DESIGN OF NON-

ERODIBLE CANALS
 CANAL DESIGN
1. non-erodible
2. erodible
 non-erodible channel
DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS
1. Design Discharge
2. Roughness Coefficient
3. Side Slope
4. Bottom Slope
5. Minimum Permissible
Velocity
6. Critical Depth
7. Free Board
1. design discharge (Q)
 IRRIGATION  DRAINAGE
 Main Canal -  DRAINAGE
DIVERSION WATER REQUIREMENT
REQUIREMENT

 Tertiary Canal -
FARM WATER
REQUIREMENT
2. roughness coefficient (n)
 nature of materials
forming the
channel
3. side slope (z)
 based on the angle of
repose property of the
soil
4. bottom slope (S)
 topography and
head loss
consideration
5. minimum permissible
velocity
 fornon-erodible channels, the
velocity through the canal must
be at least

0.6 to 0.9 m/s

6. critical depth (dc)
V
 toavoid Fr 
hydraulic jump gD
along the
channel
d  dC
7. Free Board (FB)
 depth allowance to avoid
spillage caused by wave action
FB = D - d
D
d

D = f (120% to 130% Q)
8. Other considerations
 Fr≤ 0.80
 Vmax = 2.1 m/s (for non-reinforced
canal linings)
 Vmax = 5.5 m/s (for reinforced canal
linings)
 Vmin = 0.75 m/s (to prevent
vegetation growth)
 Design of Non-Erodible
Canals
1. Regular Cross-section
2. Best Hydraulic Section
A. REGULAR CROSS-SECTION

Q = VA

Q = 1÷n . R2/3 S1/2 A

Q n ÷ S1/2 = (A/P)2/3 A
Qn÷ 1/2
S = A 5/3 ÷ P2/3
 Sample Problem
Design trapezoidal canal to carry a flow of
10 m3/s over a bottom slope of 0.05
assuming a roughness of 0.015, b/d of 4
and a side slope of 2. Check the design
safety.
 B. BEST HYDRAULIC SECTION
For a constant AREA,
 Discharge is MAXIMUM
 Velocity is MAXIMUM

V =1/n R2/3 S 1/2

R = A/P
 Hydraulic Radius is MAXIMUM
 Perimeter is MINIMUM
BHS for a trapezoid
BHS for a rectangle
BHS for a triangle
PROVING that
PROVING that
PROVING that
PROVING that
PROVING that
PROVING that
SUMMARY OF FORMULA
 SAMPLE PROBLEM

What dimensions would you

recommend for a canal that will
3
carry 8.5 m /s of water with a
velocity of 2.0 m/s considering
the BHS for (1) a semi-circle, (2)
rectangle and (3) trapezoid?