Chapter I:

INTRODUCTION

Background of the Study

The pulp and paper industry has an enormous influence on global forests. This sector,
which includes products such as office and catalog paper, glossy paper, tissue and paper-
based packaging, uses over 40 percent of all industrial wood traded globally.

Pulp is the fibrous cellulosic material used in the production of paper. Wood is the
principal raw material for the production of pulp; but bamboo, cotton, linen, rags, straw,
bagasse, etc. are also used.

Paper is a material manufactured in thin sheets from the pulp of wood or other fibrous
substances, it is used for writing, drawing, or printing on, or as wrapping material.

Pulp and paper operations can bring many benefits to forests, local economies and
people, particularly in rural areas, many pulp and paper companies are demonstrating
leadership in responsible forestry and plantation management as well as in manufacturing
process and recycled content.

Statement of the Problem

This study aimed to look further if the Ipil-Ipil (Leucaena leococephala) tree will be
effective in utilizing plant for the pulp and paper production.

Hypotheses

I think that if the Ipil- ipil tree will be used in utilizing pulp and paper, then companies will
no longer suffer difficulties in finding trees.

Significance of the study

The importance of this study is to utilized pulp and paper using ipil- ipil tree. In this case, Ipil=ipil
tree will be the answer for those company who are producing paper.

Also, ipil-ipil tree can be seen anywhere. It is acceptable to the consumers, and it is also
cheap that people can afford it.

Scope and Limitations

This study is limited only in utilizing pulp and paper using Ipil-ipil tree in people who can
afford it.
Conceptual Framework

The barks of malunggay

stems are removed. The
bark was stripped off from
the inner wood. The dried
barks were boiled in
caustic soda and water for
2-3 hours. Then the barks
were washed to remove
Handmade
chemicals. The pulp
paper out of
produced in the process
malunggay
was bleached using
wood bark
chlorine. To dry the pulp
place it on an even wall,
strip of the paper from the
wall then finally it
produced the paper.

Definition of terms
 Chapter 2

Review of Related Literature

A. Related Literature

B. Related Studies

Malunggay has many fibers that can be used as handmade paper. Malunggay known
scientifically by its botanical name Moringa Oleifera ( also called kamunggay by Visayans and
marunggay by Ilocanos), is a veritable miracle tree in the Philippines and in all tropics.

It has many fibers that is applicable in the production of paper.

Many findings from my research that is relevant to my problem, not only Malunggay can be
used as a material in paper making. Aside from it, paper tree, bangkal, and Bermuda grass can
be used also in paper making.

Synthesis

The paper out of malunggay wood bark can help the consumers to have an alternative paper
however, I also consider the preference of the consumers of it.

Chapter III

METHODOLOGY

Research design

The study make use of experimental design wherein their are controlled variables,
manipulated variable and responding variable.
Materials and Equipment

The following materials will be used in the conduct of the study: dried malunggay bark,
chlorine, caustic soda, venus dy. The equipment that will be used are Mold and deckle, Silk
screen, Cloth or net bag, Weighing scale, Mortar and scale.

Procedures

The barks of Malunggay stems are removed. The outer skin was scraped off and bark was
stripped off from the inner wood. Then the barks were sun-dried. The materials were first
prepared before the experiment. The dried barks were boiled in caustic soda and water for
2-3 hours. Then the barks were washed to remove chemicals. They were then pounded to
produce wood pulp. The pulp produced in the process was bleached using chlorine. After
bleaching, it was washed tore move chemicals. The wood pulp was soaked in water for 5-15
minutes to make it whiter. Then the wood pulp was boiled in dye and water for about 15
minutes. The dyed wood pulp can now be molded. Using the mold and deckle, the wood
pulp mixed with water was molded. To dry the pulp, place it on an even wall or screen to let
it dry. When the pulp has already dried, strip off the paper from the wall. Then the paper is
produced and ready to use.

How to test

After producing the paper out of the Malunggay bark, I will ask somebody to rate the tear
strength, texture and acceptance of the paper.
 Rating Description

1 extremely rough

2 very rough

3 rough

4 moderately rough

5 soft

Tear strength Texture Acceptance

Rating: Rating: Rating:

Bibliography

(n. a.).(n. d).Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine . Moringa oleifera: A sustainable
alternative for socially neglected population. 10(7),
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apjtm.2017.07.003

 J. P. Casey, Pulp and Paper (3d ed., 4 vol., 1983); J. R. Lavigne, Pulp and Paper
Dictionary (1986); N. A. Basbanes, On Paper (2013).