Faculty of Maritime Engineering and Marine Sciences

Ship Structures II

Assignment #2.- Chapter 1: Intr. Fatigue and Failure modes Oct 30th, 2019

Individual part:

1.- Look in the web for the following information:

i. Explain, in your own words, the concept of Fatigue (handwritten).

ii. Present three examples of fatigue failures in ships, showing beach marks and
identifying the point where the process began. Specify the element shown and the type
of load which caused the fracture (handwritten).

iii. S-N curve for A36 steel (Yield stress 36000 psi) identifying fatigue limit, and
calculate parameters: m y K0; use International System of units. Compare them with
values for 3 structural details analyzed by Munse, and,

iv. S-N curve for Aluminum alloy used in boat construction. Identify the Fatigue limit,
and calculate m and K0. Compare with information of A36 steel.

2.- From a ship classification society rules, look for the S-N curve for a connection between a
longitudinal girder and the vertical stiffener of a transverse bulkhead (present the geometry of the
structural detail), and calculate Ni values for example 1.3 (p.19 in class notes). Then apply
Palmgren-Miner rule to determine the percentage of life of the material that has been consumed
in the specified conditions. Comment on results.
F
3.- Select two I-beams as a simplified bridge, to
support a truck weighting 40 tons. The ends may
H

be considered as simply supported, separated

L
10m and the load as a concentrated force at the
center of the span. Analyze the possibility of
H

failure applying Maximum distortion energy

theory, considering normal stress from pure
bending and shear stress (see Ship Structures
class notes) from:
VQ
 xs  ,
Ib

where V and I are shear force at section and sectional inertia, Q and t are first moment of the area
and thickness at the point of analysis in the section. Maximum equivalent stress is 160 N/mm2.

4.- Review DNV rules for Ships with Length less than 100 m to evaluate critical stress for plates.
Plot critical stress for a steel plate vs aspect ratio, a/b. Include in the plot, the critical stress
obtained with formulations from Ship Structures I for a simply supported plate, and, a horizontal
line at the Yield stress. Comment on results: tendencies of curves, relationship between results,
and, influence of yield value (handwritten).

Please report number of hours employed to develop this work.

Experimental work: Elastic-plastic beam bending

Objective: To describe the elastic-plastic behavior of a beam subject to bending under loading-
unloading processes.

Available equipment in the SiMar lab: to apply forces there is a hydraulic cylinder, to measure
forces there is an S-load cell with amplification, and to register strain there are gages that can be
connected to the Instrunet register. The beam is a C-channel aluminum alloy 6063 supported with
rollers at its ends to simulate simple supports.

Safety: in this experiment the risk is “the possibility of tools falling from the experimental set”,
which may produce “minor injuries”. So to reduce this risk, you are required to perform the
test with closed shoes, work wear, and, eye protection glasses. Also since there are some
devices in motion, hair must be tightened and do not use any hanging jewelry.

Report: It must include a Theoretical introduction (include here the objective), design of the
experiment (how are you planning to reach objective, parameters, variables, and expected values),
description of equipment and data collected, analysis of results, conclusions (aligned with
objective and consistent with results), and, recommendations (what new questions have
appeared?). For the analysis of results, calculate normal stresses and integrate them in the section
to recuperate axial force and the bending moment in the middle section.

For the Design project you need to do a presentation in class about:

A description of the ship your team will structurally design, that is, table with main dimensions
(including ship characteristics, i.e. main dimensions, form coefficients, number of
passenger/cargo capacity/hold capacity/bollard pull/deadweight…, velocity, planned route, etc.),
and, plans of ship lines and general distribution. There must be included a second table with
compartment/tank capacities. Both plans must be presented in AutoCAD or Rhino format.

Team leader must report how each member contributed in the experimental part (lab
work, result analysis and preparation of report), and, design project definition

Group 1 Group 2 Group 3

Regalado Gaona Roa
Manrique Shett Alcívar

To be completed by Thursday October 7th before the first Quiz

jrml/2019