PROPOSED DESIGN OF SUSPENSION BRIDGE CONNECTING

BANCOD AND MATAAS NA LUPAACROSS

JORDAN RIVER IN INDANG, CAVITE

Undergraduate Design Project

Submitted to the Faculty of the
College of Engineering and Information Technology
Cavite State University
Indang, Cavite

In partial fulfillment
of the requirements for the degree
Bachelor of Science in Civil Engineering

ROXCELL J. GLORIANI
MARK ANTHONY V. PULIDO
May 2017
 BIOGRAPHICAL DATA

The author, Roxcell J. Gloriani, was born on October 20, 1996 in Sta. Cruz,

Laguna. She is the third child among the five children of Mr. Ronaldo P. Gloriani and Mrs.

Rowena J. Gloriani.

She completed her elementary education in 2008 at Caluangan Elementary School in

Caluangan, Magallanes, Cavite and her secondary education at CaluanganNational High

Schoolin 2012.In the same year, she took and passed the entrance examination at Cavite

State University (CvSU) and studied under the Bachelor of Science in Civil

Engineeringprogram. She was a member of the Philippine Institute of Civil Engineers, Inc.,

Cavite State University – Student Chapter (PICE CvSU - SC).

She obtained her degree in May 2017.

ii
 BIOGRAPHICAL DATA

The author, Mark Anthony V. Pulido, was born on July 03, 1995 in PutingKahoy,

Silang, Cavite. He is recently residing at PutingKahoy, Silang, Cavite. He is the fourth child

among the five children of Mr. Ariel L. Pulido and Mrs. Merlita V. Pulido.

He completed his elementary education in 2008 at PutingKahoy Elementary School

in PutingKahoy, Silang, Cavite as class Valedictorian and his secondary education at Sto.

Domingo National High School in Sto. Domingo, Sta. Rosa City, Laguna in 2012 as class

Salutatorian.In the same year, he took and passed the entrance examination at Cavite State

University (CvSU) and studied under the program of Bachelor of Science in Civil

Engineering. He was a member of the Philippine Institute of Civil Engineers, Inc., Cavite

State University – Student Chapter (PICE CvSU - SC).

He obtained his degree in May 2017.

iii
 PERSONAL ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

This design project became a reality with the kind support, patience, knowledge

faith, time and effort of many individuals. The author would like to express their sincere and

endless gratitude to the following individuals whom in their own way contributed to the

completion of this design project:

Foremost, the author wants to offer this endeavor to our GOD Almighty for the

wisdom He bestowed upon her, the strength, peace of mind and good health in order to

finish this study.

Engr. Marcelino A. Dagasdas Jr., design project adviser, for his support,

encouragement, advices, and for his patience and time to answer questions regarding the

principles and design of bridge even during his day-off for the authors to achieve this design

project;

Engr. Renato B. Cubilla, technical critic, for his support and recommendations

regarding the design of the bridge as well as his shared knowledge on AutoCAD for the

architectural plans and details of the bridge;

Engr. Renato B. Cubilla, unit research coordinator, english critic and one of the

panelists, for his advices and support given to accomplish this project;

Engrs. Cene M. Bago, Rico A. Asuncion,Larry E. Rocela and Roslyn P. Peña, the

panelists, for their support, encouragement, assistance and advices shared for the completion

of this project;

Engr. Renato B. Cubilla, college research coordinator, and Dr. Marilyn M. Escobar,

college dean, for making the title, manuscript and final defense possible;

iv
 Ms. Joy Cajustin and Engr. Rodney Rodrin, for sharing their knowledge and support

that helped the author to fully understand and accomplish the study.

Team Bridge (Jozel, and Jessica), and Mang George, for sharing their knowledge,

support and encouragement for the completion of this design project.

Her classmates – SekCEfamily; most especially the Team Bancod, Perkin, Aimie,

Jarren, Regina, Michael, Cyril, and Gerome for their effort to share their knowledge,

encouragement and support for the authors to complete this project;

Her co-author, Anthony, for his time, support, patience and for being kind and

understanding partner;

Her family, Mommy, Daddy, Kuya Russel, Kuya Raven, Ricci and Ricca, for their

heartfelt support, encouragement and unconditional love, and for serving as an inspiration

for her to pursue this course;

Their CE family, third year and fourth year Civil Engineering Students Batch 2016-

2017, for the friendship and bonding, and their seniors for sharing their knowledge and

support to accomplish this project;

Above all, to Almighty God for His never-ending love and for providing her

strength, knowledge, guidance, and immeasurable support for the completion of this design

project.

The author would like to thank everybody who played an important role for the

successful realization of this study.

ROXCELL GLORIANI

v
 PERSONAL ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

This design project became a reality with the kind support, patience, knowledge

faith, time and effort of many individuals. The author would like to express their sincere and

endless gratitude to the following individuals whom in their own way contributed to the

completion of this design project:

Engr. Marcelino A. Dagasdas Jr., design project adviser, for his advices, support,

patience and for sharing his knowledge and time to answer the never-ending questions of the

authors regarding the analysis and structural design of bridge even during his day-off until

the completion of this design project;

Engr. Renato B. Cubilla, technical critic, unit research coordinator for his support

and recommendations regarding the design of the bridge and for sharing his knowledge and

effort on teaching the authors on how to make the architectural plans and details of the

bridge in AutoCAD;

Engrs. Cene M. Bago, Rico A. Asuncion, Larry E. Rocela and Roslyn P. Peña, the

panelists, for their support, encouragement, assistance and advices shared for the completion

of this project;

Engr. Renato B. Cubilla, college research coordinator, and Dr. Marilyn M. Escobar,

college dean, for making the title, manuscript and final defense possible;

His co-author, Roxcell, for her patience, support, encouragement and for being kind

and understanding partner;

vi
 Ms. Joy Cajustin and Engr. Rodney Rodrin, for sharing their knowledge regarding

bridges that helped the author to fully understand and accomplish the study.

Team Bridge (Jozel, and Jessica), for sharing their knowledge, support and

encouragement for the completion of this design project.

Team Bancod, Aimie, Jarren, Perkin, Regina, Gerome, Michael and Cyril, and

MangGeorge, for helping the authors in conducting the survey on the site of the bridge and

for sharing their knowledge regarding the analysis of the bridge.

Their sekCE Family, for sharing their knowledge regarding structural design;

Shane, Denver, BP, Geneve and Johnjonfor the fun, motivation, encouragement,

advices, non-stop support and cheerful words that gives courage to the author.

His parents, Ariel and Merly Pulido for providing the financial need of the author for

this design project and for encouraging and inspiring his to be more dedicated in completing

this study.

His family, KuyaMichael, Ate Bhaby, Ate Joy, and Meriel for their nonstop support,

motivation and unconditional love, and for serving as an inspiration for him to pursue this

course;

Above all, to Almighty God, our greatest mentor, for providing the researchers the

wisdom, patience, and determination to have this design project completed.

To them, this work is wholeheartedly dedicated.

MARK ANTHONY V. PULIDO

vii
 ABSTRACT

GLORIANI, ROXCELL J. and PULIDO, MARK ANTHONY V.Proposed Design of

Suspension Bridge Connecting Bancod and MataasnaLupa Across Jordan River in
Indang, Cavite. Undergraduate Design Project. Bachelor of Science in Civil Engineering.
Cavite State University. Indang, Cavite. May 2017. Adviser: Engr. Marcelino A. Dagasdas
Jr.

The analysis and structural design of this Suspension Bridge was conducted from

June 2016 to February 2017 at Cavite State University.

Indang has 36 barangays thatare mostly separated by creek or river. One of these

barangays where improvement of transportation system is needed is Bancod. It has limited

bridges and road networks. Therefore, a need for construction of a bridge across Jordan

River and a road network system for the residents ofthe MataasnaLupa and Bancod.

The objective of the study was to conduct an analysis and design of suspension

bridge across Jordan River in Indang, Cavite and road network system connecting Barangay

MataasnaLupa and Barangay Bancodusing engineering procedures, as well as to prepare

architectural and structural plans of the bridge, to provide the types of materials that will be

used in the construction, and to provide a detailed cost estimate of the entire project.

The estimated total project cost of the suspension bridgeisP351,850,000.00.

The Engineering Software STAAD (Structural Aided Analysis and Design) was used

in the analysis of tower. The guidelines set by the National Structural Code of the

Philippines for Bridges (NSCP) 1997, Department of Public Works and Highways (DPWH)

and American Concrete Institute (ACI) were followed in the design computation. The

maximum moment, shear and axial loads were the basis for the design.

viii
 All needed specifications were followed in the design process. Detailed analysis of

the design was proven safe and economical after the manual computation of the design.

The suspensionbridge was designed by applying the authors’ knowledge

andskills.Based on the conducted analysis of gathered data and design, a suspension bridge

across Jordan River connecting Bancod and MataasnaLupa is recommendedwith a minimum

span of 300.00 meters with a center span of 210.00 meters.

ix
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

BIOGRAPHICAL DATA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ii

PERSONAL ACKNOWLEDGMENT. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iv

ABSTRACT. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . viii

LIST OF TABLES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xiii

LIST OF FIGURES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xiv

LIST OF APPENDIX TABLES. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xv

LIST OF APPENDIX FIGURES. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xvi

LIST OF APPENDICES. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xix

INTRODUCTION. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

Statement of the Problem.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

Objectives of the Study. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

Significance of the Study. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

Scope and Limitation of the Study. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

Time and Place of the Study. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

Definition of Terms. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

METHODOLOGY. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

Survey and Inspection of the Proposed Project. . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

Data Gathering. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

x
 Detailed survey of the location. . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

Establishment of loads to be carried. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

Design Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

Structural Analysis and Architectural Plans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

Design of Suspension Bridge. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

Design of railings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

Design of rail post. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

Design of sidewalk. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

Design of deck slab . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

Design of deck girder and bracing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

Design of cable hanger. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

Design of main cable. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

Design of tower beam and bracing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

Design of tower column. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38

Design of tower footing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42

Design of anchorage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43

Design of abutment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44

Design of retaining wall. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48

Cable Works. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50

Form Works and Scaffolding. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51

Preparation of Cost Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55

xi
 Survey and inspection of the proposed site. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55

Structural Analysis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55

Design of pedestrian railing and post. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55

Design of traffic railing and post. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . 56

Design of sidewalk. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56

Design of slab. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57

Design of deck girder and bracing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58

Design of cable hanger. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58

Design of main cable. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

Design of tower. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

Design of anchorage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . 61

Design of abutment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62

Design of retaining wall. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63

Detailed estimate of the project. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . 64

SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS. . . . . . . . . . 66

Summary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66

Conclusions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 68

Recommendations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69

REFERENCES. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70

APPENDICES. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72

xii
 LIST OF TABLES

Table Page

1 Unit weight of different materials (NSCP 1997). . . . . . . . . . . 21

xiii
 LIST OF FIGURES

Figure Page

1 Typical elevation view of a bridge. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

2 Superstructure of a suspension bridge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

3 Parts of a suspension bridge. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

4 Perspective view of suspension bridge across Jordan River.. . 64

xiv
 LIST OF APPENDIX TABLES

Appendix
Page
Table

1 Bill of materials of the bridge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73

2 Bill of materials of the road network. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77

3 Concrete proportion. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . 78

4 Philippine standard weight of reinforcing bars. . . . . . . . . . 79

5 Quantity of lumber for scaffolding or staging. . . . . . . . . . . 80

xv
 LIST OF APPENDIX FIGURES

Appendix
Page
Figure
1 Perspective view of suspension bridge. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82

2 Side elevation of suspension bridge. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83

3 Roadway. . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84

4 Cross-sectional view of suspension bridge . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85

5 Section top view. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86

6 Detail of pedestrian rail post and railing. . . . . . . .. . . . . . . 87

7 Detail of traffic rail post and railing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88

8 Detail of pedestrian and traffic rail post and railing . . . . . . . 89

9 Detail of sidewalk. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90

10 Detail of floor framing system. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91

11 Detail of girders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . 92

12 Detail of diaphragm .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93

13 Detail of cross bracing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94

14 Girder to girder connections. . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . 95

15 Girder to diaphragm connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96

16 Cross bracing connections. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . .97

17 Detail of cable hanger and main cable. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98

18 Connection between girder and cable hanger. . . . . . . . . . . . 99

xvi
19 Detail of tower column. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100

20 Detail of tower column. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101

21 Detail of tower beam. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102

22 Detail of tower beam. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103

23 Detail of tower bracing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104

24 Detail of tower footing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105

25 Detail of anchorage (plan). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106

26 Detail of anchorage (section). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107

27 Detail of abutment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108

28 Detail of retaining wall. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109

29 Connection between main cable and cable hanger. . . . . . . . 110

30 Tower saddle. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111

31 Connection between main cable and anchorage. . . . . . . . . . 112

32 Mataas naLupa to Bancod Road Network. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113

33 Mataas naLupa to Bancod Road Network. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114

34 Mataas naLupa to Bancod Road Network. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115

35 Mataas naLupa to Bancod Road Network. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116

36 Mataas naLupa to Bancod Road Network. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117

37 Mataas naLupa to Bancod Road Network. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118

38 Mataas naLupa to Bancod Road Network. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119

xvii
39 Proposed location of the bridge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120

40 Proposed road network system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121

41 Design of horizontal curve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122

xviii
 LIST OF APPENDICES

Appendix Page

1 Appendix Tables. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73

2 Appendix Figures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81

3 Design computations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123

4 Detailed estimate of suspension bridge. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 287

5 Road network elevations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 335

6 Road network detailed estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 347

7 Design of horizontal curve. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 359

8 Forms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 361

xix