BOOK REVIEW IN COMMUNICATIONS Electronic Communications System By Wayne Tomasi

CHAPTER 15 ANTENNAS AND WAVEGUIDES

# DEFINITIONS TERMS

A metallic conductor system capable of radiating

1) Antenna
and capturing electromagnetic energy

Couples energy from a transmitter to an antenna or Transmission Lines

2)
from antenna to a receiver

A special type of transmission line that consists of a

Waveguide
3) conducting metallic tube through which high-frequency
electromagnetic energy is propagated.

Electrical energy that has escaped into free space in

Radio Waves
4) the
form of transverse electromagnetic waves

The plane parallel to the mutually perpendicular lines

5) of Wavefront
the electric and magnetic fields.

6) The ratio of radiated to reflected energy. Radiation Efficiency

Antenna wherein two conductors are spread out in a

Quarter Wave Antenna
7) straight line to a total length of one quarter
wavelength.

Vertical Monopole or
8) Another name for quarter wave antenna.
Marconi

9) A half-wave dipole. Hertz Antenna

A special coupling device that can be used to

Diplexer
10) direct the transmit and receive signals and provide the
necessary isolation.

Prepared By : MA. ELAINE L. CORTEZ 94

BOOK REVIEW IN COMMUNICATIONS Electronic Communications System By Wayne Tomasi

A polar diagram or graph representing field strengths

Radiation Pattern
11) or power densities at various angular positions relative
to an antenna.

Radiation pattern plotted in terms of electric field Absolute Radiation

12)
strength or power density. Pattern

Radiation pattern plots field strength or power density

13) Relative Radiation
with respect to the value at a reference

14) The primary beam of an antenna. Major Lobes

The major lobes that propagates and receive Front Lobe

15)
the most energy.

16) Lobes adjacent to the front lobe. Side lobes

17) The secondary beam of an antenna. Minor Lobes

18) Lobes in a direction exactly opposite the front lobe Back Lobe

The ratio of the front lobe power to the back lobe Front to Back Ratio
19)
power.

20) The ratio of the front lobe to a side lobe. Front to Side Ratio

The line bisecting the major lobe, or pointing from

Line of Shoot or Point
the center of the antenna in the direction of
21) of Shoot
maximum
radiation.

Omni-directional
Antenna that radiates energy equally in all directions.
22) Antenna

Prepared By : MA. ELAINE L. CORTEZ 95

BOOK REVIEW IN COMMUNICATIONS Electronic Communications System By Wayne Tomasi

Radiates power at a constant rate uniformly in all Isotropic Radiator

23)
directions.

24) The direction in which an antenna is always pointing. Maximum Radiation

It is defined as an equivalent transmit power. It stands

25) EIRP
for Effective Isotropic Radiated Power.

The equivalent power that an isotropic antenna

Effective Radiated Power
would have to radiate to achieve the same power
26) (ERP) or (EIRP)
density in the chosen direction at a given point as
another antenna.

The power density in space and the actual power

Captured Power Density
27) that a receive antenna produces at its output
terminals.

28) It describe the reception properties of an antenna Capture Area

29) Another name for capture area. Effective Area

The relationship of captured power to the received

30) power density and the effective capture area of the Directly Proportional
received antenna.

It refers to the orientation of the electric field radiated Polarization

31)
from the antenna.

The angular separation between the two half-power

32) (-3dB) points on the major lobe of an antenna's plane Antenna Beamwidth
radiation pattern.

The frequency range over which antenna operation Antenna Bandwidth

33)
is satisfactory.

Prepared By : MA. ELAINE L. CORTEZ 96

BOOK REVIEW IN COMMUNICATIONS Electronic Communications System By Wayne Tomasi

Feedpoint
34) Another name for antenna input terminal

The feedpoint presents an ac load to the transmission Antenna Input

35)
line. Impedance

The simplest type of antenna.

Another names for elementary doublet
 Short Dipole, Elementary Doublet
36)
 Elementary Dipole
 Hertzian Dipole

37) Any dipole that is less than one-tenth wavelength Electrically Short

Hertz antenna is name after him and he was the first

38) to demonstrate the existence of electromagnetic Heinrich Hertz
waves.

A single pole antenna one quarter wavelength long,

mounted vertically with the lower end either
39) Marconi Antenna
connected directly to ground or grounded through
the antenna coupling network.

Must be close
40) Main disadvantage of Marconi Antenna.
to the Ground

A technique use to increase the electrical length of Loading

41)
an antenna

A coil added in series with a dipole antenna which Loading Coil

42)
effectively increases antenna's electrical length.

A loading coil approximately increases the radiation 5 Ohms

43)
resistance of the antenna.

Prepared By : MA. ELAINE L. CORTEZ 97

BOOK REVIEW IN COMMUNICATIONS Electronic Communications System By Wayne Tomasi

An individual radiator, such as a half or quarter

wave dipole.
Two types of antenna elements
 Driven
Antenna Element
44)  Parasitic
Two Elements of a single antenna
 Two Wire
 Folded Dipole

Its purpose is to increase the directivity and

Array
45) concentrate
the radiated power within a smaller geographic area.

Elements that are directly connected to the

46) transmission Driven
line and receive power from the source.

Elements are not connected to the transmission line;

47)
they receive energy only through mutual induction with
a driven element. Parasitic

A parasitic element that is shorter that its associated

Director
48) driven element.

Radiation pattern depends on the relative phase of Driven

49)
feeds.

50) The simplest type of antenna arrays. Broadside Arrays

A widely used antenna commonly uses a folded

dipole
Yagi Uda
51) as the driven element and named after two Japanese
scientists.

Prepared By : MA. ELAINE L. CORTEZ 98

BOOK REVIEW IN COMMUNICATIONS Electronic Communications System By Wayne Tomasi

7 dB and 9 dB
52) Typical directivity of a yagi-uda antenna.

Formed by placing two dipoles at right angles to Turnstile Antenna

53)
each other.

54) A class of frequency-independent antennas. Log Periodic

A broadband VHF or UHF antenna that is ideally

suited
for applications for which radiating circular rather than
horizontal or vertical polarized electromagnetic waves
55) Helical Antenna
are required.
Modes of propagation:
 Normal
 Axial

Antennas having half power beamwidths on the

order
of 1o or less.
Microwave Antenna
56) Three important characteristics:
 Front-to Back Ratio,
 Side-toSide Coupling
 Back-to-Back Coupling

Antenna that provides extremely high gain and

directivity and are very popular for microwave
and satellite communications link.
57)
Two main part
Parabolic Reflector
 Parabolic Reflector
Antenna
 Feed Mechanism

The effective area in a receiving parabolic antenna Capture Area

58)
and is always less than the actual mouth area.

Prepared By : MA. ELAINE L. CORTEZ 99