Alyanna Angelina M.

Cabral PS 198
2012-65902 Prof. Clarinda Berja
REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE

 Organization of the review

o Common themes/concepts
1) Disability and social exclusion
a. 7 - Attitudes toward disabled persons as a function of social context
and specific disability
2) Disability studies – pwds’ perceptions, how are they formed
3) Disability and electoral participation
a. Voter turnout
b. compared the registration and voting rates among individuals with
disabilities and those of nondisabled people
c. what are the factors
d. effects and challenges of mobile polling; how election officials and
pwd voters receive mobile polling – 5
e. PWD more vs less likely to vote – 1, 2, 3 vs 4
4) Disability and policy
a. 6 – recognized the sustained neglect of the needs of persons with
mental disabilities as reflected in paucity of institutional services
(needs appropriate policy to effectively deliver institutional services)
b. PWDs’ attitude towards institutional services - becker
c. Contrasting
i. Approach regarding developing disability policy – 8 vs 9
 Analysis and synthesis
o Most of the studies found have a biomedical approach in studying disability. But
there were also studies found with a sociological approach, and most of them
were about PWDs and discrimination, the different factors which influence the
perception of PWDs, and how these perceptions are formed.
o Only few studies can be found about disability policy, and about how PWDs’
political participation are affected by discrimination and PWDs’ perceptions
o How lit can be applied to your research
 Summarize, strengths, weaknesses, and gaps in the literature
o Gaps - Needs study on:
1) Studies were focused on voter turnout. They were also able to examine some
factors affecting their participation such as social exclusion, inaccessibility,
and major life transitions, but they failed to consider socio-economic status
and political efficacy.
 2) study about disability policy – only talks about it in general; fail to take into
account policy regarding PWD electoral participation
 Proposed study
o The research will make an original contribution to the field of Political Science in
a way that it will incorporate disability studies with policy review. This study will
evaluate existing policy on PWD electoral participation based on PWDs’
experiences and perceptions.
o it will inquire how a government’s policy relates with PWDs’ experiences and
perceptions regarding elections. It will investigate specifically on what are the
needs of PWDs in order for them to participate in elections.
 Definition of variables and their relationships
o Policy on PWD electoral participation
 PWD
 Participation
o Factors affecting electoral participation
 Experiences in voting (discrimination, inaccessibility)
 Socio-economic status
o Barriers to electoral participation (will be considered a barrier depending on the
factors affecting electoral participation)
 Summary of proposed study
o The proposed study will be a policy review of COMELEC resolution 9485. First,
this study will evaluate the effectiveness of COMELEC Resolution 9485’s
implementation during the 2013 elections. Second, it will determine the barriers
faced by PWDs towards electoral participation in the 2013 elections. Third, it will
describe how barriers faced by PWDs during 2013 elections influence PWDs’
electoral participation. Lastly, it will determine other barriers that influence
PWDs’ electoral participation. The aim of this study is to shape the government’s
policy on PWD electoral participation. This in order to achieve full electoral
participation of PWDs which will translate into their authentic representation.