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Lect 1a - Introduction PDF
Lect 1a - Introduction PDF
Lecture 1a
Introduction and Reviews
FI: Miquilina A.
1
Mode of Assessment
SN Component Percentage
1 Independent work and Quizzes 20
2 Homework/Assignments & Lab Exercises 10
3 Mid semester 15
4 Final Project 15
5 Final Exam 40
3
Introduction
• Power Flow Analysis, Short Circuit Analysis and Transient Stability Studies are
the main Power System Analysis Problems.
• The purpose of a power system analysis is to understand how the power system
will operate in different configurations and when there are changes to the
system like capacitor switching (transient), a large motor starting (dynamic)
• Electrical engineers are concerned with every step in the process of generation,
transmission, distribution, and utilization of electrical energy.
• The electric utility industry is probably the largest and most complex industry in
the world.
• The electrical engineer who works in that industry will encounter challenging
problems in designing future power systems to deliver increasing amounts of
electrical energy in a safe, clean, and economical manner.
Introduction
• Generated power is usually in the order of 11 kV
• Genset→Unit transformer →
polar form is
polar form is
• Summary of relationships between phasors V
and I for constant R, L, and C elements with
sinusoidal steady-state excitation
Purely Resistive Load
Purely Inductive Load
Purely Capacitive Load
General RLC Load
Real Power
• Equation (2.2.10) shows that the instantaneous power PR (t)
absorbed by the resistive component of the load is a double-
frequency sinusoid with average value P given by
• The average power P is also called real power or active power. All
three terms indicate the same quantity P given by (2.2.11).
Power Factor
• Although it has the same units as real power, the usual practice is
to define units of reactive power as voltamperes reactive, or var.
Example 2.1
.
Complex Power
• For circuits operating in sinusoidal-steady-state
• Thus the sum of all phasor currents entering any node is zero
and the sum of the phasor-voltage drops around any closed
path is zero.