UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA

FACULTY OF ARCHITECTURE, PLANNING & SURVEYING

DEPARTMENT OF SURVEYING SCIENCE & GEOMATICS

GLS 687 (AUTOMATION IN SURVEYING)

ASSIGNMENT: SUMMARIZE JOURNAL CADASTRAL POSITIONING

ACCURACY IMPROVEMENT (PAI): A CASE STUDY OF PRE-REQUISITE DATA
QUALITY ASSURANCE.

GROUP 5
(RAP2207B)

PREPARED BY:
AKRAM BIN ZULKIFLI (2017989629)

PREPARED FOR: Prof Madya Dr. Mohd Azwan bin Abbas

 1. INTRODUCTION

This system Positional Accuracy Improvement (PAI) is supported via the presence of GNSS
technological know-how where the technique of supplying manipulate points is less difficult to tie to
the network of cadastral databases. The common error in digitizing manner such as distortion of
supply map, digitizing operational errors and floor coordinate machine constituted a aggregate of
systematic and random errors. Today's cadastral database is a combination of statistics from various
sources, applied sciences and dimension methods depending on the approach of production and
measurement used in accordance to technological and criminal changes from time to time. This study
focuses on developing a comprehensive data planning for the development of the existing cadastral
datasets.

1. PROBLEM STATEMENT

- The process of transformation from hard copy type map to digital data map without considering a
proper coordinate system.
- The common error in digitizing processes of hard copy charts, such as distortion of the source map,
digitization of operational errors and ground coordinate system, mixed systematic and random errors.

2. METHODOLOGY

Methodology that used has been focused on three main phases that is datum traceability,
angular based least square adjustment and suitable setting for raw data weightage.

Issue Suggestions
The reliability of N-RTK i) Establishment of more stations: to reduce Inter-CORS distances to accommodate better accuracy of
network corrections wherever within the network.
ii) Improve network corrections by introducing regional atmospheric models.
iii) N-RTK techniques are unable to provide proper quality control, as N-RTK may provide incorrect
ambiguity fix and dependent on time of day and network geometry. Hence, rapid static techniques
should still be preferred over N-RTK
GNSS instrument i) The best verification method is still static observations connected to CORS with post-processed
calibration double differenced observables.
ii) Implement ISO 17123-8:2015 procedures for verification.
GNSS reference station i) Update GDM2000 regularly in order to maintain the alignment of the national geocentric datum to
accuracy the international standard, i.e., ITRF

3. RESULT AND ANALYSIS

The result has shown that the angular-based data modification will preserve the region that
has proven the preservation of boundary mark geometry. Previous work by Norshahrizan et al., (2017)
found that the standard area comparison deviation for angular data was 0.254, which is smaller than
0.292 bearing data. Based on the result, it indicates that angular-based data adjustment yielded
tolerance-level data sets compared to the NDCDB coordinate while improving the area and geometry
preservation of the original parcel.

5. CONCLUSION

This learn about proposes a new statistics preparation for PAI towards creating a complete
transformation system in changing legacy cadastral datasets to greater correct new dataset. Based on
the proposed methodology and previously evidence of the preceding study, this approach is predicted
to produce extra flexible and inexpensive in education of records PAI in the effort to transform
cadastral database from low accuracy legacy datasets to excessive accuracy datasets and in a
roundabout way assist organizations manage databases with extra efficient.