Nameofpre

sent
ors-
Kani
ka
andSi
mranj
eet

Nameofa
dvi
sor-Ma
damMr
s.
Poona
mGupta

Topi
c-Pri
mar
yHe a
lthCa
re
AndRoleOfNur
se
I
NTRODUCTI
ON
Heal
thi
sve
rypr
eci
oust
oal
lpe
opl
etr
y
topr acticehea l
thbehav i
ourtopr omo t
e,
protec t
,r ega
ina ndma intaintheirheal
th.
Butof tent heylackoptima lhealt
ha nd
well beingduet ovar
iousre as
onss uchas
l
a ckofk nowledge,posi
tivea t
tit
ude,
healthbe havi
oure t
c.The yne edhe l
p
andg uidancei nthi
sregardswhi chis
prov i
de dt hr
oug hwe l
lorga ni
sedhe al
th
servicesa rerendere
dt oindividualsat
theirpla ceofwor k,educa ti
one t
c .
InIndia,heal
thiscons
idereda s
c
onsti
tut
ionalri
ghtofe
veryci
t i
zen.The
s
tat
egove r
nme ntar
eres
ponsiblefor
provi
dinghealt
hcar
eserv
ice
sto
everyonewit
houtde
scr
imanti
onint
hei
r
re
s pe
c t
ives
tat
e.
Ai
msAndObj
ect
ive
sOf
P.
H.C
1.
Reduc
ti
onofmot
ali
tya
ndmor
bidi
ty
ra
tes
.
2.I
ncr
eas
eine
xpe
cta
ncyofl
if
e.
3.I
mpor
tanc
eofba
sicnut
ri
ti
ona
lst
atus
.
4.Pr
ovi
si
onofba
sics
ani
tat
ion.
5.Deve
lopme
ntofma
npowe
randot
her
ser
our
ces.

Pr
inc
ipl
esofPHC
1.
EQUI
TABLEDI
STRI
BUTI
ON:
I
tme
anst
hathe
alt
hca
res
erv
ice
sshoul
d
beequa ll
ya cces
sibl
etoa lli
rrespect
iveof
thei
rsoc i
o-economics t
a t
us,
castes,
rel
igi
onse tc.Butspecialatt
entionneeds
tobeg iventotheunde rpr i
vil
eg edunder
ser
vedv ulnerablegroups.InIndi a
ma j
orityofhe al
thservi
c e
sa re
concentrate
di nciti
eswhi l
erur alar
eas
whichne edhe al
thse r
vicesmor eha r
dly
havea nysoPHCov ercome sthis
i
mba lance.
2.
COMMUNI
TYPARTI
CIPATI
ON:
Forsucce
ssf
ulheal
thc a
reservi
cesthe
peopl
ea r
etobeinvolvedfort
akingcare
oft
he i
rownhe a
lth,
byma ki
ngthem
awareofcer
tai
nhe a
lthypract
ices.They
mustbeinvol
vedidenti
fyi
ngtheirheal
th
needsandsol
uti
onst
othehe
alt
hne
eds
orproble
ms.
Exa mple:Gov er
nme ntofIndi
ai s
tra
iningv i
ll
agehe al
thguideandlocal
dias,whoa rethepartofthatcommunity
thesepeoplesbeingloc
ali
tiesc
a neas
il
y
overcomec ult
uralandcommuni c
ati
on
barrie
rs.

3.
APPROPRI
ATE TECHNOLOGY:
I
tme ansthattheme t
hodstechnique
s
a
nde quipme nt
swhicha reus
edmus tbe
s
imple,scienti
fi
cal
lysoundin
a
ccordancewi t
hlocalneedsand
a
cceptablebyusersandthoseforwhom
t
heya
reus
ed.
Example:Ins
tea
dofusi
ngI Vfl
ui dsfor
t
r e
ati
ngdiarr
heaanddehydrat
ion. One
shoul
duseORSwhi chhardlyha sany
si
deeff
ects,i
tcanbest
ore
da ny where.

4.
FOCUSONPREVENTI
ON:
Thisi
mpliest
hatemphasi
smus tbeon
thepre
venti
onofdis
easeandpromoti
on
ofheal
th.Itmustf
rompar ta
ndpa r
cel
ofpri
ma r
yhealt
hcare
.

5MULTI
-SECTORALAPPROACH:
Gov
ernme
ntofI
ndi
aha
dre
ali
sedt
hat
PHCc an'tbeprovi
dedbyhealt
hsec t
ors
al
one.Sodiffe
rentwing
sofgover
nme nt
mustcomet oget
her(
suchaseduca
tion,
hous
ing,f
oodi ndus
try)
andworkina n
i
ntegr
atedma nner.

6.
MANPOWERDEVELOPMENT:
He al
thma npowe rr e
quirementa r
e
subj
e c
ttoc hangebot hquantit
a t
ive
lyand
quali
tat
ive
lya sne wprogramsa re
i
ntroducedi ntohealt
hcares y
stemwi t
h
eachproje
c tne wc at
egori
esofwor ker
s
areintr
oduc edlikevil
lag
ehe alt
hg ui
de
,TBAs ,mul ti
purposehealt
hwor k
eretc.
Theya respe c
ial
lytrai
nedf orspeci
al
goa
ls.Healt
hma npowerpl
anni
ngisan
i
mpor t
antobje
ctofcommunica
ting
hea
lthplanni
ng.
7.
COVERAGEAND
ACCESSI
BILI
TY:
PHCa imsa tpr ovidi
nge sse
nt ia
l
he a
lthc a
ret ot hewhol epopul ati
on.I
t
impliespr ovidinghe althcares ervi
cesto
all.e
g :-tomot her,
toc hildren,adult
s
,
elderlie
se tc.Anda l
sowhi cha re
reacha bletot he mi.ere achable
geogr aphical,financial
lyc ultural
ly,and
functionally.Thec areha stobe
appropr iatea nda dequa teint hecontent
andi ft osa t
isfythee ss
e nti
alhe alt
hne eds
ofpe oplea ndha stobepr ovidedby
me
thodsa
nda
cce
pta
blet
othe
m.
8SERVICESBYCOMMUNITY
HEALTHWORKERSAND
TRADITIONALHEALTH
PRACTITIONS:
PHCi sthefi
rstlevelcar
ewhi chis
provi
de dbyc ommuni t
ywor k
e r
swho
formal i
nkbe twe e
nt hecommuni ty
peopleandt hehe al
thsyst
em.Thet ype
ofcommuni t
yde pendingupon
communi t
yne edsandr es
ources.Iti
s
advantageifthesewor ke
rsbelongstothe
communi t
ytheys er
v ebecaus
eitwi l
l
overcomeal ang uageandc ul
turalbarr
er.
9.
REFERALSYSTEM:
Thet ranspor t
ationofpa ti
e ntsfr
oma nd
tore feralservi
c esha st
opr ope rl
y
orga nised.I tsho ul
dbee mpha s
izedthat
ther eferalisat wowa yproc essandt he
ret
e ntionofpa ti
e ntinrefe
r alinsti
tuti
on
shoul dbea sbriefa spossi
ble.Ass oonas
theirlineoft reatme ntha vebe en
recov eryc anbema int
ainedbys imple
me anst he ya r
ebutr et
urne dtot heir
communi ty.

10.
LOGI
STI
CSOFSUPPLY:
Thelogi
st
ic
sofsuppl
yincludepl
anni
ng
andbudget
ingf
orthesuppli
esre
quir
ed
procur
e mentorma nuf act
ure,stor
a ge
,
dis
tri
butiona ndc ontrolsuppli
esofthe
ri
ghtqua li
tya ndqua ntit
yha vetobe
deli
veredtoPHCf acil
iti
esattheri
g ht
ti
met oma k eitpossi
bletopr ovi
de
serv
icesont hec onti
nuingba si
s.A
syst
ems houldbee s
tablis
he dtoensure
conti
nuityofs upply.

11.
PHYSI
CALFACI
LITI
ES:
Thephy si
calfa
cil
iti
esf
orPHCne edto
besimpleandc l
ean.Alre
adyexis
ti
ng
healt
hfaci
lit
ie
sc a
nbeus e
dforthe
purpose.Itt
hesea r
etobespe
cial
lybui
lt
,
thecommuni t
ype opl
ecanbeinvol
vedto
cont
ributetotheirownlabourand
ma t
eri
al.Itshouldhaveaspaci
ous
wait
inga r
e awithtoi
le
tfaci
li
ty.

12.
CONTROLANDEVALUATI
ON:
PHC,wi t
hitssupporti
ngs e
rv i
ceshasto
bec ontrol
le
da nde val
uatedtoe nsure
thatisfunct
ioningina cc
ordanc ewiththe
nati
ona lpoli
cya ndstr
a t
egya ndme asure
aretakentoi mpr ov
ea sf
oundne ces
sary.
Apr ocessofevaluati
onha stobebui l
tto
accesstherelev
a nceprogres
s,effi
ci
ency,
eff
ectiv
e ne
ssofthes er
veci
e s
.

13.
HUMANRESOURCES:
Huma nr esour
cesisveryimpor t
ant
fac
torfortheaccessofPHCof tenthis
res
ourceisnotus e
de f
fecti
velyand
suf
fi
cie
ntly.Fore f
fec
ti
v eimpleme ntat
ion
ofpri
ma ryhe a
lthcareitisveryessent
ial
toma k
ef ullus
eofa l
la va
ila
bleresources
inc
ludi
nghuma npot enti
alforentir
e
communi ty.
ELEMENTSOFPHC
Asweal
lknowhe
alt
hisi
mpor
tantf
or
communi
ty
1.Educ
ati
on.
PHCwor
ker
seduc
atepe
opl
eaboutt
hei
r
healt
hpr oblems.Sothatt
heseprobl
ems
canbepr eventedandcontr
oll
ed.Healt
h
educat
ioni sal
sog i
vent
opr omoteheal
th
ofindi
vidua l
s.
2.Promot
ionoff
oods
uppl
yand
nutr
iti
on.
So,c
ommuni t
ypeopl
eshouldbe
educat
eda boutbal
ancediettopr
eve
nt
ma l
nutr
it
ion.Theyshoulda l
sobe
educat
eda bouti
mportanceofbal
ance
die
t.
3.Adequat
es uppl
yofs
avewa
tera
nd
basi
csani
tat
ion.
Soweshoul
deducat
ecommuni
tyabo
ut
i
mport
anceofs
afedri
nki
ngwat
era
nd
howt hi
swa t
erca
nbepr epar
e dathome
thati
sboil
ing.Socommuni t
ys houldbe
educate
dtotakeboi
le
dwa t
er.Also
communi t
yshoul
dbee ducat
e dforbasi
c
sanit
ati
on.
4.MCHa
ndFa
mil
ypl
anni
ng.
I
nPHCma t
ernalandc hi
ldareclos
ely
monitoredanda l
soc oupl
eshouldbe
educate
da boutfamilypla
nning,about
vari
ouscontrace
ptiveme t
hods,si
de
eff
ect
softhesecontracept
ive
s.
5.Immunisa
tionag
ains
tma
jor
inf
ect
iousdi
seas
e.
iti
sveryi
mportantt
omakepe
opl
eawar
e
ofthenat
iona
limmuniz
ati
ons
che
dul
e
andimpor tanceofimmunizat
ion.I
tis
esse
nti
a ltoachiev
e100%immuni zati
on
forpreventi
ona ndcont
rolofvari
ous
communi c a
bledisea
seandals
obr i
ng
downt hee xi
st
inghighi
nfantandc hi
ld
mor t
ali
tyr a
te.
6.Pr
eve
nti
onandcont
roloofl
oca
l
ende
micdi
sea
se.
Prevent
iveme asuresmus tbeta
kent o
contr
olthether ecc
ur e
nc eandspreadof
endemicdiseaseinthec ommunityby
vari
ousme thods.eg:-i
mmuni sat
ion,
surv
eill
anceandc he moprophyl
ax i
setc
.
7.Appropri
atet
reat
me ntofc
ommon
dis
eas
esa ndinj
uri
es.
Es
pecial
lyintheare
awhe rethere
i
nadequateheal
thfaci
li
ti
esavail
able
,
t
heremus tbeprov
isi
onoftreatmentfor
ai
l
me ntsandinj
uri
esetcsuchprovis
ionis
i
mpleme nte
dbyg i
vingtr
ainingof6
monthstocommuni t
yhealthvolunt
eers
.
8.Pr
ovi
si
onofe
sse
nti
aldr
ugs
.
Theme as
uresrequiredtobetakento
ensureagai
nstthema nufa
ctue
ra nds a
le
ofsubst
andarddr ugs.Thee ss
entia
l
drugsmustbes afe,cheapanda v
a i
lable
tothepeoplesotha ttheymustnotbe
depri
v e
dofthesedr ugs.