‫ﺧﻠﻴﻞ ﻣﻄﺮان‬

‫ﺷﺎﻋﺮ اﻟﻘﻄﺮﻳﻦ وراﺋﺪ اﻻﺗﺠﺎه اﻟﻮﺟﺪاﻧﻲ‬

‫ﺧﻠﻴﻞ ﻣُ ﻄﺮان "ﺷﺎﻋﺮ اﻟﻘﻄﺮﻳﻦ" )‪ 1‬ﻳﻮﻟﻴﻮ ‪ 1 - 1872‬ﻳﻮﻧﻴﻮ ‪ (1949‬ﺷﺎﻋﺮ ﻟﺒﻨﺎﻧﻲ ﺷﻬﻴﺮ ﻋﺎش ﻣﻌﻈﻢ ﺣﻴﺎﺗﻪ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺼﺮ‪ .‬ﻋﺮف‬
‫ﺑﻐﻮﺻﻪ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﻌﺎﻧﻲ وﺟﻤﻌﻪ ﺑﻴﻦ اﻟﺜﻘﺎﻓﺔ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ واﻷﺟﻨﺒﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﻛﺎن ﻣﻦ ﻛﺒﺎر اﻟﻜﺘﺎب‪ ،‬ﻋﻤﻞ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎرﻳﺦ واﻟﺘﺮﺟﻤﺔ‪ ،‬ﻳﺸ ّﺒﻪ ﺑﺎﻷﺧﻄﻞ‬
‫ﺑﻴﻦ ﺣﺎﻓﻆ وﺷﻮﻗﻲ‪ ،‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﺷﺒﻬﻪ اﻟﻤﻨﻔﻠﻮﻃﻲ ﺑﺎﺑﻦ اﻟﺮوﻣﻲ‪ .‬ﻋﺮف ﻣﻄﺮان ﺑﻐﺰارة ﻋﻠﻤﻪ وإﻟﻬﺎﻣﻪ ﺑﺎﻷدب اﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻲ واﻟﻌﺮﺑﻲ‪ ،‬ﻫﺬا‬
‫ﺑﺎﻹﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﻟﺮﻗﺔ ﻃﺒﻌﻪ وﻣﺴﺎﻟﻤﺘﻪ وﻫﻮ اﻟﺸﻲء اﻟﺬي اﻧﻌﻜﺲ ﻋﻠﻰ أﺷﻌﺎره‪ ،‬اﻃﻠﻖ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻟﻘﺐ "ﺷﺎﻋﺮ اﻟﻘﻄﺮﻳﻦ" وﻳﻘﺼﺪ ﺑﻬﻤﺎ ﻣﺼﺮ‬
‫وﻟﺒﻨﺎن‪ ،‬وﺑﻌﺪ وﻓﺎة ﺣﺎﻓﻆ وﺷﻮﻗﻲ أﻃﻠﻘﻮا ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻟﻘﺐ "ﺷﺎﻋﺮ اﻷﻗﻄﺎر اﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ"‪.‬‬
 ‫ﺧﻠﻴﻞ ﻣﻄﺮان‬

‫ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت ﺷﺨﺼﻴﺔ‬

‫‪ 1‬ﻳﻮﻟﻴﻮ ‪1872‬‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻴﻼد‬

‫ﺑﻌﻠﺒﻚ‬
‫‪ 1‬ﻳﻮﻧﻴﻮ ‪ 76) 1949‬ﺳﻨﺔ(‬ ‫اﻟﻮﻓﺎة‬
‫اﻟﻘﺎﻫﺮة‬
‫‪ ‬اﻟﺪوﻟﺔ اﻟﻌﺜﻤﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺠﻨﺴﻴﺔ‬

‫ﺷﺎﻋﺮ اﻟﻘﻄﺮﻳﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻠﻘﺐ‬

‫اﻟﺤﻴﺎة اﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ‬

‫ﺷﺎﻋﺮ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻬﻨﺔ‬

‫اﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ]‪ [1‬‬ ‫اﻟﻠﻐﺎت‬

‫ﻣﺆﻟﻒ‪:‬ﺧﻠﻴﻞ ﻣﻄﺮان ‪ - ‬وﻳﻜﻲ‪ ‬ﻣﺼﺪر‬

‫ﺗﻌﺪﻳﻞ ﻣﺼﺪري )‪https://ar.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D8%AE%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%84_%D9%85%D8%B7%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%‬‬
‫‪ - (86&action=edit&section=0‬ﺗﻌﺪﻳﻞ )‪https://ar.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D8%AE%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%84_%D9%85%D8%B7%‬‬
‫‪(D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86&veaction=edit‬‬
‫‪ ‬‬

‫دﻋﺎ ﻣﻄﺮان إﻟﻰ اﻟﺘﺠﺪﻳﺪ ﻓﻲ اﻷدب واﻟﺸﻌﺮ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﻲ ﻓﻜﺎن أﺣﺪ اﻟﺮواد اﻟﺬﻳﻦ اﺧﺮﺟﻮا اﻟﺸﻌﺮ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﻲ ﻣﻦ أﻏﺮاﺿﻪ اﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺪﻳﺔ‬
‫واﻟﺒﺪوﻳﺔ إﻟﻰ أﻏﺮاض ﺣﺪﻳﺜﺔ ﺗﺘﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻣﻊ اﻟﻌﺼﺮ‪ ،‬ﻣﻊ اﻟﺤﻔﺎظ ﻋﻠﻰ أﺻﻮل اﻟﻠﻐﺔ واﻟﺘﻌﺒﻴﺮ‪ ،‬ﻛﻤﺎ ادﺧﻞ اﻟﺸﻌﺮ اﻟﻘﺼﺼﻲ واﻟﺘﺼﻮﻳﺮي‬
‫ﻟﻸدب اﻟﻌﺮﺑﻲ‪.‬‬
 ‫ﺣﻴﺎﺗﻪ‬

‫ﻫﻮ ﺧﻠﻴﻞ ﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺪه ﺑﻦ ﻳﻮﺳﻒ ﻣﻄﺮان وﻟﺪ ﻓﻲ اﻷول ﻣﻦ ﻳﻮﻟﻴﻮ ﻋﺎم ‪1872‬م ﻓﻲ ﺑﻌﻠﺒﻚ ﺑﻠﺒﻨﺎن‪ ،‬وﺗﻠﻘﻰ ﺗﻌﻠﻴﻤﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺪرﺳﺔ‬
‫اﻟﺒﻄﺮﻳﺮﻳﻜﻴﺔ ﺑﺒﻴﺮوت‪ .‬ﺗﻠﻘﻰ ﺗﻮﺟﻴﻬﺎﺗﻪ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺒﻴﺎن اﻟﻌﺮﺑﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻳﺪ أﺳﺘﺎذاه اﻷﺧﻮان ﺧﻠﻴﻞ وإﺑﺮاﻫﻴﻢ اﻟﻴﺎزﺟﻲ‪ ،‬ﻛﻤﺎ أﻃﻠﻊ ﻋﻠﻰ أﺷﻌﺎر‬
‫ﻓﻜﺘﻮر ﻫﻮﻏﻮ وﻏﻴﺮه ﻣﻦ أدﺑﺎء وﻣﻔﻜﺮي أوروﺑﺎ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﺟﺮ ﻣﻄﺮان إﻟﻰ ﺑﺎرﻳﺲ وﻫﻨﺎك اﻧﻜﺐ ﻋﻠﻰ دراﺳﺔ اﻷدب اﻟﻐﺮﺑﻲ‪.‬‬

‫ﻛﺎن ﻣﻄﺮان ﺻﺎﺣﺐ ﺣﺲ وﻃﻨﻲ ﻓﻘﺪ ﺷﺎرك ﻓﻲ ﺑﻌﺾ اﻟﺤﺮﻛﺎت اﻟﻮﻃﻨﻴﺔ اﻟﺘﻲ أﺳﻬﻤﺖ ﻓﻲ ﺗﺤﺮﻳﺮ اﻟﻮﻃﻦ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﻲ‪ ،‬وﻣﻦ ﺑﺎرﻳﺲ‬
‫اﻧﺘﻘﻞ ﻣﻄﺮان إﻟﻰ ﻣﺤﻄﺔ أﺧﺮى ﻓﻲ ﺣﻴﺎﺗﻪ ﻓﺎﻧﺘﻘﻞ إﻟﻰ ﻣﺼﺮ‪ ،‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻛﻤﺤﺮر ﺑﺠﺮﻳﺪة اﻷﻫﺮام ﻟﻌﺪد ﻣﻦ اﻟﺴﻨﻮات‪ ،‬ﺛﻢ ﻗﺎم‬
‫ﺑﺈﻧﺸﺎء "اﻟﻤﺠﻠﺔ اﻟﻤﺼﺮﻳﺔ" وﻣﻦ ﺑﻌﺪﻫﺎ ﺟﺮﻳﺪة "اﻟﺠﻮاﻧﺐ اﻟﻤﺼﺮﻳﺔ" اﻟﻴﻮﻣﻴﺔ واﻟﺘﻲ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻨﺎﺻﺮة ﻣﺼﻄﻔﻰ ﻛﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﺎﺷﺎ‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺣﺮﻛﺘﻪ اﻟﻮﻃﻨﻴﺔ واﺳﺘﻤﺮ إﺻﺪارﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺪار أرﺑﻊ ﺳﻨﻮات‪ ،‬وﻗﺎم ﺑﺘﺮﺟﻤﺔ ﻋﺪة ﻛﺘﺐ‪.‬‬

‫ﻣﻦ ﻗﺼﺎﺋﺪه اﻟﺜﺎﺋﺮة‪:‬‬

‫اﻗـﺘُ ﻠﻮا ا ْﺣ َﺮارﻫَﺎ ُﺣ ّﺮ ًا َﻓ ُﺤﺮا‬ ‫ﺷـﺮدُ وا ا ْﺧ َـﻴـﺎ َرﻫَـﺎ ﺑ َْﺤ ً‬

‫ﺮا َوﺑَﺮا َو ْ‬

‫آﺧ َـﺮ اﻟﺪﻫْ ِﺮ َوﻳَ ْﺒ َﻘﻰ اﻟﺸﺮ َﺷﺮا‬ ‫ـﺢ ﻳَ ـ ْﺒ َﻘﻰ َﺻﺎ ِﻟ ً‬
‫ﺤﺎ ِ‬ ‫اﻧﻤﺎ اﻟﺼﺎ ِﻟ ُ‬

‫ﻳﻤﻨَﻊُ اﻻﻳْ ﺪي ا ْن َﺗﻨ ُْﻘ َﺶ َﺻ ْﺨ َﺮا‬ ‫ﻼم ﻫ َْﻞ َﺗﻜْ ِﺴ ُ‬

‫ﻴﺮﻫَﺎ ْ‬ ‫ـﺴﺮوا اﻻ ْﻗ َ‬
‫ﻛَ ُ‬

‫ﻴﻦ ا ْن َﺗﻨ ُْﻈ َﺮ َﺷ ْﺰ َرا‬ ‫ﺪي ﻫ ْ‬

‫َـﻞ َﺗ ْﻘ ِﻄﻴﻌُ ﻬﺎ ﻳَ ـﻤﻨَﻊُ اﻻﻋْ َ‬ ‫َﻗـﻄـﻌُ ﻮا اﻻﻳْ َ‬

‫ﺗﺼﻌَ ﺪَ َز ْﻓ َﺮا‬ ‫ﻳﻤﻨَﻊُ اﻻ ْﻧ َﻔ َ‬

‫ﺎس ا ْن ْ‬ ‫ا ْﻃ ِـﻔ ُﺌﻮا اﻻﻋْ ُﻴ َﻦ ﻫ َْﻞ ا ْﻃ َﻔ ُ‬
‫ﺎؤﻫَﺎ ْ‬

‫ﻛﻢ َو ِﺑـﻪ َﻣـﻨْﺠـﺎ ُﺗﻨَﺎ ِﻣـ ْﻨﻜُ ْﻢ َﻓﺸﻜْ َﺮا‬

‫ﺎس ﻫ ََﺬا ُﺟﻬْ ﺪُ ْ‬
‫ﺧﻤـﺪُ وا اﻻ ْﻧ َﻔ َ‬
‫ا ِ‬

‫وﺧﻼل ﻓﺘﺮة إﻗﺎﻣﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺼﺮ ﻋﻬﺪت إﻟﻴﻪ وزارة اﻟﻤﻌﺎرف اﻟﻤﺼﺮﻳﺔ ﺑﺘﺮﺟﻤﺔ ﻛﺘﺎب اﻟﻤﻮﺟﺰ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻠﻢ اﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎد ﻣﻊ اﻟﺸﺎﻋﺮ ﺣﺎﻓﻆ‬
‫إﺑﺮاﻫﻴﻢ‪ ،‬وﺻﺪر ﻟﻪ دﻳﻮان ﺷﻌﺮ ﻣﻄﺒﻮع ﻓﻲ أرﺑﻌﺔ أﺟﺰاء ﻋﺎم ‪ ،1908‬ﻋﻤﻞ ﻣﻄﺮان ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﺮﺟﻤﺔ ﻣﺴﺮﺣﻴﺎت ﺷﻜﺴﺒﻴﺮ وﻏﻴﺮﻫﺎ ﻣﻦ‬
‫اﻷﻋﻤﺎل اﻷﺟﻨﺒﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﻛﺎن ﻟﻪ دور ﻓﻌﺎل ﻓﻲ اﻟﻨﻬﻮض ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺴﺮح اﻟﻘﻮﻣﻲ ﺑﻤﺼﺮ‪.‬‬

‫ً‬
‫وﻧﻈﺮا ﻟﺠﻬﻮده اﻷدﺑﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﻤﻴﺰة ﻗﺎﻣﺖ اﻟﺤﻜﻮﻣﺔ اﻟﻤﺼﺮﻳﺔ ﺑﻌﻘﺪ ﻣﻬﺮﺟﺎن ﻟﺘﻜﺮﻳﻤﻪ ﺣﻀﺮه ﺟﻤﻊ ﻛﺒﻴﺮ ﻣﻦ اﻷدﺑﺎء واﻟﻤﻔﻜﺮﻳﻦ وﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺑﻴﻨﻬﻢ اﻷدﻳﺐ اﻟﻜﺒﻴﺮ ﻃﻪ ﺣﺴﻴﻦ‪.‬‬

‫أﺳﻠﻮﺑﻪ اﻟﺸﻌﺮي‬

‫ﻋﺮف ﻣﻄﺮان ﻛﻮاﺣﺪ ﻣﻦ رواد ﺣﺮﻛﺔ اﻟﺘﺠﺪﻳﺪ‪ ،‬وﺻﺎﺣﺐ ﻣﺪرﺳﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺸﻌﺮ واﻟﻨﺜﺮ‪ ،‬ﺗﻤﻴﺰ أﺳﻠﻮﺑﻪ اﻟﺸﻌﺮي ﺑﺎﻟﺼﺪق‬
‫ً‬
‫أﻳﻀﺎ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺠﺪدي اﻟﻨﺜﺮ‬ ‫اﻟﻮﺟﺪاﻧﻲ واﻷﺻﺎﻟﺔ واﻟﺮﻧﺔ اﻟﻤﻮﺳﻴﻘﻴﺔ‪ ،‬وﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﻌﺪ ﻣﻄﺮان ﻣﻦ ﻣﺠﺪدي اﻟﺸﻌﺮ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﻲ اﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ‪ ،‬ﻓﻬﻮ‬
‫ﻓﺄﺧﺮﺟﻪ ﻣﻦ اﻷﺳﺎﻟﻴﺐ اﻷدﺑﻴﺔ اﻟﻘﺪﻳﻤﺔ‪.‬‬

‫ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺮﻏﻢ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺤﺎﻛﺎة ﻣﻄﺮان ﻓﻲ ﺑﺪاﻳﺎﺗﻪ ﻟﺸﻌﺮاء ﻋﺼﺮه ﻓﻲ أﻏﺮاض اﻟﺸﻌﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺋﻌﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺪح ورﺛﺎء‪ ،‬ﻟﻜﻨﻪ ﻣﺎ ﻟﺒﺚ أن أﺳﺘﻘﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫اﻟﻤﺪرﺳﺔ اﻟﺮوﻣﺎﻧﺴﻴﺔ واﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺄﺛﺮ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺑﺜﻘﺎﻓﺘﻪ اﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻜﻤﺎ ﻋﻨﻲ ﺷﻮﻗﻲ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻮﺳﻴﻘﻰ وﺣﺎﻓﻆ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻔﻆ اﻟﺮﻧﺎن‪ ،‬ﻋﻨﻰ ﻣﻄﺮان‬
 ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺨﻴﺎل‪ ،‬وأﺛﺮت ﻣﺪرﺳﺘﻪ اﻟﺮوﻣﺎﻧﺴﻴﺔ اﻟﺠﺪﻳﺪة ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻌﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺸﻌﺮاء ﻓﻲ ﻋﺼﺮه ﻣﺜﻞ إﺑﺮاﻫﻴﻢ ﻧﺎﺟﻲ وأﺑﻮ ﺷﺎدي وﺷﻌﺮاء‬
‫اﻟﻤﻬﺠﺮ وﻏﻴﺮﻫﻢ‪.‬‬

‫ﺷﻬﺪت ﺣﻴﺎة ﻣﻄﺮان اﻟﻌﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻦ اﻷﺣﺪاث اﻟﺴﻴﺎﺳﻴﺔ واﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ اﻟﻬﺎﻣﺔ وﻛﺎن ﺑﺎﻟﻎ اﻟﺘﺄﺛﺮ ﺑﻬﺎ وﻋﺒﺮ ﻋﻦ اﻟﻜﺜﻴﺮ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل‬
‫ﻗﺼﺎﺋﺪه‪ ،‬وﻋﺮف ﺑﺮﻗﺔ ﻣﺸﺎﻋﺮه وإﺣﺴﺎﺳﻪ اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻲ وﻫﻮ اﻷﻣﺮ اﻟﺬي اﻧﻌﻜﺲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻗﺼﺎﺋﺪه‪ ،‬واﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻤﻴﺰت ﺑﻨﺰﻋﺔ إﻧﺴﺎﻧﻴﺔ‪ ،‬وﻛﺎن‬
‫ﻟﻠﻄﺒﻴﻌﺔ ﻧﺼﻴﺐ ﻣﻦ ﺷﻌﺮه ﻓﻌﺒﺮ ﻋﻨﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻜﺜﻴﺮ ﻣﻨﻪ‪ ،‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﻋﻨﻲ ﻓﻲ ﺷﻌﺮه ﺑﺎﻟﻮﺻﻒ‪ ،‬وﻗﺪم اﻟﻘﺼﺎﺋﺪ اﻟﺮوﻣﺎﻧﺴﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻣﻦ أﺑﻴﺎت اﻟﺸﻌﺮ‬
‫اﻟﺮوﻣﺎﻧﺴﻴﺔ اﻟﺘﻲ ﻗﺎﻟﻬﺎ ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﺳﺌﻞ ﻋﻦ ﻣﺤﺒﻮﺑﺘﻪ ﻗﺎل‪:‬‬

‫ﻳَ ﺎ ُﻣ َﻦ ْاﻟ َﻘ ْﻠ ِﺐ َو ُﻧﻮ َر اﻟﻌَ ْﻴ ِﻦ ُﻣ ْﺬ ﻛُﻨ ُ‬

‫ْﺖ َوﻛُﻨ ِ‬
‫ْﺖ‬

‫ْﺖ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺎس ِﺑ َﻤﺎ ُﺻﻨ ُ‬

‫ْﺖ َو ُﺻﻨ ِ‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫ﻟَ ْﻢ ا َﺷﺎ ا ْن ﻳَ ﻌْ ﻠَ َﻢ‬

‫َـﺘ ِـﻬ ْﻢ ِﻓﻴﻨَﺎ َﻓ ِﻄﻨ ِ‬

‫ْﺖ‬ ‫ـﻦ ِﻓ ْـﻄـﻨ ِ‬ ‫ـﻤـﺎ َﺣ َ‬
‫ـﺎذ ْر ُت ِﻣ ْ‬ ‫َو ِﻟ َ‬

‫ﺎدي َﻣ ْﻦ َﻇ َﻨﻨ ِ‬
‫ْﺖ‬ ‫ْـﺪي َو ُﺳـﻌَ ِ‬
‫ي َو ِﻫـﻨ ِ‬ ‫ان ﻟَ ْـﻴـ َ‬
‫ﻼ َ‬

‫اﻟﻤ َﺴﻤﻰ ُﻫ َﻮ ا ْﻧ ِﺖ‬ ‫ـﺎء ﻟَ ِ‬

‫ـﻜﻦ ُ‬ ‫ـﻤ ُ‬‫َﺗـﻜْ ُـﺜ ُـﺮ اﻻ ْﺳ َ‬

‫اﻫﺘﻢ ﻣﻄﺮان ﺑﺎﻟﺸﻌﺮ اﻟﻘﺼﺼﻲ واﻟﺘﺼﻮﻳﺮي واﻟﺬي ﺗﻤﻜﻦ ﻣﻦ اﺳﺘﺨﺪاﻣﻪ ﻟﻠﺘﻌﺒﻴﺮ ﻋﻦ اﻟﺘﺎرﻳﺦ واﻟﺤﻴﺎة اﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ اﻟﻌﺎدﻳﺔ اﻟﺘﻲ‬
‫ﻳﻌﻴﺸﻬﺎ اﻟﻨﺎس‪ ،‬ﻓﺎﺳﺘﻌﺎن ﺑﻘﺼﺺ اﻟﺘﺎرﻳﺦ وﻗﺎم ﺑﻌﺮض أﺣﺪاﺛﻬﺎ ﺑﺨﻴﺎﻟﻪ اﻟﺨﺎص‪ ،‬ﺑﺎﻹﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﻟﺘﻌﺒﻴﺮه ﻋﻦ اﻟﺤﻴﺎة اﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ‪ ،‬وﻛﺎن‬
‫ً‬
‫ﻣﺮاﻋﻴﺎ ﺟﻤﻴﻊ أﺟﺰاء‬ ‫ً‬
‫ﻣﺘﻔﻮﻗﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻫﺬا اﻟﻨﻮع ﻣﻦ اﻟﺸﻌﺮ ﻋﻦ ﻏﻴﺮه ﻓﻜﺎن ﻳﺼﻮر اﻟﺤﻴﺎة اﻟﺒﺸﺮﻳﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل ﺧﻴﺎﻟﻪ اﻟﺨﺎص‬ ‫ﻣﻄﺮان‬
‫اﻟﻘﺼﺔ‪.‬‬

‫ﻣﻦ ﻗﺼﺎﺋﺪه اﻟﺘﺎرﻳﺨﻴﺔ‪ :‬ﻧﺬﻛﺮ ﻗﺼﻴﺪة "ﺑﺰرﺟﻤﻬﺮ"‬

‫ﻮد ِﻫ ْﻢ ِﻟﻠﺸ ْﻤ ِﺲ ا ْذ َﺗﺘَ َ‬
‫ﻼﻻ َ‬ ‫ﻛ َ ُﺴ ُﺠ ِ‬ ‫َﺳ َﺠﺪُ وا ِﻟ ِﻜ ْﺴ َﺮى ا ْذ ﺑَﺪَ ا ا ْﺟ َ‬
‫ﻼﻻ َ‬
‫اﻷﺳﻮُ دَ ِﺳ َﺨﺎﻻَ‬
‫ﺎل ِﺑ ِﻚ ُ‬ ‫ﺎذا ا َﺣ َ‬ ‫َﻣ َ‬ ‫ﻳﻘ َﺔ ِﻓﻲ ْاﻟﻌُ ﻠَﻰ‬
‫ﻳَ ﺎ اﻣ َﺔ ْاﻟ ُﻔ ْﺮ ِس ْاﻟﻌَ ِﺮ َ‬
‫ﻳﻦ ِﺿ َﺌﺎﻻَ‬
‫ﺎﻏ ِﺮ َ‬
‫ﻴﻮ َم ِﺑﺘ ْﻢ َﺻ ِ‬‫َو ْاﻟ ْ‬ ‫وب ا ِﻋﺰ ًة‬
‫اﻟﺤ ُﺮ ِ‬
‫ﺎرا ﻓﻲ ُ‬ ‫ﻛﻨْﺘُ ْﻢ ِﻛ َﺒ ً‬

‫َو ِر َﻗﺎ َﺑﻜُ ْﻢ َو ِ‬

‫اﻟﻌ ْﺮ َض َواﻻ ْﻣ َﻮاﻻَ‬ ‫ﻮﺳﻜُ ْﻢ‬ ‫ﻴﻪ ُﻧ ُﻔ َ‬
‫ﻣﺎﻧﺤ ِ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ﻋُ ﺒﺎد ِﻛ ْﺴ َﺮى‬
‫ون ا ِذﻟ ًﺔ ا ْوﻛَﺎﻻَ‬
‫َو ُﺗﻌَ ﻔ ُﺮ َ‬ ‫ﻮﻫﻜُ ْﻢ‬ ‫َﺗ ْﺴﺘَ ْﻘ ِﺒ ُﻠ َ‬
‫ﻮن ﻧِﻌَ ﺎﻟَ ُﻪ ِﺑﻮُ َﺟ ِ‬
‫َوﻳَ ﻌُ ﺪ اﻣ َﺔ َﻓ ِ‬
‫ﺎر ٍس ا ْر َذاﻻَ‬ ‫ﺎر ٍس‬ ‫اﻟﺘ ْﺒ ُﺮ ِﻛ ْﺴ َﺮى َو ْﺣﺪَ َه ِﻓﻲ َﻓ ِ‬
‫ﻬﻢ ﻋَ ﻠَ ْﻴ ِﻪ ِﻋ َﻴﺎﻻَ‬
‫ﻟَﻬُ ُﻢ َوﻳَ َﺰﻋُ ُﻤ ْ‬ ‫ﺎل ﻋَ ﻠَ ْﻴ ِﻬ ُﻢ َواﻋَ ﻘﻬُ ْﻢ‬ ‫ْ‬
‫ﺷﺮ اﻟ ِﻌ َﻴ ِ‬
‫را ﻳُ ِﺒﺪْ ُﻫ ْﻢ ِﺑ ْﺎﻟﻌَ ﺪُ و ِﻗﺘَ ﺎﻻَ‬
‫َﺛﺎ ً‬ ‫ﻼ ﻳَ ُﻤﻦ ِوا ْن ﻳَ ُﺮ ْم‬‫ا ْن ﻳُ ْﺆ ِﺗ ِﻬ ْﻢ َﻓﻀ ً‬

‫ً‬
‫ﻣﺤﺎرﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﻔﻮق ﻣﻄﺮان ﻋﻠﻰ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺣﺎﻓﻆ إﺑﺮاﻫﻴﻢ وأﺣﻤﺪ ﺷﻮﻗﻲ ﻓﻲ ﻗﺼﺎﺋﺪه اﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ واﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻨﺎول ﻓﻴﻬﺎ اﻟﻌﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﻮاﺿﻴﻊ‪،‬‬
‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ اﻟﻔﺴﺎد اﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ واﻟﺨﻠﻘﻲ‪.‬‬

‫ﻗﺎﻟﻮا ﻋﻨﻪ‬
 ‫أﺷﺎر اﻟﺪﻛﺘﻮر ﻣﻴﺸﺎل ﺟﺤﺎ اﻷدﻳﺐ اﻟﻠﺒﻨﺎﻧﻲ واﻟﺬي ﻗﺎم ﺑﻨﺸﺮ دراﺳﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺧﻠﻴﻞ ﻣﻄﺮان "إﻟﻰ أن ﺷﻮﻗﻲ وﺣﺎﻓﻆ وﻣﻄﺮان‪ ،‬ﻳﻤﺜﻠﻮن‬
‫ً‬
‫ﻗﺮﻧﺎ ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﺜﺎﻟﻮث اﻟﺸﻌﺮي اﻟﻤﻌﺎﺻﺮ اﻟﺬي ﻳﺬﻛﺮﻧﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﺜﺎﻟﻮث اﻷﻣﻮي‪ :‬اﻷﺧﻄﻞ وﺟﺮﻳﺮ واﻟﻔﺮزدق اﻟﺬي ﺳﺒﻘﻪ ﺑﺄﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ اﺛﻨﻲ ﻋﺸﺮ‬
‫اﻟﺰﻣﻦ‪ ،‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﻋﺎش ﻫﺆﻻء اﻟﺸﻌﺮاء ﻓﻲ ﻓﺘﺮة زﻣﻨﻴـﺔ ﻣﺘﻘﺎرﺑﺔ‪ ،‬وﻓﻲ ﻛﺜـﻴﺮ ﻣﻦ اﻷﺣﻴـﺎن ﻧﻈﻤـﻮا اﻟﺸﻌﺮ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒـﺎت واﺣﺪة‪ ،‬إﻧﻤﺎ‬
‫ﺧﻠـﻴﻞ ﻣﻄﺮان ﻳﺒﻘﻰ راﺋـﺪ اﻟﺸﻌﺮ اﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ"‪.‬‬
‫ﻗﺎل اﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ اﻟﻠﺒﻨﺎﻧﻲ ﻗﺎﺳﻢ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﻋﺜﻤﺎن ان ﻣﺎ ﺻﻨﻌﻪ ﺧﻠﻴﻞ ﻣﻄﺮان ﻓﻲ اﻷدب ﻟﻢ ﻳﺼﻨﻌﻪ أدﺑﺎء ﻋﺼﺮه‪.‬‬

‫ﻛﻤﺎ ﻗﺎل ﻋﻨﻪ اﻟﺸﺎﻋﺮ ﺻﺎﻟﺢ ﺟﻮدت "أﻧﻪ اﺻﺪق ﺷﻌﺮاء اﻟﻌﺮب ﺗﻤﺜﻴ ً‬
‫ﻼ ﻟﻠﻘﻮﻣﻴﺔ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ"‪.‬‬

‫وﻋﺒﺮ ﻃﻪ ﺣﺴﻴﻦ ﻋﻦ رأﻳﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺷﻌﺮ ﻣﻄﺮان وﻫﻮ ﻳﺨﺎﻃﺒﻪ ﻗﺎﺋ ً‬

‫ﻼ "إﻧﻚ زﻋﻴﻢ اﻟﺸﻌﺮ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﻲ اﻟﻤﻌﺎﺻﺮ‪ ،‬وأﺳﺘﺎذ اﻟﺸﻌﺮاء اﻟﻌﺮب‬
‫"ﺣﺎﻓﻈﺎ" ﻣﻦ أن ﻳﺴﺮف ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﺤﺎﻓﻈﺔ ﺣﺘﻰ ﻳﺼﻴﺢ ﺷﻌﺮه ﻛﺤﺪﻳﺚ اﻟﻨﺎﺋﻤﻴﻦ‪ ،‬وأﻧﺖ ﺣﻤﻴﺖ "ﺷﻮﻗﻲ" ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ً‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻌﺎﺻﺮﻳﻦ‪ ،‬وأﻧﺖ ﺣﻤﻴﺖ‬
‫أن ﻳﺴﺮف ﻓﻲ اﻟﺘﺠﺪﻳﺪ ﺣﺘﻰ ﻳﺼﺒﺢ ﺷﻌﺮه ﻛﻬﺬﻳﺎن اﻟﻤﺤﻤﻮﻣﻴﻦ"‪.‬‬

‫وﻗﺎل ﻋﻨﻪ اﻟﺸﺎﻋﺮ اﻟﻌﺮاﻗﻲ اﻟﻤﻌﺮوف ﻓﺎﻟﺢ اﻟﺤﺠﻴﺔ اﻟﻜﻴﻼﻧﻲ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻮﻗﻌﻪ إﺳﻼم ﺳﻴﻔﻼﻳﺰﻳﺸﻦ ‪-‬اﻟﺸﻌﺮاء )ﻋﺮف ﻣﻄﺮان ﻛﻮاﺣﺪ‬
‫ﻣﻦ رواد ﺣﺮﻛﺔ اﻟﺘﺠﺪﻳﺪ‪ ،‬وﺻﺎﺣﺐ ﻣﺪرﺳﺔ ﻣﺘﺠﺪدة ﻓﻲ اﻟﺸﻌﺮ واﻟﻨﺜﺮ‪ ،‬وﺗﻤﻴﺰ أﺳﻠﻮﺑﻪ اﻟﺸﻌﺮي ﺑﺎﻟﺼﺪق اﻟﻮﺟﺪاﻧﻲ اﻟﺤﻲ‬
‫واﻷﺻﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ واﻟﻨﻐﻤﺔ اﻟﻤﻮﺳﻴﻘﻴﺔ‪ ،‬وﻳﻌﺪ ﻣﻄﺮان ﻣﻦ ﻣﺠﺪدي اﻟﺸﻌﺮ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﻲ اﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ‪ ،‬وﻣﻦ ﻣﺠﺪدي اﻟﻨﺜﺮ إذ أﺧﺮﺟﻪ ﻣﻦ‬
‫اﻷﺳﺎﻟﻴﺐ اﻷدﺑﻴﺔ اﻟﻘﺪﻳﻤﺔ‪*(.‬‬
‫ً‬
‫ﺣﺎﺿﺮا ﻛﺬﻟﻚ‪ ،‬ﻓﺸﻌﺮه وأﺳﻠﻮﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﺎ ﻗﺎل ﻋﻨﻪ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺣﺴﻴﻦ ﻫﻴﻜﻞ "ﻋﺎش ﻣﻄﺮان ﻟﻠﺤﺎﺿﺮ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺤﺎﺿﺮ وﺟﺬب ﺟﻴﻠﻪ ﻟﻴﺠﻌﻠﻪ‬
‫وﺗﻔﻜﻴﺮه ﻛﻠﻬﺎ ﺣﻴﺎة ﺟﻠﺖ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ اﻟﺬﻛﺮى وﻋﻈﻤﺖ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ اﻟﺤﻴﻮﻳﺔ‪ ،‬وﻟﻬﺬا ﺗﺮاﻫﻢ ﺣﻴﻦ ﻳﺘﺤﺪﺛﻮن ﻋﻦ ﻣﻄﺮان ﻳﺘﺤﺪﺛﻮن ﻋﻦ اﻟﺸﻌﺮ‬
‫واﻟﺘﺠﺪﻳﺪ ﻓﻴﻪ"‪.‬‬

‫ﻣﻦ ﻗﺼﺎﺋﺪه اﻟﺮوﻣﺎﻧﺴﻴﺔ‪:‬‬

‫ْﻚ اﻟ ُﺒﺪُ ُ‬
‫ور اﻳْ َﻦ‬ ‫ﻮر ﻳﺎ ﺑَﺪْ ُر ُﺳﻤﻴﺖ ﺑﺪْ ً‬
‫را َواﻳْ َﻦ ِﻣﻨ َ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺐ َوﻫْ َﻮ َﺻ ُﺒ ُ‬ ‫اﻟﻤ ِﺤﺐ َﺻﺪُ ً‬
‫وﻗﺎ ِﻓﻲ ُ‬ ‫ﻴﺮ ﻟَ ْﻴ َﺲ ُ‬ ‫ﻼ َﻓﺎن َو ْﺟ ِﺪي ﻛ َ ِﺜ ُ‬ ‫ﻛﺎن َﺻ ْﺒ ِﺮي َﻗ ِﻠﻴ ً‬
‫ا ْن َ‬
‫ﻟﻢ ا ْﻧ َﺲ ِﺣ َ‬
‫ﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻮر ْ‬‫ﺐ ِﻣ َﻦ اﻟﺼ َﺒﺎ َوﻫْ َﻮ ُﻧ ُ‬
‫ﻮر اﻳْ َﻦ اﻟﺴﻨَﻰ َوﻫْ َﻮ َﺷ ْﻴ ٌ‬ ‫ﻴﻪ َواﻳْ َﻦ ِﻣﻨ ُْﻪ اﻟﺸﻌُ ُ‬‫ﺎﺣ ُﺔ ِﻓ ِ‬ ‫ﻴﺮ اﻳْ َﻦ اﻟﺼ َﺒ َ‬ ‫ﺎة ﻳُ ِﻨ ُ‬ ‫اﻟﺠ َﻤﺎدُ ُﻣ ِﻨ ً‬
‫ﻴﺮا ِﻣ ْﻦ ِذي َﺣ َﻴ ٍ‬ ‫َ‬
‫ﻴﻦ ِﻣ َﻦ اﻟﻬَ َﻮى‬
‫اء َﺣ ِﻨ ٌ‬ ‫ﺎك َﺷﻜُ ُ‬
‫ﻮر َو ِﻓﻲ اﻟﻬَ َﻮ ِ‬ ‫ﺄﺑﺎ َو ُرب َﺷ ِ‬ ‫ام ِدﻋَ ً‬ ‫ﻴﺮ َﻧ ْﺸﻜﻮ َ‬
‫اﻟﻐ َﺮ َ‬ ‫اء َﺣ ِﺴ ُ‬ ‫ﻴﺮ ا ِذ ْاﻟﻌُ ُﻴﻮن ِﻧ َﻴﺎمٌ َواﻟﻠ ْﻴ ُﻞ َر ٍ‬ ‫ﻘﻴﻨَﺎ َواﻟﺮ ْو ُض ٍ‬
‫زاه َﻧ ِﻀ ُ‬ ‫اﻟﺘَ ْ‬
‫َو َز ِﻓ ُ‬
‫ﻴﺮ‬

‫ﻣﻦ ﻗﺼﺎﺋﺪه‬

‫اﻟﻤﺴﺎء‪ ،‬ﻣﻮت ﻋﺰﻳﺰ‪ ،‬اﻷﺳﺪ اﻟﺒﺎﻛﻲ‪ ،‬وﻓﺎء‪ ،‬اﻟﺠﻨﻴﻦ اﻟﺸﻬﻴﺪ‪ ،‬اﻟﻤﻨﺘﺤﺮ‪ ،‬اﻟﻄﻔﻞ اﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮ‪ ،‬ﻧﻴﺮون‪ ،‬ﻓﺘﺎة اﻟﺠﺒﻞ اﻷﺳﻮد‪ ،‬ﺷﻴﺦ أﺛﻴﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﺑﻴﻦ‬
‫اﻟﻘﻠﺐ واﻟﺪﻣﻊ‪ ،‬اﻟﺰﻧﺒﻘﺔ وﻏﻴﺮﻫﺎ اﻟﻜﺜﻴﺮ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻘﺼﺎﺋﺪ اﻟﻤﻤﻴﺰة ﻟﻤﻄﺮان‪.‬‬

‫وﻗﺪم ﻟﻠﻤﻜﺘﺒﺔ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻛﺘﺐ ﻣﻦ ﻳﻨﺎﺑﻴﻊ اﻟﺤﻜﻤﺔ واﻷﻣﺜﺎل‪ ،‬دﻳﻮان اﻟﺨﻠﻴﻞ‪ ،‬إﻟﻰ اﻟﺸﺒﺎب واﻟﻌﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﺘﺮﺟﻤﺎت ﻟﻜﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺷﻜﺴﺒﻴﺮ‪،‬‬
‫وﻓﻴﻜﺘﻮر ﻫﻮﺟﻮ‪.‬‬

‫ﺗﻌﺪ ﻗﺼﻴﺪة "اﻟﻤﺴﺎء" ﻣﻦ أﺷﻬﺮ ﻗﺼﺎﺋﺪ ﻣﻄﺮان واﻟﺘﻲ ﻗﺎل ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‪:‬‬

‫ﺐ‬ ‫اﺳﺘَ َﺒﺪا ِﺑﻲ َو َﻣﺎ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻈ ْﻠ ِﻢ ِﻣﺜْ ُﻞ َﺗ َﺤﻜ ِﻢ اﻟﻀﻌَ َﻔ ِ‬

‫ﺎء َﻗ ْﻠ ٌ‬ ‫داء أﻟﻢ َﻓ ِﺨ ْﻠ ُﺖ ِﻓ ِ‬
‫ﻴﻪ َﺷ َﻔﺎ ِﺋﻲ ِﻣ ْﻦ َﺻ ْﺒ َﻮ ِﺗﻲ َﻓﺘَ َﻀﺎﻋَ َﻔ ْﺖ ﺑ َُﺮ َﺣﺎ ِﺋﻲ ﻳَ ﺎ ﻟَﻠﻀ ِﻌ َ‬
‫ﻴﻔ ْﻴ ِﻦ ْ‬ ‫ٌ‬
‫ﺎح‬ ‫اء َواﻟﻌَ ْﻘ ُﻞ ﻛ َ ِ‬
‫ﺎﻟﻤ ْﺼ َﺒ ِ‬ ‫ﻳﺐ َواﻟﺼﻌَ ﺪَ ِ‬ ‫ﻴﻢ َﺗﻨَﻬ ٍﺪ ﻓﻲ َﺣ َ‬
‫ﺎﻟﻲ اﻟﺘ ْﺼ ِﻮ ِ‬ ‫ﻼﻟَ ٌﺔ َرﺛ ْﺖ ِﻣ ِﻦ اﻻدْ َو ِ‬
‫اء َواﻟﺮ ْو ُح ْﺑﻴﻨَﻬُ َﻤﺎ َﻧ ِﺴ ُ‬ ‫ا َذاﺑَﺘْ ُﻪ اﻟﺼ َﺒﺎﺑ َُﺔ َو ْاﻟ َﺠ َﻮى َو ِﻏ َ‬
 ‫ﻴﻚ ا َﺿﻌْ ُﺖ ﻟَ ْﻮ‬
‫ﺎﺷﺘﻲ َو َذﻛَﺎ ِﺋﻲ ﻋُ ْﻤ َﺮﻳْ ِﻦ ِﻓ ِ‬‫ﻮب ِد َﻣﺎ ِﺋﻲ ﻫ ََﺬا اﻟ ِﺬي اﺑ َْﻘ ْﻴ ِﺘ ِﻪ ﻳَ ﺎ ُﻣﻨ َْﻴﺘﻲ ِﻣ ْﻦ ا ْﺿ ُﻠ ِﻌﻲ َو َﺣ َﺸ َ‬
‫ﻳَ ْﻐ َﺸﻰ ُﻧﻮ َر ُه ﻛَﺪَ ِري َوﻳُ ْﻀ ِﻌ ُﻔ ُﻪ ُﻧ ُﻀ ُ‬
‫ﺒﻴﺎ ِﻧ ِﻪ ﻟَ ْﻮﻻَ ِك ﻓﻲ اﻻ ْﺣ َﻴ ِ‬
‫ﺎء‬ ‫ﻟﻢ ﻳَ ْﺠﺪُ َرا ِﺑﺘَ ﺎﺳ ِﻔﻲ َو ُﺑﻜَﺎ ِﺋﻲ ﻋُ ْﻤ َﺮ ْاﻟ َﻔﺘﻰ ْاﻟ َﻔﺎ ِﻧﻲ َوﻋُ ْﻤ َﺮ َ‬
‫ﻣﺨﻠ ٍﺪ ِﺑ َ‬ ‫ا ْﻧ َﺼ ْﻔ ِﺘﻨﻲ ْ‬

‫ً‬
‫ﻣﺪﻣﺠﺎ ﻋﻮاﻃﻔﻪ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﺔ ﻓﻴﻘﻮل‪:‬‬ ‫وﻳﺴﺘﺮﺳﻞ ﻓﻲ ﻧﻔﺲ اﻟﻘﺼﻴﺪة‬

‫اء ا ْو‬‫ﻴﺐ ﻫ ََﻮ ِ‬‫ان ِﻃ ُ‬‫ﻴﺮ َ‬‫ﻴﺐ ﻫ ََﻮا ِﺋﻬَ ﺎ اﻳُ ﻠَﻄﻒ اﻟﻨ َ‬ ‫ﺎﻟﻤﻨﻰ ﻓﻲ ُﻏ ْﺮﺑ ٍَﺔ َﻗﺎﻟﻮا َﺗﻜُﻮنُ دَ َوا ِﺋﻲ ا ْن ﻳَ ْﺸ ِﻒ ﻫ ََﺬا ْاﻟ ِﺠ ْﺴ َﻢ ِﻃ ُ‬ ‫اﻧﻲ ا َﻗ ْﻤ ُﺖ ﻋَ ﻠﻰ اﻟﺘ ِﻌﻠ ِﺔ ِﺑ ُ‬
‫ﺎء ُﻣﺘَ َﻔﺮدٌ‬
‫ﺘﺸ َﻔ ِ‬
‫ﺎي ِﻻ ْﺳ ْ‬ ‫ﻼ ِد َو ِﻋﻠ ٌﺔ ﻓﻲ ِﻋﻠ ٍﺔ َﻣﻨ َْﻔ َ‬ ‫ﺚ َﻃ َﻮاﻓﻲ ﻓﻲ ْاﻟ ِﺒ َ‬ ‫ﺎﻣﻬَ ﺎ ﻫ َْﻞ َﻣ ْﺴﻜ َ ٌﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟ ُﺒﻌْ ِﺪ ْﻟﻠ َﺤ ْﻮﺑ ِ‬
‫َﺎء ﻋَ َﺒ ٌ‬ ‫ﻳُ ْﻤ ِﺴ ِﻚ ْاﻟ َﺤ ْﻮﺑ َ‬
‫َﺎء ُﺣ ْﺴ ُﻦ ُﻣ َﻘ َ‬
‫ﺛﺎو ﻋَ ﻠَﻰ َﺻ ْﺨ ٍﺮ ا َﺻﻢ َوﻟَ ْﻴ َ‬
‫ﺖ‬ ‫ﺎء ٍ‬ ‫ﺎﺣ ِﻪ اﻟﻬَ ْﻮ َﺟ ِ‬‫اﻃ ِﺮي َﻓ ُﻴ ِﺠﻴ ُﺒ ِﻨﻲ ِﺑ ِﺮﻳَ ِ‬
‫ﺮاب َﺧ َﻮ ِ‬
‫اﺿ َﻄ َ‬ ‫ﺷﺎك اﻟﻰ اﻟ َﺒ ْﺤ ِﺮ ْ‬ ‫ٍ‬ ‫ِﺑ َﺼ َﺒﺎﺑَﺘﻲ ُﻣﺘَ َﻔﺮد ِﺑﻜَﺂﺑ َِﺘﻲ ُﻣﺘَ َﻔﺮدٌ ﺑَﻌَ ﻨَﺎ ِﺋﻲ‬
‫اﻟﺠ َﻮا ِﻧ ِﺐ َﺿﺎ ِﺋ ٌﻖ ﻛ َ َﻤ ً‬ ‫ﺎر ِﻫﻲ َوﻳَ ُﻔﺘﻬَ ﺎ ﻛَﺎﻟﺴ ْﻘ ِﻢ ﻓﻲ اﻋْ َﻀﺎ ِﺋﻲ َواﻟ َﺒ ْﺤ ُﺮ َﺧﻔ ُ‬ ‫ِﻟﻲ َﻗ ْﻠ ً‬
‫ﺪا‬ ‫ﺎق َ‬ ‫ﺎء ﻳَ ﻨْﺘَ ﺎﺑُﻬَ ﺎ َﻣ ْﻮ ٌج ﻛ َ َﻤ ْﻮ ِج َﻣﻜ َ ِ‬
‫ﺒﺎ ﻛَﻬَ ِﺬي اﻟﺼ ْﺨ َﺮ ِة اﻟﺼﻤ ِ‬
‫ﻳﺢ َﺟ ْﻔﻨ ُُﻪ ﻳُ ْﻐ ِﻀﻲ ﻋَ ﻠَﻰ‬‫ﺎء َﺗ ْﻐ َﺸﻰ ْاﻟﺒﺮﻳ َﺔ ﻛُﺪْ َر ٌة َوﻛَﺎﻧﻬَ ﺎ َﺻ ِﻌﺪَ ْت اﻟﻰ ﻋَ ْﻴﻨَﻲ ِﻣ ْﻦ ا ْﺣ َﺸﺎﺋﻲ َواﻻ ْﻓ ُﻖ ُﻣﻌْ ﺘَ ِﻜ ٌﺮ َﻗ ِﺮ ٌ‬ ‫ﻛﺼﺪْ ِري َﺳﺎﻋَ َﺔ اﻻ ْﻣ َﺴ ِ‬ ‫َ‬
‫ﺂﺗﻢ اﻻ ْﺿ َﻮ ِ‬
‫اء‬ ‫ﺎر َو َﺻ ْﺮﻋَ ًﺔ ِﻟﻠﺸ ْﻤ ِﺲ ﺑ َ‬
‫َﻴﻦ َﻣ ِ‬ ‫ً‬ ‫َ‬
‫ﺒﺮ ٍة ِﻟﻠﺮاﺋﻲ ا َوﻟ ْﻴ َﺲ َﻧ ْﺰﻋﺎ ِﻟﻠﻨﻬَ ِ‬
‫ﺎم َو ِﻋ َ‬ ‫وب َو َﻣﺎ ِﺑ ِﻪ ِﻣ ْﻦ ﻋَ ْﺒ َﺮ ٍة ﻟ ِﻠ ْﻤ ْﺴﺘَ ﻬَ ِ‬‫اء ﻳﺎ ﻟَ ْﻠ ُﻐ ُﺮ ِ‬
‫ات َواﻻ ْﻗ َﺬ ِ‬ ‫ْاﻟ َﻐ َﻤ َﺮ ِ‬
‫ﺪى َوإﺑَﺎدَ ًة ِﻟ َﻤﻌَ ِ‬
‫ﺎﻟﻢ اﻻ ْﺷ َﻴ ِ‬
‫ﺎء‪..‬‬ ‫ﻮد اﻟﻰ َﻣ ً‬ ‫ﻮا ِﻟ ْﻠﻮُ ُﺟ ِ‬ ‫ﻼ ِﺋ ِﻞ اﻟﻈ ْﻠ َﻤ ِ‬
‫ﺎء ا َوﻟَ ْﻴ َﺲ َﻣ ْﺤ ً‬ ‫َﻴﻦ َﻏ َ‬ ‫ﺜﺎ ﻟ ِﻠﺸﻚ ﺑ َ‬ ‫ﺴﺎ ِﻟ ْﻠ َﻴ ِﻘﻴﻦ َو َﻣ ْﺒﻌَ ً‬
‫ِ‬
‫ا َوﻟَ ْﻴ َﺲ َﻃ ْﻤ ً‬

‫وﻓﺎﺗﻪ‬

‫ﺗﻮﻓﻲ ﻓﻲ اﻷول ﻣﻦ ﻳﻮﻧﻴﻮ اﻟﻌﺎم ‪1949‬م ﺑﻌﺪ أن اﺷﺘﺪ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ اﻟﻤﺮض‪ ،‬ﻟﺘﺸﻬﺪ ﻣﺼﺮ وﻓﺎﺗﻪ ﻛﻤﺎ ﺷﻬﺪت اﻧﻄﻼﻗﺘﻪ اﻷدﺑﻴﺔ‪.‬‬

‫ﻣﺮاﺟﻊ‬

‫— ﺗﺎرﻳﺦ اﻻﻃﻼع‪ 10 :‬أﻛﺘﻮﺑﺮ ‪ — 2015‬اﻟﻤﺆﻟﻒ‪ :‬اﻟﻤﻜﺘﺒﺔ‬ ‫‪http://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11288236s .1‬‬

‫اﻟﻮﻃﻨﻴﺔ اﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ — اﻟﺮﺧﺼﺔ‪ :‬رﺧﺼﺔ ﺣﺮة‬

‫وﺻﻼت ﺧﺎرﺟﻴﺔ‬

‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻮﻗﻊ ‪Encyclopædia‬‬ ‫ﺧﻠﻴﻞ ﻣﻄﺮان )‪(https://www.britannica.com/biography/Khalil-Mutran‬‬

‫‪) Britannica Online‬اﻹﻧﺠﻠﻴﺰﻳﺔ(‬

‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻮﻗﻊ اﻟﻤﻜﺘﺒﺔ اﻟﻤﻔﺘﻮﺣﺔ )اﻹﻧﺠﻠﻴﺰﻳﺔ(‬ ‫ﺧﻠﻴﻞ ﻣﻄﺮان )‪(https://openlibrary.org/works/OL4577063A‬‬

‫اﻷﻋﻤﺎل اﻟﺸﻌﺮﻳﺔ اﻟﻜﺎﻣﻠﺔ ﻟﺨﻠﻴﻞ ﻣﻄﺮان ﻋﺒﺮ ﺑﻮاﺑﺔ اﻟﺸﻌﺮاء )‪. (https://poetsgate.com/poet.php?pt=572‬‬

‫ﻣﻦ ﻫﻮ ﺷﺎﻋﺮ اﻟﻘﻄﺮﻳﻦ )‪(/https://www.almuheet.net/21266‬‬

‫ﺧﻠﻴﻞ ﻣﻄﺮان ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﺸﺎرﻳﻊ اﻟﺸﻘﻴﻘﺔ‬ ‫‪ ‬‬

‫‪  ‬ﺻﻮر وﻣﻠﻔﺎت ﺻﻮﺗﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻛﻮﻣﻨﺰ‬

‫‪  ‬ﻧﺼﻮص ﻣﺼﺪرﻳﺔ ﻣﻦ وﻳﻜﻲ ﻣﺼﺪر‬

‫‪ ‬ﺑﻮاﺑﺔ ﺷﺘﺎت ﻋﺮﺑﻲ‬

‫‪ ‬ﺑﻮاﺑﺔ أدب ﻋﺮﺑﻲ‬

 ‫‪ ‬ﺑﻮاﺑﺔ أﻋﻼم‬

‫‪ ‬ﺑﻮاﺑﺔ ﻟﺒﻨﺎن‬

‫‪ ‬ﺑﻮاﺑﺔ أدب‬

‫‪ ‬ﺑﻮاﺑﺔ ﻣﺼﺮ‬

‫ﻣﺠﻠﻮﺑﺔ ﻣﻦ "?‪https://ar.wikipedia.org/w/index.php‬‬
‫‪&oldid=53896099‬ﺧﻠﻴﻞ_ﻣﻄﺮان=‪"title‬‬

‫آﺧﺮ ﺗﻌﺪﻳﻞ ﺗﻢ ﻗﺒﻞ ‪ 25‬أﻳﺎم ﺑﻮاﺳﻄﺔ وﺳﺎم‬

‫اﻟﻤﺤﺘﻮى ﻣﺘﺎح وﻓﻖ ‪ CC BY-SA 3.0‬إن ﻟﻢ ﻳﺮد ﺧﻼف ذﻟﻚ‪.‬‬