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OC Design PDF
OC Design PDF
Q2 Q2 42 42
F1 = F2 → y1 A1 + = y 2 A2 + y1 (2 y1 ) +
g 2 y1
= 1 * ( 2 * 1) +
g ( 2 * 1)
gA1 gA2
2 0 . 815 y1 = 0.311 m
2 y1 + = 2 . 815
y1
2 Q 2T
At critical flow Froude number is equal to unity Fr = 3
=1
gA
Q = 28 m3/s B= 3 n=0.022 slope 1V:2H
( 28 ) 2 ( 3y + 2y 2 ) 3
A = 3y + 2y2 ; T = 3+4y ; P = 3+2 y(5)1/2 =
9 . 81 (3 + 4 y )
R = A/P = (3y + 2y2) / (3+2 y(5)1/2 )
solving by trial and error yc= 1.495m
A 2 / 3 1/ 2
From Manning’s Q= R S
n
Solving for Sc = 0.0052
Example on Critical Flow : 2
A channel of rectangular section 3.5m wide,
with n= 0.014 and S0= 0.001 leads from a
lake whose surface level is 6m above the
channel bed at the lake outlet. Find the
discharge in the channel.
1/3
2
2
yc = = 0 . 74 m
g
Flow in Open Channels
5/3
A 2 / 3 1/ 2 Qn 2/3 A
Q = R So = AR = 2/3 = Ko
n So P
If A is minimum === V maximum from continuity
R maximum from Manning’s
P minimum (R=A/P)
Hydraulic Efficiency of Cross-sections
Conveyance of the channel section
5/3
Qn 2/3 A
= AR = 2/3 = Ko
So P
5/3
Qn 2/3 A
= AR = 2/3 = Ko
So P
Cost of lining
Construction techniques
Area A = b* y
y
Perimeter P = b + 2y
b
A 2 / 3 1/ 2 A A 2 / 3 1/ 2 by by
Q = R So
n
Q = ( ) So
n P
Q=
n b + 2y
( ) 2/3
So
1/ 2
2
2y * y 2y * y 2y y
best section
b=2y
Q=
n 2y + 2y
( ) 2/3
So
1/ 2
Q= ( ) 2/3
So
1/ 2
n 2
1/ 3
2
Q=
n
( y) 8/3
So
1/ 2
( y) 8/3
= 1.36 y = 1.123 m and b = 2.246m
Best Hydraulic Sections
Fig. 1
DESIGN OF NONERODIBLE CHANNELS
3. Solve for y.
Experience Curves showing bottom width and water depth of lined channels
Best Hydraulic Section:
= 7.1875
[b + 2 y 1 + z ] 2 2/3
Assume b = 6m and z= 2,
Solve for y = 1.04 m
(by trial an error)
Q = 11.5 m3/s S0 = 0.0016 n=0.025
b = 6m and z= 2, y = 1.04 m
For given Q from DSİ’s curve
Check stability : V
2 Q 2T Fr =
At critical flow yc = 0.692m Fr =
gA 3
=1 gD
y 1
z
[(b + zy ) y ] 5 / 3 = 7.1875
[b + 2 y 1 + z ] 2 2/3
Take b = 2.5m,
Solve for y = 1.56m
(by trial an error)
Q = 11.5 m3/s S0 = 0.0016 n=0.025
b = 2.5m and z= 1.5, y = 1.56m
Check stability :
At critical flow yc = 0.692m
For yn Fr = 0.47 subcritical and within limits
Velocity V = Q/A = 1.52 m /s
OK for sedimentation.
Open Channel Design Example 1c
A trapezoidal channel carrying 11.5 m3/s clear water is
built with concrete (nonerodible) channel having a slope
of 0.0016 and n= 0.025. Proportion the section
dimensions. Use best hydraulic section approach!
SOLUTION : Q = 11.5 m3/s S0 = 0.0016 n=0.025
Best Hydraulic Section
for Trapezoidal Channel
y 1
z
b 1 2
z = b = 3y
3 3
n*Q 4
Z= = AR 2/3 = 7.1875 T = 3 y
So 3
2 y
A = 3y R =
2
Solve for y = 2.03 m
(by trial an error)
Q = 11.5 m3/s S0 = 0.0016 n=0.025
b = 2.34m y = 2.03m
Check stability :
At critical flow yc = 0.692m
For yn Fr = 0.38 subcritical and within limits
Velocity V = Q/A = 1.49 m /s
OK for sedimentation.