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SUBJECT: CHEMISTRY
CHAPTER: Chemical & Ionic equilibrium,
IONIC EQUILIBRIUM
1. The most important buffer in the blood consists of
(1) HCl and Cl (2) H 2 CO 3 and HCO 3 (3) H 2 CO 3 and Cl (4) HCl and HCO 3
1 .0 10 16 mol 2
S 4
1 10 12 2
10 l
M M
3. The pH of the solution: 5 mL of , HCl 10 mL of NaOH is
5 10
(1) 5 (2) 3 (3) 7 (4) 8
1
Sol: (3) Milliequivalents of HCl 5 1
5
1
Milliequivalents of NaOH 10 1
10
M M
5 ml HCl 10 ml HCl
5 5
Hence the solution will be neutral i.e., pH 7 .
4. Given that the dissociation constant for H 2O is K w 1 10 14 mole 2 / litre 2 . What is the pH of a 0.001 molar
KOH solution
(1) 10 11 (2) 10 3 (3) 3 (4) 11
Sol: (4) pH 14 pOH 14 3 11
5. The pH of 0.1 M solution of the following salts increases in the order
(1) NaCl NH 4 Cl NaCN HCl (2) HCl NH 4 Cl NaCl NaCN
Sol: (2) HCl is strong acid. In its .1M solution, [H ] 0 .1 M and hence, pH 1
NH 4 Cl(aq ) hydrolyses in solution and give acidic solution which is less acidic than .1M HCl . NaCl is not
hydrolysed in aqueous solutions. Its pH 7 NaCN undergoes hydrolysis in solution to give alkaline
solution. So that pH increases in the order, HCl NH 4 Cl NaCl NaCN
Kh 1 10 9
Kh 2C ; 1 10 3
C . 001
7. If pK b for fluoride ion at 25 o C is 10.83, the ionisation constant of hydrofluoric acid in water at this
temperature is
(1) 1. 74 10 3 (2) 3 .52 10 3 (3) 6. 75 10 4 (4) 5 . 38 10 2
Sol: (3) K a Kb Kw
Kw 10 14
K a 6. 75 10 4
Kb 1 .48 10 11
8. If the hydrogen ion concentration of a given solution is 5 .5 10 3 mol litre 1 , the pH of the solution will
be
(1) 2.26 (2) 3.40 (3) 3.75 (4) 2.76
3
Sol: (1) [H ] 5 .5 10 mole/litre
pH log [H ] ; pH log [5 . 5 10 3 ] ; pH 2 .26
[salt]
9. Henderson’s equation is pH pK a + log . If the acid gets half neutralized the value of pH will be :
[acid ]
[ pK a 4 .30 ]
Sol: (2) AgBr are not dissolved in NaBr and HBr due to common ion effect. And pure water is a neutral
solvent. They do not have ions.
13. How many grams of CaC 2 O 4 will dissolve in distilled water to make one litre of saturated solution ?
(Solubility product of CaC 2 O 4 is 2 .5 10 9 mole 2 litre 2 and its molecular weight is 128)
(1) 0.0064 gm (2) 0.0128 gm (3) 0.0032 gm (4) 0.0640 gm
Sol: (1) CaC 2 O 4 is a binary electrolyte. Then solubility is
K sp S 4 S 2
K sp 9 10 12
S2 2 . 25 10 10
S 4 .010 4
17. For a sparingly soluble salt A p Bq , the relationship of its solubility product (LS ) with its solubility (S ) is
(1) Ls S p q . p p .q q (2) Ls S p q . p q .q p (3) Ls S pq . p p .q q (4) L s S pq .( p .q )p q
Sol: (1) Ap Bq ⇌ pA 1 qB p
Ls [ A q ]p [ B p ]q ( p S )p (q S )q S p q . p p .q q .
(3) OH H 2 O NH 4 HF H 3 O (4) H 3 O HF H 2 O NH 4 OH
CrO 4 2 10 4 then Ag 2 2 10 4
K sp (4 10 4 ) 2 (2 10 4 ) 32 10 12
21. According to Bronsted-Lowry concept, the correct order of relative strength of bases follows the order
(1) CH 3 COO Cl OH (2) CH 3 COO OH Cl
Sol: (3) Relative strength of bases can be shown by their conjugated acids.
Conjugate acid of OH is H 2O which is a weak acid conjugate acid of CH 3 COO is CH 3 COOH
which is stronger than H 2O . while conjugate acid of Cl is HCl which is strongest out of there. so the
order of relative strength of bases is OH CH 3 COO Cl .
Sol: (2) Smallest value of Kb indicates that aniline (C2 H 5 NH 2 ) is the weakest base.
25. HClO is a weak acid. The concentration of H ions in 0 . 1 M solution of HClO (K a 5 10 8 ) will be
equal to
(1) 7 . 07 10 5 m (2) 5 10 9 m (3) 5 10 7 m (4) 7 10 4 m
Sol: (1) [ H ] K a C 0.1 5 10 8 50 10 10 7.07 10 5 M
26. Upto what pH must a solution containing a precipitate of Cr(OH )3 be adjusted so that all of precipitate
dissolves
(When Cr 3 0 .1 mol / l, K sp 6 10 31 )
(1) Upto 4.4 (2) Upto 4.1 (3) Upto 4.2 (4) Upto 4.0
3 3
Sol: (4) K sp [Cr ][OH ]
6 10 31
[OH ] 3 K sp / Cr 3 6 10 30 ; [OH ] 1 .8 10 10
1 10 1
pOH (log 1 . 8 log 10 10 ) 10 0 .25 1 11 .25 ; pH 14 11 .25 2 .27
Sol: (1) H C
H 10 4
2 10 6
C 10
29. The pH of a buffer solution containg 0.2 mole per litre CH 3 COONa and 1.5 mole per litre CH 3 COOH is
(Ka for acetic acid is 1 . 8 10 5 )
(1) 4.87 (2) 5.8 (3) 2.4 (4) 9.2
[Salt] 0.2
Sol: (1) pH log K a log log [1 . 8 10 5 ] log 4 . 87
[Acid] 0 .1
30. 100 mL of 0 .04 N HCl aqueous solution is mixsed with 100 mL of 0.02 N NaOH solution. The pH of the
resulting solution is
(1) 1.0 (2) 1.7 (3) 2.0 (4) 2.3
Sol: (3) N1V1 . 04 100 4
N 2 V2 . 02 100 2
N 1 V1 N 2 V2 N 3 V3
4 2 N 3 200 , N 3 10 2 M
1 1
pH log 10 log 10 2.
H 10 2
31. An alcoholic drink substance pH 4 .7 then OH ion concentration of this solution is (K w 10 14 mol 2 / l 2 )
[OH ] 5 10 10
32. In its 0.2 M solution, an acid ionises to an extent of 60%. Its hydrogen ion concentration is
(1) 0.6 M (2) 0.2 M (3) 0.12 M (4) None of these
Sol: (3) [H ] C . , 0 .2 0.60 0 .12 M
1 .8 10 5
K b C 2 ; 2 ; 1 .34 10 3
.1
[OH ] . C 1 .34 10 3 .1
40 10 3 1
10 4 M
40 10
1 1
pOH log 10
log 10 4
[OH ] 10 4
pH pOH 14 ; pH 4 14 pH 10 .
35. Solubility of PbI 2 is 0.005 M. Then, the solubility product of PbI 2 is
(1) 6 .8 10 6 (2) 6 . 8 10 6 (3) 2 .2 10 9 (4) None of these
Sol: (4) PbI 2 Pb I 2
x 2x
K sp 4 x 3 4 (.005 )3 4 .005 .005 .4 10 6 .
2 [10 5 ] 2
K 10 11 .
V 10
37. Select the pK a value of the strongest acid from the following
(1) 1.0 (2) 3.0 (3) 2.0 (4) 4.5
Sol: (1) pKa then strongest acid
pKa then weak acid
1
pKa
Acidic strength
38. At 90°C, pure water has H 3O ion concentration of 10 6 mol / L1 . The K w at 90°C is
(1) 10 6 (2) 10 14 (3) 10 12 (4) 10 8
Sol: (3) H 3 O H 2 O H 6
10 6 10 6 10
2
[SO 2 ] [O 2 ] 0. 6 0. 6 0. 3
Kc 0. 675 .
[SO 3 ] 0. 4 0. 4
41. For the following homogeneous gas reaction 4 NH 3 5 O 2 ⇌ 4 NO 6 H 2 O , the equilibrium constant K c
has the dimension of
(1) Conc 10 (2) Conc 1 (3) Conc 1 (4) It is dimensionless
n
Sol: (2) K has the units of (conc. ) , where n 10 9 1
42. Consider the imaginary equilibrium 4A + 5B ⇌ 4X + 6Y. The equilibrium constant K c has the unit
(1) Mole2 litre-2 (2) Litre mole-1 (3) Mole litre-1 (4) Litre2 mole-2
Sol: (3) Unit of K c (unit of concentration) = (mole litre–1)n
n
n = 10 – 9 = 1
K c mol Litre–1.
43. For the reaction CO (g) 2 H 2 (g) ⇌ CH 3 OH (g) , true condition is
(1) K p Kc (2) K p K c (3) K p Kc (4) Kc 0 but K p 0
Sol: (3) When nr n p then K p K c
where nr = no. of moles of reactant
np = no. of moles of product.
1 Kp
44. For the reaction CO (g) O 2 (g) ⇌ CO 2 (g) ; is equivalent to
2 Kc
1
(1) 1 (2) RT (3) (4) (RT )1 / 2
RT
[C ]3
Sol: (4) K .
[ A]2 [ B]
53. If concentration of reactants is increased by ' x ' , then K becomes
(1) ln ( K / x ) (2) K / x (3) Kx (4) K
Sol: (4) There is no effect of change in concentration on equilibrium constant