‫ﺑﻨﻮ ﻗﺮﻳﻈﺔ‬

‫ﺑﻨﻮ ﻗﺮﻳﻈﺔ‪ ،‬ﻫﻲ ﻗﺒﻴﻠﺔ ﻳﻬﻮدﻳﺔ ﻋﺎﺷﺖ ﻓﻲ ﺷﺒﺔ اﻟﺠﺰﻳﺮة اﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺣﺘﻰ اﻟﻘﺮن اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻊ‪ ،‬ﻓﻲ ﻳﺜﺮب‪.‬‬

‫ﻳﻨﺘﺴﺒﻮن إﻟﻰ ‪) :‬ﻗﺮﻳﻈﺔ ﺑﻦ اﻟﻨﻤﺎم ﺑﻦ اﻟﺨﺰرج ﺑﻦ اﻟﺼﺮﻳﺢ ﺑﻦ اﻟﺴﺒﻂ ﺑﻦ اﻟﻴﺴﻊ ﺑﻦ ﺳﻌﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻻوي ﺑﻦ ﺟﺒﺮ ﺑﻦ اﻟﻨﻤﺎم‬
‫ﺑﻦ ﻋﺎزر ﺑﻦ ﻋﻴﺰر ﺑﻦ ﻫﺎرون ﺑﻦ ﻋﻤﺮان(]‪.[2][1‬‬

‫ﻣﺤﺘﻮﻳﺎت‬
‫ﺧﻠﻔﻴﺔ ﺗﺎرﻳﺨﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻏﺰوة اﻟﺨﻨﺪق‬

‫اﻟﺤﺼﺎر واﻻﺳﺘﺴﻼم‬
‫ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺔ ﺑﻨﻮ ﻗﺮﻳﻈﺔ‬

‫ﻧﻘﺪ ﻟﺮواﻳﺔ اﺑﻦ اﺳﺤﺎق واﺑﻦ ﻫﺸﺎم‬

‫اﻟﻤﺮاﺟﻊ‬

‫اﻧﻈﺮ أﻳﻀﺎ‬

‫وﺻﻼت ﺧﺎرﺟﻴﺔ‬

‫ﺧﻠﻔﻴﺔ ﺗﺎرﻳﺨﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺴﻦ ﻣﻦ‬
‫رﺣﻠﺖ اﻟﻘﺒﺎﺋﻞ اﻟﻴﻬﻮدﻳﺔ إﻟﻰ اﻟﺤﺠﺎز ﻓﻲ أﻋﻘﺎب اﻟﺤﺮوب اﻟﻴﻬﻮدﻳﺔ اﻟﺮوﻣﺎﻧﻴﺔ واﻣﺘﻬﻨﻮا اﻟﺰراﻋﺔ‪ ،‬ﻣﻤﺎ ﺣ ّ‬
‫]‪[3][1‬‬
‫أوﺿﺎﻋﻬﻢ اﻟﺜﻘﺎﻓﻴﺔ واﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎدﻳﺔ‪.‬‬

‫]‪[4][1] [1‬‬
‫‪ ،‬وﻗﺪ ﻛﺘﺐ أﺑﻮ اﻟﻔﺮج اﻷﺻﻔﻬﺎﻧﻲ ﻓﻲ ﻛﺘﺎب اﻷﻏﺎﻧﻲ أن اﻟﻴﻬﻮد‬ ‫‪.‬‬ ‫ﻓﻲ اﻟﻘﺮن اﻟﺨﺎﻣﺲ‪ ،‬ارﺗﺤﻠﻮا إﻟﻲ ﻳﺜﺮب‪،‬‬
‫وﺻﻠﻮا ﻓﻲ اﻟﺤﺠﺎز ﻓﻲ أﻋﻘﺎب ﺣﺮوب ﺑﻴﻦ اﻟﻴﻬﻮد واﻟﺮوم‪ .‬اﻣﺘﻬﻦ اﻟﻴﻬﻮد اﻟﺰراﻋﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻳﺜﺮب‪ ،‬ﻓﺰرﻋﻮا اﻟﻨﺨﻴﻞ‬
‫]‪[3‬‬
‫واﻟﺤﺒﻮب‪ [1]،‬وﻫﺬه اﻟﻤﻴﺰة ﻣﻜﻨﺘﻬﻢ ﻣﻦ اﻻزدﻫﺎر اﻗﺘﺼﺎدﻳﺎ‪.‬‬

‫ﻣﻊ دﺧﻮل ﻗﺒﻴﻠﺘﻲ اﻷوس واﻟﺨﺰرج اﻟﻤﺪﻳﻨﺔ اﻟﻤﻨﻮرة‪ ،‬أﺻﺒﺤﺘﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻋﺪاء‪ .‬ﻟﻔﺘﺮة وﺻﻠﺖ ﻟﺤﻮاﻟﻲ ﻣﺎﺋﺔ ﻋﺎم ﻗﺒﻞ ﻋﺎم‬
‫]‪[6][5][4][3‬‬
‫‪ [5].620‬ﺗﺤﺎﻟﻒ ﺑﻨﻮ اﻟﻨﻀﻴﺮ وﺑﻨﻮ ﻗﺮﻳﻈﺔ ﻣﻊ اﻷوس‪.‬‬

‫]‪[4‬‬ ‫]‪[8][7‬‬
‫ﻛﺎﻧﺖ‬ ‫دﺧﻞ اﻷوس واﻟﺨﺰرج وﺣﻠﻔﺎﺋﻬﻢ اﻟﻴﻬﻮد ﻓﻲ أرﺑﻊ ﺣﺮوب‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ،‬ﻓﻲ ﺣﻴﻦ اﻧﺤﺎزت ﺑﻨﻮ ﻗﻴﻨﻘﺎع ﻣﻊ اﻟﺨﺰرج‪.‬‬
‫]‪[5][4‬‬
‫أﺷﺪﻫﺎ وأﻛﺜﺮﻫﺎ دﻣﻮﻳﺔ ﻳﻮم ﺑﻌﺎث‪.‬‬

‫ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻟﺒﻨﻮ ﻗﺮﻳﻈﺔ ﻗﻮة ﻋﺴﻜﺮﻳﺔ ﻫﻴﻤﻨﺖ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻤﺪﻳﻨﺔ و ﻣﺎ ﺟﺎورﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﺣﻴﺚ اﻣﺘﻬﻨﻮا أﻳﻀﺎ ﺻﻨﺎﻋﺔ أﻧﻮاع ﻣﻦ‬
‫]‪[10][9‬‬
‫اﻷﺳﻠﺤﺔ‬
‫إﻟﻰ ﻳﺜﺮب‪ ،‬وﻋﻘﺪ ﺻﺤﻴﻔﺔ اﻟﻤﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﺑﻴﻦ اﻟﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻦ وﺳﻜﺎن ﻳﺜﺮب ﻣﻦ ﻏﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎم ‪ ،622‬ﻫﺎﺟﺮ اﻟﻨﺒﻲ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ‬
‫اﻟﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻦ‪ .‬وﻣﻨﻬﻢ ﺳﻴﺪ ﺑﻨﻲ ﻗﺮﻳﻈﺔ ﻛﻌﺐ ﺑﻦ أﺳﻌﺪ‪ ،‬وﻧﺼﺖ ﻋﻠﻰ أن ﻟﻠﻴﻬﻮد دﻳﻨﻬﻢ‪ ،‬وﻟﻠﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻦ دﻳﻨﻬﻢ‪ ،‬وﻫﻢ أﺣﻼف‬
‫]‪[13][12][11][11][1][1‬‬
‫ﻣﻊ ﺗﺰاﻳﺪ أﻋﺪاد اﻟﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻦ ﺗﻮﺗﺮت اﻟﻌﻼﻗﺎت ﺑﻴﻨﻬﻢ وﺑﻴﻦ‬ ‫أذا ﺗﺤﺎرﺑﻮا وأﻻ ﻳﻐﺪر أﺣﺪﻫﻢ ﺑﺎﻵﺧﺮ‪.‬‬
‫]‪[5‬‬
‫اﻟﻴﻬﻮد‪.‬‬

‫]‪[14‬‬
‫ﻗﺎم ﻳﻬﻮد ﺑﻨﻮ ﻗﺮﻳﻈﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻐﺪر ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎم ‪ ،627‬ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﺣﺎﺻﺮت ﻗﺮﻳﺶ وﺣﻠﻔﺎﺋﻬﺎ اﻟﻤﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻏﺰوة اﻟﺨﻨﺪق‬
‫]‪[16][15‬‬
‫اﻟﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻦ وﺗﺤﺎﻟﻔﻮا ﻣﻊ اﻟﻤﺸﺮﻛﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﻟﺬﻟﻚ ﺑﻌﺪ ﻫﺰﻳﻤﺔ ﻗﺮﻳﺶ وﺣﻠﻔﺎﺋﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﺣﺎﺻﺮ اﻟﻤﺴﻠﻤﻮن ﻗﺒﻴﻠﺔ ﻗﺮﻳﻈﺔ‪.‬‬
‫]‪[18][17][16][15‬‬
‫وﻓﻲ اﻟﻨﻬﺎﻳﺔ اﺳﺘﺴﻠﻤﺖ ﺑﻨﻮ ﻗﺮﻳﻈﺔ‪ ،‬وﻗﺘﻞ رﺟﺎﻟﻬﻢ‪ ،‬وﻓﻲ ﺣﻴﻦ ﺳﺒﻴﺖ ﻧﺴﺎﺋﻬﻢ وأﻃﻔﺎﻟﻬﻢ‪.‬‬

‫]‪[19‬‬
‫ﻗﻢ دﺧﻠﻮا ﻓﻲ ﺻﺮاع ﻣﻊ ﺑﻨﻮ اﻟﻨﻀﻴﺮ ﺛﻢ ﻗﺎﻣﻮا ﻃﺮدﻫﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ ذﻟﻚ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎم اﻟﻤﺴﻠﻤﻮن ﺑﻄﺮد ﺑﻨﻮ ﻗﻴﻨﻘﺎع ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﺪﻳﻨﺔ‪.‬‬
‫أﻳﻀﺎ‪.‬‬

‫ﻏﺰوة اﻟﺨﻨﺪق‬
‫ﻓﻲ اﻟﻌﺎم اﻟﺨﺎﻣﺲ ﻟﻠﻬﺠﺮة‪ ،‬ﺗﺤﺎﻟﻔﺖ ﻗﺮﻳﺶ ﻣﻊ ﺑﻌﺾ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻴﻨﻬﺎ ﺑﻨﻮ‬
‫اﻟﻨﻀﻴﺮ‪ [22][21][20]،‬ﻟﻐﺰو اﻟﻤﺪﻳﻨﺔ وﻓﺮض ﺣﺼﺎر ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‪ .‬ﻓﻀّﻠﺖ ﺑﻨﻮ ﻗﺮﻳﻈﺔ‬
‫اﻟﺤﻴﺎد]‪ [14‬زودوا اﻟﻤﺪاﻓﻌﻴﻦ ﻋﻦ اﻟﻤﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺠﺎرف واﻟﻤﻌﺎول ﻟﺤﻔﺮ ﺧﻨﺪق‬
‫]‪[23‬‬
‫ﻟﻜﻨﻬﺎ ﻏﻴﺮت ﻣﻮﻗﻔﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ وﻗﺖ ﻻﺣﻖ‪،‬‬ ‫دﻓﺎﻋﻲ ﻟﻠﺪﻓﺎع ﻋﻦ اﻟﻤﺪﻳﻨﺔ‪.‬‬
‫]‪[14][1‬‬
‫ﺣﻴﺚ دﺧﻠﺖ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻔﺎوﺿﺎت ﻣﻊ اﻷﺣﺰاب‪.‬‬

‫أﺛﻨﺎء اﻟﺤﺼﺎر‪ ،‬اﺳﺘﻘﺒﻠﺖ ﺑﻨﻮ ﻗﺮﻳﻈﺔ ﺣﻴﻲ ﺑﻦ أﺧﻄﺐ ﺳﻴﺪ ﺑﻨﻲ اﻟﻨﻀﻴﺮ‬
‫اﻟﺬي ﺣﺮض ﻋﻠﻰ ﻫﺬا اﻟﺘﺤﺎﻟﻒ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻗﺒﻴﻠﺘﻪ ﻣﻊ ﻗﺮﻳﺶ وﻏﻄﻔﺎن‪ [24].‬وأﻗﻨﻊ‬
‫ﻛﻌﺐ ﺑﻦ أﺳﻌﺪ ﺑﻤﺴﺎﻋﺪة اﻷﺣﺰاب‪ .‬ﻛﻌﺐ ﻛﺎن ﻓﻲ اﻟﺒﺪاﻳﺔ ﻣﺘﺮدد‪ ،‬وﺟﺎدل‬
‫ﺑﺄن ﻣﺤﻤﺪا ﻟﻢ ﻳﺨﺎﻟﻒ اﻟﻌﻬﺪ ﻣﻌﻬﻢ‪ ،‬ﻟﻜﻨﻪ ﻗﺮر ﺗﻘﺪﻳﻢ اﻟﺪﻋﻢ ﻟﻸﺣﺰاب‬
‫رﺳﻢ ﻓﺎرﺳﻲ ﻳﺼﻮر ﻏﺰوة ﺑﻨﻲ ﻗﺮﻳﻈﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪﻣﺎ وﻋﺪه ﺣﻴﻲ ﺑﺎﻻﻧﻀﻤﺎم إﻟﻰ ﺑﻨﻲ ﻗﺮﻳﻈﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﺪﻳﻨﺔ‪ ،‬إذا ﻛﺎن ﻋﺎد‬
‫]‪[26][25][1‬‬
‫اﻷﺣﺰاب إﻟﻰ ﻣﻜﺔ دون اﻧﺘﺼﺎر‪.‬‬

‫]‪[27‬‬
‫أﺛﺎر ذﻟﻚ ﻗﻠﻖ‬ ‫اﻧﺘﺸﺮت ﺷﺎﺋﻌﺎت ﻋﻦ ﺧﻴﺎﻧﺔ ﺑﻨﻲ ﻗﺮﻳﻈﺔ وأﻛﺪﺗﻬﺎ رﺳﻞ اﻟﻨﺒﻲ ﺳﻌﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻣﻌﺎذ وﺳﻌﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺎدة‪.‬‬
‫]‪[1‬‬
‫ﻓﺄﻣﺮ اﻟﻨﺒﻲ ﻧﻌﻴﻢ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺴﻌﻮد‪ ،‬وﻫﻮ ﻣﻦ ﺳﺎدات ﻏﻄﻔﺎن اﻟﺬي‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻦ ﻷن ذﻟﻚ ﻳﻌﻨﻲ اﻧﻬﻴﺎر دﻓﺎﻋﺎت اﻟﻤﺪﻳﻨﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﻛﺎن ﻗﺪ اﻋﺘﻨﻖ اﻹﺳﻼم ﺳﺮا‪ ،‬أن ﻳﺬﻫﺐ إﻟﻰ اﻟﻤﺤﺎﺻﺮﻳﻦ وﻳﻔﺸﻞ ﻣﺨﻄﻂ اﻟﺘﺤﺎﻟﻒ ﺑﻴﻨﻬﻢ‪ .‬ﻓﺬﻫﺐ ﻧﻌﻴﻢ إﻟﻰ ﺑﻨﻲ‬
‫ﻗﺮﻳﻈﺔ وﻧﺼﺤﻬﻢ ﺑﺄﻻ ﻳﻨﻀﻤﻮا إﻟﻰ ﻗﺘﺎل اﻟﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻦ إﻻ إذا ﻗﺪّم اﻟﻤﺤﺎﺻﺮون رﻫﺎﺋﻦ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻗﺎدﺗﻬﻢ‪ .‬ﺛﻢ ﺳﺎرع إﻟﻰ‬
‫اﻷﺣﺰاب وﺣﺬرﻫﻢ ﻣﻦ أن إذا ﻃﻠﺐ ﺑﻨﻮ ﻗﺮﻳﻈﺔ اﻟﺮﻫﺎﺋﻦ‪ ،‬وذﻟﻚ ﻳﺮﺟﻊ إﻟﻰ أﻧﻬﺎ ﺗﻌﺘﺰم ﺗﺴﻠﻴﻤﻬﻢ إﻟﻰ اﻟﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻦ‪.‬‬
‫ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﺟﺎء ﻣﻤﺜﻠﻮ ﻗﺮﻳﺶ وﻏﻄﻔﺎن إﻟﻰ ﺑﻨﻲ ﻗﺮﻳﻈﺔ‪ ،‬وﻃﻠﺒﻮا اﻟﺤﺼﻮل ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺪﻋﻢ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﻌﺮﻛﺔ‪ ،‬ﻃﻠﺒﺖ ﺑﻨﻮ ﻗﺮﻳﻈﺔ‬
‫]‪[15‬‬ ‫]‪[29][28‬‬
‫وﻟﻢ ﺗﺪﻋﻢ ﺑﻨﻮ ﻗﺮﻳﻈﺔ اﻟﻘﻮات اﻟﻤﺤﺎﺻﺮة‪.‬‬ ‫رﻫﺎﺋﻦ‪ .‬ﻣﻤﺜﻠﻮ اﻟﻤﺤﺎﺻﺮﻳﻦ رﻓﻀﻮا‪ ،‬ﻓﻔﺸﻠﺖ اﻟﻤﻔﺎوﺿﺎت‪.‬‬
‫وﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ ﻓﺸﻞ اﻟﻤﻬﺎﺟﻤﻮن ﻓﻲ ﺗﻜﻮﻳﻦ ﺟﺒﻬﺔ ﻗﺘﺎل ﺛﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺿﺪ اﻟﻤﺪاﻓﻌﻴﻦ ﻋﻦ اﻟﻤﺪﻳﻨﺔ‪.‬‬

‫اﻟﺤﺼﺎر واﻻﺳﺘﺴﻼم‬
‫ﻳﻮم اﻧﺴﺤﺎب اﻷﺣﻼف‪ ،‬أﺧﺒﺮ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻨﺰول اﻟﻮﺣﻲ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺑﺄن ﻳﻘﺎﺗﻞ ﺑﻨﻲ ﻗﺮﻳﻈﺔ‪ .‬اﻟﺘﺰﻣﺖ ﺑﻨﻮ ﻗﺮﻳﻈﺔ ﺣﺼﻮﻧﻬﻢ‬
‫ﻤﻠﻮا اﻟﺤﺼﺎر ﻟﻤﺪة ‪ 25‬ﻳﻮﻣﺎ‪ .‬اﻗﺘﺮح ﻛﻌﺐ ﺑﻦ أﺳﻌﺪ ﺛﻼث ﻃﺮق ﻟﻠﺨﺮوج ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﺄزق‪ :‬اﻋﺘﻨﺎق اﻹﺳﻼم‪ ،‬أو‬ ‫وﺗﺤ ّ‬
‫اﻻﺳﺘﺴﻼم‪ ،‬أو اﻟﻘﺘﺎل‪.‬ﻟﻢ ﺗﻘﺒﻞ ﺑﻨﻮ ﻗﺮﻳﻈﺔ أي ﻣﻦ ﻫﺬه اﻟﺒﺪاﺋﻞ‪ .‬ﺑﺪﻻ ﻣﻦ ذﻟﻚ ﻃﻠﺒﻮا اﻟﺘﺸﺎور ﻣﻊ أﺑﻮ ﻟﺒﺎﺑﺔ‪ ،‬أﺣﺪ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺣﻠﻔﺎﺋﻬﻢ ﻣﻦ اﻷوس‪ .‬ﻧﺼﺤﻬﻢ أﺑﻮ ﻟﺒﺎﺑﺔ ﺑﺎﻻﺳﺘﺴﻼم ﺷﻔﻘﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺎء واﻷﻃﻔﺎل‪ .‬ﻟﻜﻨﻪ أﺷﺎر "ﺑﻴﺪه ﻧﺤﻮ رﻗﺒﺘﻪ‪ ،‬ﻣﺸﻴﺮا‬
‫]‪[33][32][31][30‬‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺻﺒﺎح اﻟﻴﻮم اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ‪ ،‬اﺳﺘﺴﻠﻢ ﺑﻨﻮ ﻗﺮﻳﻈﺔ ﻓﺄﻣﺮ اﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫إﻟﻰ أن اﻟﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻦ ﺳﻴﻘﻮﻣﻮن ﺑﺬﺑﺤﻬﻢ‪.".‬‬
‫]‪[34][14‬‬
‫ﺗﻤﺖ ﻣﺼﺎدرة أﻣﻼﻛﻬﻢ‪ ،‬ﻓﻲ ﺣﻴﻦ ﺗﻢ ﺳﺒﻲ اﻟﻨﺴﺎء واﻷﻃﻔﺎل وﻋﺪدﻫﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺟﻴﺸﻪ ﺑﺬﺑﺢ رﺟﺎل اﻟﻘﺒﻲ‪.‬‬
‫]‪[36][35‬‬
‫ﺣﻮاﻟﻰ ‪.1000‬‬

‫ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺔ ﺑﻨﻮ ﻗﺮﻳﻈﺔ‬

‫اﺳﺘﺴﻠﻤﺖ ﺑﻨﻮ ﻗﺮﻳﻈﺔ ﺑﻌﺪﻣﺎ ﺣﺎﺻﺮﻫﻢ اﻟﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﺛﻢ ﻗﺎم ﺳﻌﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻣﻌﺎذ ﺑﺎﻟﺤﻜﻢ ﺑﺎﻟﺬﺑﺢ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺮﺟﺎل‪ ،‬وﺳﺒﻲ‬
‫]‪[38] [37‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺴﺎء‪ ،‬ﺑﻌﺪﻣﺎ واﻓﻖ اﻟﻨﺒﻲ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ‬

‫ﻧﻘﺪ ﻟﺮواﻳﺔ اﺑﻦ اﺳﺤﺎق واﺑﻦ ﻫﺸﺎم‬

‫ﻗﺎل اﻷﺛﺮم ‪ :‬ﺳﺄﻟﺖ أﺑﺎ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﻠﻪ ﻋﻦ اﺑﻦ إﺳﺤﺎق ﻓﻘﺎل‪ :‬ﻫﻮ ﺣﺴﻦ اﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ‪ ،‬ﺛﻢ ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﻗﺎل ﻣﺎﻟﻚ ‪ :‬وذﻛﺮه‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺎل‪:‬‬
‫)دﺟﺎل ﻣﻦ اﻟﺪﺟﺎﺟﻠﺔ( ﺳﻴﺮ أﻋﻼم اﻟﻨﺒﻼء ‪ ،38 \ 7‬ﺗﺎرﻳﺦ ﺑﻐﺪاد ‪ ،223 \ 1‬ﻣﻴﺰان اﻻﻋﺘﺪال ‪.469 \ 3‬‬

‫ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻴﻬﻮد‪ ،‬وﻛﺎن‬ ‫وﻟﻢ ﻳﻜﻦ ﻳﻘﺪح ﻓﻴﻪ ﻣﺎﻟﻚ‪ ،‬ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ اﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ‪ ،‬إﻧﻤﺎ ﻛﺎن ﻳﻨﻜﺮ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺗﺘﺒﻌﻪ ﻏﺰوات اﻟﻨﺒﻲ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ‬
‫اﺑﻦ إﺳﺤﺎق ﻳﺘﺘﺒﻊ ﻫﺬا ﻋﻨﻬﻢ‪ ،‬ﻟﻴﻌﻠﻢ ﻣﻦ ﻏﻴﺮ أن ﻳﺤﺘﺞ ﺑﻬﻢ‪ ،‬وﻛﺎن ﻣﺎﻟﻚ ﻻ ﻳﺮى اﻟﺮواﻳﺔ إﻻ ﻋﻦ ﻣﺘﻘﻦ ﺻﺪوق ﻓﺎﺿﻞ‬
‫ﻳﺤﺴﻦ ﻣﺎ ﻳﺮوي وﻳﺪري ﻣﺎ ﻳﺤﺪث )اﻟﺜﻘﺎت ﻻﺑﻦ ﺣﺒﺎن ‪.(383 -381 \ 7‬‬

‫وﻗﺎل أﺣﻤﺪ ‪ :‬ﻗﺪم اﺑﻦ إﺳﺤﺎق ﺑﻐﺪاد‪ ،‬ﻓﻜﺎن ﻻ ﻳﺒﺎﻟﻲ ﻋﻤﻦ ﻳﺤﻜﻲ‪ ،‬ﻋﻦ اﻟﻜﻠﺒﻲ‪ ،‬وﻋﻦ ﻏﻴﺮه‪ ،‬وﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﻟﻴﺲ ﻫﻮ ﺑﺤﺠﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﻗﺎل أﺑﻮ اﻟﻌﺒﺎس ﺑﻦ ﻋﻘﺪة ‪ :‬ﺳﻤﻌﺖ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﻠﻪ ﺑﻦ أﺣﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﺣﻨﺒﻞ‪ :‬ﻛﺎن أﺑﻲ ﻳﺘﺒﻊ ﺣﺪﻳﺚ اﺑﻦ إﺳﺤﺎق‪ ،‬ﻓﻴﻜﺘﺒﻪ ﻛﺜﻴﺮا‬
‫ﺑﺎﻟﻌﻠﻮ واﻟﻨﺰول‪ ،‬وﻳﺨﺮﺟﻪ ﻓﻲ )اﻟﻤﺴﻨﺪ(‪ ،‬وﻣﺎ رأﻳﺘﻪ أﺑﻘﻰ ﺣﺪﻳﺜﻪ ﻗﻂ‪ .‬ﻗﻴﻞ ﻟﻪ ‪ :‬ﻳﺤﺘﺞ ﺑﻪ ؟ ﻗﺎل ‪ :‬ﻟﻢ ﻳﻜﻦ ﻳﺤﺘﺞ ﺑﻪ ﻓﻲ‬
‫اﻟﺴﻨﻦ‪) .‬ﺳﻴﺮ أﻋﻼم اﻟﻨﺒﻼء" ﻟﻠﺬﻫﺒﻲ"(‬

‫‪Kister, "The Massacre of the Banu .10‬‬
‫‪.Quraiza", p. 93f‬‬
‫‪Firestone, Jihad: The Origin of Holy .11‬‬
‫‪War in Islam, p. 118, 170. For opinions‬‬
‫‪disputing the early date of the Constitution‬‬
‫‪of Medina, see e.g., Peters, Muhammad‬‬
‫‪.and the Origins of Islam, p. 119‬‬
‫‪Welch, "Muhammad", Encyclopaedia .12‬‬
‫‪.of Islam‬‬
‫‪Alford Welch, Encyclopaedia of .13‬‬
‫‪."Islam, "Muhammad‬‬
‫‪Watt, Muhammad, Prophet and .14‬‬
‫‪.Statesman, p. 170-176‬‬
‫‪Peterson, Muhammad: the prophet of .15‬‬
‫‪.God, p. 125-127‬‬
‫‪Ramadan, In the Footsteps of the .16‬‬
‫‪.Prophet, p. 140f‬‬
‫اﻟﻤﺮاﺟﻊ‬
‫‪ ,Watt .1‬داﺋﺮة اﻟﻤﻌﺎرف اﻟﺈﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‪Kurayza," ,‬‬
‫‪."Banu‬‬
‫‪Guillaume, The Life of Muhammad: A .2‬‬
‫‪Translation of Ibn Ishaq's Sirat Rasul‬‬
‫‪.Allah, p. 7-9‬‬
‫‪Peters, Muhammad and the Origins of .3‬‬
‫‪.Islam, p. 192f‬‬
‫‪ ,Watt .4‬داﺋﺮة اﻟﻤﻌﺎرف اﻟﺈﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‪Al-" ,‬‬
‫‪."Madina‬‬
‫‪Watt, "Muhammad", in: The Cambridge .5‬‬
‫‪.History of Islam‬‬
‫‪."Encyclopedia Judaica, "Qurayza .6‬‬
‫‪.For alliances see Guillaume, p. 253 .7‬‬
‫‪Encyclopedia of the Qur'an, "Qurayza .8‬‬
‫‪."((Banu‬‬
‫‪Heck, "Arabia Without Spices: An .9‬‬
‫‪.Alternate Hypothesis", p. 547-567‬‬
 20170303210136/http://www.answering-isl
am.org/Books/Muir/Life3/chap17.htm) 03
.‫ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻮﻗﻊ واي ﺑﺎك ﻣﺸﻴﻦ‬2017 ‫ﻣﺎرس‬
.Guillaume, p. 458f .28
.Ramadan, p. 143 .29
.Guillaume, p. 461-464 .30
Peters, Muhammad and the Origins .31
.of Islam, p. 222-224
.Stillman, p. 137-141 .32
Inamdar, Muhammad and the Rise of .33
.Islam, p. 166f
These included weapons, household .34
goods, utensils, camels and cattle. The
.stored wine was spilled. See Kister, p. 94
.Muir, p. 272-274 .35
.Ramadan, p. 145 .36
‫ إﺳﻼم وﻳﺐ‬،‫ دروس وﻋﺒﺮ‬،‫ ﻏﺰوة ﺑﻨﻲ ﻗﺮﻳﻀﺔ‬.37
https://articles.islamweb.net/media/index.p)
‫( ﻧﺴﺨﺔ‬hp?page=article&lang=A&id=174093
https://web.archive.org/web/2017) ‫ﻣﺤﻔﻮﻇﺔ‬
1108152153/https://articles.islamweb.net/m
edia/index.php?page=article&lang=A&id=1
‫ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻮﻗﻊ واي ﺑﺎك‬2017 ‫ ﻧﻮﻓﻤﺒﺮ‬74093) 08
.‫ﻣﺸﻴﻦ‬
‫ ﻓﺘﺢ اﻟﺒﺎري ﺑﺸﺮح‬،‫ ﺣﺪﻳﺚ ﺣﻜﻢ ﺳﻌﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻣﻌﺎذ‬.38
https://library.islamweb.net/n) ‫ﺻﺤﻴﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬
ewlibrary/display_book.php?flag=1&bk_no
https://web.a) ‫=( ﻧﺴﺨﺔ ﻣﺤﻔﻮﻇﺔ‬52&ID=6910
rchive.org/web/20171108151904/https://libr
ary.islamweb.net/newlibrary/display_book.p
‫ ﻧﻮﻓﻤﺒﺮ‬hp?flag=1&bk_no=52&ID=6910) 08
.‫ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻮﻗﻊ واي ﺑﺎك ﻣﺸﻴﻦ‬2017
(http://www.pbs.org/muhammad/ma_jews.shtml) ‫اﻟﻴﻬﻮد ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﺪﻳﻨﺔ‬
"https://ar.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=‫&ﺑﻨﻮ_ﻗﺮﻳﻈﺔ‬oldid=46343812" ‫ﻣﺠﻠﻮﺑﺔ ﻣﻦ‬
Hodgson, The Venture of Islam, vol. .17
.1, p. 191
Brown, A New Introduction to Islam, .18
.p. 81
.See e.g. Stillman, p. 13 .19
Zeitlin, The Historical Muhammad (ht .20
tp://books.google.com/books?id=_ScS1
MjUzdYC&printsec=frontcover&hl=de&s
ig=4v9XMEdNJvqmnHJYYLw2lHcAg2I#
https://w) ‫ ﻧﺴﺨﺔ ﻣﺤﻔﻮﻇﺔ‬PPA12,M1), p. 12
eb.archive.org/web/20170212181135/http
s://books.google.com/books?id=_ScS1MjU
zdYC&printsec=frontcover&hl=de&sig=4v9
‫ ﻓﺒﺮاﻳﺮ‬XMEdNJvqmnHJYYLw2lHcAg2I) 12
.‫ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻮﻗﻊ واي ﺑﺎك ﻣﺸﻴﻦ‬2017
F. Donner: Muhammad's Political .21
Consolidation in Arabia up to the
Conquest of Mecca, The Muslim World,
69 (1979), p.233
Bernard Lewis, The Political .22
.Language of Islam, p. 191
Norcliffe, Islam: Faith and Practice, .23
.p. 21
.Nomani, p. 382 .24
.Guillaume, p. 453 .25
See also above for the critical view on .26
.the historicity of this treaty
Muir, A Life of Mahomet and History .27
of Islam to the Era of the Hegira,
chapter XVII (http://www.answering-islam.o
.rg/Books/Muir/Life3/chap17.htm), p. 259f
https://web.archive.org/web/) ‫ﻧﺴﺨﺔ ﻣﺤﻔﻮﻇﺔ‬
‫اﻧﻈﺮ أﻳﻀﺎ‬
‫ﺑﻨﻮ اﻟﻨﻈﻴﺮ‬
‫ﺑﻨﻮ ﻗﻴﻨﻘﺎع‬
‫اﻟﺠﻬﺎد‬
‫وﺻﻼت ﺧﺎرﺟﻴﺔ‬
 ‫آﺧﺮ ﺗﻌﺪﻳﻞ ﻟﻬﺬه اﻟﺼﻔﺤﺔ ﻛﺎن ﻳﻮم ‪ 27‬أﺑﺮﻳﻞ ‪ ،2020‬اﻟﺴﺎﻋﺔ ‪.15:59‬‬

‫اﻟﻨﺼﻮص ﻣﻨﺸﻮرة ﺑﺮﺧﺼﺔ اﻟﻤﺸﺎع اﻹﺑﺪاﻋﻲ‪ .‬ﻃﺎﻟﻊ ﺷﺮوط اﻻﺳﺘﺨﺪام ﻟﻠﺘﻔﺎﺻﻴﻞ‪.‬‬