Drawing [SubsTech] Page 1 of 2

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Drawing
Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich

Drawing is a metal forming process involving pulling a workpiece (cold or hot) through a die providing
reduction of the cross section of the workpiece.

The drawing process employs a series of dies

with opening of similar shape and of size
which is slightly reduced in each consequent
die.

As the cross section decreases after passing

each die, the length of workpiece increases,
requiring corresponding increase of the
speed.

The draw force is dependent on the yield

strength of the metal, reduction of the cross
section area (amount of deformation),
contact area of the bar with the die and the
coefficient of friction.

Friction and deformation in the die cause heating the workpiece (wire, tube, rod) surface and may result in
sticking and breaking.

Contact friction, which is about a half of the total draw force, is controlled by lubricating the bar before it
enters the die.

When the total amount of deformation is too large and the wire undergoes hardening as a result of the
previous cold work operations, drawing is carried out in steps with annealing after each step.

Dies are made of alloy steel (die steel) hard alloys and diamond (drawing steel wires).

Drawing provides good surface quality and very low dimensions tolerances.

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Drawing [SubsTech] Page 2 of 2

Drawing is used for production of wires (diameter down to 2µm) , seamless tubing, rods and other products
from brass and steel.

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Related internal links

■ Rolling
■ Forging
■ Extrusion
■ Deep drawing
■ Steel strip processing
■ Shot peening
■ Laser peening
■ Plastic deformation
■ Imperfections of crystal structure

Related external links

https://www.tntech.edu/me/courses/Zhang/ME30103110/Chap11pt5.ppt
[https://www.tntech.edu/me/courses/Zhang/ME30103110/Chap11pt5.ppt]
http://mechatronic.me.hfu.edu.tw/Luo2/2Forming.pdf [http://mechatronic.me.hfu.edu.tw/Luo2/2Forming.pdf]
http://courses.washington.edu/courseli/me355/Lectures/Sp2006/lecture10-11-Bulk%20Deformation%
20Processes.ppt [http://courses.washington.edu/courseli/me355/Lectures/Sp2006/lecture10-11-Bulk%
20Deformation%20Processes.ppt]
http://iesu5.ust.hk/dfaculty/ajay/courses/ieem215/lecs/3_forming.pdf
[http://iesu5.ust.hk/dfaculty/ajay/courses/ieem215/lecs/3_forming.pdf]

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drawing.txt · Last modified: 2012/05/31 by dmitri_kopeliovich

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