SOLIDS

Source: Solid Mensuration: Understanding the 3-D Space Diagram featured by http://slidemodel.com 1
 A solid is a three-dimensional
figure bounded by surfaces or plane figures.

Some Types of Solids

The following are the most familiar types and useful solids:
1. Right Circular Cylinder – It is a solid of circular right section in which centers
of the two circular bases both lie on a single line
2. Pyramid - It is a solid whose base is a polygon and whose lateral faces are
triangles which meet at a common vertex.
3. Cone – It resembles a pyramid but with a circular base
4. Sphere – It is a solid in which all points on its surface are equidistant from its
center

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cylinder pyramid

cone sphere

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The volume of a solid is the
amount of space it occupies.
The unit o measure for volume o
solids is in cubic length such as
𝑐𝑚3 , 𝑚3 , 𝑖𝑛3 , 𝑓𝑡 3 , . . . 𝑒𝑡𝑐
The Volume Addition Theorem
A solid region may be divided
into non-overlapping
regions so that the sum of the
volumes of these smaller regions
is equal to the volume of the solid.
 Surface Area is the
area of the surface of
a three-dimensional
figure or solid.
 Lateral Area o a solid
is the area of the
lateral side surfaces
of a solid.
 Total Surface Area is
the sum of the areas of
smaller all the surfaces that
bound the solid.
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 Inscribed Solids

An inscribed solid is a solid of maximum volume that is placed inside another

solid of fixed volume, with their edges or surfaces touching each other.

A cylinder inscribed in a sphere A rectangular solid inscribed in a sphere A sphere inscribed in a cube

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The following provides the relationship between the different parts of the given solid/s:

1. A cylinder inscribed in a sphere

2𝑟
The diameter
of the sphere
is equal to the 𝐷= 2𝑟 2 + ℎ2
ℎ
diagonal of
the rectangle 𝐷

formed by the
height and 2𝑟 –diameter of the cylinder
diameter of h – height of the cylinder
the cylinder 𝐷 – diameter of the sphere

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2. A sphere inside a cube
𝑠

The diameter 𝐷 of the sphere is equal

to one edge 𝑠 of the cube.

𝐷=𝑠

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3. A sphere inside a cylinder
2𝑟

The diameter
of the sphere
 2𝑟 − 𝑑𝑖𝑎𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑐𝑦𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑑𝑒𝑟
is equal to
ℎ  ℎ − ℎ𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑐𝑦𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑑𝑒𝑟
the diameter 𝐷
 𝐷 − 𝑑𝑖𝑎𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑠𝑝ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒
of the
cylinder.

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4. A rectangular solid inscribed in a sphere

The diagonal of the

𝐷 ℎ
sphere is equal to
the length diagonal
𝑤
of the rectangular
𝑙
solid.
 𝑙 − 𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑑

 𝑤 − 𝑤𝑖𝑑𝑡ℎ
𝐷= 𝑙 2 + 𝑤 2 + ℎ2
 ℎ − ℎ𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡

 𝐷 − 𝑑𝑖𝑎𝑔𝑜𝑛𝑎𝑙 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑑

𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑑𝑖𝑎𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑠𝑝ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒

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 Problem Set
In each of the following, show complete solutions including the figure/s described in
the given problem. Deadline: On or before June 15, 2020.

Submit through: email:acalpenelyn@yahoo.com, messenger(pm only): acalpenelyn,

google classroom

1. In a right circular cylinder, the radius is 3 𝑓𝑡., and the height is

8 𝑓𝑡. Find the radius of the sphere circumscribing the cylinder.

2. A rectangular solid 12 𝑓𝑡. long and 8 𝑓𝑡. wide is inscribed in a

sphere of radius 2 17. Find the height of the rectangular solid.

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