD7DYDWLPVDVHEDJDLEHULNXW
<DQJ EHUEDKDJLD MLND SDUD GHZD \DQJ SHUJL NH

pertempuran mengalami rasa takut atau teror, atau
PHQGHULWD GHQJDQ UDVD VDQJDW NHWDNXWDQ VDPSDL EXOX
NXGXN EHUGLUL OLKDWODK SXQFDN SDQML EHQGHUDNX -LND
kamu melakukannya, segala rasa takut, teror atau
NHWDNXWDQVDPSDLEXOXNXGXNEHUGLUL\DQJWLPEXOGDODP
dirimu akan lenyap.
-LND NDPX JDJDO PHOLKDW SXQFDN SDQML EHQGHUDNX

OLKDWODKSXQFDNSDQMLEHQGHUD3DMDSDWLUDMDSDUDGHZD
Jika kamu melakukannya, segala rasa takut, teror atau
80
Gods, look at the crest of the banner of Varuna, king of
gods. If you do so, any fear, terror or hair standing on
end arising in you will pass away.
If you fail to look up to the crest of Varuna, king of

gods, look at the crest of the banner of Isana, king of
gods, If you do so, any fear, terror or hair standing on
end arising in you will pass away.
Monks, any fear, teror or hair standing on end arising

in them who look at the crest of the banner of Sakka the
king of the gods, any fear, terror or hair standing on
end, may pass away, or not pass away., the lord of the
gods, of Pajapati the king of the gods, any fear, terror
or hair standing on end, may pass away, or not pass
away … of Varuna …. of Isana, the king of the gods, any
fear, terror or hair standing on end, may pass away, or
not pass away. What is the reason for this?
Because Sakka, the lord of gods, O monks, is not free

from lust, not free from hate, not free from delusion,
Ã«Üã¨Ø¡ÊØ¼«¼ãÊ¡ØʃãØØÊØʃ¡Ø«¢¨ãÃĄ«¢¨ãʈ
I also say unto you O monks –if any fear, terror or hair
standing on end should arise in you when you have
gone to the forest or to the foot of a tree, or to an empty
house (lonely place), then think only of me thus:
Such indeed is the Blessed one, Arahant (Consummate

One), supremely enlightened, endowed with knowledge
and virtue, welcome being, knower of worlds, the
81
NHWDNXWDQVDPSDLEXOXNXGXNEHUGLUL\DQJWLPEXOGDODP
dirimu akan lenyap.
-LNDNDPXJDJDOPHOLKDWSXQFDNSDQMLEHQGHUD3DMDSDWL
UDMD SDUD GHZD OLKDWODK SXQFDN SDQML EHQGHUD9DUXQD
UDMD SDUD GHZD -LND NDPX PHODNXNDQQ\D VHJDOD UDVD
WDNXW WHURU DWDX NHWDNXWDQ VDPSDL EXOX NXGXN EHUGLUL
\DQJWLPEXOGDODPGLULPXDNDQOHQ\DS
-LNDNDPXJDJDOPHOLKDWSXQFDNSDQMLEHQGHUD9DUXQD
UDMDSDUDGHZDOLKDWODKSXQFDNSDQMLEHQGHUD,VDQDUDMD
para dewa. Jika kamu melakukannya, segala rasa takut,
WHURU DWDX NHWDNXWDQ VDPSDL EXOX NXGXN EHUGLUL \DQJ
WLPEXOGDODPGLULPXDNDQOHQ\DS
3DUDEKLNNKXVHJDODUDVDNHWDNXWDQWHURUDWDXVDPSDL
EXOXNXGXNEHUGLUL\DQJWLPEXOGDODPGLULPHUHNDVDDW
PHOLKDW SXQFDN SDQML EHQGHUD 6DNND UDMD SDUD GHZD
VHJDOD UDVD NHWDNXWDQ WHURU DWDX VDPSDL EXOX NXGXN
EHUGLULPXQJNLQDNDQOHQ\DSDWDXMXJDWLGDNOHQ\DS
UDMD SDUD GHZD 3DMDSDWL UDMD SDUD GHZD VHJDOD UDVD
NHWDNXWDQWHURUDWDXVDPSDLEXOXNXGXNEHUGLULPXQJNLQ
DNDQOHQ\DSDWDXMXJDWLGDNOHQ\DS9DUXQD,VDQD
UDMD SDUD GHZD VHJDOD UDVD WDNXW WHURU DWDX NHWDNXWDQ
VDPSDLEXOXNXGXNEHUGLULPXQJNLQDNDQOHQ\DSDWDX
MXJDWLGDNOHQ\DS.HQDSDELVDGHPLNLDQ"
6HEDE 6DNND UDMD SDUD GHZD 2 SDUD EKLNNKX WLGDN

EHEDV GDUL NHVHUDNDKDQ WLGDN EHEDV GDUL NHEHQFLDQ
82
peerless trainer of persons, teacher of gods and men,
the Buddha, the Blessed One. Monks, if you think of
me, any fear, terror, or hair standing on end, that may
arise in you, will pass away.
If you fail to think of me, then think of the Dhamma

(the Doctrine) thus: Well-expounded is the Dhamma
by the Blessed One, a Dhamma to be realized by oneself
and gives immediate results, a Dhamma which invites
investigation and leads up to Nibbana, a Dhamma to
be understood by the wise each for himself. Monks,
if you think of the Dhamma, any fear, terror or hair
standing on end, that may arise in you, will pass away.
If you fail to think of the Dhamma, then think of the

Sangha (the Order) thus: Of good conduct is the Order
of Disciples of the Blessed One, of upright conduct
is the Order of Disciples of the Blessed One, of wise
conduct is the Order of Disciples of the Blessed One,
of dutiful conduct is the Order of Disciples of the
Blessed One. This Order of Disciples of the Blessed
One – namely those four pairs of persons, the eight
¹«ÃÜÊ¡«Ã«ó«è¼Üʡ«ÜôÊØã¨úÊ¡ÊėØ«Ã¢Üʃ«ÜôÊØã¨ú
of hospitality, is worthy of gifts, is worthy of reverential
Ü¼èãã«ÊÃÜʃ«ÜÃ«ÃÊÂÕØ¼ă¼Ê¡ÂØ«ã¡ÊØã¨
world. Monks, if you think of the Sangha, any fear,
terror of hair standing on end, that may arise in you,
will pass away. What is the reason for this?
The Tathagata, O monks, who is Arahant, supremely
83
WLGDN EHEDV GDUL NHERGRKDQ EDWLQ GDQ NDUHQDQ\D
cenderung akan mengalami rasa takut, teror, ketakutan
GDQODUL6D\DMXJDNDWDNDQNHSDGDPX2SDUDEKLNNKX
± MLND VHJDOD UDVD WDNXW WHURU DWDX NHWDNXWDQ VDPSDL
EXOXNXGXNEHUGLUL\DQJEHUNHPEDQJGDODPGLULPXVDDW
NDPXSHUJLNHKXWDQDWDXNHEDZDKNDNLSRKRQDWDXNH
UXPDKNRVRQJWHPSDW\DQJVXQ\LPDNDFXNXSEHUSLNLU
tentang aku seperti ini:
.DUHQD LWXODK 6DQJ %KDJDYƗ VHRUDQJ $UDKDW <DQJ

Sempurna), tercerahkan, Sempurna Pengetahuan serta
7LQGDNWDQGXN1\D <DQJ %HUEDKDJLD 3HQJHWDKX
6HJHQDS $ODP 3HPELPELQJ 0DQXVLD \DQJ 7LDGD
EDQGLQJQ\D *XUX SDUD 'HZD GDQ 0DQXVLD 6DQJ
%XGGKD6DQJ%KDJDYD3DUDEKLNNKXMLNDNDPXEHUSLNLU
tentangku, segala rasa takut, teror atau ketakutan sampai
EXOXNXGXNEHUGLUL\DQJPXQJNLQEHUNHPEDQJGLGDODP
dirimu, akan lenyap.
-LND NDPX JDJDO EHUSLNLU WHQWDQJ GLULNX PDND

SLNLUNDQODK'KDPPD$MDUDQVHSHUWLLQL'KDPPDWHODK
VHPSXUQD GLEDEDUNDQ ROHK 6DQJ %KDJDYD 'KDPPD
GDSDW GLUHDOLVDVL ROHK GLUL VHQGLUL GDQ PHPEHULNDQ
hasil segera, Dhamma mengundang untuk diselidiki
GDQPHQJDUDKNDQNH1LEEDQD'KDPPDGDSDWGLKD\DWL
ROHK SDUD ELMDNVDQD GDODP EDWLQ PDVLQJPDVLQJ 3DUD
EKLNNKX MLND NDPX PHPLNLUNDQ 'KDPPD VHJDOD UDVD
WDNXW WHURU DWDX NHWDNXWDQ VDPSDL EXOX NXGXN EHUGLUL
\DQJ PXQJNLQ EHUNHPEDQJ GL GDODP GLULPX DNDQ
84
enlightened, is free from lust, free from hate, is free
from delusion, and is not liable to fear, terror, fright of
Ą«¢¨ãʈʯZÊÜ«ã¨ ¼ÜÜHÃʈ)ó«Ã¢ã¨èÜÜÕÊ¹Ãʃ
the Teacher, the ‘Welcome Being’ (Sugata), further
said:
1. “Whether in forest or at foot of tree, - Or in some

secluded spot, O monks, Do call to mind that Buddha
Supreme; - then will there be no fear to you at all.
2. If you think not of the Buddha, O monks, - That

Lord of the world and Chief of men, Then do think,
O monks, of that Dhamma; - So well preached and
leading to Nibbana.
3. If you think not of the Dhamma, O monks, - Well

preached and leading to Nibbana, Then do think, O
ÂÊÃ¹ÜʃÊ¡ã¨ãZÃ¢¨ʎʢa¨ãôÊÃØ¡è¼ă¼Ê¡ÂØ«ã
to all.
4. To those recalling the Buddha supreme, - To

those recalling the Dhamma sublime, And to those
recalling the Sangha, - No fear, no terror will make
them quiver.”
fear. (3x)
85
lenyap.
-LNDNDPXJDJDOEHUSLNLUWHQWDQJ'KDPPDSLNLUNDQODK
6DQJKD 3HUVHNXWXDQ VHSHUWL LQL 6DৄJKD VLVZD 6DQJ
%KDJDYƗ WHODK EHUWLQGDN EDLN 6DৄJKD VLVZD 6DQJ
%KDJDYƗ WHODK EHUWLQGDN OXUXV 6DৄJKD VLVZD 6DQJ
%KDJDYƗ WHODK EHUWLQGDN EHQDU 6DৄJKD VLVZD 6DQJ
%KDJDYƗ WHODK EHUWLQGDN SDWXW 0HUHND DGDODK HPSDW
SDVDQJPDNKOXNWHUGLULGDULGHODSDQMHQLVPDNKOXNVXFL
LWXODK 6DৄJKD VLVZD 6DQJ %KDJDYƗ 3DWXW PHQHULPD
SXMDDQ SDWXW PHQHULPD SHUVHPEDKDQ SDWXW PHQHULPD
SHPEHULDQ SDWXW PHQHULPD SHQJKRUPDWDQ ODGDQJ
PHQDQDP MDVD \DQJ WLDGD WDUDQ\D EDJL PDNKlXN GXQLD
3DUDEKLNNKXMLNDNDPXEHUSLNLUWHQWDQJ6DQJKDVHJDOD
UDVDWDNXWWHURUDWDXNHWDNXWDQVDPSDLEXOXNXGXNEHUGLUL
\DQJ EHUNHPEDQJ GL GDODP GLULPX DNDQ OHQ\DS$SD
SHQ\HEDEQ\D"
6DQJ 7DWKDJDWD 2 SDUD EKLNNKX VHRUDQJ $UDKDW

WHUFHUDKNDQ VHPSXUQD WHUEHEDV GDUL NHVHUDNDKDQ
NHEHQFLDQ NHNRWRUDQ EDWLQ GDQ WLGDN PHQJDODPL UDVD
WDNXWWHURUNHWDNXWDQGDULNHVHPEURQRDQ¶'HPLNLDQODK
NDWD 6DQJ %XGGKD 6HWHODK LWX 6DQJ *XUX <DQJ
%HUEDKDJLD6XJDWDODQMXWEHUNDWD
³%DLN GL KXWDQ DWDXSXQ GL EDZDK NDNL SRKRQ

DWDXGLWHPSDWWHUSHQFLO2SDUDEKLNNKXLQJDWODKEDKZD
%XGGKDWHUXQJJXOPDNDWLGDNDNDQDGDNHWDNXWDQODJL
dalam dirimu.
86
87 87
2. Jika kamu tidak memikirkan Buddha, O para
EKLNNKX5DMDGXQLDGDQ3HPLPSLQSDUDPDQXVLDODOX
SLNLUNDQODK 2 SDUD EKLNNKX 'KDPPD EHJLWX EDLN
GLEDEDUNDQGDQPHQJDUDKNH1LEEDQD
3. Jika kamu tidak memikirkan Dhamma, O para

EKLNNKX±\DQJEHJLWXEDLNGLEDEDUNDQGDQPHQJDUDK
NH1LEEDQDPDNDSLNLUNDQODK2SDUDEKLNNKX6DQJKD
±ODSDQJDQPHQDQDPMDVD\DQJWLDGDWDUDEDJLVHPXD
%DJL\DQJPHQJLQJDWNHPEDOLNHXQJJXODQ%XGGKD
EDJL\DQJPHQJLQJDWNHPEDOLNHOXKXUDQ'KDPPDGDQ
EDJL\DQJPHQJLQJDWNHPEDOL6DQJKD±WLDGDNHWDNXWDQ
WLDGDWHUURU\DQJDNDQPHPEXDWPHUHNDJHPHWDU¶
%HUNDWSHUQ\DWDDQNHEHQDUDQLQLVHPRJDNDPXWHUEHEDVGDULUDVD
takut. (3x)
88
89
90
91
-,1$3$f-$5$
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Dhammo ca tava locane
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92
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Nisinno sirisampanno
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94
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95
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visesato
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96
THE BUDDHA’S
M AN S I O N
1. The Heroes, having defeated the Evil One together

with his army, mounted the seat of victory. These
leaders of men have drunk the nectar of the Four
Truths.
2. May all the twenty-eight chief Buddhas, such as

Buddha Tanhamkara and other noble sages, rest on
your head.
3. May the Buddhas rest on your head, the Dhamma

on your eyes, and the Sangha, the abode of all virtues,
on you shoulders.
4. May Anuruddha rest on your heart, Sariputta on

your right, Kondanna on your back, and Moggallana
on your left.
5. On your right ear are Ananda and Rahula, on your

left ear are Kassapa and Mahanama.
6. On your back at the end of your hair sits the glorious

sage Sobhita who is radiant like the sun
ɀʈa¨ĄèÃãÜÕ¹ØqÃʈ9èÂØ9ÜÜÕʃã¨Ê
of virtues, ever rest in your mouth.
97
I S TANA
BUDDHA
3DUD3DKODZDQVHWHODKPHQJDODKNDQ.HMDKDWDQEHUVDPD
dengan pasukannya, menduduki kursi kemenangan. Para
pemimpin manusia ini telah meminum sari pati Empat
.HEHQDUDQ0XOLD
6HPRJDNHGXDSXOXKGHODSDQ%XGGKDVHSHUWL%XGGKD
7DQKDPNDUD GDQ VXFLZDQ ODLQQ\D EHUVHPD\DP GL
kepalamu.
6HPRJD SDUD %XGGKD EHUVHPD\DP GL NHSDODPX

'KDPPDGLPDWDPXGDQ6DQJKDWHPSDWEHUEXDWVHPXD
MDVDNHEDMLNDQGLEDKXPX
6HPRJD$QXUXGGKDEHUVHPD\DPGLKDWLPX6DULSXWWDGL
VLVLNDQDQPX.RQGDQQDGLEHODNDQJPXGDQ0RJJDOODQD
di sisi kirimu.
5. Di telinga kananmu ada Ananda dan Rahula, di telinga

kirimu ada Kassapa dan Mahanama.
'L EHODNDQJ XMXQJXMXQJ UDPEXWPX EHUWDKWD GHQJDQ

DJXQJQ\D6REKLWD\DQJEHUVLQDUFHPHUODQJODNVDQDVDQJ
surya.
3HQJNRWEDK\DQJSDQGDL<DQJ$UL\D.XPDUD.DVVDSD
VXPEHUNHEDMLNDQEHUVHPD\DPGLPXOXWPX
98
Ɂʈ HÃ úÊèØ ¡ÊØ¨ ¼«¹ ã«¼¹Üʃ Ø ã¨ ăó BÊ¼
Elders Punna, Angulimala, Upali, Nanda and Sivali.
9. The other eighty Theras (Noble Elders), the victorious

disciples of the conqueror, shining in the glory of their
virtues, rest on the other parts of your body.
10. The Jewel Discourse is in your front, on your right

is the Discourse of loving-kindness, the Dhajagga
(Banner Discourse) is on your back, on your left is the
Angulimala Discourse.
11. The protective Discourse Khanda, Mora and

Atanatiya are like the heavenly vault. The others are
like a rampart around you.
12. Ever engaged in four duties do you dwell in the

è¨ AÃÜ«ÊÃʃ ¡ÊØã«ă ô«ã¨ ã¨ ÊÂÂÃ«Ã¢
power of the Buddha, and decked by the wall of the
Dhamma.
Ⱥȼʈ ú ã¨ ÕÊôØ Ê¡ ã¨«Ø «ÃăÃ«ã ó«ØãèÜʃ Âú ¼¼

internal and external troubles caused by wind, bile,
etc., come to naught without exception.
14. May all those great personages ever protect you

who are dwelling in the centre of the Buddha Mansion
on this earth.
15. Protecting yourself thus in every way, overcoming

all troubles by the power of the Conqueror, may you,
99
%HUVHPD\DPGLGDKLPXEDJDLNDQ7LODNDNHOLPD7KHUD
0XOLD3XQQD$QJXOLPDOD8SDOL1DQGDGDQ6LYDOL
'HODSDQSXOXK0DKDWKHUD0XOLDODLQQ\DPXULGPXULG
SHPHQDQJGDULVDQJSHQDNOXNEHUVLQDUGDODPNHPXOLDDQ
NHEDMLNDQ PHUHND EHUVHPD\DP GL EDJLDQEDJLDQ ODLQ
WXEXKPX
10. Sutta Permata (Ratana Sutta) ada di hadapanmu,

GL VHEHODK NDQDQPX 6XWWD &LQWD .DVLK 0HWWD 6XWWD
'KDMDJJD6XWWDSHPEDEDUDQSDQMLEHUDGDGLEHODNDQJPX
di sisi kirimu ada Angulimala Sutta.
11. Paritta perlindungan Khanda , Mora dan Atanatiya

EDJDLNDQNXEDKVXUJDZL<DQJODLQQ\DEDJDLNDQEHQWHQJ
yang mengelilingimu.
6HQDQWLDVDWHUOLEDWGDODPHPSDWNHZDMLEDQPXWLQJJDO
GL LVWDQD %XGGKD GLSHUNXDW GHQJDQ NHNXDWDQ ZLEDZD
Sang Buddha, dan dihiasi dengan dinding Dhamma.
'HQJDQNHNXDWDQNHEDMLNDQPHUHND\DQJWDNWHUEDWDV
VHPRJDVHPXDNHVXNDUDQNHVXNDUDQGDULGDODPGDQOXDU
\DQJGLVHEDENDQROHKDQJLQSHUDVDDQNHVDOGDQODLQQ\D
lenyap tanpa pengecualian.
6HPRJD VHPXD PDNKOXNPDNKOXN DJXQJ VHQDQWLDVD

PHOLQGXQJLPX\DQJEHUGLDPGLWHQJDKLVWDQD%XGGKDGL
dunia ini.
15. Melindungi dirimu sedemikian rupa dengan segala
100
by the grace of the Buddha, defeat the hostile army of
passions and live guarded by the sublime Dhamma.
16. Protecting yourself thus in every way, overcoming

all troubles by the power of the Conqueror, may you,
by the grace of the Dhamma, defeat the hostile army
of passions and live guarded by the sublime Dhamma!
17. Protecting yourself thus in everyway, overcoming

all troubles by the power of the Conqueror, may you ,
by the grace of the Sangha, defeat the hostile army of
passions and live guarded by the sublime Dhamma!
18. You are surrounded by the rampart of the

sublime Dhamma. The Eight Aryans are in the
eight directions. The eight benefactors are in the
intermediate directions. The Buddhas stand like a
canopy above you.
19. The Buddha who sat at the foot of the Bodhi Tree and
defeated the army of the Evil One, stands on your head.
The Venerable Moggallana is on your left shoulder and
the Venerable Sariputta is on your right shoulder. The
Dhamma dwells in your heart’s core. The Bodhisatta,
who was born a peacock and who shines as the sole
Benefactor of the world, shields your feet.
20. All ill-luck, misfortunes, ill-omens, diseases,

ó«¼ Õ¼ÃãØú «ÃĄèÃÜʃ ¼Âʃ Ã¢ØÜʃ ¡ØÜʃ
undesirable dreams; may they all come to naught by
the power of the noble Buddha.
101
cara, mengatasi semua kesukaran atas kekuatan Sang
Penakluk, semoga kamu, dengan Berkah Buddha, dapat
PHQJDODKNDQ EDOD WHQWDUD PXVXK GDUL QDIVX LQGUL\D GDQ
KLGXSWHUMDJDROHK'KDPPD\DQJJHPLODQJ

cara, mengatasi segala kesukaran dengan kekuatan
6DQJ3HQDNOXNVHPRJDNDPXGHQJDQEHUNDK'KDPPD
KLGXSWHUMDJDGHQJDQ'KDPPD\DQJJHPLODQJ

cara, mengatasi segala kesukaran dengan kekuatan
6DQJ 3HQDNOXN VHPRJD NDPX GHQJDQ EHUNDK 6DQJKD
KLGXSWHUMDJDGHQJDQ'KDPPD\DQJJHPLODQJ
.DPXGLNHOLOLQJLROHKEHQWHQJ'KDPPD\DQJJHPLODQJ
'HODSDQ0DNKOXN6XFLEHUDGDGLGHODSDQSHQMXUX'HODSDQ
ELMDNVDQDZDQGLSHQMXUXPHQHQJDK3DUD%XGGKDEHUGLUL
LEDUDWDWDSGLDWDVPX
6DQJ%XGGKD\DQJGXGXNGLEDZDKNDNLSRKRQ%RGKL
GDQ PHQJDODKNDQ SDVXNDQ NHMDKDWDQ EHUGLUL GL DWDV
NHSDODPX<DQJ0XOLD0RJJDOODQDGLEDKXVHEHODKNLULPX
GDQ <DQJ 0XOLD 6DULSXWWD GL EDKX VHEHODK NDQDQPX
'KDPPD EHUGLDP GDODP LQWL KDWLPX 6DQJ %RGKLVDWWD
\DQJ WHUODKLU VHEDJDL VHHNRU EXUXQJ PHUDN GDQ \DQJ
EHUFDKD\DVHEDJDLRUDQJELMDN\DQJSDOLQJXWDPDGLGXQLD
ini, melindungi kakimu.
6HPXDNHVLDODQNHPDODQJDQSHWDQGDEXUXNSHQ\DNLW
SHQJDUXK SHUHGDUDQ SODQHW EXUXN FHODDQ EDKD\D UDVD
102
the power of the noble Dhamma.

the power of the noble Sangha.
Demons, gods, Brahmas of all the world systems,

please accept all the merit performed by us leading
to all the treasures. Protect well the Dispensation
perpetually and diligently.
Aúã¨ôÊØ¼Ãã¨«ÜÕÃÜã«ÊÃĄÊèØ«Ü¨¼ôúÜʃ
and may gods protect the world and the Dispensation
always. May you be well and happy along with your
retinue. May you be sorrowless and pleasant in mind,
along with your kith and kin.
Please protect us from kings, from thieves, from

¨èÂÃÜʃ ¡ØÊÂ ÃÊÃʢ¨èÂÃÜʃ ¡ØÊÂ ăØʃ ¡ØÊÂ ôãØʃ
from evil spirits, from spikes, from thorns, from
bad stars, from epidemic diseases, from injustice,
from misbeliefs, from wicked people, from ferocious
elephants, horses, bulls, beasts, dogs, serpents,
scorpions, from blue snakes, from black bears, white
ØÜʃ ¡ØÊÂ ÊØÜʃ ¡ØÊÂ ô«¼ èė¼ÊÜʃ ÂÊÃÜʃ
from devils, from all kinds of menaces, from various
diseases, and from various dangers.
103
WDNXW PLPSL EXUXN VHPRJD VHPXDQ\D OHQ\DS ROHK
kekuatan Sang Buddha yang mulia.
WDNXWPLPSLEXUXNVHPRJDVHPXDQ\DOHQ\DS
oleh kekuatan Dhamma yang mulia.
WDNXWPLPSLEXUXNVHPRJDVHPXDQ\DOHQ\DS
oleh kekuatan Sangha yang mulia.
Para makhluk halus, dewa, Brahma dari semua sistem

GXQLDWHULPDODKVHJDODNHEDMLNDQ\DQJNDPLODNXNDQ\DQJ
PHQJDUDKNDQ NH VHPXD KDUWD /LQGXQJLODK $MDUDQ WHUXV
menerus dengan tekun.
6HPRJDGXQLDGDQ$MDUDQVHODOXEHUNHPEDQJGDQVHPRJD
SDUDGHZDVHODOXPHOLQGXQJLGXQLDGDQ$MDUDQLQL6HPRJD
NDPXVHKDWGDQEHUEDKDJLDEHUVDPDGHQJDQNRPXQLWDVPX
6HPRJD SLNLUDQPX EHUEDKDJLD GDQ Q\DPDQ EHUVDPD
dengan sanak keluargamu.
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104
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JAYA
3$5,77$
Siridhitimati tejo jayasiddhi mahiddhi

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108
THE PROTECTIVE CHANT OF
V I C T O RY
The Blessed One, the Supremely Enlightened Buddha,

possesses the power to bring about happiness, wisdom,
mindfulness, glory and victory. He is the prossessor of
endless virtues and merit, and is capable of averting
all dangers.
Due to the power of His thirty-two personality

characteristics, due to the power of His eight subsidiary
symbols, one-hundred-and-eight auspicious signs,
due to the power of His six-fold rays, due to the power
of His halos, due to the power of His ten perfections,
due to the power of His ten subsidiary perfections, due
to the power of His ten absolute perfections, due to His
moral power, His power of meditative concentration,
Due to the power of His wisdom, due to the power of

the Buddha hood, the Dhamma and the Sangha, due
to the power of His glory, due to the power of His
Â«Øè¼ÊèÜ Ĝúʃ è ãÊ ã¨ ÕÊôØ Ê¡ )«Ü ó«¢ÊèØʃ
due to the power of His knowledge, due to the power
of the eighty-four-thousand-fold Teachings, due to
the power of His nine transcendental Dhamma, due
to the power of the Eight-fold Noble Path, due to the
power of the eight psychic achievements, due to the
109
PARITTA PERLINDUNGAN TENTANG
K E M E NAN G AN
Sang Bhagava, Buddha yang tercerahkan sempurna,

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NHELMDNVDQDDQ SHUKDWLDQ NHMD\DDQ GDQ NHPHQDQJDQ
Sang Bhagava merupakan pelaksana utama segala
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1\D NDUHQD NHNXDWDQ OLQJNDUDQ FDKD\D 1\D NDUHQD
NHNXDWDQ VHSXOXK NHVHPSXUQDDQ 1\D NDUHQD NHNXDWDQ
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1\D
.DUHQD NHNXDWDQ NHELMDNVDQDDQ 1\D NDUHQD NHNXDWDQ

kualitas Buddha, Dhamma, dan Sangha, karena kekuatan
NHMD\DDQ 1\D NDUHQD NHNXDWDQ NHEHUKDVLODQ1\D \DQJ
PHQDNMXENDQ NDUHQD NHNXDWDQ VHPDQJDW 1\D NDUHQD
NHNXDWDQ SHQJHWDKXDQ 1\D NDUHQD NHNXDWDQ GHODSDQ
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Dhamma yang dalam, karena kekuatan Jalan Mulia
Berunsur Delapan, karena kekuatan delapan pencapaian
110
power of His six higher knowledge, due to the power
of His compassion, His kindness, due to the power of
His altruistic joy, due to the power of His equanimity,
due to the power of the Three Gems, may all your
sicknesses, sorrows, troubles, griefs and despairs, be
Ø«ãʈAú¼¼úÊèØùÕãã«ÊÃÜ¡è¼ă¼¼ʈAú
you live a hundred years.
May these gods and deities who protect skies,

mountains, forests, lakes, rivers, seas and oceans
protect you and me. Due to the power of all the
Buddhas, all the Dhammas, all the Sanghas, due to the
power of the Three gems, the Buddha, Dhamma and
Sangha, due to the power of eighty-four-thousand-
fold Teaching, due to the power of the Three Baskets,
due to the power of the Buddha’s disciples, may all
the diseases, all the dangers, all the menaces, all the
«ÃèÜÕ««ÊèÜ «ÃĄèÃÜʃ ¼¼ ó«¼ óÃãÜ Ê¡ úÊèØÜ
eradicated.
May you live long. May your wealth increase. May your
happiness increase. May your glory increase. May
your power increase. May your complexion be bright.
May your comfort increase. May your sorrow, your
illnesses, your hate, your despair, your dangers, your
menaces get eradicated.
Aú úÊèØ ó«ãÊØúʃ ô¼ã¨ʃ ÕØÊăãʃ ¨ÕÕ«ÃÜÜʃ ÕÊôØʃ

glory, complexion, possessions thrive. May you be
glorious. May your life increase to hundred years.
111
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Permata, semoga semua sakitmu, kesedihan, kesukaran,
kedukaan dan putus asa, musnah. Semoga segala
harapanmu terpenuhi. Semoga kamu hidup seratus tahun.
Semoga para dewa dan dewi yang melindungi angkasa,

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lautan, samudra melindungimu dan saya. Karena kekuatan
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kekuatan Tiga Permata, Buddha, Dhamma dan Sangha,
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kenyamananmu meningkat. Semoga kesedihan, sakit,
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lenyap.
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STANZAS OF
G R E AT J OYO U S
V I C T O RY
1. The Protector full of compasion,

¡ÊØã¨ÃăãÊ¡¼¼¼«ó«Ã¢«Ã¢Üʈ
Having completed all the perfections has
reached the most noble supreme enlightenment.
On account of that word of truth
may there be joyous victory to you.
2. The Increaser of joy to the Sakyas

conquered Mara at the foot of the Bodhi Tree.
Thus may there be victory to you.
May there be joyous victory to you.
3. Having respected the jewel of the Buddha,

the best and noblest medicine,
the benefactor of devas and human beings,
through the blessing of the power of the
è¨ʃÂú¼¼úÊèØÂ«Ü¡ÊØãèÃÜÃè¼¼«ă
ÃúÊèØÜèėØ«Ã¢«ÜÕ¼¼ʈ
4. Having respected the jewel of the Dhamma

the best and the noblest medicine,
The alleviator of distress,
through the blessing of the power of the
¨ÂÂʃÂú¼¼úÊèØÂ«Ü¡ÊØãèÃÜÃè¼¼«ă
And your fears dispelled.
119
BAIT KEMENANGAN BESAR
YANG
MENGGEMBIRAKAN
1. Pelindung yang penuh welas asih,

demi manfaat semua makhluk.
Setelah terlengkapinya semua kesempurnaan
Telah mencapai pencerahan sempurna yang paling mulia.
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Dengan demikian semoga kemenangan ada padamu.
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3. Setelah menghormati permata Buddha,

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4. Setelah menghormati permata Dhamma,

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Dan segala ketakutanmu terhalau.
120
5. Having respected the jewel of the Sangha,
the best and the noblest medicine, worthy of
gifts and worthy of hospitality, through the
blessing of the power of the Sangha,
Âú¼¼úÊèØÂ«Ü¡ÊØãèÃÜÃè¼¼«ăʃ
may your maladies be eradicated.
6. Whatever jewel there is in the world (which)

is seen separately in diverse ways, there is no
jewel equal to the Buddha. Therefore may there
be a blessing to you.

is seen separately in diverse ways,
there is no jewel equal to the Dhamma.
Therefore may there be a blessing to you.

is seen separately in diverse ways,
there is no jewel equal to the Sangha.
Therefore may there be a blessing to you.
9. I have no other refuge,

the Buddha is my highest refuge;
On account of that truth,
may there be a joyous victory to you.

the Dhamma is my highest refuge;
121
5. Setelah menghormati permata Sangha,
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suguhan,
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semoga segala penyakitmu musnah.
6. Mustika apapun yang ada di dunia ini (yang)

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setara dengan mustika Buddha.
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setara dengan mustika Dhamma.

setara dengan mustika Sangha.
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122
the Sangha is my highest refuge;
12. May all calamities be avoided;

may all illness be destroyed,
May there be no dangers to you,
may you be a live long.
13. May all victories be to you,

may all the deities protect you;
Through the power of all the Buddhas
may there be happiness always to you.
14. May all victories be to you

Through the power of all the Dhamma
15. May all victories be to you

Through the power of all the Sangha
16. Through the power of this protection,

may misfortunes caused by asterisms,
demons be allayed, warding
Êėã¨«ÃĄèÃÜÊ¡ó«¼Õ¼ÃãÜʈ
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12. Semoga semua malapetaka terhindari,

Semoga semua penyakit termusnahkan.
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13. Semoga semua kemenangan ada padamu,

Semoga semua dewa melindungimu;
Dengan kekuatan semua Buddha
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14. Semoga semua kemenangan ada padamu

Dengan kekuatan semua Dhamma
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15. Semoga semua kemenangan ada padamu

Dengan kekuatan semua Sangha
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16. Melalui kekuatan perlindungan ini,

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S H AR I N G O F M E R I T S
WITH OTHERS
1. The merit accumulated by venerating

the Noble Triple Gem in this manner
is enormous. By the power of this
may my dangers come to an end.
2. May my virtuous Teachers,

helpful Guardians,
my dear Mother and Father, share
the merits accrued by this meritorious deed.
3. Suriya and Candima Kings (the Devas of Sun

and Moon), all virtuous humans, Brahmas,
Devas, Marasa and Indras (Tavatimsa Devas)
The world protecting Devas, share these merits.
4. Yama (Devas of the under-world),

¨èÂÃÜʃ¡Ø«ÃÜʃ«Ã«ėØÃãÊÃÜʃ
enemies too, may all beings be happy,
sharing my merits.
5. May the Triple happiness be attained (now,

¡ãØã¨ÃăÃ¼¼úB«ÃʜÜÊÊÃʃÂú¼¼
gain release from evil, by this meritoritous deed
and through this sharing.
131
B E R BAG I JA SA
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EDJLNDQNHEDMLNDQLQL
6HPRJD7LJD.HEDKDJLDDQWHUFDSDLVHJHUD
VHNDUDQJVHWHODKNHPDWLDQGDQDNKLUQ\D1LEEDQD
132
6. Soon indeed, may I attain to the good,
ãÊèãã«Ã¢ÊėØó«Ã¢ʃãã¨ÂÃãÃ¼¼ã¨ã
«Ü¼Êô«Ãã¨«ÜĄèùÊ¡«Ã¢ʃ
while striving for my deliverance.
7. May such evils everywhere be destroyed, as

one reappears, existence after existence, may
there be the upright mind, thoughful wisdom,
purity and energy.
ɁʈAúó«¼ÜʛÕØÜÊÃ«ăÜAØÜʜÃóØ
approach me, through the power of my action,
and energy, through such power as the
Buddha’s Dhamma lofty supreme.
9. The Lordly-lone Buddhas,

any of highest Lords of the Ariya Sangha,
óÃèÃãÊÂúăÃ¼«Øã¨ʈ
May evils never approach me.
10. May all beings inhabiting space and earth

Devas and Nagas of mighty power
having shared this merit
long protect the Dispensation.

long protect the Teachings.
133
VHPRJDVHPXDWHUEHEDVGDULNHMDKDWDQGHQJDQ
SHUEXDWDQEDLNLQLGDQPHODOXLMDVDLQL
6HJHUD VHPRJD DNX PHQFDSDL NHEDLNDQ XQWXN

memotong nafsu, kemelekatan dan semua yang rendah
GL DOLUDQ SHUZXMXGDQ LQL VHSDQMDQJ SHUMXDQJDQ XQWXN
NHEHEDVDQNX
6HPRJDNHMDKDWDQGLPDQDSXQPXVQDK
VHMDNNHPXQFXODQNHPEDOLGDULNHKLGXSDQNHNHKLGXSDQ
VHPRJDPXQFXOSLNLUDQ\DQJNRNRKNHELMDNVDQDDQ
kemurnian dan semangat.
6HPRJDNHMDKDWDQWLGDNSHUQDK
mendekatiku, melalui kekuatan tindakanku,
dan semangat, melalui kekuatan tertinggi
seperti Buddha Dhamma.
9. Sang Buddha yang teragung,

Semua Sangha yang teragung,
EDKNDQVDPSDLNHODKLUDQNX\DQJWHUDNKLU
6HPRJDNHMDKDWDQWLGDNSHUQDKPHQGHNDWLNX
3DUD 'HZD \DQJ EHUVHPD\DP GL DQJNDVD GDQ GL

EXPL
MXJDSDUD1DJDPHUHND\DQJEHUNHNXDWDQSHUNDVD
VHWHODKWXUXWEHUVXNDFLWDDWDVMDVDLQL
VHPRJDVHODOXPHOLQGXQJL$MDUDQ
134
long protect me and others.
13. May the Rain-gods give timely rains,-

So that the harvest may be rich
May the world be properous
May the state government be righeous!
14. If by deed, speech or thought,

heedlessly I have done aught wrong,
forgive me, O Master!
O Victor Greatly Wise!
135
EXPL
VHPRJDVHODOXPHOLQGXQJLSHPEDEDUDQ'KDPPD

EXPL
semoga selalu melindungi semuanya.
6HPRJDKXMDQWXUXQPHQXUXWZDNWXQ\D
6HPRJDWDQDPDQWXPEXKGHQJDQVXEXU
6HPRJDGXQLDPHQMDGLPDNPXU
'DQVHPRJDSHPHULQWDKEHUWLQGDNEHQDU
14. Jika dengan tindakan, ucapan ataupun pikiran,

VHFDUDWDNVHQJDMDDNXWHODKPHODNXNDQNHVDODKDQ
PDDINDQDNX2*XUX
23HPHQDQJ<DQJ6DQJDW%LMDNVDQD
136
Suplement / Lampiran Tambahan
Book Discussion of
Blessings to Conquer Sickness
(in Indonesian)
Bedah Buku
Blessings to Conquer Sickness
137
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WĞŵďĂĐĂĂŶƉĂƌŝƚƚĂƚŝĚĂŬŵĞŶŐŐĂŶƚŝŬĂŶƉĞƌĂŶŬĞĚŽŬƚĞƌĂŶ͘
<ĂƌĞŶĂ ŬĞĚŽŬƚĞƌĂŶ ŵĞŵŝůŝŬŝ ƉĞƌĂŶ ŬŚƵƐƵƐ ǇĂŶŐ ƐĞĐĂƌĂ
ŝůŵŝĂŚ ĚĂƉĂƚ ŵĞŵďĂŶƚƵ ŬĞƐĞŵďƵŚĂŶ ƉĞŶǇĂŬŝƚ ƚĞƌƚĞŶƚƵ͘
dĞƌĚĂƉĂƚ ďĂŶǇĂŬ ŬŽŶĚŝƐŝ ǇĂŶŐ ŵĞŵĞŶŐĂƌƵŚŝ ŬĞƐĞŚĂƚĂŶ
ĚĂŶŬĞƐĞŵďƵŚĂŶƐĞƐĞŽƌĂŶŐĚĂƌŝƉĞŶǇĂŬŝƚ͘
<ĞƚŝŬĂ ƐĂŬŝƚ͕ ǁĂůĂƵƉƵŶ ƐƵĚĂŚ ŬĞ ĚŽŬƚĞƌ͕ ƵŵĂƚ ƵĚĚŚĂ
ƵŵƵŵŶǇĂƚĞƚĂƉŵĞůĂŬƵŬĂŶ͞ĚŽĂ͘͟ƉĂůĂŐŝŬĂůĂƵŬĂƐƵƐŶǇĂ
ƐƵĚĂŚ ƐĂŶŐĂƚ ďĞƌĂƚ͕ ǇĂŶŐ ƐĞƌŝŶŐ ĚŝƐĞďƵƚ ĚĂƌŝ ͞ƚŝĚĂŬ
ŵƵŶŐŬŝŶ͟ ƐĞŵŽŐĂ ŵĞŶũĂĚŝ ͞ŵƵŶŐŬŝŶ͕͟ ďĞŐŝƚƵůĂŚ ǇĂŶŐ
ĚŝŚĂƌĂƉŬĂŶ͘ hŵƵŵŶǇĂ ŵĂŶƵƐŝĂ ďĞƌĚŽĂ ďƵŬĂŶ ƐĂũĂ ŬĞƚŝŬĂ
ƐĂŬŝƚ͕ŶĂŵƵŶũƵŐĂƐĞƌŝŶŐĚŝůĂŬƵŬĂŶƵŶƚƵŬŵĞŶŽůĂŬďĂŚĂǇĂ͕
ŵĞŶŐĂƚĂƐŝŬĞƚĂŬƵƚĂŶ͕ĚĂŶůĂŝŶͲůĂŝŶ͘
WĂƌŝƚƚĂ ďĞƌĂƌƚŝ ƉĞƌůŝŶĚƵŶŐĂŶ͘ DĂŬƐƵĚŶǇĂ ŵĞƌĞŬĂ ǇĂŶŐ
ŵĞŵďĂĐĂŬĂŶ ŬĂƚĂͲŬĂƚĂ WĂƌŝƚƚĂ ;ƉĞƌůŝŶĚƵŶŐĂŶͿ ĚĂŶ
ŵĞůĂŬƐĂŶĂŬĂŶŶǇĂ ĚĞŶŐĂŶ ďĂŝŬ͕ ŵĂŬĂ ŚĂƐŝů ĚĂƌŝ ƉƌĂŬƚŝŬ
ŬĞďĂŝŬĂŶŶǇĂ ŝƚƵ ĂŬĂŶ ďĞƌƉĞŶŐĂƌƵŚ ƉŽƐŝƚŝĨ ƚĞƌŚĂĚĂƉ ǇĂŶŐ
ŵĞŵďĂĐĂŬĂŶ͕ ĚĂŶ ũƵŐĂ ŵĞŵĞŶŐĂƌƵŚŝ ŵĂŬŚůƵŬͲŵĂŬŚůƵŬ
ƐĞŬŝƚĂƌŶǇĂ͘ WĂƌŝƚƚĂ ŝŶŝ ďŝƐĂ ƐĂũĂ ĚĂůĂŵ ďĞŶƚƵŬ ŬŚŽƚďĂŚ
ƵĚĚŚĂ͕ ĂƚĂƵ 'ĂƚŚĂ ;ƐǇĂŝƌͿ͕ ĂƚĂƵ ƉĞƚŝŬĂŶ ŬĂƚĂ ǇĂŶŐ
ƉĞŶƚŝŶŐ Ěŝ ĚĂůĂŵ dŝƉŝƚĂŬĂ͘ WĂƌŝƚƚĂ ŵĞŵŝůŝŬŝ ŵĂŬŶĂ
ƚĞƌƚĞŶƚƵ͕ŬĂƌĞŶĂŝƚƵŬŚŽƚďĂŚ͕ƉĞƚŝŬĂŶ͕ŐĂƚŚĂǇĂŶŐďĞƌĂƐĂů
ĚĂƌŝ dŝƉŝƚĂŬĂ ǇĂŶŐ ĚŝďĂĐĂŬĂŶ ƵůĂŶŐ͕ ŝƐŝŶǇĂ ŵĞƌƵƉĂŬĂŶ
ƐƵĂƚƵ ŬĞďĞŶĂƌĂŶ ǇĂŶŐ ŵĞŵŝůŝŬŝ Ăƌƚŝ ĂƚĂƵ ŵĂŬŶĂ ƐĞƐƵĂŝ
ŬŽŶƚĞŬƐŶǇĂ͘
138
^ĞũĂŬůĂŵĂĚŝŬĞŶĂůŽũũŚĂŶŐĂWĂƌŝƚƚĂǇĂŶŐĚŝďĂĐĂŬĂŶŽůĞŚ
hŵĂƚ ƵĚĚŚĂ ŬĞƚŝŬĂ ŝĂ ƐĂŬŝƚ͘ ŽũũŚĂŶŐĂ WĂƌŝƚƚĂ Ěŝ ĚĂůĂŵ
ďƵŬƵ ƉĂƌŝƚƚĂ ďĞƌŝƐŝ ƌŝŶŐŬĂƐĂŶ͕ ƚĞƌĚŝƌŝ ĚĂƌŝ ϳ ĨĂŬƚŽƌ
ŚĂŵŵĂ͕ ǇĂŝƚƵ͗ WĞƌŚĂƚŝĂŶ͕ ƉĞŶǇĞůŝĚŝŬĂŶ ŚĂŵŵĂ͕
ƐĞŵĂŶŐĂƚ ͬ ĚĂǇĂ ƚĂŚĂŶ ͬ ĞŶĞƌŐŝ͕ ŬĞŐŝƵƌĂŶ͕ ŬĞŐĞŵďŝƌĂĂŶ͕
ŬĞƚĞŶĂŶŐĂŶ ďĂƚŝŶ͕ ŬŽŶƐĞŶƚƌĂƐŝ ĚĂŶ ŬĞƐĞŝŵďĂŶŐĂŶ ďĂƚŝŶ͘
^ĞďĂŐŝĂŶ ĚĂƌŝ ŵĞƌĞŬĂ ŵĞǇĂŬŝŶŝ ĂĚĂ ŚƵďƵŶŐĂŶ ĂŶƚĂƌĂ
ƉĞŵďĂĐĂĂŶ ƉĂƌŝƚƚĂ ŝŶŝ͕ ƚĞƌƵƚĂŵĂ ŽũũŚĂŶŐĂ ƉĂƌŝƚƚĂ͕
ĚĞŶŐĂŶ ŬĞƐĞŵďƵŚĂŶ ƐĞƐĞŽƌĂŶŐ ĚĂƌŝ ƉĞŶǇĂŬŝƚ͘ ĞďĞƌĂƉĂ
ĨĞŶŽŵĞŶĂĚŝďĂǁĂŚŝŶŝƉĞƌůƵĚŝƉĞƌŚĂƚŝŬĂŶŽůĞŚƉĞŵďĂĐĂ͕
ďĂŚǁĂ ƉĞŶǇĂŬŝƚ ĚĂƉĂƚ ƚĞƌũĂĚŝ ĚĂƌŝ ďĞďĞƌĂƉĂ ŬŽŶĚŝƐŝ
ƉĞŶǇĞďĂď͗
ϭ͘ WĞŶǇĂŬŝƚ ĨŝƐŝŬ͕ ĐŽŶƚŽŚ͗ ďĞŶƚƌŽŬĂŶ ĨŝƐŝŬ͕ ŵŝƐĂůŶǇĂ
ƚƵůĂŶŐŬĞƚĞŵƵƚƵůĂŶŐ͕ƚƵůĂŶŐŬĞƚĞŵƵŬĂǇƵ͕ŵĞŶũĂĚŝ
ƉĂƚĂŚ ĂƚĂƵ ŵĞŵĂƌ ĂƚĂƵ ůƵŬĂ ĂƚĂƵ ƐĂŬŝƚ͘ DĞŵďĂĐĂ
ƉĂƌŝƚƚĂ ĂŐĂƌ ƉĂƚĂŚ ƚƵůĂŶŐ ĂƚĂƵ ŵĞŵĂƌŶǇĂ ŚŝůĂŶŐ
ƚŝĚĂŬďŝƐĂ͕ŚĂƌƵƐŬĞĚŽŬƚĞƌƚƵůĂŶŐĂƚĂƵŽƚŽƚ͘
Ϯ͘ WĞŶǇĂŬŝƚƚĞƌŬĞŶĂďĂŬƚĞƌŝ͕ĚŝďĂĐĂŬĂŶĂƉĂƉƵŶ͕ďĂŬƚĞƌŝŶǇĂ
ŵĂƐŝŚ ĂĚĂ ĚŝƐŝƚƵ͘ :ĂĚŝ ƉĞƌůƵ ŬĞ ĚŽŬƚĞƌ͕ ŵŝŶƵŵ ŽďĂƚ͘
WĞŵďĂĐĂĂŶ ƉĂƌŝƚƚĂ ǇĂŶŐ ŵĞŶŐŽŶĚŝƐŝŬĂŶ ƉŝŬŝƌĂŶ ůĞďŝŚ
ƚĞŶĂŶŐĚĂŶŵĞŵĞŶŐĂƌƵŚŝĚĂǇĂƚĂŚĂŶƚƵďƵŚŵĞŶŝŶŐŬĂƚ
ĚĂůĂŵŚĂůŝŶŝƐĂŶŐĂƚĚŝŵƵŶŐŬŝŶŬĂŶ͘
ϯ͘ WĞŶǇĂŬŝƚ ŬĂƌĞŶĂ ŬĞƚŝĚĂŬͲƐĞŝŵďĂŶŐĂŶ ŵĞƚĂďŽůŝƐŵĞ ĚĂŶ
ƵŶƐƵƌĚŝĚĂůĂŵƚƵďƵŚ͘dƵďƵŚŬŝƚĂŝŶŝƚĞƌĚŝƌŝĚĂƌŝϰƵŶƐƵƌ
ƵƚĂŵĂ͕ ǇĂŶŐ ŵĞŵŝůŝŬŝ ŬŽŵƉŽƐŝƐŝ ƚĞƌƚĞŶƚƵ ǇĂŶŐ ƐĞƐƵĂŝ͕
ĂĚĂǇĂŶŐŵĞŶŐŽŶĚŝƐŝŬĂŶƉĞŵďĞŶƚƵŬĂŶŚŽƌŵŽŶ͕ĞŶǌŝŵ͕
ĚĂŶ ƐĞďĂŐĂŝŶǇĂ͘ ĂƚͲǌĂƚ ƵƚĂŵĂ ŵĂƵƉƵŶ ƚƵƌƵŶĂŶŶǇĂ ŝŶŝ
ďĞƌĨƵŶŐƐŝ Ěŝ ĚĂůĂŵ ƚƵďƵŚ ŬŝƚĂ͕ ĚĂŶ ĂƉĂďŝůĂ ƚŝĚĂŬ
ƐĞŝŵďĂŶŐĚĂƉĂƚŵĞŶŐŽŶĚŝƐŝŬĂŶ͞ƉĞŶǇĂŬŝƚ͘͘͟
139
ϰ͘ WĞŶǇĂŬŝƚ ĚŝŬŽŶĚŝƐŝŬĂŶ ƚĞŵƉĞƌĂƚƵƌ͕ ŵĞŵĞŶŐĂƌƵŚŝ
ŬŽŵƉŽƐŝƐŝ ƵŶƐƵƌ ƚƵďƵŚ͘ WĞƌďĞĚĂĂŶ ƚĞŵƉĞƌĂƚƵƌ
ŬĞůĞŵďĂďĂŶ͕ ŵĞŶŐŽŶĚŝƐŝŬĂŶ ŬŽŵƉŽƐŝƐŝ ƵŶƐƵƌ ƚƵďƵŚ
ďĞƌƵďĂŚ͘WĞƌƵďĂŚĂŶŬŽŵƉŽƐŝƐŝŝŶŝĚĂƉĂƚŵĞŶŐŽŶĚŝƐŝŬĂŶ
ƐĂŬŝƚ ĂƚĂƵ ƐĞŚĂƚŶǇĂ ƐĞƐĞŽƌĂŶŐ͘ WĞŶǇĂŬŝƚ ǇĂŶŐ
ĚŝŬŽŶĚŝƐŝŬĂŶ ŽůĞŚ ƚĞŵƉĞƌĂƚƵƌ ŝŶŝ ŵĞŵĞƌůƵŬĂŶ
ŵĂŶŝƉƵůĂƐŝ ƉĞƌůĂŬƵĂŶ ƚĞƌƚĞŶƚƵ͕ ƐĞůĂŝŶ ƵƉĂǇĂ ŵĞůĂůƵŝ
ŬĞĚŽŬƚĞƌĂŶ͘ ĚĂ ǇĂŶŐ ƐĞŵďƵŚ ĚŝŬŽŶĚŝƐŝŬĂŶ ŽůĞŚ
ŵŝŶƵŵĂŶ ƚĞƌƚĞŶƚƵ͕ ĂƚĂƵ ŵĂŬĂŶĂŶ ƚĞƌƚĞŶƚƵ͘ ^ĞŚŝŶŐŐĂ
ŬĞƐĞŝŵďĂŶŐĂŶŬŽŵƉŽƐŝƐŝƵŶƐƵƌƚƵďƵŚŵĞŵĂĚĂŝ͘
ϱ͘ WĞŶǇĂŬŝƚ ǇĂŶŐ ĚŝŬŽŶĚŝƐŝŬĂŶ ŽůĞŚ ŐĞũŽůĂŬ ďĂƚŝŶ͕ ǇĂŶŐ
ƉŽƉƵůĞƌ ĚŝƐĞďƵƚ ƉƐŝŬŽƐŽŵĂƚŝƐ͘ ĂŶǇĂŬ ƚĞƌũĂĚŝ͕ ŽƌĂŶŐ
ǇĂŶŐ ƐĂŬŝƚ ƐƵĚĂŚ ŵĞŵĞƌŝŬƐĂŬĂŶ Ěŝƌŝ ĚĂŶ ĚŝƌĂǁĂƚ ŽůĞŚ
ĚŽŬƚĞƌ͕ ĚĞŶŐĂŶ ƉĞƌůĂŬƵĂŶ ďĞƌďĂŐĂŝ ĐĂƌĂ͕ ŶĂŵƵŶ ƚŝĚĂŬ
ŬƵŶũƵŶŐƐĞŵďƵŚ͘<ŽŵƉŽŶĞŶďĂƚŝŶĂĚĂĚƵĂ͗
Ă͘ <ŽŵƉŽŶĞŶ ďĂƚŝŶ ǇĂŶŐ ƐĞĐĂƌĂ ƉŝŬŝƌĂŶ͕ ďĞŶĂƌͲ
ďĞŶĂƌŵƵƌŶŝƉŝŬŝƌĂŶ͕ĐŝƚƚĂ͘
ď͘ <ŽŵƉŽŶĞŶ ďĂƚŝŶ ǇĂŶŐ ƚĞƌĞŬƐƉƌĞƐŝ ŵĞůĂůƵŝ
ƉĞƌďƵĂƚĂŶ͕ŬĂŵŵĂ͘
WĂƌĂ ƉĞŵďĂĐĂ ĚĂƉĂƚ ŵĞůĂŬƵŬĂŶ ĞŬƐƉĞƌŝŵĞŶ͕
ŵŝƐĂůŶǇĂ ŬĞƚŝŬĂ ƐĞĚĂŶŐ ƉƵƐŝŶŐ͕ ƉĞũĂŵŬĂŶ ŵĂƚĂ͕
ƌĂƐĂŬĂŶ ĂƉĂ ǇĂŶŐ ƚĞƌũĂĚŝ ƉĂĚĂ ƚƵďƵŚ͕ ŵĂŬĂ ĂŬĂŶ
ĂĚĂďĂŐŝĂŶƚƵďƵŚǇĂŶŐƚŝĚĂŬĞŶĂŬ͘:ŝŬĂƉŝŬŝƌĂŶƐĂŬŝƚ͕
ŵĂŬĂ ďĂĚĂŶŶǇĂ ƉĂƐƚŝ ƐĂŬŝƚ ƌŝŶŐĂŶ ĂƚĂƵƉƵŶ ďĞƌĂƚ͘
ĂůĂŵ ƉĞŶĞůŝƚŝĂŶ ŵŽĚĞƌŶ ďĂŶǇĂŬ ŵĞŶŐƵŶŐŬĂƉ
ŚƵďƵŶŐĂŶĂŶƚĂƌĂƉĞŶǇĂŬŝƚĚĞŶŐĂŶƉŝŬŝƌĂŶ͘WĞŶǇĂŬŝƚ
ǇĂŶŐ ĚŝŬŽŶĚŝƐŝŬĂŶ ŽůĞŚ ƉŝŬŝƌĂŶ ŝŶŝ ƚŝĚĂŬ ĚĂƉĂƚ
ĚŝŬĞůŽůĂ ƐĞƉĞŶƵŚŶǇĂ ŽůĞŚ ŽďĂƚ ĨŝƐŝŬ͕ ĚĂŶ ƐĞƌŝŶŐŬĂůŝ
140
ŵĞŵĞƌůƵŬĂŶ ƉĞƌůĂŬƵĂŶ ŚŽůŝƐƚŝŬ͕ ďƵŬĂŶ ŚĂŶǇĂ ŽďĂƚ
ĨŝƐŝŬ͘
^ĂƵĚĂƌĂƉĞŵďĂĐĂ͕ĂƉĂďŝůĂŬŝƚĂƚŝŶũĂƵĚĂůĂŵďƵŬƵǇĂŶŐ
ƐĞĚĂŶŐ ƐĂƵĚĂƌĂ ďĂĐĂ͕ ĚƵĂ ƐƵƚƚĂ ƉĞƌƚĂŵĂ ǇĂŝƚƵ DĂŚĂ
<ĂƐƐĂƉĂ ŽũũŚĂŶŐĂ ĚĂŶ DĂŚĂ DŽŐŐĂůĂŶĂ ŽũũŚĂŶŐĂ
ƉĂƌŝƚƚĂ͕ ŬĞũĂĚŝĂŶŶǇĂ ŵŝƌŝƉ͘ <ŽŶĚŝƐŝŶǇĂ zĂŶŐ DƵůŝĂ
DĂŚĂ <ĂƐƐĂƉĂ Θ zĂŶŐ DƵůŝĂ DĂŚĂ DŽŐŐĂůĂŶĂ ƐĞĚĂŶŐ
ƐĂŬŝƚ ďĞƌĂƚ͘ <ĞƚŝŬĂ ŝƚƵ ƵĚĚŚĂ ĚĂƚĂŶŐ͕ ŬĞŵƵĚŝĂŶ
ƵĚĚŚĂ ŵĞŶŐĂũĂŬŶǇĂ ƵŶƚƵŬ ŵĞŶŐĂůĂŵŝ ŬĞŵďĂůŝ ƐŝĨĂƚ
ďĂƚŝŶŽũũŚĂŶŐĂ͕ĚŝƚƵĂŶŐŬĂŶŽůĞŚƉĂƌĂƐĞƐĞƉƵŚƐĞďĂŐĂŝ
ŽũũŚĂŶŐĂ ^ƵƚƚĂ͘ ,ĂƐŝů ĂŬŚŝƌ ƐĞƚĞůĂŚ ŬŽƚďĂŚ ƐĞŵƵĂŶǇĂ
ƐĞŵďƵŚƐĞŬĞƚŝŬĂ͘
^ƵƚƚĂ ǇĂŶŐ ŬĞƚŝŐĂ͕ DĂŚĂ ƵŶĚĂ dŚĞƌĂ ŽũũŚĂŶŐĂ͕
ŬĞũĂĚŝĂŶ ǇĂŶŐ ƐĂŬŝƚ ĂĚĂůĂŚ ƵĚĚŚĂ͘ <ĞŵƵĚŝĂŶ ƵĚĚŚĂ
ŵĞŵŝŶƚĂ DĂŚĂ ƵŶĚĂ dŚĞƌĂ ƵŶƚƵŬ ŵĞŶŐƵůĂŶŐŝ
ƉĞŶŐĂůĂŵĂŶ ďĂƚŝŶ ƐŝĨĂƚͲƐŝĨĂƚ ŽũũŚĂŶŐĂ͘ ^ĞƚĞůĂŚ
ƉĞŶŐƵůĂŶŐĂŶĚŝďĂĐĂŬĂŶ͕ƵĚĚŚĂƐĞŵďƵŚƚŽƚĂů͘
ŝ ĚĂůĂŵ ďƵŬƵ ƐĂƵĚĂƌĂ ŝŶŝ͕ ĂĚĂ ƐƵƚƚĂ ǇĂŶŐ ŬĞĞŵƉĂƚ
ŵĞŶĐĞƌŝƚĂŬĂŶ ŬĞƚŝŬĂ ŚŝŬŬŚƵ 'ŝƌŝŵĂŶĂŶĚĂ ƐĂŬŝƚ ďĞƌĂƚ͘
<ĞŵƵĚŝĂŶ zĂŶŐ DƵůŝĂ ŶĂŶĚĂ ;ƉĞŶŐŝŬƵƚ ƵƚĂŵĂ
ƵĚĚŚĂͿŵĞŵŽŚŽŶŬĞƉĂĚĂ^ĂŶŐƵĚĚŚĂƵŶƚƵŬĚĂƚĂŶŐ
ŵĞŶũĞŶŐƵŬ zĂŶŐ DƵůŝĂ 'ŝƌŝŵĂŶĂŶĚĂ͘ dĞƚĂƉŝ ƵĚĚŚĂ
ŵĞŵŝŶƚĂ ŬĞƉĂĚĂ zĂŶŐ DƵůŝĂ ŶĂŶĚĂ ƵŶƚƵŬ
ŵĞŵďĂĐĂŬĂŶ ϭϬ ŵĂĐĂŵ ƉĞƌĞŶƵŶŐĂŶ͘ ^ĞďĞůƵŵ zĂŶŐ
DƵůŝĂ ŶĂŶĚĂ ŵĞŶŐƵĐĂƉŬĂŶ ϭϬ ƉĞƌĞŶƵŶŐĂŶ ŬĞƉĂĚĂ
ďŚŝŬŬŚƵ 'ŝƌŝŵĂŶĂŶĚĂ͕ ^ĂŶŐ ƵĚĚŚĂ ŵĞŵďĂďĂƌŬĂŶŶǇĂ
ƚĞƌůĞďŝŚ ĚƵůƵ ŬĞƉĂĚĂ zĂŶŐ DƵůŝĂ ŶĂŶĚĂ͘ /Ɛŝ ƵƌĂŝĂŶ
141
ŚĂŵŵĂŶǇĂ ďĞƌďĞĚĂ ĚĞŶŐĂŶ ƚŝŐĂ ƐƵƚƚĂ ƉĞƌƚĂŵĂ͕
ŶĂŵƵŶĞƐĞŶƐŝƉĞƌĞĂůŝƐĂƐŝĂŶďĂƚŝŶǇĂŶŐƚĞƌƉĞŶƚŝŶŐƚĞƚĂƉ
ƚĞƌĐĂƉĂŝ͘
ƵĚĚŚĂďŝƐĂŵĞŶŐĞƚĂŚƵŝƐŝĂƉĂ͕ĚŝďĞƌŝŬĂŶƐƵƚƚĂĂƉĂ͕ƵŶƚƵŬ
ŵĞŵďĂŶŐŬŝƚŬĂŶďĂƚŝŶǇĂŶŐŵĞŶŐŽŶĚŝƐŝŬĂŶŬĞƐĞŵďƵŚĂŶ͘
:ĂĚŝƚŝĚĂŬĚŝƐĂŵĂͲƌĂƚĂŬĂŶƐĞŵƵĂ͘
ĞďĞƌĂƉĂŚĂůƉĞŶƚŝŶŐǇĂŶŐƉĞƌůƵĚŝƐŝŵĂŬĚŝĚĂůĂŵƐƵƚƚĂĚŝ
ĂƚĂƐ͗
ϭ͘ ^ĞďĞůƵŵ ŵĞŵďĂďĂƌŬĂŶ ŚĂŵŵĂ͕ ƚĞƌũĂĚŝ ĚŝĂůŽŐ
ƚĞŶƚĂŶŐ ŬŽŶĚŝƐŝ ƐĂŬŝƚ͘ dŝĚĂŬ ƚŝďĂͲƚŝďĂ ŵĞŵďĂĐĂ
ƉĂƌŝƚƚĂ͘
Ϯ͘ ^ĞƚĞůĂŚĚŝĂůŽŐƵĚĚŚĂƚŝĚĂŬůĂŶŐƐƵŶŐŵĞŵďĂĐĂŬĂŶ͕
ŵĞůĂŝŶŬĂŶ ŵĞŵďĂŶŐŬŝƚŬĂŶ ŬĞŵďĂůŝ ŝŶŐĂƚĂŶ ĚĂŶ
ƉĞŶŐĂůĂŵĂŶƵůĂŶŐƐŝŬĂƉďĂƚŝŶĂƚĂƐǇĂŶŐĚŝďĂďĂƌŬĂŶ͘
͞ŬĂŵƵƚĂŚƵďĂŚǁĂĂĚĂϳďŽũũŚĂŶŐĂ͕ǇĂŶŐŵĞŵďĂǁĂ
ŬĞ ƉĞŶŐĞŵďĂŶŐĂŶ͞ ĚĞŵŝŬŝĂŶ ŬĂƚĂ ĞůŝĂƵ͕ ĚĞŶŐĂŶ
ďĞŐŝƚƵ ĂŬĂŶ ŵĞŵďĂŶŐŬŝƚŬĂŶ ƐŝŬĂƉ ďĂƚŝŶ ǇĂŶŐ
ĚŝďĂĐĂŬĂŶ͕ ĚĂŶ ǇĂŶŐ ŵĞŶĚĞŶŐĂƌŬĂŶ ƉĞƌŶĂŚ
ŵĞŶŐĂůĂŵŝ ƐŝŬĂƉ ďĂƚŝŶ ƚĞƌƐĞďƵƚ ǇĂŶŐ ďĞŐŝƚƵ
ŵĞŶŐŐƵŐĂŚ
ϯ͘ <ĞƚŝŬĂ ďŚĂŶƚĞ ŶĂŶĚĂ ĚĂƚĂŶŐ ŬĞ ďŚŝŬŬŚƵ
'ŝƌŝŵĂŶĂŶĚĂ͕ ĚŝĂůŽŐ ƚĞƌũĂĚŝ ũƵŐĂ͕ ŬĞŵƵĚŝĂŶ͕
ĚŝďĂĐĂŬĂŶ͕ ŬĞƚŝŬĂ ĚŝďĂĐĂŬĂŶ ďŚĂŶƚĞ 'ŝƌŝŵĂŶĂŶĚĂ
ŵĞůĂŬƵŬĂŶ ƉĞƌĞŶƵŶŐĂŶ ǇĂŶŐ ŵĞŶĚĂůĂŵ ƚĞƌŚĂĚĂƉ
ĂƉĂ ǇĂŶŐ ĚŝďĂďĂƌŬĂŶ ƚĂĚŝ͕ ƐŝŬĂƉ ďĂƚŝŶŶǇĂ ƚĞƌŐƵŐĂŚ
ƐĞŚŝŶŐŐĂƐĞůĂŶũƵƚŶǇĂƐĞŵďƵŚƚŽƚĂů͘

142
WĞŵďĞůĂũĂƌĂŶ ĚĂƌŝ ŬĂƐƵƐ Ěŝ ĚĂůĂŵ ƐƵƚƚĂ Ěŝ ĂƚĂƐ͕ ƐĂŶŐĂƚ
ŵĞŶĂƌŝŬ͘ dŝŵ ďĂĐĂ ƉĂƌŝƚƚĂ ǇĂŶŐ ĚĂƚĂŶŐ ŬĞ ƚĞŵƉĂƚ ŽƌĂŶŐ
ǇĂŶŐ ƐĂŬŝƚ͕ ƐĞǇŽŐǇĂŶǇĂ ƚŝĚĂŬ ůĂŶŐƐƵŶŐ ŵĞŵďĂĐĂŬĂŶ
ƉĂƌŝƚƚĂ͘ ^ĞďĂŝŬŶǇĂ ĂĚĂ ĚŝĂůŽŐ͕ ĂĚĂ ƉĞŶŐĂŶƚĂƌ͕ ƐƵƉĂǇĂ
ƉĂƐŝĞŶ ŵĞƌĂƐĂ ŶǇĂŵĂŶ ĚĂŶ ŬŽŶĚƵƐŝĨ͘ ƉĂďŝůĂ ŽƌĂŶŐ ǇĂŶŐ
ƐĂŬŝƚƚĞƌƐĞďƵƚƐƵĚĂŚŶǇĂŵĂŶ͕ďĂƌƵůĂŚĚŝďĂĐĂŬĂŶ
^ĂŶŐƵĚĚŚĂŵĞŶŐĞƚĂŚƵŝƐŝĂƉĂǇĂŶŐƐĂŬŝƚ͕ĚĂŶĂƉĂŚĂƌƵƐ
ĚŝďĂŶŐŬŝƚŬĂŶĚĂƌŝďĂƚŝŶŶǇĂ͘DĞŶŐĂƉĂ͍<ĂƌĞŶĂzĂŶŐDƵůŝĂ
DĂŚĂ <ĂƐƐĂƉĂ͕ zĂŶŐ DƵůŝĂ DĂŚĂ DŽŐĂůůĂŶĂ ƚĞůĂŚ
ŵĞŶŐĞƚĂŚƵŝ ϳ ŽũũŚĂŶŐĂ͕ ĚĂŶ ƚĞůĂŚ ŵĞŶŐĂůĂŵŝ ůĂŶŐƐƵŶŐ
ƐĞĐĂƌĂ ďĂƚŝŶ͘ ĂŐĂŝŵĂŶĂ ďĞůŝĂƵ ƚĞƌŐƵŐĂŚ ďĂƚŝŶŶǇĂ ŬĞƚŝŬĂ
ĚŝƵůĂŶŐ͘ ƌƚŝŶǇĂ ŬĞƚŝŬĂ ĚŝďĂĐĂŬĂŶ ŝƚƵ͕ ŵĞŶŐĂůĂŵŝ ƵůĂŶŐ
ƉĞŶŐĂůĂŵĂŶ ǇĂŶŐ ƐĞďĞůƵŵŶǇĂ͕ ǇĂŶŐ ŵĞŵďƵĂƚ ďĂĚĂŶ
ƐĞŐĂƌ ƐĞŵƵĂ͕ ďĂƚŝŶŶǇĂ ƚĞŶĂŶŐ͘ <ĞƚŝŬĂ ŵĞŶŐĂůĂŵŝ ƵůĂŶŐ
ŝƚƵ͕ ƉƌŽƐĞƐ ŵĞŶŐĂůĂŵŝ ƵůĂŶŐ ŬĞũĂĚŝĂŶ ďĂƚŝŶ ǇĂŶŐ ƐĂŶŐĂƚ
ŵĞŵďĂŚĂŐŝĂŬĂŶ ĚĂŶ ŵĞŶŐŐŝƵƌŬĂŶ͕ ƐĞŚŝŶŐŐĂ ƚĞƌũĂĚŝ
ƌĞĨŽƌŵĂƐŝďĂƚŝŶ͕ĚĂŶƌĞĨŽƌŵĂƐŝďĂƚŝŶŝƚƵƚĞůĂŚďĞƌƉĞŶŐĂƌƵŚ
ƚĞƌŚĂĚĂƉ ƉŝŬŝƌĂŶ͘ WŝŬŝƌĂŶ ŝƚƵ ŵĞŵƉƌŽĚƵŬƐŝ ŝƚƚĂũĂƌƵƉĂ
;ƉĂƌƚŝŬĞů ŵĂƚĞƌŝ ŚĂƐŝů ƉŝŬŝƌĂŶͿ͕ ĚĂŶ ƐĞŬĂůŝŐƵƐ ƐĂĂƚ ŝƚƵ
<ĂŵŵĂ ŵĞůĂůƵŝ ƉŝŬŝƌĂŶ ŵĞŵƉƌŽĚƵŬƐŝ <ĂŵŵĂũĂƌƵƉĂ
;ƉĂƌƚŝŬĞů ŵĂƚĞƌŝ ŚĂƐŝů ƉĞƌďƵĂƚĂŶͿ͘ DĂƚĞƌŝ ĂƚĂƵ ƉĂƌƚŝŬĞůͲ
ƉĂƌƚŝŬĞůŚĂƐŝůƉŝŬŝƌĂŶĚĂŶŚĂƐŝůƉĞƌďƵĂƚĂŶďĞƌŬŽŵďŝŶĂƐŝůĂŐŝ
ƐĂĂƚ ŝƚƵ͘ ĂŶ ŝƚƵ ďĞƌƉĞŶŐĂƌƵŚ ƚĞƌŚĂĚĂƉ ŬŽŵƉŽƐŝƐŝ ƵŶƐƵƌ
ĚĂŶ ƚƵƌƵŶĂŶŶǇĂ ǇĂŶŐ ŵĞƌĞĨŽƌŵĂƐŝ ƚƵďƵŚ ƐĞĐĂƌĂ
ŬĞƐĞůƵƌƵŚĂŶ͘
<ĞƚŝŬĂ ĚŝďĂĐĂŬĂŶ ƉĂƌŝƚƚĂ͕ ŽƌĂŶŐ ǇĂŶŐ ŵĞŶĚĞŶŐĂƌŬĂŶ
ƉĞƌŶĂŚ ŵĞŵĂŚĂŵŝ͘DĞŵĂŚĂŵŝ ŝƚƵďŝƐĂ ĚĂůĂŵ ŬĞŚŝĚƵƉĂŶ
143
ŝŶŝ͕ ĂƚĂƵ ďŝƐĂ ĚĂůĂŵ ŬĞŚŝĚƵƉĂŶ ƐĞďĞůƵŵͲƐĞďĞůƵŵŶǇĂ͘
<ĞƚŝŬĂ ŝĂ ŵĞŶĚĞŶŐĂƌŬĂŶ ŝƚƵ͕ ŵĞƌĞŶƵŶŐŬĂŶ ŵĂŬŶĂŶǇĂ͕
ƚĞƌũĂĚŝ ŵĂƉƉŝŶŐ ƉĞŶŐĂůĂŵĂŶ ďĂƚŝŶ͕ ƉĞƌŚĂƚŝĂŶŶǇĂ
ŵĞŶŝŶŐŬĂƚ͕ ƉĞƌĞŶƵŶŐĂŶ ƚĞƌŚĂĚĂƉ ŚĂŵŵĂ͕ ŬĞŐŝƵƌĂŶ͘
^ĞŵĂŶŐĂƚ ŵĞŶŐŐĞůŽƌĂ͕ ƚŝŵďƵů ŬĞƚĞŶĂŶŐĂŶ ďĂƚŝŶŶǇĂ͕
ŬŽŶƐĞŶƚƌĂƐŝŶǇĂ ŵĞŶŝŶŐŬĂƚ͘ /Ă ŵĞŶũĂĚŝ ƚĞŶĂŶŐ ƐĞŝŵďĂŶŐ͘
ĂŶ ŬŽŶĚŝƐŝ ŝŶŝ ŵĞƌĞƐƚƌƵŬƚƵƌ ƉŝŬŝƌĂŶ ǇĂŶŐ ŵĞŵĞŶŐĂƌƵŚŝ
ƌĞĨŽƌŵĂƐŝƚƵďƵŚŶǇĂ͘
^ĂƵĚĂƌĂ͕ ŚĞŶĚĂŬŶǇĂ ƐĂƵĚĂƌĂ ŵĞŵƉĞůĂũĂƌŝ ŽũũŚĂŶŐĂ ĚĂŶ
'ŝƌŝŵĂŶĂŶĚĂ͘ƉĂďŝůĂƐƵĚĂŚƉĞƌŶĂŚŵĞŵƉĞůĂũĂƌŝ͕ƐĂƵĚĂƌĂ
ŵĞŵƉƌĂŬƚĞŬŬĂŶ ĚĂŶ ŵĞƌĂƐĂŬĂŶŶǇĂ͘ <ĞƚŝŬĂ ŵĞŶŐŚĂĚĂƉŝ
ƐĂŬŝƚ ĚĂŶ ƐĞƐĞŽƌĂŶŐ ŵĞŵďĂĐĂŬĂŶ ŬĞŵďĂůŝ͕ ďĂƚŝŶ ƐĂƵĚĂƌĂ
ĂŬĂŶ ĐĞƉĂƚ ŵĞƌĂƐĂŬĂŶ ƵůĂŶŐ͘ ,Ăů ŝŶŝ ĂŬĂŶ ŵĞŵďĂŶƚƵ
ŵĞŵƉĞƌĐĞƉĂƚ ŬĞƐĞŵďƵŚĂŶ͘ ƵĚĚŚĂ ŵĞŶŐĞƚĂŚƵŝ ŽďũĞŬ
ǇĂŶŐĐŽĐŽŬƵŶƚƵŬŵĞŵďĂŶŐŬŝƚŬĂŶƐŝŬĂƉďĂƚŝŶƵŶƚƵŬƐĞƚŝĂƉ
ŽƌĂŶŐ ƐĞďĂŐĂŝ ƉĞƌĞŶƵŶŐĂŶ͘ KůĞŚ ŬĂƌĞŶĂ ŝƚƵ zĂŶŐ DƵůŝĂ
DĂŚĂ<ĂƐƐĂƉĂ͕ĚĂŶ zĂŶŐDƵůŝĂDĂŐĂ DŽŐĂůůĂŶĂ ďĞƌďĞĚĂ
ĚĞŶŐĂŶ zĂŶŐ DƵůŝĂ 'ŝƌŝŵĂŶĂŶĚĂ͘ dŽƉŝŬ ƉĞƌĞŶƵŶŐĂŶŶǇĂ
ďĞƌďĞĚĂ͘ dĞƚĂƉŝ ĞƐĞŶƐŝŶǇĂ͕ ƉĞŶŐĂůĂŵĂŶ ƵůĂŶŐ͕ ƐĂŶŐĂƚ
ŵĞŶĞŶƚƵŬĂŶ͘ DƵŶŐŬŝŶ ƐĂũĂ Ěŝ ĂŶƚĂƌĂ ƐĂƵĚĂƌĂ ŬŝƚĂ ǇĂŶŐ
ƐĂŬŝƚ͕ ŝĂ ŚĂŶǇĂ ƚĂŚƵ ĚŽĂ ƚĞƌƚĞŶƚƵ͘ ^ĞǇŽŐǇĂŶǇĂ ƚŝĚĂŬ
ĚŝƉĂŬƐĂŬĂŶ ĚĞŶŐĂŶ ŵĞŵďĂĐĂ ǇĂŶŐ ďĞƌďĂŚĂƐĂ ƉĂůŝ͘
ĂĐĂŬĂŶůĂŚ ǇĂŶŐ ĚŝŵĞŶŐĞƌƚŝ ŽůĞŚŶǇĂ͘ ĞŐŝƚƵ ŝĂ ŵƵĚĂŚ
ŵĞŶŐĞƌƚŝ͕ ŝĂ ŵƵĚĂŚ ĚĂŶ ĐĞƉĂƚ ƚĞƌŐƵŐĂŚ͕ ĚĂŶ ŚĂů ŝŶŝ ĂŬĂŶ
ŵĞŵďĂŶƚƵŵĞŵƉĞƌĐĞƉĂƚŬĞƐĞŵďƵŚĂŶŶǇĂ͘
dƵŐĂƐ ƚŝŵ ƉĞŵďĂĐĂ ƉĂƌŝƚƚĂ ďƵŬĂŶ ŚĂŶǇĂ ŵĞŵďĂĐĂŬĂŶ
ƉĂƌŝƚƚĂ͕ ĚŝƉĞƌůƵŬĂŶ ŬĞŵĂƵĂŶ ŵĞŶŐĂũĂŬ ďŝĐĂƌĂ ƚĞƌůĞďŝŚ
144
ĚƵůƵ͕ ŵĞŵďĞƌŝŬĂŶ ƉĞŶĚŝĚŝŬĂŶ ƉĞŶŐĞƌƚŝĂŶ ƉĂƌŝƚƚĂ ŬĞƉĂĚĂ
ƵŵĂƚ͕ ŬĞŵƵĚŝĂŶ ĚŝƉƌĂŬƚĞŬŬĂŶ͕ ƐĞŚŝŶŐŐĂ ƚĞƌĂƐĂ͕ ƚĞƌŐƵŐĂŚ
ƐĞĐĂƌĂ ďĂƚŝŶ͘ ĞŶŐĂŶ ĚĞŵŝŬŝĂŶ ƵŵĂƚ ƵĚĚŚĂ ĚĂƉĂƚ
ŵĞŵĂŶĨĂĂƚŬĂŶŬĞŬƵĂƚĂŶƉĂƌŝƚƚĂŝƚƵ͘
ĞŶŐĂŶ ƉĞƌŶĂŚ ŵĞŶĚĞŶŐĂƌ ĚĂŶ ŵĞǇĂŬŝŶŝ͕ ŵĞƌĞŶƵŶŐŬĂŶ
ŵĂŬŶĂŶǇĂ͕ ĚĂŶ ŵĞŶŐĂůĂŵŝ ŬĞŵďĂůŝ͕ ďĂƚŝŶ ƚĞƌƐĞďƵƚ
ŵĞŶŐŽŶĚŝƐŝŬĂŶŵƵŶĐƵůŶǇĂƐĞƌĂŶŐŬĂŝĂŶŵĂƚĞƌŝďĞƌŬƵĂůŝƚĂƐ
Ěŝ ĚĂůĂŵ ƚƵďƵŚ͘ DĂƚĞƌŝ ŝƚƵ ƵŬƵƌĂŶŶǇĂ ũĂƵŚ ůĞďŝŚ ŬĞĐŝů
ĚĂƌŝƉĂĚĂ ĂƚŽŵ͕ ŚĂŶǇĂ ƐĂũĂ ŝůŵƵ ƉĞŶŐĞƚĂŚƵĂŶ ƐĂĂƚ ŝŶŝ
ďĞůƵŵ ĐƵŬƵƉ ĐĂŶŐŐŝŚ ƵŶƚƵŬ ĚĂƉĂƚ ŵĞŶĚĞƚĞŬƐŝ ƵŬƵƌĂŶ
ƐĞŚĂůƵƐŝƚƵ͘
ŝ ĚĂůĂŵ ďƵŬƵ ƐĂƵĚĂƌĂ͕ ƐĞůĂŝŶ ŽũũŚĂŶŐĂ͕ 'ŝƌŝŵĂŶĂŶĚĂ͕
ŬĞŵƵĚŝĂŶĂĚĂ ŚĂũũĂŐĂWĂƌŝƚƚĂ͕ǇĂŶŐŵĞŶŐŝƐĂŚŬĂŶŬĞƚŝŬĂ
ƐĞƐĞŽƌĂŶŐ ƚĂŬƵƚ͕ ĚŝĂ ŝŶŐĂƚ ĚĞŶŐĂŶ ƉĂŶũŝ͘ WĂŶũŝ ŝƚƵ
ƌĂŵĂŶŶĂĂƚĂƵŶŝŵŝƚƚĂĚŝĚĂůĂŵŬĂŝĚĂŚŽďũĞŬŝŶĚƌĂĚĂůĂŵ
ďŚŝĚŚĂŵŵĂ͘ ĞŐŝƚƵ ŝĂ ŝŶŐĂƚ͕ ŵĞŶũĂĚŝ ŶŝŵŝƚƚĂ͕ ƐĞŚŝŶŐŐĂ
ĚŝĂ ͚ƚĞƌƐĂŵďƵŶŐ͛ ŬĞ ĨĂŬƚŽƌͲĨĂŬƚŽƌ ďĂƚŝŶ ǇĂŶŐ ŵĞŶǇĞƌƚĂŝ
ƉŝŬŝƌĂŶǇĂŶŐŵĞŶŐĂůĂŵŝŶŝŵŝƚƚĂƚĞƌƐĞďƵƚ͘<ĞƚŝŬĂŬŝƚĂŝŶŐĂƚ
ƵĚĚŚĂ͕ŵĞůŝŚĂƚƉĂƚƵŶŐƵĚĚŚĂ͕ŵĞŵďĂǇĂŶŐŬĂŶŐĂŵďĂƌ
ƵĚĚŚĂ͕ďĂƚŝŶŬŝƚĂƚĞƌŐƵŐĂŚĚĞŶŐĂŶďĞƌďĂŐĂŝĨĂŬƚŽƌďĂƚŝŶ
ƉŽƐŝƚŝĨ ǇĂŶŐ ŵĞŶǇĞƌƚĂŝŶǇĂ͘ WĂĚĂ ƐĂĂƚ ƚĞƌŐƵŐĂŚ ŝƚƵ͕ ŵĂŬĂ
ƉŝŬŝƌĂŶͲƉŝŬŝƌĂŶ ŵĞŶũĂĚŝ ŶĞŐĂƚŝĨ ƚĞƌŚĂůĂƵ͕ ƚĞƌŐĂŶƚŝŬĂŶ ŽůĞŚ
ƐŝĨĂƚďĂƚŝŶƉŽƐŝƚŝĨ͘
<ĂůĂƵ Ěŝ ĚĂůĂŵ ŝůŵƵ ǌĂŵĂŶ ƐĞŬĂƌĂŶŐ ĚŝŝƐƚŝůĂŚŬĂŶ ĚĞŶŐĂŶ
ŬĂƚĂ ũĂŶŐŬĂƌ ͬ ĂŶĐŚŽƌ͘ <ĂůĂƵ ƉŝŬŝƌĂŶ ƐƵĚĂŚ ƉƵŶǇĂ ũĂŶŐŬĂƌ
;ŶŝŵŝƚƚĂͿ ƚĞƌƚĞŶƚƵ͕ ŵĂŬĂ ƐĞŵƵĂ ĨĂŬƚŽƌ ďĂƚŝŶ ƚĞƌŚƵďƵŶŐ
ĚĞŶŐĂŶ ũĂŶŐŬĂƌ ŝƚƵ ďĞƌĚĂƐĂƌŬĂŶ ƉĞƌƐĞƉƐŝ ǇĂŶŐ ŵĞŶĐĞƌĂƉ
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ũĂŶŐŬĂƌ ƚĞƌƐĞďƵƚ͘ /Ă ďŝƐĂ ďĞƌŐĞŵďŝƌĂ͕ ďŝƐĂ ƐĞĚŝŚ ĚĂŶ
ƐĞďĂŐĂŝŶǇĂ͘ dĞƚĂƉŝ ĂƉĂďŝůĂ ũĂŶŐŬĂƌŶǇĂ͕ EŝŵŝƚƚĂ ŶǇĂ ǇĂŶŐ
ŬƵĂƚ ĚĂŶ ďĂŐƵƐ͕ ŵĂŬĂ ďĂƚŝŶ ǇĂŶŐ ƚĞƌŬŽŶĚŝƐŝŬĂŶ ŵƵŶĐƵů
ĂĚĂůĂŚ ǇĂŶŐ ďĂŐƵƐ͘ <ĞƚŝŬĂ ďĂƚŝŶ ďĂŐƵƐ͕ ŵĂŬĂ ƐĂŬŝƚ͕ ƚĂŬƵƚ
ĚĂŶƐĞďĂŐĂŝŶǇĂƚĞƌďĂŶƚƵƵŶƚƵŬƚĞƌŚĂůĂƵĚĞŶŐĂŶĐĞƉĂƚ͘
<ĞƚŝŬĂ ŵĞŵďĂĐĂ ĂũũŚĂŐĂ ƉĂƌŝƚƚĂ͘ WĞŵďĂĐĂ ĚŝŵŝŶƚĂ
ŵĞŶŐŝŶŐĂƚƉĂŶũŝͲƉĂŶũŝƵĚĚŚĂ͕ƉĂŶũŝͲƉĂŶũŝŚĂŵŵĂ͕ƉĂŶũŝͲ
ƉĂŶũŝ ^ĂŶŐŚĂ͕ ĚĂůĂŵ ƌĂŶŐŬĂ ƵŶƚƵŬ ŵĞŵďĂŶŐŬŝƚŬĂŶ ďĂƚŝŶ
ǇĂŶŐ ƉŽƐŝƚŝĨ ĚĞŶŐĂŶ ŵĞŶŐŝŶŐĂƚ dŝƌĂƚĂŶĂ͗ ƵĚĚŚĂ͕
ŚĂŵŵĂ͕^ĂŶŐŚĂ͕ǇĂŶŐŵĞŵŝůŝŬŝŬƵĂůŝƚĂƐĚĂŚƐǇĂƚƚĞƌƚĞŶƚƵ͘
dĞƌůĞƉĂƐ ĚĂƌŝ ŝƚƵ ƐĞŵƵĂ͕ ďĞďĞƌĂƉĂ ŚĂů ƉĞƌůƵ ĚŝƉĞƌŚĂƚŝŬĂŶ
ŽůĞŚ ƉĞŵďĂĐĂ͕ ďĂŚǁĂ ŬĞŬƵĂƚĂŶ ŚĂƐŝů ĚĂƌŝ ŵĞŵďĂĐĂŬĂŶ
WĂƌŝƚƚĂ͕ĚŝƉĞŶŐĂƌƵŚŝŽůĞŚ͗
ϭ͘ <ĞŬƵĂƚĂŶ ŬĞďĞŶĂƌĂŶ͘ <ĞƚŝŬĂ ŵĞŵďĂĐĂ ƐƵƚƚĂ͕ ŝƐŝŶǇĂ
ŬĞďĞŶĂƌĂŶ͘ ŝďĂŶĚŝŶŐŬĂŶ ĚĞŶŐĂŶ ŵĞŵďĂĐĂ
ĂďƌĂŬĂĚĂďƌĂ͕ ŵĂŶũƵƌ ŵĂŶĂ͍ WĂƐƚŝ ůĞďŝŚ ŵĂŶũƵƌ ǇĂŶŐ
ŵĞŶŐĂŶĚƵŶŐ ŬĞďĞŶĂƌĂŶ͘ :ĂĚŝ ŬĂůĂƵ ŵĞŵďĂĐĂ ƉĂƌŝƚƚĂ͕
ƉŝůŝŚůĂŚ ƉĂƌŝƚƚĂ ǇĂŶŐ ďĞŶĂƌͲďĞŶĂƌ ƉĂƌŝƚƚĂ͕ ďƵŬĂŶ ǇĂŶŐ
ƚŝĚĂŬŵĞŵƉƵŶǇĂŝĂƌƚŝ͘
Ϯ͘ <ĞŬƵĂƚĂŶĚĂƌŝŬĞŵŽƌĂůĂŶ͘
<ĞŵŽƌĂůĂŶ ŽƌĂŶŐ ǇĂŶŐ ŵĞŵďĂĐĂŬĂŶ ƉĂƌŝƚƚĂ ĚŝƚĂŵďĂŚ
ŬĞŵŽƌĂůĂŶ ŽƌĂŶŐ ǇĂŶŐ ĚŝďĂĐĂŬĂŶ ƉĂƌŝƚƚĂ͕ ũƵŐĂ ƐĂůŝŶŐ
ďĞƌƉĞŶŐĂƌƵŚ͘ ƉĂďŝůĂ ŽƌĂŶŐ ǇĂŶŐ ƐĂŬŝƚ ŬĞŵƵĚŝĂŶ
ĚŝƉĂŶŐŐŝůŬĂŶ ƉĞŵďĂĐĂ ƉĂƌŝƚƚĂ ǇĂŶŐ ĚŝŬĞƚĂŚƵŝŶǇĂ
ƐĞďĂŐĂŝ ƉĞŶĐƵƌŝ͕ ĂƉĂŬĂŚ ŝĂ ĂŬĂŶ ŶǇĂŵĂŶ͍ dĞŶƚƵ ƚŝĚĂŬ
ŶǇĂŵĂŶ͕ ŐĞůŝƐĂŚ ŵƵŶĐƵů͕ ŬĞƐĞŵďƵŚĂŶ ŵĞŶũĂĚŝ ŵĂŬŝŶ
ũĂƵŚ͘ :ĂĚŝ ŬĞŬƵĂƚĂŶ ŵŽƌĂů ŝƚƵ ƉĞŶƚŝŶŐ͘ dŝŵ ƉĞŵďĂĐĂ
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ƉĂƌŝƚƚĂ ƐĞďĂŝŬŶǇĂ ĚŝƉŝůŝŚ ǇĂŶŐ ŵŽƌĂůŶǇĂ ďĂŐƵƐ͕ ŽƌĂŶŐ
ǇĂŶŐ ƐĂŬŝƚ ĂŬĂŶ ƚĞƌŬĞŶĂ ƉĞŶŐĂƌƵŚ ŬĞǇĂŬŝŶĂŶŶǇĂ͕
ƐĞŚŝŶŐŐĂ ĞĨĞŬƚŝǀŝƚĂƐ ƉĞŵďĂĐĂĂŶ ƉĂƌŝƚƚĂ ũƵŐĂ ĂŬĂŶ
ƚĞƌƉĞŶŐĂƌƵŚ͘
ϯ͘ <ĞŬƵĂƚĂŶDĞƚƚĂ<ĂƌƵŶĂ͘
ĂĐĂŬĂŶůĂŚ ƉĂƌŝƚƚĂ͕ ĚĞŶŐĂŶ DĞƚƚĂ <ĂƌƵŶĂ͘ ^ĞƉĞƌƚŝ
ƚĞƌŝŶƐƉŝƌĂƐŝ ĚĞŶŐĂŶ ǇĂŶŐ ĚŝƐĂŵƉĂŝŬĂŶ ŝďƵ tĞŶŶǇ >Ž͘
<ĞƚŝŬĂ ŵĞŵďĂĐĂŬĂŶ ƉĂƌŝƚƚĂ͕ ƚŝĚĂŬ ĂĚĂ ůĂŐŝ ŬŚĂǁĂƚŝƌ͕
ƚĂŬƵƚ͕ ƐĞĚŝŚ͕ ƚĞƚĂƉŝ ǇĂŶŐ ĂĚĂ ŚĂŶǇĂůĂŚ ŵĞŵďĂĐĂŬĂŶ
ƉĂƌŝƚƚĂ ĚĞŶŐĂŶ DĞƚƚĂ <ĂƌƵŶĂ͘ ŝƚƵ ƉĞŶŐĂƌƵŚŶǇĂ ďĞƐĂƌ
ƚĞƌŚĂĚĂƉ ƉĞŵďĂĐĂĂŶ ƉĂƌŝƚƚĂ ĚĂŶ ƚĞƌŚĂĚĂƉ ǇĂŶŐ
ƐĞĚĂŶŐĚŝďĂĐĂŬĂŶƉĂƌŝƚƚĂ͘
^ĞďĂŝŬŶǇĂ ƚŝĚĂŬ ĂĚĂ ŽƌĂŶŐ ǇĂŶŐ ƐĞĚĂŶŐ ŵĂƌĂŚ ͬ ŬĞƐĂů
ƐĂŵďŝů ŵĞŵďĂĐĂŬĂŶ ƉĂƌŝƚƚĂ͕ ŬĂƌĞŶĂ ƚĞƌƉĂŬƐĂ ĚŝƐƵƌƵŚ
ŵĞŵďĂĐĂŬĂŶ ƉĂƌŝƚƚĂ͘ KƌĂŶŐ ǇĂŶŐ ƐĂŬŝƚ ďŝƐĂ
ŵĞƌĂƐĂŬĂŶŶǇĂ͕ ŝĂ ƉĞŬĂ͘ ŝƐĂ ŵĞŶŐĞƚĂŚƵŝ ǇĂŶŐ
ŵĞŵďĂĐĂŬĂŶƐĞĚĂŶŐŵĂƌĂŚͬŬĞƐĂů͘
ϰ͘ <ĞŬƵĂƚĂŶ<ĞǇĂŬŝŶĂŶ͘
ŶĚĂŝŬĂŶ ƐĂƵĚĂƌĂ ŵĞŶũĂůĂŶŬĂŶ ďŝƐŶŝƐ ĚĞŶŐĂŶ ƉĞŶƵŚ
ŬĞǇĂŬŝŶĂŶĚŝďĂŶĚŝŶŐŬĂŶĚĞŶŐĂŶƚĂŶƉĂŬĞǇĂŬŝŶĂŶ͕ĂŬĂŶ
ůĞďŝŚ ĐĞƉĂƚ ŵĂŶĂ ǇĂŶŐ ďĞƌŚĂƐŝů͍ dĞŶƚƵ ǇĂŶŐ ĚŝƐĞƌƚĂŝ
ŬĞǇĂŬŝŶĂŶ͘ :ĂĚŝ ďĂĐĂŬĂŶůĂŚ ƉĂƌŝƚƚĂ ĚĞŶŐĂŶ ƉĞŶƵŚ
ŬĞǇĂŬŝŶĂŶ͕ ĚĞŵŝŬŝĂŶ ƉƵůĂ ďĂŐŝ ƉĞŶĚĞŶŐĂƌŶǇĂ͕
ĚĞŶŐĂƌŬĂŶůĂŚ ƉĞŵďĂĐĂĂŶ ƉĂƌŝƚƚĂ ĚĞŶŐĂŶ ƉĞŶƵŚ
ŚŽƌŵĂƚ ĚĂŶ ŬĞǇĂŬŝŶĂŶ͘ ƉĂďŝůĂ ƐĂƵĚĂƌĂ ĚŝďĂĐĂŬĂŶ
ƉĂƌŝƚƚĂ ͬ ͞ĚŽĂ͟ ŽůĞŚ ŽƌĂŶŐ ůĂŝŶ͕ ďĂŝŬ ŝƚƵ ƚŝŵ ƉĂƌŝƚƚĂ͕
ŬĞůƵĂƌŐĂŶǇĂ͕ ĚĂƌŝ ƉĂŚĂŵ ůĂŝŶ͕ ĚĞŶŐĂƌŬĂŶ ƐĂũĂ ĚĞŶŐĂŶ
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ŚŽƌŵĂƚ͕ ŬĂƌĞŶĂ ŵĞƌĞŬĂ ƉĞŶƵŚ DĞƚƚĂ <ĂƌƵŶĂ
ŵĞŵďĂĐĂŬĂŶ͞ĚŽĂ͟ďĂŐŝƐĂƵĚĂƌĂ͘
ϱ͘ <ĞŬƵĂƚĂŶŬŽŶƐĞŶƚƌĂƐŝĚĂŶƉĞƌŚĂƚŝĂŶ
ƉĂďŝůĂ ƐĂĂƚ ŵĞŵďĂĐĂ ďƵŬƵ͕ ŬŽŶƐĞŶƚƌĂƐŝ ĚĂŶ
ƉĞƌŚĂƚŝĂŶŶǇĂ ůĞŵĂŚ͕ ŵĂŬĂ ĂŬĂŶ ƚĞƌũĂĚŝ ƐĂůĂŚ ďĂĐĂ͘
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ǇĂŶŐ ƐĂůĂŚ ĚĂƉĂƚ ŵĞŶŐĂŶŐŐƵ ŽƌĂŶŐ ǇĂŶŐ
ŵĞŶĚĞŶŐĂƌŬĂŶĂƚĂƵƉĞŵďĂĐĂůĂŝŶŶǇĂũƵŐĂ͘KƌĂŶŐǇĂŶŐ
ĚŝďĂĐĂŬĂŶ ǇĂŶŐ ƐĂŬŝƚ ƚĞƌƐĞďƵƚ͕ ƐĂŶŐĂƚ ƉĞŬĂ͕ ŝĂ ĂŬĂŶ
ŵĞŶŐĞƚĂŚƵŝ ŬĞƐĂůĂŚĂŶ ŝŶƚŽŶĂƐŝ ĚĂŶ ƐĞďĂŐĂŝŶǇĂ͘
ŬŽŶƐĞŶƚƌĂƐŝŽƌĂŶŐǇĂŶŐĚŝďĂĐĂŬĂŶƚĞƌŐĂŶŐŐƵ͕ƐĞŚŝŶŐŐĂ
ŬĞŬƵĂƚĂŶĚĂŶĞĨĞŬƚŝǀŝƚĂƐƉĂƌŝƚƚĂŝƚƵŵĞŶũĂĚŝďĞƌŬƵƌĂŶŐ͘
ϲ͘ <ĞŬƵĂƚĂŶƉĞƌďƵĂƚĂŶ
ĂůĂŵ ŬĞŚŝĚƵƉĂŶ ƐĞŚĂƌŝͲŚĂƌŝ͕ ƉĞƌďƵĂƚĂŶ ŚĂƌƵƐ ĚŝũĂŐĂ
ĚĞŶŐĂŶ ďĂŝŬ͘ dŝŵ ƉĞŵďĂĐĂ ƉĂƌŝƚƚĂ ũƵŐĂ ŚĂƌƵƐ ďĂŝŬ
ƉĞƌďƵĂƚĂŶŶǇĂ͘
ϳ͘ <ĞŬƵĂƚĂŶŐĞƚĂƌĂŶ
^ĞƌŝŶŐŬĂůŝ ŽƌĂŶŐ ǇĂŶŐ ŵĞŵďĂĐĂŬĂŶ ƉĂƌŝƚƚĂ͕ ĚĂůĂŵ
ŵĞŵďĂĐĂŬĂŶŶǇĂĂĚĂǇĂŶŐĐĞƉĂƚ͕ĂĚĂǇĂŶŐůĂŵďĂƚ͕ĂĚĂ
ǇĂŶŐ ŚĂůƵƐ͕ ĂĚĂ ũƵŐĂ ǇĂŶŐ ĚŝďĞƐĂƌͲďĞƐĂƌŬĂŶ ƐƵĂƌĂŶǇĂ͘
^ĞŚŝŶŐŐĂ ƚŝĚĂŬ ƐŝŶŬƌŽŶ͘ <ĞƚŝŬĂ ƚŝĚĂŬ ƐŝŶŬƌŽŶ ĂĚĂ
ƉĞŶŐĂƌƵŚŶǇĂƐĞŚŝŶŐŐĂŽƌĂŶŐǇĂŶŐƐĂŬŝƚďŝƐĂďĞƌƚĂŵďĂŚ
ƉƵƐŝŶŐ ĂƚĂƵ ďŝŶŐƵŶŐ͕ ŬŽŶƐĞŶƚƌĂƐŝŶǇĂ ƉƵŶ ƚĞƌŐĂŶŐŐƵ͕
ďĂƚŝŶŶǇĂ ƚĞƌũĂĚŝ ŬĞƚŝĚĂŬŶǇĂŵĂŶĂŶ͘ KůĞŚ ŬĂƌĞŶĂ ŝƚƵ͕
ƚŝŵ ƉĞŵďĂĐĂ ƉĂƌŝƚƚĂ ƉĞƌůƵ ůĂƚŝŚĂŶ ŵĞŵďĂĐĂŬĂŶ
ƉĂƌŝƚƚĂ͘ ƉĂďŝůĂ ŵĞŵďĂĐĂŬĂŶ ƉĂƌŝƚƚĂ ƐƵĚĂŚ ƐŝŶŬƌŽŶ͕
ŵĂŬĂ ƐŝŶŬƌŽŶŝƐĂƐŝ ƌĞƐŽŶĂŶƐŝ ŝŶŝ ŵĞŵŝůŝŬŝ ŬĞŬƵĂƚĂŶ
148
ŐĞƚĂƌĂŶ͘WĂƌƚŝŬĞůŵĂƚĞƌŝƚĞƌƉƌŽĚƵŬƐŝŬŽŶƚŝŶǇƵĚŝĚĂůĂŵ
ƚƵďƵŚŶǇĂ͕ĚĂŶŵĞƌĂŵďĂƚŵĞůĂůƵŝϯĐĂƌĂŚŝŶŐŐĂŬĞůƵĂƌ
ĚĂƌŝƚƵďƵŚŶǇĂ͘DĞƌĂŵďĂƚŵĞůĂůƵŝϯĐĂƌĂ͗
ϭ͘ <ŽŶĚƵŬƐŝ ;ƚĞƌũĂĚŝ ŬĞƚŝŬĂ ŵĞŵďĂĐĂ ƉĂƌŝƚƚĂ ŬŝƚĂ
ŵĞŶĞŵƉĞů͕ŵĞŵĞŐĂŶŐƚĂŶŐĂŶŶǇĂͿ͘
Ϯ͘ <ŽŶǀĞŬƐŝ ;ŵĞůĂůƵŝ ǌĂƚ Ăůŝƌ ĚĂƌŝ ĚĂůĂŵ ƚƵďƵŚ ŬŝƚĂ
ŬĞůƵĂƌŵĞůĂůƵŝǌĂƚĂůŝƌͬĨůƵŝĚĂͿ͘
ϯ͘ ZĂĚŝĂƐŝ͘ DĞůĂůƵŝ ƌƵĂŶŐ ŚĂŵƉĂ ŚŝŶŐŐĂ ŬĞ ƚƵďƵŚ
ŽƌĂŶŐǇĂŶŐŵĞŶĞƌŝŵĂƉĞŵďĂĐĂĂŶƉĂƌŝƚƚĂ͘
ϴ͘ <ĞŬƵĂƚĂŶŽƚŽƌŝƚĂƐǇĂŶŐŵĞŵďĂĐĂŬĂŶƉĂƌŝƚƚĂ
KƚŽƌŝƚĂƐ ƐĂǇĂ ĚŝďĂŶĚŝŶŐŬĂŶ ƐĞŽƌĂŶŐ ďŚŝŬŬŚƵ ŬĞƉĂĚĂ
ƐĂƵĚĂƌĂ ĂŬĂŶ ďĞƌďĞĚĂ ĚĂůĂŵ ŵĞŵďĂĐĂŬĂŶ ƉĂƌŝƚƚĂ͘
KƚŽƌŝƚĂƐŶǇĂůĂŝŶ͘ĞŐŝƚƵ ƐĞŽƌĂŶŐ ďŚŝŬŬŚƵ ŵĞŵďĂĐĂŬĂŶ
ƉĂƌŝƚƚĂ͕ƐĞŵƵĂŵĞŶǇŝŵĂŬ͕ůĂŶŐƐƵŶŐǇĂŬŝŶ͘/ƚƵŬĞŬƵĂƚĂŶ
ŽƚŽƌŝƚĂƐ͘ :ĂĚŝ ŬĞƚŝŬĂ ŵĞŵďĂĐĂŬĂŶ ƉĂƌŝƚƚĂ͕
ƉĞŵŝŵƉŝŶŶǇĂ ƉĞƌůƵ ǇĂŶŐ ŵĞŵƉƵŶǇĂŝ ŽƚŽƌŝƚĂƐ͕ ŬĂůĂƵ
ƉĞƌůƵǇĂŶŐĚŝŬĞŶĂůďĂŝŬĚĂŶĚŝŚŽƌŵĂƚŝŽůĞŚŽƌĂŶŐǇĂŶŐ
ƐĂŬŝƚ͘
:ĂĚŝ ĂƉĂďŝůĂ ŝĂ ŵĞŵƉƵŶǇĂŝ ŽƚŽƌŝƚĂƐ Ěŝ ƐŝƚƵ͕ ĚĂŶ ǇĂŶŐ
ƐĂŬŝƚ ũƵŐĂ ƉĞƌĐĂǇĂ ŬĞƉĂĚĂŶǇĂ͕ ŝĂ ĂŬĂŶ ƐĞƉĞŶƵŚ ŚĂƚŝ
ŵĞŶŐŝŬƵƚŝŶǇĂ͘
ĞůĂƉĂŶ ŬĞŬƵĂƚĂŶ ŝŶŝ ƐĂŶŐĂƚ ĚĂŚƐǇĂƚ ĂƉĂďŝůĂ
ĚŝŬŽŵďŝŶĂƐŝŬĂŶ͘ DƵŶŐŬŝŶ ƐĂĂƚ ƐĞƐĞŽƌĂŶŐ ŵĞŵďĂĐĂŬĂŶ
ƉĂƌŝƚƚĂ ƚŝĚĂŬ ůĞŶŐŬĂƉ ĚĞŶŐĂŶ ϴ ŬĞŬƵĂƚĂŶ ŬŽŶĚŝƐŝ ŝŶŝ͕
ŶĂŵƵŶƐƵĚĂŚůƵŵĂǇĂŶŬĂůĂƵƐƵĚĂŚĂĚĂƐĞďĂŐŝĂŶŶǇĂ͘
149
KůĞŚ ŬĂƌĞŶĂ ďĞƌŝƐŝ ŬĞďĞŶĂƌĂŶ͕ ĚĂŚƵůƵ ŬĞƚŝŬĂ ƵĚĚŚĂ
ŵĞŵďĂďĂƌŬĂŶ ŚĂŵŵĂ͕ ďĂŶǇĂŬ ƵŵĂƚ ǇĂŶŐ ďĞůƵŵ
ŵĞŶĐĂƉĂŝƌĂŚĂƚĚĂŶƚĞƌůĂŚŝƌŵĞŶũĂĚŝĚĞǁĂƐĂĂƚŝƚƵǇĂŶŐ
ŚŝŶŐŐĂ ƐĂĂƚ ŝŶŝ ŵƵŶŐŬŝŶ ƐĂũĂ ŵĂƐŝŚ ďĞƌĂĚĂ Ěŝ ĂůĂŵ ƉĂƌĂ
ĚĞǁĂ͘ DĞƌĞŬĂ ŵĞŶĚĂƉĂƚŬĂŶ ƉĞŵďĂďĂƌĂŶ ŚĂŵŵĂ ĚĂƌŝ
ŵĂŶĂ ƐĞŬĂƌĂŶŐ͍ DĞƌĞŬĂ ŵĞŶĚĞŶŐĂƌŬĂŶ ƵůĂŶŐ ŚĂŵŵĂ
ĚĂƌŝƉĞŵďĂĐĂĂŶƉĂƌŝƚƚĂƚĞƌƐĞďƵƚ͘
:ĂĚŝ ŬĂůĂƵ ƐĞƐĞŽƌĂŶŐ ŵĞŵďĂĐĂŬĂŶ ƉĂƌŝƚƚĂ ďĞƌŝƐŝ
ŬĞďĞŶĂƌĂŶ͕ŬŚŽƚďĂŚƵĚĚŚĂ͘WĂƌĂĚĞǁĂŝƚƵƚĞƌƚĂƌŝŬƵŶƚƵŬ
ŚĂĚŝƌ͘ :ĂŶŐĂŶŬĂŶ ƉĂƌĂ ĚĞǁĂ͕ ŬĞƚŝŬĂ ƐĂƵĚĂƌĂ
ŵĞŶĚĞŶŐĂƌŬĂŶ ŬŚŽƚďĂŚ ŚĂŵŵĂ͕ ŬĞŵƵĚŝĂŶ ŬŚŽƚďĂŚ
ŚĂŵŵĂŝƚƵƐĂŶŐĂƚďĂŐƵƐ͕ĚĂŶŵĞŵďĂŶŐŬŝƚŬĂŶƐĞŵĂŶŐĂƚ͕
ŬĂƌĞŶĂ ĚƵůƵ ƉĞƌŶĂŚ ŵĞŶŐĂůĂŵŝ ŝƚƵ ŬĞƚŝŬĂ ƵĚĚŚĂ
ďĂďĂƌŬĂŶ͕ ŬĞŐĞŵďŝƌĂĂŶ ŵĞŶĚĞŶŐĂƌŬĂŶ ŚĂŵŵĂ ĂŬĂŶ
ŵƵŶĐƵů͘ <ĞƚŝŬĂ ďĂƚŝŶ ŐĞŵďŝƌĂ͕ ŵĞŶŽůŽŶŐ ŽƌĂŶŐ ŵĞŶũĂĚŝ
ůĞďŝŚ ŵƵĚĂŚ͕ ďĞƌĚĂŶĂ ŵĞŶũĂĚŝ ůĞďŝŚ ŵƵĚĂŚ͘ WĂƌĂ ĚĞǁĂ
ŵĂƐŝŚďŝƐĂďĞƌĚĂŶĂ͕ŵĂƐŝŚďŝƐĂŵĞŶŽůŽŶŐ͘WĂƌĂĚĞǁĂũƵŐĂ
ƚĞƌŐƵŐĂŚŵĞůĂŬƵŬĂŶŬĞďĂŝŬĂŶ͘
ĞŵŝŬŝĂŶůĂŚ ŬĞŶǇĂƚĂĂŶŶǇĂ͕ ƉĞŶũĞůĂƐĂŶ ůŽŐŝƐ ĚĂŚƐǇĂƚŶǇĂ
ŵĞŵďĂĐĂŬĂŶ WĂƌŝƚƚĂ͘ tĂůĂƵƉƵŶ ŬŝƚĂ ƚŝĚĂŬ ŵĞŵŝŶƚĂ
ŬĞƉĂĚĂ ƉĂƌĂ ĚĞǁĂ͕ ǁĂůĂƵƉƵŶ ƉĂƌĂ ƉĞŵďĂďĂƌ ŚĂŵŵĂ
ƚŝĚĂŬ ŵĞŵŝŶƚĂ ŬĞƉĂĚĂ ƐĂƵĚĂƌĂ͘ ^ĂƵĚĂƌĂ ƚĞƌŝŶƐƉŝƌĂƐŝ ŽůĞŚ
ŚĂŵŵĂ͕ ĂĚĂ ŽƌĂŶŐ ŵĞŵĞƌůƵŬĂŶ ĚĂŶĂ͕ ĂĚĂ ŽƌĂŶŐ ƐĂŬŝƚ͕
ĂĚĂŽƌĂŶŐŬĞƐƵƐĂŚĂŶ͕ĚŝŬĂƌĞŶĂŬĂŶŬĞŐĞŵďŝƌĂĂŶďĂƚŝŶŶǇĂ͕
ŝĂ ŵĂƵ ŵĞŶŽůŽŶŐ͘ DĞŶũĂĚŝ ůĞďŝŚ ŵƵĚĂŚ͕ ůĞďŝŚ ƌŝŶŐĂŶ
ĚĂůĂŵŵĞŶŽůŽŶŐ͘
150
WĂĚĂ ƐĂĂƚ ƉĂƌĂ ĚĞǁĂ ďĞƌŐĞŵďŝƌĂ ďĂƚŝŶŶǇĂ ŬĂƌĞŶĂ ƉƵĂƐ
ŵĞŶĚĞŶŐĂƌŬĂŶŚĂŵŵĂǇĂŶŐďĂŝŬ͕ŵĞƌĞŬĂŵĞŶũĂĚŝůĞďŝŚ
ƌŝŶŐĂŶ ƚĂŶŐĂŶ ƵŶƚƵŬ ďĞƌďƵĂƚ ďĂŝŬ͘ <ĞŵƵŶŐŬŝŶĂŶ ƉĂƌĂ
ĚĞǁĂ ŵĞŵďĂŶƚƵ ƉƵŶ ŵƵŶĐƵů͘ ƉĂůĂŐŝ ŬĂůĂƵ ƐĞƌŝŶŐ
ŵĞŵďĂĐĂ ƉĂƌŝƚƚĂ ƐĞĐĂƌĂ ďĞƌŬĂůĂ ƌƵƚŝŶ͕ ƉĂƌĂ ĚĞǁĂ ĚĂƉĂƚ
ďĞƌŬƵŵƉƵů͘ ^ĂƵĚĂƌĂ ŬĂůĂƵ ŵĞŶĚĞŶŐĂƌŬĂŶ
ŚĂŵŵĂĚĞƐĂŶĂͲŶǇĂ ďĂŐƵƐ͕ ĚŝďĂǁĂŬĂŶ ŽůĞŚ ďŚŝŬŬŚƵ͘
^ĂƵĚĂƌĂ ĂŬĂŶ ďĞƌĐĞƌŝƚĂ ŬĞƉĂĚĂ ǇĂŶŐ ůĂŝŶ͕ ĚĂŶ ĂŬĂŶ
ŵĞŶŐĂũĂŬ ƚĞŵĂŶͲƚĞŵĂŶ ƐĂƵĚĂƌĂ͘ ĞŵŝŬŝĂŶ ƉƵůĂ ŚĂůŶǇĂ
ƉĂƌĂ ĚĞǁĂ ĂŬĂŶ ŵĞŶŐĂũĂŬ ĚĞǁĂ ůĂŝŶŶǇĂ ďĞƌŬƵŵƉƵů
ďĞƌƐĂŵĂƐĞĐĂƌĂƉĞƌŝŽĚŝŬŵĞŶĚĞŶŐĂƌŬĂŶŚĂŵŵĂ͘
^ĂƵĚĂƌĂ͕ ƐĞĐĂƌĂ ƐŝŶŐŬĂƚ͕ ŬĞƐĞŚĂƚĂŶ ƚƵďƵŚ ŬŝƚĂ͕
ĚŝƉĞŶŐĂƌƵŚŝ ŽůĞŚ ϰ ŚĂů͘ ,Ăů ŝŶŝ ĚŝƉĞůĂũĂƌŝ Ěŝ ĚĂůĂŵ
ZƵƉĂƐĂŵƵƚƚŚĂŶĂ͕ ďŚŝĚŚĂŵŵĂ͘ ^ĞĐĂƌĂ ƉŽƉƵůĞƌ͕ ƵŶƚƵŬ
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x hƚƵ͗ dĞŵƉĞƌĂƚƵƌ͕ ŬĞůĞŵďĂďĂŶ͕ ůŝŶŐŬƵŶŐĂŶ ŚŝĚƵƉ͘
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ƚŝĚĂŬďĂŐƵƐ͕ƚƵŬĂƌďĂũƵ͕ƚƵŬĂƌŬĂŽƐ͘:ĂŶŐĂŶďĞƌŚĂƌŝͲŚĂƌŝ
ƚŝĚĂŬƚƵŬĂƌďĂũƵ͕ďŝƐĂũĂĚŝƐĂŬŝƚ͘
x <ĂŵŵĂ͗WĞƌďƵĂƚĂŶ͘
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WŝŬŝƌĂŶŽƌĂŶŐƚŝĚƵƌĂĚĂĚƵĂŬŽŶĚŝƐŝ͗ƚŝĚƵƌůĞůĂƉ͕ƚŝĚƵƌǇĂŶŐ
ƚŝĚĂŬůĞůĂƉ͘
dŝĚƵƌ ůĞůĂƉ ĂƌƚŝŶǇĂ͕ ƉƌŽƐĞƐ ƉŝŬŝƌĂŶŶǇĂ ĚĂƌŝ ďŚĂǀĂŶŐĂ ĐŝƚƚĂ
;ǇĂŶŐ ĚŝƐĞďƵƚ ŽůĞŚ ŽƌĂŶŐ ƵŵƵŵ ƐĞďĂŐĂŝ ďĂǁĂŚ ƐĂĚĂƌ͕
ƉĂĚĂŚĂů ƉŝŬŝƌĂŶ ŝƚƵ ƐĂĚĂƌ ƚĞƌƵƐ͕ ŬĂƌĞŶĂ ƉĂƐƚŝ ĂĚĂ ŽďũĞŬ
ŶǇĂͿ͕ ƚĞƌŝŶƚĞƌƵƉƐŝ ŽůĞŚ ƐƵĂƌĂ ŽƌĂŶŐ ǇĂŶŐ ďĂĐĂ ƉĂƌŝƚƚĂ͕
ƵŵĂ ďĞƌŐĞƚĂƌ ƐĞĚŝŬŝƚ͕ ůĂůƵ ŵĂƐƵŬ ŬĞ ďŚĂǀĂŶŐĂ ůĂŐŝ͘ :ĂĚŝ
ƐƵĂƌĂ ƉĂƌŝƚƚĂ ŝƚƵ ƚŝĚĂŬ ĂŬĂŶ ƚĞƌĚĞŶŐĂƌ ũĞůĂƐ ŽůĞŚŶǇĂ͘ /ƚƵ
ƚŝĚƵƌůĞůĂƉ͘
ƉĂďŝůĂ ĚĂůĂŵ ŬƌŝƚĞƌŝĂ ŬĞĚŽŬƚĞƌĂŶ ƐĞƐĞŽƌĂŶŐ ĚŝƚĞŶƚƵŬĂŶ
ƐĞďĂŐĂŝŬŽŵĂĚĂŶƚĂŬĚĂƉĂƚŵĞƌĞƐƉŽŶƐĞĂƉĂƉƵŶ͕ƐĞďĂŐĂŝ
ƵŵĂƚƵĚĚŚĂ͕ŝŶŐĂƚůĂŚďĂŚǁĂǁĂůĂƵƉƵŶĚŝƚĞŶƚƵŬĂŶŬŽŵĂ͕
ƉŝŬŝƌĂŶŶǇĂ ƚĞƚĂƉ ĚĂƉĂƚ ĚŝŝŶƚĞƌƵƉƐŝ ƉĂĚĂ ŬŽŶĚŝƐŝ ƚĞƌƚĞŶƚƵ͘
/Ă ŵƵŶŐŬŝŶ ƐĂũĂ ŵĂƐŝŚ ďŝƐĂ ŵĞŶĚĞŶŐĂƌ͕ ǁĂůĂƵƉƵŶ ĂůĂƚ
ŐĞƌĂŬƚƵďƵŚŶǇĂƐƵĚĂŚƚŝĚĂŬďŝƐĂĂƉĂͲĂƉĂ͘/ĂŵƵŶŐŬŝŶďŝƐĂ
ŵĞƌĂƐĂŬĂŶ ƐĞŶƚƵŚĂŶ͕ ǁĂůĂƵƉƵŶ ĚŝĂ ƚŝĚĂŬ ďŝƐĂ ďĞƌŐĞƌĂŬͲ
ŐĞƌĂŬ͘ /Ă ŵĂƐŝŚ ďŝƐĂ ŵĞŵŝŬŝƌŬĂŶ ƐĞƐƵĂƚƵ͘ &ĞŶŽŵĞŶĂ ŝŶŝ
ƚŝĚĂŬĚĂƉĂƚĚŝĚĞƚĞŬƐŝŽůĞŚĂůĂƚŬĞĚŽŬƚĞƌĂŶƐĂĂƚŝŶŝ͕ŶĂŵƵŶ
ďƵŬĂŶ ďĞƌĂƌƚŝ ĂũĂƌĂŶ ƵĚĚŚĂ ƚŝĚĂŬ ƐĞƐƵĂŝ ĚĞŶŐĂŶ ŝůŵƵ
ƉĞŶŐĞƚĂŚƵĂŶ͘ /ůŵƵ ƉĞŶŐĞƚĂŚƵĂŶ ƐĂĂƚ ŝŶŝ͕ ƉĞƌůĞŶŐŬĂƉĂŶ
ĂůĂƚͲĂůĂƚŶǇĂ ŵĞŶŐĂŶĚĂůŬĂŶ ϱ ŝŶĚĞƌĂ ĨŝƐŝŬ͕ ĚĂŶ ďĞůƵŵ
ĐƵŬƵƉ ĐĂŶŐŐŝŚ ƵŶƚƵŬ ŵĞŶĚĞƚĞŬƐŝ ƉƌŽƐĞƐ ƉŝŬŝƌĂŶ ƐĂŵƉĂŝ
ƐĞĚĞƚŝů ƐĞƉĞƌƚŝ ǇĂŶŐ ĚŝĂũĂƌŬĂŶ Ěŝ ĚĂůĂŵ ďŚŝĚŚĂŵŵĂ͘
&ĞŶŽŵĞŶĂ ŝŶŝ ƚĞƌďƵŬĂ ƵŶƚƵŬ ƉĞŶĞůŝƚŝĂŶ ůĞďŝŚ ůĂŶũƵƚ Ěŝ
ďŝĚĂŶŐ ŬĞĚŽŬƚĞƌĂŶ͕ ĨĞŶŽŵĞŶĂ ƐĂƌĂĨ͕ ƉƐŝŬŽůŽŐŝ͕ ĨŝƐŝŽůŽŐŝ
ĚĂŶƐĞďĂŐĂŝŶǇĂ͘
152
KůĞŚŬĂƌĞŶĂŝƚƵ͕ĂƉĂďŝůĂĂĚĂƚĞŵĂŶͬƐĂƵĚĂƌĂƐĞĚĂŶŐƚŝĚƵƌ͕
ƐĞďĞŶĂƌŶǇĂ ŬĞƚŝŬĂ ĚŝďĂĐĂŬĂŶ ƉĂƌŝƚƚĂ Ěŝ ŚĂĚĂƉĂŶ ŵĞƌĞŬĂ
ƚŝĚĂŬůĂŚ ĂƉĂͲĂƉĂ͕ ďĂĐĂŬĂŶ ƐĂũĂ͘ ĞŐŝƚƵ ƉƵůĂ ƐĂĂƚ ŽƌĂŶŐ
ƐĞĚĂŶŐŬŽŵĂ͕ďĂĐĂŬĂŶƉĂƌŝƚƚĂ͘
/Ŷŝ Ěŝ ĚĂůĂŵ ŝůŵƵ ŵŽĚĞƌŶ͕ ŝŶŝ ĚŝƉĂŬĂŝ Ěŝ ĚĂůĂŵ
ŚǇƉŶŽƚŚĞƌĂƉǇ͕ ƐĞďĂŐĂŝ ŚǇƉŶŽƐůĞĞƉ ƚŚĞƌĂƉǇ͘ ^ĞĐĂƌĂ
ďŚŝĚŚĂŵŵĂ͕ũŝŬĂŽƌĂŶŐƐĞĚĂŶŐŬŽŵĂ͕ĂƚĂƵƚŝĚƵƌ͕ŬŝƚĂďŝƐĂ
ďĞƌďŝĐĂƌĂ ƐĞƐƵĂƚƵ͕ ƉĂĚĂ ŬŽŶĚŝƐŝ ƚĞƌƚĞŶƚƵ ĂůŝƌĂŶ ďŚĂǀĂŶŐĂ
ĐŝƚƚĂ ƚĞƌŐĞƚĂƌ͕ ƚĞƌŝŶƚĞƌƵƉƐŝ͕ ĚĂŶ ƐĂŶŶĂ ĐĞƚĂƐŝŬĂ ƐĞďĂŐĂŝ
ŬŽŵƉŽŶĞŶĐŝƚƚĂƚĞƚĂƉŵĞŶĐĞƌĂƉŽďũĞŬ ĚĂŶ ŵĞŵĞŶŐĂƌƵŚŝ
ŬƵĂůŝƚĂƐďĂƚŝŶƐĞĐĂƌĂŬĞƐĞůƵƌƵŚĂŶ͘
^ĂŶŶĂ ĐĞƚĂƐŝŬĂ ŬĞƚŝŬĂ ŵĞŶĚĞŶŐĂƌ͕ ƚĞƚĂƉ ͞ďĞŬĞƌũĂ͘͟ ĂƚŝŶ
ǁĂůĂƵƉƵŶƚŝĚĂŬĚŝŵŝŶƚĂ͕ƚĞƚĂƉďĞŬĞƌũĂ͘,ĂůďĂƌƵĚŝƚĂŶŐŬĂƉ
ƚĞƌƵƐ ĚĂŶ ŵĞƌĞŬŽŶƐƚƌƵŬƐŝ ŬƵĂůŝƚĂƐ ďĂƚŝŶ ŬĞƐĞůƵƌƵŚĂŶ͘
ĞŵŝŬŝĂŶ ũƵŐĂ ĚĞŶŐĂŶ ŽƌĂŶŐͲŽƌĂŶŐ ǇĂŶŐ ďĞƌŵŝŵƉŝ͘ :ĂĚŝ
ŝŶĚĞƌĂŶǇĂ ďĞƌĨƵŶŐƐŝ͘ <ĞƚŝŬĂ ĂŶĐŚŽƌ ŝƚƵ ŚĂĚŝƌ ŬĞ ĚĂůĂŵ
ƉƌŽƐĞƐƉŝŬŝƌĂŶĚĂŶĚĂŚƵůƵƉĞƌŶĂŚĂĚĂƉĞŶŐĂůĂŵĂŶ͕ŵĂŬĂ
ĚĂƉĂƚ ƚĞƌďĂŶŐŬŝƚŬĂŶ ŬĞŵďĂůŝ ĚĂůĂŵ ƉŝŬŝƌĂŶŶǇĂ͕ ŵƵŶĐƵů
ďĞƐĞƌƚĂ ƐĞƉĞƌĂŶŐŬĂƚ ŬƵĂůŝƚĂƐ ďĂƚŝŶ ĐĞƚĂƐŝŬĂ ǇĂŶŐ
ŵĞŶǇĞƌƚĂŝŶǇĂ͘ ĂŶ ƚŝĚĂŬ ƚĞƌƚƵƚƵƉ ŬĞŵƵŶŐŬŝŶĂŶ ĚĂƉĂƚ
ŵĞŶŐĂŐĞƚŬĂŶ ŽƌĂŶŐͲŽƌĂŶŐ Ěŝ ƐĞŬŝƚĂƌŶǇĂ͕ ŬĂƌĞŶĂ ƚĞƌũĂĚŝ
ƌĞĨŽƌŵĂƐŝďĂƚŝŶǇĂŶŐŵĞŶŝŵďƵůŬĂŶƌĞĨŽƌŵĂƐŝũĂƐŵĂŶŝŶǇĂ͘
:ĂĚŝ ďƵŬƵ ǇĂŶŐ ƐĂƵĚĂƌĂ ƉĞŐĂŶŐ ŝƚƵ ƉĞŶƚŝŶŐ ƵŶƚƵŬ
ĚŝƉĂŚĂŵŝ͕ ĚŝƉƌĂŬƚŝŬŬĂŶ͕ ĚŝƐĞƌƚĂŝ ŬĞŬƵĂƚĂŶͲŬĞŬƵĂƚĂŶ ǇĂŶŐ
ŵĞŶŐŽŶĚŝƐŝŬĂŶŶǇĂ ĚĂŶ ĨĞŶŽŵĞŶĂ ĐĂƌĂ ŬĞƌũĂŶǇĂ ƚĞůĂŚ
ƐĂƵĚĂƌĂŬĞƚĂŚƵŝƐĞƐƵĂŝŬĞƚĞƌĂŶŐĂŶĚŝĂƚĂƐ͘

153
dĂŶǇĂũĂǁĂď͗
dĂŶǇĂ͗ <ĞƚŝŬĂ ŬŝƚĂ ƐĞĚĂŶŐ ƐĂŬŝƚ͕ ƐĞďĞůƵŵ ŵĞŵďĂĐĂŬĂŶ
ƉĂƌŝƚƚĂ͘DŝƌŝƉŬĞƚŝŬĂƐĞƐĞŽƌĂŶŐŵĞŵďĂĐĂŬĂŶƉĂƌŝƚƚĂƵŶƚƵŬ
ŽƌĂŶŐ ůĂŝŶ͘ ŝďƵĂƚ ƐƵĂƐĂŶĂ ŶǇĂŵĂŶ͘ ^ƵĂƐĂŶĂ ŶǇĂŵĂŶ
ďĂŐĂŝŵĂŶĂ ĐĂƌĂŶǇĂ ŬĂůĂƵ ŬŝƚĂ ƐĞĚĂŶŐ ƐĂŬŝƚ͍ ŚĂŶǇĂ ŬŝƚĂ
ƐĞŶĚŝƌŝƐĂĂƚŝƚƵ͕ƚŝĚĂŬĂĚĂŽƌĂŶŐůĂŝŶ͘
:ĂǁĂď͗ <ĞƚŝŬĂ ƐĂŶŐ ƵĚĚŚĂ ƐĞďĞůƵŵ ŵĞŵďĂďĂƌŬĂŶ
ŚĂŵŵĂ͕ ĚŝďĂŶŐŬŝƚŬĂŶ ĚƵůƵ ŝŶŐĂƚĂŶŶǇĂ͘ :ĂĚŝ ŬŝƚĂ ŚĂƌƵƐ
ŵĞŵŝůŝŬŝƐĂƚƵƉĞƌďƵĂƚĂŶďĂŝŬǇĂŶŐƐĂŶŐĂƚŵĞŵďĂŚĂŐŝĂŬĂŶ
ŬŝƚĂ͕ ƉĂƐƚŝ ŬŝƚĂ ƉƵŶǇĂ͘ /ŶŐĂƚ ƉĞƌďƵĂƚĂŶ ďĂŝŬ ŝƚƵ͘ <ĞƚŝŬĂ
ŵĞŶŐŝŶŐĂƚƉĞƌďƵĂƚĂŶďĂŝŬŝƚƵ͕ďĂŚĂŐŝĂďŝƐĂŵƵŶĐƵů͘<ĞƚŝŬĂ
ŵƵŶĐƵů͕ ŵĞŶũĂĚŝ ŶǇĂŵĂŶ͕ ďĂƌƵ ďĂĐĂ ƉĂƌŝƚƚĂ͘ /ƚƵ ĂŬĂŶ
ŵĞŵďĂŶƚƵ͕ ĚĂƌŝƉĂĚĂ ƚŝĚĂŬ ŶǇĂŵĂŶ ŵĞŵďĂĐĂ ƉĂƌŝƚƚĂ
ŵĞŶũĂĚŝŬĂĐĂƵ͘
ĂƌĂŶǇĂďĂŐĂŝŵĂŶĂ͍^ĂŵĂĚĞŶŐĂŶ<ĂŵŵĂƌĂŵĂŶĂĂƚĂƵ
<ĂŵŵĂŶŝŵŝƚƚĂĂƌĂŵŵĂŶĂ͘
ϭ͘ ŵĞŶŐŝŶŐĂƚ ƉĞƌďƵĂƚĂŶ ďĂŝŬ ǇĂŶŐ ƉĞƌŶĂŚ ĚŝůĂŬƵŬĂŶ
ǇĂŶŐ ŵĞŵďĂŚĂŐŝĂŬĂŶ͘ <ĞƚŝŬĂ ƉĞƌďƵĂƚĂŶ ƚĞƌƐĞďƵƚ
ŚĂĚŝƌ ƐĞďĂŐĂŝ ŽďũĞŬ ;ŬĂŵŵĂ ĂƌĂŵŵĂŶĂͿ͕
ƐĞƉĞƌĂŶŐŬĂƚ ĨĂŬƚŽƌ ďĂƚŝŶ ƉĞŶǇĞƌƚĂ ƉŝŬŝƌĂŶ ǇĂŶŐ
ŵĞŶŐĂůĂŵŝŶǇĂ ĂŬĂŶ ŵƵŶĐƵů͘ ĂƚŝŶ ǇĂŶŐ
ŵĞŵďĂŚĂŐŝĂŬĂŶƚĞƌƐĞďƵƚďĂŶŐŬŝƚƚĞƌĂůĂŵŝŬĞŵďĂůŝ͘
<ĞƚŝŬĂ ďĂŶŐŬŝƚ ƚĞƌĂůĂŵŝ ŬĞŵďĂůŝ͕ ďĂƚŝŶ ŵĞŶũĂĚŝ
ŶǇĂŵĂŶ͘ >ĂůƵ ďĂĐĂŬĂŶ ƉĂƌŝƚƚĂ͕ ŚĂƐŝůŶǇĂ ŵĞŶũĂĚŝ
ůĞďŝŚďĂŐƵƐ͘
154
Ϯ͘ <ĞƚŝŬĂ ŵĞůĂŬƵŬĂŶ ŬĞďĂŝŬĂŶ͕ ŵŝƐĂůŶǇĂ ďĞƌĚĂŶĂ
ďƵŶŐĂ ŬĞƉĂĚĂ ǀŝŚĂƌĂ͕ ŬĞŵƵĚŝĂŶ ƐĂƵĚĂƌĂ ŝŶŐĂƚ͕
ďĞŐŝƚƵ ŝŶŐĂƚ ďƵŶŐĂ͕ ŵĂŬĂ ƚĞƌũĂĚŝ ŵĂƉƉŝŶŐ ĚĞŶŐĂŶ
ƉĞƌďƵĂƚĂŶ ďĂŝŬ ƚĂĚŝ ŝƚƵ ŵĞŶũĂĚŝ ƐŝŵďŽů ͬ ŶŝŵŝƚƚĂ
ĂƌĂŵŵĂŶĂ͘^ŝŵďŽůĚĂƌŝŬĞďĂŝŬĂŶƚĞƌƐĞďƵƚƚĞƌͲƉĞƚĂͲ
ŬĂŶĚĞŶŐĂŶƉĞƌďƵĂƚĂŶĚĂŶƐĞƉĞƌĂŶŐŬĂƚĞŵŽƐŝƐĞƌƚĂ
ƉĞƌĂƐĂĂŶŶǇĂ͕ ƐŝŶŐŬĂƚŶǇĂ ŬĞďĂŚĂŐŝĂĂŶ ƚĂĚŝ͘ EĂŚ
ŬĞƚŝŬĂ ŵĞůŝŚĂƚ ďƵŶŐĂ͕ ůĂŶŐƐƵŶŐ ĚŝƐƵƐƵů ƚŝŵďƵůŶǇĂ
ŬĞŐŝƵƌĂŶ͕ ŬĞŐĞŵďŝƌĂĂŶ͕ ƚĞŶĂŶŐ͕ ůĂůƵ ďĂĐĂŬĂŶůĂŚ
ƉĂƌŝƚƚĂ͘
ĚĂ ǇĂŶŐ ŝŶŐĂƚŶǇĂ ƉĂƚƵŶŐ ƵĚĚŚĂ͕ ǇĂŶŐ ůĂŝŶ
ŝŶŐĂƚŶǇĂ ďŚŝŬŬŚƵ͘ĞŐŝƚƵŵĞůŝŚĂƚďŚŝŬŬŚƵ͕ ůĂŶŐƐƵŶŐ
ƚŝŵďƵů ŬĞďĂŚĂŐŝĂĂŶ ƚĂĚŝ͕ ŬĂƌĞŶĂ ƚĞůĂŚ ďĞƌĚĂŶĂ
ŬĞƉĂĚĂ ďŚŝŬŬŚƵ͘ ,Ăů ƚĞƌƐĞďƵƚ ŵĞŵďƵĂƚ ŶǇĂŵĂŶ͕
ŬĞƚŝŬĂ ŝƚƵ ƚĞƌũĂĚŝ ƉĂŬĂŝůĂŚ ƐĞďĂŐĂŝ ͞ďĂŚĂŶ ďĂŬĂƌ͟
ƵŶƚƵŬ ŵĞŵďĂĐĂŬĂŶ ƉĂƌŝƚƚĂ͘ ŝ ĚĂůĂŵ ϰϬ ƐƵďǇĞŬ
ŵĞĚŝƚĂƐŝ͕ ĂĚĂ ƐĂůĂŚ ƐĂƚƵ ƐƵďǇĞŬ ŵĞĚŝƚĂƐŝ ǇĂŝƚƵ
ĂŐĂŶƵƐƐĂƚŝ ;ƉĞƌĞŶƵŶŐĂŶ ŵĞŶŐƵůĂŶŐ ƉĞŶŐĂůĂŵĂŶ
ƉĞƌďƵĂƚĂŶďĂŝŬ͕ŵŝƐĂůďĞƌĚĂŶĂ͕ĚŝĚĂůĂŵƉŝŬŝƌĂŶͿ͘/ƚƵ
ƐĞďĞŶĂƌŶǇĂ <ĂŵŵĂ ƌĂŵĂŶĂ ǇĂŶŐ ĚŝƉĂŬĂŝ ƐĞďĂŐĂŝ
ŽďũĞŬ ƵŶƚƵŬ ŵĞŵďĂŶŐŬŝƚŬĂŶ ďĂƚŝŶ ŬŝƚĂ ǇĂŶŐ ďĂŐƵƐ͘
ĂƚŝŶďĂŐƵƐĚŝƵůĂŶŐͲƵůĂŶŐƚĞƌƵƐ͕ŵĂŬĂŬĞƐĞŵƉĂƚĂŶ
>ŽďŚĂ ŽƐĂ DŽŚĂ ŵƵŶĐƵů ŵĞŶũĂĚŝ ƐĞŵĂŬŝŶ
ďĞƌŬƵƌĂŶŐ͕ ĂŬŝďĂƚŶǇĂ ďĂƚŝŶ ŬŝƚĂ ƐĞŵĂŬŝŶ ďĂŐƵƐ͕
ƐĞŵĂŬŝŶŶǇĂŵĂŶ͘
155
Donator List - Daftar Donatur
Adelle Jewellery Alm. Tjoeng Njoen Moy
Aidawaty Alm. Tjong Tek Sun
Alex Purnama Dinata Alm. Wim Utomo
Alfian, Nobu Almh. Fui Ling
Ali Sarkawi & Kel Almh. Ho Pat Moi
Alm. Alianto Tandi Almh. Jap Khiuk Fa
Alm. Anton P Utomo Almh. Lim Oi Tjin
Alm. Dhamma Makuta Alvina Susanto Lie
Alm. Elina Christian & Kel Amelia Zagita
Alm. Giman Ampun Andre
Alm. Hartawan Wijaya Andre La
Alm. Hartawan Wijaya, Natalia Ang Bun Cin
Alm. Hiu Nam Lie Anggi, Elvira, Ragnar, Kazio
Alm. Ho Pat Moy Anonim
Alm. Holip Susantio (Tio Kiat Ho) Asmani Kiman
Alm. Husin Halim Aurelia Kalyana Husada
Alm. Lany Deserlyna & Para Baharatmo Prawiro + Kel
Leluhur Bartjuli michela max
Alm. Lim Fon Sen Betty
Alm. Lim Khiet Hien Brian Hanzel Finch
Alm. Lim Lay Siong Caroline
Alm. Lim Oi Tjin Christina
Alm. Liu Ling That Danny Soeyanto, Cung Ping
Alm. Liu Liung That Deiki Irawan & Sekeluarga
Alm. Lo Sie Nam Delfi V.P
Alm. Ma Thiam Sen, Ratna Rianni Desy
Alm. Ng Sai Ceng Djong Siu Khiuk
Alm. Oei Kie Tjioe Dr Wincent, Mak Dixon, Mak
Alm. Sebastia Daniel K Cindy, M Chen Lie Lie
Alm. Sim Swe Joeng Eddy Djunaidy
Alm. Tan Ng Poen Hai Eliana Djaelani
Alm. Tan Tek Pauw Elinny Suwita
Alm. Tetty Chandra Endru Suphato
Alm. Thong Lian Soeng Eng Tin
Alm. Tio Kim Ciang Fandi Wijaya Poeso
Alm. Tjio Long Hoei Fendy
Alm. Tjioe Tjo Tjiang
156
Fenny Kel. Chandra Wijaya & Leluhur
Gianto Kurniawan Keluarga Jhony & Rita Dewi
Go Swie Ing Keluarga Liauw Wie Men, Liani
Grace Amelia Junita
Gunarti Keluarga Natalia Huang
Guntur Keluarga Padmi Aryani, Arnen
Hanjoyo Rizal, Alm. Tjok Nam Chiang,
Hartanto Leman Almh. Lim Kim Nyah, Alm. Ngo
Haryadi Dharmawan That Wong
Haryanto Gunawan Kurniawan Santoso
Hastuti Lady Diana
Helin Lanny
Hendra & Keluarga Le Suat
Hermanto & Keluarga Lek Lek Sekeluarga naria
Herry Hartoyo & keluarga Leluhur Kel.Liauw Wun San Woen
Hidetake Imai & Kel Lie Hung
Hui Ling Lely Moniaga
Irena Lie Gwan Chu
Irene Iskandar Lie Lany, Alm. Lo Kurniawan
Iwan & Kel, Merry Lie Neng
Iwan Lim Liem Kwok Hwa
Jalita Janarati Liem Se Ho
Jang Say Tjoe Lilis Foundation
Jansen, Ken ken & Lia Lilyana
Jessica H.O Linawati
Jhonson & Kel Linda Lie
Jimmy Lindawati Tjiawi
Jimmy Boewono Rusl Lingodjaya Jatidjan
Johnny Lita Lianti
Johny Hanjaya Lo Hok Lay
Josephine Lo Se Tjui & Tjia Lian Hua
Juana Suwandana Lu Kam Peng
Jun Tjhin Madiyono
Junjun Rusli Mailina
Karen Liora Antonio, Karjani Marliana Siu
Kartika Sari Martini Lukman
Kel Maraton & Leluhur Mei Lin
157
Meiliana Siauw Suk Qin
Meivita Siek Mei Lan
Meliana Bong Silvy Lo, Piggaboo
Mendiang Lie Hap Co Skypro CCTV, Riani
Mendiang Liu Mie Ngo Sugianto / Liu Changhuo &
Mendiang Ong Bun Ie keluarga
Mendiang Tjhang Sak Bong Sugiarti
Merryani Sunarli
Metta/Budiman & para leluhur Susi Fajarai
Mimi Suwandi Juslian
Mirawati Mulyadi Swati Sotiniwati
Muliady Sylvia
Natalia Sylvia Irawati dan keluarga
Nelly Sylvia Sugianto
Nenny Satriadinata Tan Bing Kian
Netty Tan Gin Po & Cia Nie
NN Tan Ming Hoa
Nurlela Tasya benito, Siumiany Rivitri L
Ny. Lim Sioe Hoi Tauran
Oey Hoey Leng Telisa & Richard Riadidana, Elisa
Para Leluhur Natalia Huang Tenna Kartika Sari & Keluarga
Patricia Paramita Husada The Dian Wibowo
Patricia, Aurelia, Marcello Tirta Kartawinatta
Pie Lan Tirta, Mario, Regina
Prasetia Tjan A Leng N Kel
Ratna Isa Tjau Kiang
Riduan dan Keluarga Tjin Njuk Sim
Risbudiyani Tjin Thian Soe & Ibu Dahlia
Rosita Halim Tjioe Guek Kim
Saleh Sendiko Total Logam Kreasi
Santi Maria Oeistan Untung W.
Se Ho Venki Wibowo
Semua Leluhur Papa Mama Ikatan Victor Osman, dreamaxtion
Karma Vivi
Semua Leluhur, Papa, Mama yang Vivian H Franslay
Berkaitan dengan ikatan karma Vivien Goh
Shinta Widjaja Ir Wahyuni
158
Wati /Tiswa
Wihardi Susanto
Wijoyo
Williem Simadibrata
Winda Then & Keluarga
Wira
Yanti Kesuma Kwee
Yenny Marlina
Yenny Marlina
Yuliana
Yuliana Nandadevi
Yulie
Yurike Iskandar
159
TENTANG PENULIS
YM. Weragoda Sarada Maha Thero, Kepala Vihara Singapore Buddhist
Meditation Centre, telah dikenal sebagai penerbit buku yang paling
menonjol berkaitan dengan buku-buku Sang Buddha dan Ajaran Nya.
Beliau juga mempelopori penyebaran Ajaran Buddha ke seluruh dunia
melalui pemakaian serangkaian compact disc. YM. Sarada Maha Thero
telah menerbitkan lebih dari 280 buku, dan tercatat telah membagikan
jutaan salinan karya gratisnya, baik kepada perorangan dan organisasi
yang ingin mempelajari Ajaran Buddha.
YM. W. Sarada Maha Thero, yang pelayanannya dalam Buddhisme telah

mendunia, berasal dari selatan Srilangka. Beliau ditahbiskan sebagai
bhikkhu di usia dua belas tahun. Misi hidup Beliau untuk menyebarkan
pemikiran-pemikiran Buddha ke dunia modern yang terjerat dalam
perang dan kekerasan, dan berjuang keras mencari jalan
keluarnya. YM. Sarada Maha Thero telah memanfaatkan media
compact disc untuk mengkomunikasikan pesan-pesan Sang
Buddha tentang perdamaian bagi pemasalahan masyarakat
dimanapun di dunia ini.
BOOKS BY SAME AUTHOR :
Treasury of Truth - Illustrated Dhammapada

The Greatest Man Who Ever Lived - The Supreme Buddha
Parents and Children - Key to Happiness
The Only Path to Nibbana - Maha Satipatthana Sutta
The Highest Blessing - Maha Mangala Sutta
Nature of Life and Death
Morals of the Young
Vision of the Buddha
Life of the Buddha in Picture
The Buddhist Way of Meditation
Reflection on Death
Tri-lingual Treasury of Truth - Illustrated Dhammapada (CD ROM)
The Only Path to Nibbana - Maha Satipatthana Sutta (CD)
Nature of Life and Death (CD)
Buddhist Devotions (CD)
160

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i

SABBA DANAM DHAMMA DANAM JINATI

Judul Asli : BLESSINGS TO CONQUER SICKNESS

PC MAGABUDHI JAKARTA UTARA

Ukuran Buku Jadi: 150 x 210 mm

FOR FREE DISTRIBUTION ONLY

From : Fendy Fong <fendy.fong@gmail.com>

Dear Respected Ven. Weragoda Sarada Maha Thero,

Let me introduce my self, I am Fendy. On behalf of Mrs. Wenny Lo,

So, Mrs. Wenny Lo would like to ask for bhante permission to

We would be grateful if venerable can give the permission.

Respectfully with folded palms,

Preface / Kata Pengantar

Blessings to Conquer Sickness 1

Jaya Paritta 107

Paritta Perlindungan tentang 110

Supplement / Lampiran Tambahan

Bedah buku Blessings to Conquer Sickness 138

Donator List - Daftar Donatur 156

Tentang Penulis 160

T he Maha Kassapattherabojjhanga and the

In the Mahacundattherabojjhanga the situation is

M aha Kassapattherabojjhanga dan Maha

yaitu Perhatian, Penyelidikan terhadap Dhamma,

Dalam Mahacundattherabojjhanga situasinya

Sang Buddha. Beliau menanyakan kesehatan Sang

maupun oleh Sang Buddha yang mana kedua arahat

The Dhajagga Paritta refers to a war between the

Paritta Dhajagga mengacu pada perang antara Sura

Honour to Him, the Blessed One,

Such indeed is the Blessed One, exalted, omniscient,

Well-expounded is the Dhamma by the Blessed One,

Of good conduct is the Order of the Disciples of

This Order of Disciples of the Blessed One - namely

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4. Faktor pencerahan Kegiuran, Kassapa, telah diuraikan

5. Faktor pencerahan Ketenangan, Kassapa, telah

‘These seven factors of enlightenment, Kassapa,

‘Most assuredly’, O Blessed One’ they are factors of

6. Faktor pencerahan Konsentrasi, Kassapa, telah

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