YILDIZ TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY Name-Surname : Muhammed Yusuf Kaya

FACULTY of ELECTRICAL-ELECTRONICS Student Number :15012062

ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT Signature :
Group Number : 3

RENEWABLE ENERGY SYSTEMS Midterm Project

1. The below given Figure shows the one-line diagram of a simple three-bus power system with generation at
buses 1 and 2. The voltage at bus 1 is V1 =1.0∠0° per unit. Voltage magnitude at bus 2 is fixed at 1.05 pu
with a real power generation of 4mn MW. A load consisting of 500 MW and 400 MVar is taken from bus
3. Line admitances are marked in per unit on a 100 MVA base. For the purpose of hand calculations, line
resistances and line charging susceptances are neglected.
Using Gauss-Seidel method and initial estimates of V(0) = 1.05 + 0j pu and V(0) = 1.0 + 0j and keeping
2 3
|V2| = 1.05 pu, determine the phasor values of V2 and V3. Perform two iterations. (50p)

V 1= 1 + 0 j | V 2| = 1 .0 5
1 y12= -40j 2
4m n M W

y13= -20j y23= -20j

500M W 400 M Var

2. Solve the same problem using the code you write as an m-file in MATLAB. (30p)
3. Solve the same problem using PowerWorld software. (20p)

Hints:
 mn is the last two digits of your student number. For example if the last two digits of your student number
is 97, then m is equal to 9 and n is uqual to 7. Therefore, the real power generation at Bus 2 becomes 497
MW.
 Each project depends on a single person, and if the last two digits of the student numbers of two separate
students are the same, then their projects will be analyzed in further details in order to be sure about any
copy issue!
 Solving Problem 1 correctly is mandatory! For the students who cannot solve Problem 1 correctly, the
solutions of Problem 2 and 3 will be neglected in order to be fully sure about the copy of the code in Problem
2 and the simulation diagram in Problem 3!
 You should provide a report for the project. You can use this file as a cover page (fulfilled with a pen that
cannot be erased!) or you can also provide a separate cover page including the course name, student name,
group of the course and student number and a signature.
o For Problem 1, it is mandatory to use the Equations format in Microsoft Word software. No
handwriting will be accepted! You can also use LATEX in this manner. You should draw a
seperate table summarizing the results of each iteration at the end of Problem 1!
o For Problem 2, it is mandatory to give all the code in the report.
o For Problem 3, it is mandatory to give the screenshot of the simulation diagram within the report.
o Each student will send a .rar or .zip folder including the Word (or LATEX) version of the report,
the MATLAB m-file and the simulation file in the PowerWorld software. Any missing attachment
will result in loss of project points. This whole .zip or .rar folder should be named as “StudentName-
StudentSurname-StudentNumber-Gr-GroupNumber”.
 The projects should be delivered to Research Assistant Tayfur GÖKÇEK via gokcek.tayfur@gmail.com
till May 1, 2019 10pm. The projects delivered later with any reason will be neglected and will therefore be
given zero points.

Good luck.
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Ozan ERDINÇ&Asst. Prof. Dr. Ali Rıfat BOYNUEǦRI
POWER FLOW ANALYSIS
MUHAMMED YUSUF KAYA
15012062

MIDTERM PROJECT| RENEWABLE ENERGY SYSTEMS | 08.05.2020

PAGE 1
Table of Contents
Introduction 2
THE PROBLEM 2
THE SOLUTION 3
The solution of problem with hand 2
The solution of problem with MATLAB 6
The solution of problem with POWERWORLD 7

PAGE 2
Introduction
This project will present power system analysing of energy system. My report consists
of 3 main titles.

− The solution of problem with hand

− The solution of problem with MATLAB

− The analysing of problem with POWERWORLD

THE PROBLEM
The below given Figure shows the one-line diagram of a simple three-bus
power system with generation at buses 1 and 2. The voltage at bus 1 is V1 =1.0∠0° per
unit. Voltage magnitude at bus 2 is fixed at 1.05 pu with a real power generation of 4mn
MW. A load consisting of 500 MW and 400 MVar is taken from bus 3. Line admitances
are marked in per unit on a 100 MVA base. For the purpose of hand calculations, line
resistances and line charging susceptances are neglected. Using Gauss-Seidel method
and initial estimates of V2 (0) = 1.05 + 0j pu and V3 (0) = 1.0 + 0j and keeping |V2| =
1.05 pu, determine the phasor values of V2 and V3. Perform two iterations. (mn = 62)

PAGE 3
THE SOLUTION OF PROBLEM WITH HAND
The First step;

We need to Buses applying KCL so;

BUS1 KCL

−I 1+ I 12+ I 13=0

BUS2 KCL

−I 2−I 12+ I 23 =0

BUS3 KCL

−I 13−I 23 + I 3=0

The solution need to BUS3 because we don’t know BUS3 voltage.

−I 13−I 23 + I 3=0

I 3=I 13+ I 23

I 3=( V 1−V 3 ) × Y 13+ ( V 2−V 3 ) ×Y 23

s3
I 3¿=
v3

S3¿
I 3=
V 3¿

PAGE 4
 S 3¿
V 1 × Y 13+ V 2 ×Y 23− ¿
V3
V 3=
Y 13+ Y 23

Iteration Equations

k +1 S 3¿
V3 =V 1 × Y 13+V 2 ×Y 23− ¿¿ ¿
V3 ¿

1 S3¿
V 3 =V 1 ×Y 13 +V 2 × Y 23− ¿ for (k = 0)
V 3¿ ¿ ¿

5− j4
10 ° × (− j 20 ) +1.050 ° × (− j20 )−
1
V 3 1=
(− j 20− j20 )

V 31=0.925− j 0.125

BUS2 Voltage

I 2=I 23−I 12

S2 ¿
V 3 × Y 23+ V 1 ×Y 12+ ¿
V2
V 2=
Y 12+Y 23

We need to imaginel part of S2 so we will use Q equations

Q 2k+1 =−ℑ¿

Q21=−ℑ ¿ (for k = 0)

Q 21=−ℑ 1,050 ° × [ ( (− j 60 ) ×1,050 ° ) −( ( 0.925− j 0.125 ) ×− j 20 )−( − j 40 ×10 ° ) ]

{ }
Q21=4,7250 pu

If we back to V2 equations

1 S 2¿
V 3 ×Y 23+V 1 ×Y 12+ ¿
V2
V c 2=
Y 12+Y 23
PAGE 5
S2=P2 +Q 21

4.62− j 4.72
( 0.925− j0.125 ) ×− j20+ (− j 40 ×10 ° ) +
1.050 °

V c 2 1=
− j 60

V c 21=1,05+ j 0,0317

e=real (V ¿¿ c 2¿¿ 1)¿ ¿

f ¿ imag (V ¿¿ c 2¿¿ 1)¿ ¿

e 1=√ e 2−f 2=√ 1,052−0.03172 =1,0495

real (V ¿¿ c 2¿¿ 1)=e1 ¿¿

V c 21=1,0 495+ j0,0317

Since e! = 1.05, we also do the second iteration.

2 1 S 3¿
V 3 =V 1 ×Y 13 +V c2 ×Y 23− ¿¿ ¿
V3 ¿

5− j 4
10 ° × (− j 20 ) + ( 1,0495+ j0,0317 ) × (− j 20 )−
0.925− j0.125
V 3 2=
(− j 20− j20 )

V 32=0.9004− j0.1025

Q 22=−ℑ ¿

Q22=−ℑ ( 1,0495− j 0,0317 ) × [ (− j60 ) × (1,0495+ j 0,0317 )−( ( 0.9004− j0.1025 ) ×− j 40 )−( 10 ° × (− j 40 ) ) ]
{
Q 22=5.3014 pu

S 2¿
2 2 V 21∗¿
Vc2 =V 3 × Y 23+V 1 ×Y 12 + ¿
Y 12+Y 23

4.62− j 5.3014
( 0.9004− j 0.1025 ) ×− j20+ (− j 40 ×10 ° )+
1,0495− j 0,0317
V c 2 2=
− j60

PAGE 6
V c 22=1,0471+ j 0.0417

e=real (V ¿¿ c 2¿¿ 2) ¿ ¿

f ¿ imag (V ¿¿ c 2¿¿ 2)¿ ¿

e 2=√ e 2−f 2=√ 1,04872−0.0417 2=1,0471

real (V ¿¿ c 2¿¿ 2)=e2 ¿ ¿

V c 22=1,0471+ j 0.0417

And we find the answer in two iteration.

ITERATION 1 ITERATION 2
V2 1,0 495+ j 0,0317 0.925− j 0.125
V3 0,9004− j0,1025 1,0471+ j 0,0417
Q 4,7250 pu 5,3014 pu

THE SOLUTION OF PROBLEM WITH MATLAB

I prefer creating functions in solving the problems with MATLAB, so I created
two functions their called getV3indis and getV2nindis. Because these functions can
also be used in other problems.

getV2nindis.m function

function [V2] = getV2indis (V1, V2, V3, Y_12, Y_23, P2, Q2,j)
S2 = P2 + 1i*Q2(j);
V2 = (V3(j+1) * Y_23 + V1 * Y_12 + conj(S2) / conj(V2(j))) / (Y_12
+Y_23);
end
It need some parameters and it calculated V2(indis) than return that value.

getV3nindis.m function

function [V3] = getV3indis (V1, V2, V3, Y_13, Y_23, S3, j)

V3 = (V1 * Y_13 + V2(j) * Y_23 - conj(S3) / conj(V3(j))) / (Y_13
+Y_23);
end
It need some parameters and it calculated V3(indis) than return that value.

PAGE 7
The MATLAB_SOLUTION

It want some parameters from user

Give me last two digit your number:

It need last two digit your number because that is part of solution

Give me your iteration value:

It need given iteration value in problem because that is part of solution

How much iteration we do?

It need iteration count because that determines answer

clc;
clear all;
mn = input('give me last two digit your number: ');
e(1) = input('give me your iteration value: ');
Iteration_Number = input('How much iteration we do? ');
%Bus3 KCL
V1 = 1;
Y_12 = -40i;
Y_13 = -20i;
Y_23 = -20i;
S3 = 5 + 4i;
P2 = 4.00 + mn/100; %pu
j = 1;
V3(j) = 1;
V2(j) = 1.05;
V3(j+1) = getV3indis(V1, V2, V3, Y_13, Y_23, S3,j);
%Bus2 KCL
Q2(j) = -imag(conj(V2(j)) * ((Y_12 + Y_13) * V2(j) - V3(2) * Y_23 -
V1*Y_12));
V2(j+1) = getV2indis(V1, V2, V3, Y_12, Y_23, P2, Q2,j);
e(2) = sqrt(real(V2(j+1)^2 - imag(V2(j+1))^2));
V2(j+1) = e(2) + 1i*imag(V2(j+1));
while (e(j+1) ~= e(1))
if j == Iteration_Number
break;
end
j = j+1;
V3(j+1) = getV3indis(V1, V2, V3, Y_13, Y_23, S3,j);
Q2(j) = -imag(conj(V2(j)) * ((Y_12 + Y_13) * V2(j) - V3(j+1) *
Y_23 - V1*Y_12));
V2(j+1) = getV2indis(V1, V2, V3, Y_12, Y_23, P2, Q2,j);
e(j+1) = sqrt(real(V2(j+1)^2 - imag(V2(j+1))^2));
V2(j+1) = e(j+1) + 1i*imag(V2(j+1));
fprintf('The %d. values of iteration: \n V2(%d) = %5.4f +
%5.4fi\n V3(%d) = %5.4f + %5.4fi\n\n', j - 1, j - 1,real(V2(j)),
imag(V2(j)), j-1, real(V3(j)), imag(V3(j)));
fprintf('The %d. values of iteration: \n V2(%d) = %5.4f +
%5.4fi\n V3(%d) = %5.4f + %5.4fi\n\n', j, j,real(V2(j + 1)),
imag(V2(j + 1)), j, real(V3(j + 1)), imag(V3(j + 1)));
PAGE 8
end

THE SOLUTION OF PROBLEM WITH POWERWORLD PROGRAM

The screenshot of analysing moment . That is proving the solution correct

PAGE 9