CHEMISTRY PRACTICAL REPORT

TITLE
SALT HYDROLISIS

PRACTICAL DATE
28th FEBRUARY 2018

ASTRID LESTARY.
CLASS XI BOSTON

DATE OF SUBMISSION RECEIVED BY SCORE

5th March 2018

LABORATORIUM KIMIA SMA GLOBAL MANDIRI

JL. ALTERNATIF TRANSYOGI KM. 6
LEGENDA WISATA - CIBUBUR 16965
TAHUN 2018

A. OBJECTION
To determine the pH of salt solution using indicator solution and To learn
about the concept of hydrolisis.
 B. THEORY
Hydrolysis Of Salts: Introduction

Salt is a compound formed by neutralization reaction between an acid and a base.

They generally ionize in water furnishing cations and anions. The cations or anions
formed during ionization of salts either exist as hydrated ions in aqueous solutions
or interact with water to regenerate the acids and bases. The process of interaction
between cations or anions of salts and water is known as hydrolysis of salts. On
the basis of hydrolysis, salts are divided into three categories:
 Acidic salts
  Basic salts
 Neutral salts
Let us discuss hydrolysis of salts of the following types:

 Salts of strong acid and strong base: Salts formed by the neutralization

of strong acid and strong base are neutral in nature as the bonds in the salt
solution will not break apart. They generally get hydrated but do not hydrolyse.
Therefore, such salts are generally known as neutral salts.
For example: NaCl
  Salts of weak acid and strong base: Salts formed by the neutralization of
weak acid and strong base are basic in nature. For example: CH3COONa
 CH3COONa (aq) → CH3COO− (aq) + Na+ (aq) 
Acetate ion formed undergoes hydrolysis to form acetic acid
and OH− ions.CH3COO−(aq) + H2O ⇋ Ch3COOH(aq) + OH−(aq)
As we know acetic acid is a weak acid, it remains unionized in the solution. This
results in an increase in concentration of OH−  ions which makes the solution
alkaline.pH of the solution is greater than7.
 Salts of strong acid and weak base: Salts formed by the neutralization of
strong acid and weak base are acidic in nature. For example: NH4Cl 
NH4Cl(aq) → Cl−(aq) + NH+4(aq) 
Ammonium ion formed undergoes hydrolysis to form ammonium hydroxide
and H+ ions. 
NH+4(aq) + H2O ⇋ NH4OH(aq) + H+(aq) 
As we know ammonium hydroxide is a weak base, it remains unionized in the
solution. This results in an increase in concentration of H+ ions which makes the
solution acidic. pH of such solutions is less than 7.
  Salts of weak acid and weak base: Salts formed by the neutralization of
weak acid and weak base are acidic, basic or neutral depending on the nature of
acids and bases involved. For example: CH3COONH4.General mechanism
for the hydrolysis of ions formed from these salts:
CH3COO− + NH+4 + H2O ⇋ CH3COOH + NH4OH
Degree of hydrolysis in such cases is independent of concentration of solution
and pH of such solutions is given by:

pH= 7 + 12 (pKa – pKb)

Hence, we can say that the pH of a solution can be less than 7 or greater than 7
depending on the values of pKa and pKb.

C. EQUIPMENT AND MATERIALS

I. Equipment
 Drop Plate
 Drop Pippette
II. Materials
 CH 3 COONa solution
  CuSO 4 solution
 NaCl Solution
 FeSO 4 solution
 Parfume
 Teh botol
 Milk
 Facial wash
 Methyl red indicator
 Phenolphtalein indicator
 Bromothymol blue indicator

D. Working Process
1) Prepare all the tools and chemicals
2) Drop 3 drops CH 3 COONa onto drop plate. Add 1 drop of methyl red
solution, and write down the change of color that happens.
3) Drop 3 drops CH 3 COONa onto drop plate. Add 1 drop of
phenolphtalein solution, and write down the change of color that
happens.
4) Drop 3 drops CH 3 COONa onto drop plate. Add 1 drop of bromothymol
blue solution, and write down the change of color that happens.
5) Repeat the procedure for other salt solutions and drinks or solution
that you bring.

E. Observation Result.
No. INDICATOR CH 3 COONa CuSO 4 NaCl FeSO 4 PARFUM TEH SUSU FACIAL
SOLUTION BOTOL WASH

1 Methyl Red Red (terang) red red red red Red Red red
(gelap) (gelap)

2 phenolphtalein colorless blue colorless colorless colorless colorless brown yellow

3 Bromothmol Blue green yellow blue yellow yellow Coklat Hijau ke blue
hijau kuning-
kuningan
F. QUESTIONS
a) Write down the pH range and the change of color for each indicator
solution.
1. CH 3 COONa
Indicator Trayek pH Change of CH 3 COONa
color
Methyl red 3.1-4.4 Red-yellow Red
Phenolphtalein 8.2-10.0 Colorless-purple Colorless
Bromothymol blue 6.0-7.6 Yellow-blue green
2. CuSO 4
Indicator Trayek pH Change of CuSO 4
color
Methyl red 3.1-4.4 Red-yellow Red
Phenolphtalein 8.2-10.0 Colorless-purple Blue
Bromothymol blue 6.0-7.6 Yellow-blue yellow
3. NaCl
Indicator Trayek pH Change of NaCl
color
Methyl red 3.1-4.4 Red-yellow Red
Phenolphtalein 8.2-10.0 Colorless-purple Colorless
Bromothymol blue 6.0-7.6 Yellow-blue blue

4. FeSO 4
Indicator Trayek pH Change of FeSO 4
color
Methyl red 3.1-4.4 Red-yellow Red
Phenolphtalein 8.2-10.0 Colorless-purple Colorless
Bromothymol blue 6.0-7.6 Yellow-blue yellow
5. Parfume
Indicator Trayek pH Change of Parfume
color
Methyl red 3.1-4.4 Red-yellow Red
Phenolphtalein 8.2-10.0 Colorless-purple Colorless
Bromothymol blue 6.0-7.6 Yellow-blue Yellow
6. Teh Botol
Indicator Trayek pH Change of Teh Botol
color
 Methyl red 3.1-4.4 Red-yellow Red
Phenolphtalein 8.2-10.0 Colorless-purple Colorless
Bromothymol blue 6.0-7.6 Yellow-blue Brown
7. Milk
Indicator Trayek pH Change of FeSO 4
color
Methyl red 3.1-4.4 Red-yellow Red
Phenolphtalein 8.2-10.0 Colorless-purple Colorless
Bromothymol blue 6.0-7.6 Yellow-blue Hijau kekuning-
kuningan
8. Facial Wash
Indicator Trayek pH Change of FeSO 4
color
Methyl red 3.1-4.4 Red-yellow Red
Phenolphtalein 8.2-10.0 Colorless-purple Colorless
Bromothymol blue 6.0-7.6 Yellow-blue yellow

b) Draw the pH line for each solution!

Sample pH Line

CH 3 COONa

CuSO 4

NaCl
 FeSO 4

Parfume

Teh Botol

Milk
 Facial Wash

c) Determine the pH range for each solution!

d) Write the Hydrolysis reaction for each solution!

Sample Hydrolysis Reaction

CH 3 COONa + H2O
CH 3 COONa ⇌
CH 3 COOH + NaOH

CuSO 4 + H2O
CuSO 4 ⇌
CuOH + H2SO4

NaCl + H2O
NaCl ⇌
NaOH + HCl
 FeSO 4 + H2O
FeSO 4 ⇌
H2SO4 + FeOH

CH₃CH₂CH₂COOCH₂CH₃ + H₂O
⇌
Parfume
CH₃OH + CH₃CH₂CH₂COOH

C15H14O6 + H₂O
Teh Botol ⇌
(main structure of a tea is katekin)

Milk C12H22O11 + H₂O

(Susu yang menjadi asam itu ⇌
disebut asam laktat  disebut C6H12O6 + C6H12O6
laktosa. Dan untuk tambahan,
Laktosa merupakan senyawa
disakarida yang memiliki
struktur yang mirip dengan
maltosa. )

C4H6N4O3 + H₂O
⇌
Facial Wash
G. Conclusion
Based on the experiment above, we can conclued that there is 3 kinds of salt
solution, that consist of neutral, base, and acid. The one who neutral is NaCl, the
one who contain base is CH3COONa, and the one who contain acid is CuSO4. The
relation between base, acid and salt formation in the water, is :
 Salt that derived from strong base and strong acid tend to be neutral salt.
 Salt that derived from strong base and weak acid tend to be base salt.
 Salt that derived from strong acid and weak base ted to be acid salt.