Notes from NBDE Part 1 – 2005

Anatomic Sciences

-What is the superior border of the submandibular triangle?

-Which of the following forms the floor of the carotid triangle?

-mylohyoid
-omohyoid
-anterior border of digastric
-posterior border of digastric

-What relays proprioception from periodontal ligament?

-mesencephalic nucleus
-other answers were the other nucleus’s

-What would happen if right abducens nerve is damaged?

-right eye would not abduct
-right eye would not adduct
-right eye would not look up
-right eye would not look down

-Which muscle abducts vocal cords ?

-post cricoarytnoid

-Which of the following is not in the middle cranial fossa?

-choices were foramens (ans. Jugular foramen)

-Where does the buccinator attach posteriorly?

-pterygomandibular raphe
-stylomandibular ligament
-sphenomandibular ligament

-The renal pyramids are primarily located in?

-medulla
-cortex
-renal pelvis

-The large intestine differenciates from the small intestine by?

-lacks myenteric plexus
-has glands
-lack….. cant remember the answers on this one

-One question about the thumb and its innervation

-Which of the following branches from the first part of the subclavian artery?
-vertebral artery
-costocervical artery

-What nerve innervates the posterior hard palate?

-greater palatine
-PSA
-ASA
 -nasopalatine
-lesser palatine

-Which papilla is the only keratinized papilla?

-foliate
-filliform
-fungiform
-vallate

-Which papilla are taste buds?

-same anwers as above.

-Which muscle in not innervated by pharyngeal plexus?

-tensor veli palatine

-arterial supply of ventral surface and tip of the tongue

-part of the oral cavity which is directly attached to the periosteum

-multinucleated giant cell(osteoclast)

-question on pterygopalatine ganglion

-unpaired branches of abdominal aorta

-damage of the nerve which leads to the movement of tongue on the side of the
lesion

-there was one diagram of the eye in which u had to tell the location of lacrimal
gland

-nerve supply of the second branchial arch

-epithelial lining of urinary system

-functional unit of kidney

-site of r-RNA synthesis

-the pic. about lacrimal gland asking where the lacrimal gland was located...

-in an athelte them muscles contain more of which fibres...

Biochemisty / Physiology

-What are the values for Km and Vmax in competitive inhibition?

-increased Km and no change in Vmax

-When does DNA replication take place?

-M
-S
-G1
-G2
-Which causes edema?
-constriction of arterioles
-increased blood pressure in arteries
-…no answers had hydrostatic pressure in them

-What is feature of respiratory alkalosis?

-hyperventilation

-Decreased pCO2 causes?

-hyperventilation

-Which causes hypotension?

-anemia

-Which characterizes gomphosis?

Tooth and alveolar bone

-Birth control meds cause?

-no ovulation
-cant remember the answers…

-Sucrose becomes?
-glucose and fructose

-In solution of 0.2mol NaCl and 0.2mol glucose, separated by a membrane (or
something like that), water moves?
-from glucose to the saline solution (this is an old test question)

-question linking zinc to carbonic anhydrase

-calculation for net filtration pressure

-last enzyme in the gluconeogenesis

-RLE of cholestrol synthesis

-some question on hyperparathyroidism

-Which of the following represents mechanism of action of diphtheria toxin

-right ventricles give blood to which...pulmonary trunk or vein???...

-functional unit of muscles...

-functional unit of kidney...

-functional unit of a nerve cell...

-the essential amino acids are...

-which acid is essential for collagen of bone...proline?...

-the action of flouride in our body is mainly by...

-streptococcus acts thru which acid

A. activates camp
B. causes cytolysis
C. inhibits translation
D. inhibits transcription
E. inhibits dna replication

- The main route of calcium excretion from a normal human adult is

A. urine.
B. Sweat
C. Saliva
D. Feces
E. Tears

Ans D

- Atropine prevents the secration of saliva resulting from stimulation of the chorda
tympani because it

A. denatures the salivary gland proteins.

B. Prevents the action of acetylcholine on the secreting cells
C. Prevents release of acetylcholine by parasympathetic postganglionic fibers
D. Prevents release of acetylcholine by sympathetic postganglionic fibers
E. Prevents release of acetylchonie in autonomic ganglia

Answ C

- An analysis of an EKG shows P-waves occurring in the S-T segment. This would
indicate ectopic beats originating in the

A. atria
B. A-V node
C. Lower portion of the bundle of His
D. Upper portion of the bundle of His

- Which of the following enzymes synthesizes polynucleotide chains from nucleotides

and does NOT required a primer chain?

A. Ligase
B. Exonuclease
C. Endonuclease
D. DNA polymerase
E. RNA polymerase

- Which of the following types of blotting can be used to identify DNA restriction
fragments?

A. Eastern
B. Southern
C. Northern
D. Western
- Which of the following is a nucleotide?

A. Urate
B. Uracil
C. Ribose
D. Adenosine
E. Thymidylate

- Which of the following enzymes seals nicks in DNA?

A. Ligase
B. Exonuclease
C. Endonuclease
D. DNA polymerase
E. RNA polymerase

Answ D

- Each of the following coenzymes is a component of the pyruvate dehydrogenase

complex EXCEPT one. Which one is this EXCEPTION?

A. NAD
B. Biotin
C. Coenzyme A
D. Lipoic acid
E. Thiamine pyrophosphate

Answ B

- The cell membrane is LEAST permeable to which of the following substances?

A. O2
B. CO2
C. H2O
D. Sodium
E. Ethanol

Answ e (not sure)

- How many nucleotides are needed to code for protein with 150 amino acids?

A. 50
B. 150
C. 300
D. 450
E. 600

-the sublingual caruncles are elevations that-

A. are also called the sublingual folds

B. are located on both sides of the lingual fenum
C. are caused by the underlying deep lingual veins
D. contain the openings for all of the sublingual ducts
E. are related to the posterior aspect of the sublingual glands

-in erythropoiesis,which of the following increases from the proerythroblast to the

mature erythrocyte

A. cell size
B. phagocytic ability
C. cytoplasmic acidophilia
D. cytoplasmic basophilia

- initially,the developing heart is

A. induced by the notochord

B. positioned poterior to the notochord
C. positioned anterior to the protochordal plate
D. b/w the protochordal plate and the notochord

- which of the following are parts of the conducting division of the respiratory
system

A. alveoli
B. alveolar ducts
C. primary bronchus
D. terminal bronchioles
E. respiratory bronchioles

-preganglionic nerve cell bodies for fibres that reach the otic ganglion are located in
the

A. inferior salivatory nucleus

B. superior salivatory nucleus
C. dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus nerve
D. accesory nucleus of the occulomotor nerve
E. nucleus of the mesencephalic tract of the trigeminal nerve

-which of the following statement best describe hydroxiapatite in enamel

A. has a non polar surface
B.has 10 ions in each unit cell
C. contains no ion substitutions
D. has a higher solubility than fluorapatite
E. has a solubility tht decreases as ph decreases
microbiology /pathology :

-symptoms of hyperthyroidism except...

-organism for pneumonia in aids...

-instrument not suited for autoclave...

-organism for green pus (pseudomonas)...same question was posted in this site so i
knew the answer-thanx

-if tuberculosis produces exo or endo toxins...(neither)

-granulomatous infections except...(syphilis)/is syphillis a granulomatous infection?

-there were about 4or 5 questions about retrovirus

-the latent virus infection...(herpes)

-the latent virus infection site...

-2 or 3 questions about 'herpes virus 8'

-similarity between type 1 and type 4 hypersensitivity...

-wat kind of change is rough to smooth reticulum...(like conjugation/transformation)

-sterilization of heat sensitive instruments by...

-most important organism producing subacute bacterial endocarditis...(alpha

hemolytic strep)

-most uncommmon site for infarction...(liver)

-pernicious anemia treatment...(vitamin B12)

-baceria which produces green pus

-similarity between type 1 and type 4 hypersensitivity

-some questions on transcription and translation

-there were some options and u had to tell wat is not a granulomatous inflammation

-some question on sterlisation

-chrohn's disease

-Which of the following statements describes an example of innate immunity?

A. An allergic reaction to insect venom

B. The classical pathway of complement
C. The destruction of virus-infected cells by T-killer cells
D. The production of IgG in response to insect venom
E. The alternative pathway of complement

- The epidemic of HIV-related disease bears major responsibility for the resurgence
of which respiratory pathogen?

A. Streptococcus pneumoniae
B. Hemophilus infuenzae
C. Streptococcus pyogenes
D. Mycobacterium tuberculosis
E. Mycoplasma pneumoniae

- Which of the folliwng represents a risk factor for the development of endometrial
carcinoma?

A. HPV infection
B. Endometriosis
C. Multiple leiomyomas
D. Multiple pregnancies
E. Hyperestrogenism

-Which of the following types of bronchogenic carcinoma is MOST commonly

associated with paraneoplastic syndrome?

A. Small cell
B. Large cell
C. Mesothelioma
D. Squamous cell
E. Adenocarcinoma

-Each of the following statements about lymphocyte activation is correct EXCEPT

one. Which one is this EXCEPTION?

A. Interelukin 5 is a B cell growth and differentiation factor.

B. Interleukin 2 stimulates proliferation of T and B lymphocytes.
C. B lymphocytes recognize antigen on the surface of antigen presenting cells in the
context of HLA-D molecules
D. T lymphocytes recognize antigen on the surface of antigen presenting cells in the
context of HLA-B molecules.

- In essential hypertension, which of the following represents the classic autopsy

finding in the kindney?

A. Pyelonephritis
B. Glomerulonephritis
C. Benign nephrosclerosis
D. Renal artery stenosis
E. Renal infraction

- Aspiration of food can result in each of the following conditions EXCEPT one. Which
one is this EXCEPTION?
A. Pneumonia
B. Pneumothorax
C. Lung abscess
D. Atelectasis
E. Asphyxiation

- Each of the following is a type of inflammatory exudates EXCEPT one. Which one is
the EXCEPTION?

A. Serous
B. Fibrous
C. Purulent
D. Fibrinous
E. Pseudomembranous

Answ B

dental anatomy

-lots of questions on occlusion around 30-40 questions.most of them were on class II

and class III 1.dates of canine eruptions...primary

-which tooth replaces primary 2nd molars...

-the tooth likely with four canals...

-the difference in distance between primary molars and permanent premolars is

more or less and how much...

-how many cusps on primary 1st mandibular molar...

-which is the biggest cusp on the 1st primary mandibular molar...

-there were 2 occlusion diagrams...same from the released questions papers...

-the conydlar movements in a working side...

-the condylar movements on a non-working side(they asked indirectly giving

examples with right and left...like if rite side moves to left they...blah blah...)

-diagrams with anterior guidance plane...

-also there were the posselt's diagramasking for the point of centric relation...

-which side is more distal or mesial side cusp in a primary canine...

-Which of the following describes the proper axial inclination of the palatal root of a
maxillary 2 molar?
A. Vertical
B. Mesial and Lingual
C. Mesial and Facial
D. Distal and Facial
E. Distal and Lingual
I think the answer is 'D'. Please let me know if I am wrong.

-The superior joint cavity of the TMJ joint is bordered by:

A. Glenoid fossa ans the condyle.

B. Mandibular fossa and the superior surface of the disc.
C. Mandibluar fossa and the superior surface of the condyle.
D. Inferior surface of the disc and the superior of the condyle.
E. Superior surface of the disc and the superior surface of the condyle.
I think the answer is 'B', please let me know if this wrong.

- Which of the following statements best describes the "compensating occlusal

curvature?"

A.The line beginning at the tip of the canines and following the facial cusps of
posterior teeth, as viewed from the facial aspect.
B. The inclination of teeth in relation to the vertical long axis of the body.
C. Any prominent ridge of enamel immediately above the cervical line of the crown of
tooth.
D. A notably pointed or rounded eminence on or near the masticating surface of
tooth.
E. The spherical composite arrangement fo the occlusal surfaces and incisal edges of
the teeth in both dental arches.
My answer is 'A', please let me know if this wrong.

- The MOST convex incisal angle on anterior teeth is found on which angel of which
incisior?

A. Distoincisal -- Maxillary lateral

B. Distoincisal -- Mandibular lateral
C. Distoincisal -- Mandibular central
D. Mesioncisal -- Maxillary lateral
E. Mesioncisal -- Maxillary central
My answer is 'A'. Correct me if I am wrong.

- the normal upright position, Except one. Which one is this exception?

A. None of the posterior teeth contact on the non-working side when the mandible
move laterally.
B. Anterior teeth disclude all posterior teeth in protrusive movement.
C. Condyles are in their most supero anterior position in closure.
D. Anterior teeth contact more heavily than the posterior teeth.
E. Axial loading of occlusal forces occurs in closure.
I think the answer is 'D', correct me if I am wrong.

- Which of the following anatomic factors will restrict the amount of lateral shift that
can occur on a working condyle?
A. Medial wall of the articular fossa on the working side
B. Superior wall of the articular fossa on the non-working side
C. Capsular ligaments
D. Stylohyoid ligament
E. Stylomandibular ligament

- A patient has an extremely wide, notched tooth in the mandibular left central
incisor position. Clinical and radiographic examinations reveal 28 teeth have erupted,
but four third molars have not erupted. Which of the following conditions exists?

A. Fusion
B. Dens in dente
C. Concrescence
D. Dilaceration
E. Gemination

-Which of the following structures contains both ascending and descending fibers
to/frm cerebral cortex?

A. ventral pons
B. pyramidal tracts
C. medial lemniscus
D internal capsule
E medial forebrain bundle

-Which of the following represents primary function of lysosome in steroid producing

cell?

A. digest cellular debris

B. hydrolyze spent cellular organelles
C. remove excess steroids from the cell
D. remove steroid precursors from the cell
E. cleave the ester from cholesterol ester to produce free cholesterol

-polymerisation of molecules into collagen fibrils occurs in the

A.ribosomes
b.lysosomes
C. extracellular space
D. rough endo plasmic reticulum
E. smooth endoplasmic reticulum

-injury of spinal accessory , while in posterior triangle, will cause paralysis of the
A. platysma
B. trapezius
C.splenius capitus
D. sternocleidomastoid
E. inferior belly of omohyoid

- Which of the following represents a well-vascularized structure in the

temporomandibular joint?
A. Retrodiscal tissues
B. Fibrous covering of the condyle
C. Central portion of the articular disc
D. Fibrous covering of the articular eminence
E. Fibrous covering of the condylar surface

Answ A

- In hydrocephalus, excess cerebral spinal fluid is found within which of the

following?

A. Ventricle
B. Subdural space
C. Cisterna magna
D. Subarachnoid space
E. Superior sagittal sinus

Answ A (not sure)

- If a tooth is out of occlusion for an extended period of time, then the

A. PDL width decreases

B. Bone lining the alveolus thickens
C. Tooth always ankyloses to the alveolus
D. PDL fiber bundles reverse their orientation
E. Tooth hypererupts as a result of increased dentin production

Answ A (not sure)

- Which of the following is located extracellularly?

A. Lysosomes
B. Microtubules
C. Tonofibril
D. Glycocalyx
E. Keratohyalin granules

Answ D

- In erythropoiesis, which of the following increases from the proerythroblast to the

mature erythrocyte?

A. Cell size
B. Phagocytic ability
C. Cytoplasmic acidophilia
D. Cytoplasmic basophilia

Ans D (not sure)