BN-DS-C48 Typical exchanger piping and data reboilers

This design standard gives typical examples for exchanger piping and horizontal and vertical
reboiler data.

 
  

Example of cooler piping arrangement and clearances

Typical Possible alterations to typical

use arrangments without affecting thermal
(see design (see note 1)
Type terminolog
Typical Constructio Direction of Nozzle
of y Interchang Flow Change Relocation
  Exchanger n
Tube
Arrangement Designation and typical e
Bundle functions Flow Shel Tub Both
info further Media Note Note
l e Side
below) Note 4 2 3
Side Side s

1 Floating Single Pass Exchanger * - - V V V

Head Shell Cooler
Single Pass Heater
Tubes
 Single Pass
Shell
2 Even Pass * V V V - V
Tubes

Two Pass
Shell
3 * - - V - -
Even Pass
Tubes
Divided
Flow Shell
4 - - V - - -
Even Pass
Tubes Condensor
Evaporator
Double Reboiler
Split Shell
5 - - V - - -
Even Pass
Tubes
Single Pass
Shell Exchanger
6 Even Pass Cooler * V V V - V
Tubes Heater
(in clean
Two Pass tubes
7 U-Tubes Shell side
* - - V - -
Even Pass service)
Tubes
Reboiler-
Kettle Type steam
8 - - - - - -
Reboiler Generator-
Vaporizer
Single Pass
Shell
9 Single or Exchanger * - - V V V
Odd Pass Cooler
Tubes Heater (in
Fixed Single Pass low
1 Tubeshee Shell temperatur
* V V V - V
0 t Even Pass e
Tubes clean
service
Double shell side)
1 Pass Shell
* - - V - -
1 Even Pass
Tubes
Tabulation of typical exchangers and possible alterations for better piping

Notes typical exchangers:

 1. Alternaterations must be reviewed with exchanger engineer and/or process engineer
2. Possible rotation of tube side nozzles 180 degree
3. Possible rotation of shell side nozzles 180 degree
4. May be considered only as a last resort since re-rating of exchanger would be
required(*).

General Notes Mobile Servicing Equipment:

1. Mobile servicing equipment (similar to that is shown) is generally used toe service
exchangers
2. Conditions that would preclude the use of this type of equipment are as follows
o Equipment location that, due to plot limitations and/or process requirements, do
not permit acces of mobile equipment
o Equipment weights in excess of normal mobile maintenance equipment
capacities
o Equipment elevated, too high for practical use of normal mobile maintenance
equipment
3. Additional servicing facilities (not shown) include:
o Gantry cranes
o Permanent structures with trolley beams and hoists
o Monorail system in building or structure
o Overhead frame on exchanger for troley hoist
4. The design of exchanger associated piping includes proper consideration of
maintenance requirements such as:
o Routing and supportin piping so that no temporary supports are required when
removing channel and/or tube bundle or that, if necessary, temporary supports can be
easiliy built
o Providing easily removable spool-pieces when required or routing piping to
provide adequeate clearance for bundle removal or servicinb equipment. This
necessitates a clear understanding of client clearance requirements and a knowledge
of intended servicing equipment at the start of a project

 
 
 
 

Terminolgy and typical functions of shell and tube heat exchangers

Exchanger heats one stream, cools the other

A physical change does not take place in the flowing media:

 Cooler - cools liquid or gasses without condensation (other designations: intercooler,

aftercooler, condensor)
 Subcooler - condeses vapor and further cools the condensed
 Condensor - condenses vapor or vapor mixture
 Chiller - uses refrigerants for cooling process stream below prevailing water temperature
 Heater - heats process stream (other designation : preheater)
 Reboiler - reboil the bottom stream of the fractionation process
 Waste heat exchanger - uses waste heat (for example: process effluent gas or engine
exhaust gas for steam generation)
 Steam generator - uses heat of process liquid or gas for producing steam
 Vaporizor - vaporizes part of a liquid stream (other designation: evaporator)

 
 

Stacked exchanger notes:

1. Limited to 4 shells high in similar service and not to exceed a maximum elevation of
5500mm
2. Nozzle and saddle protection shall be such as to allow space for shims between saddles
 3. Stacked exchangers in series flow and close coupled shall be arranged per vendor's
design
1. Alternate nozzle locations
4. Slotted or oversize holes in one saddle
5. Anchor location to be determined by piping configuration
6. Angular, tangential or elbow nozzles may be used in series, parallel or dissimilar
services

 
 

 
Reboiler notes:

1. Horizontal reboilers shall be as close to the tower as practical with a minimum amount of
pipe and elbows. The piping shall be stress analyzed as soon as the layout is firm. Support
and anchor points shall be established at this time.
2. The following information is required by the piping designer in order to layout thermal
siphon reboilers:
o The elevation of the tower tangent line above grade
o The elevation of the first tray and the reboiler return line
o The length of the reboiler tubes and the type of outlet on the reboiler on the
exchangers
o The dimension from the tangent line to the tubesheet on vertical exchangers and
bottom of horizontal exchangers
o Most of this information is shown on the flow diagrams, vessel and reboiler
specifications. The design shall review the layout with the process engineer to ensure
that complete agreement is reached
3. Avoid locating the reboiler return line under the downcomer. The top of the return line
shall be a minimum of 12 inches below the bottom tray or 6 inches below the seal pan if the
return line must be located under the downcomer.
4. Allow sufficient room for removing tube bundles on vertical reboilers. Allow sufficient
room to remove shell cover to grade.