EDZAM SYAKIR BIN ERWAN (2018268588)

EXPERIMENT 7: CHEMICAL EQUILIBRIUM

RESULTS:

Table A

Test tube Observation

Test tube 1
Fe(NO4)3 solution Dark red

Test tube 2
KCl solution Light red

Test tube 3
KCNS solution Dark red

Test tube 4
NH4CNS solution Dark red

Test tube 5
NH4Cl solution Light red

Table B

Test tube Observation

Test tube 1
Boiling water No change

Test tube 2
Ice Bath No change

Test tube 3
0.5g NaCl salt Light purple turned dark blue

Test tube 4
2 or 3 pieces of CaSo4 dehydrated No change
DISCUSSION

1. Explain your observations in procedure A.

 In procedure A, the test tube colour is changed. For example, in test tube 1, 3
and 4 the colour of the solution turns into a darker colour while in test tube 2
and 5 the colour of the solution turns into lighter colour. So, in the Le Chatelier
said,

Fe3+ + NH4CNS = Fe(CNS)2+ + NH4+

Light yellow colourless Dark red colourless
  If the solution added with other additional reactant, it will shift the
equilibrium to the left which is turns darker because of the increase
concentration of Fe3+. When the solution added with other additional solution
that can reduce the concentration of Fe 3+, the colour of the solution will
becomes lighter and the position will shift to the right.

 Because of test tube 1 has the Fe3+ it has increase the concentration and test 3
and 4 has the CNS ion it also has increase the concentration of the Fe 3+ too. So,
the colour turns darker. While the test tube 2 and 5 has the ion that decrese the
concentration of Fe3+ which is Cl-. So, the colour turns into lighter.

2. Explain your observations in procedure B.

 In the test tube 1 and 2, the test tube has been put into different places that has
different temperature too. In the Le Chatelier’s principle said forward reaction
for the change of temperature is endothermic while reverse reaction is
exothermic.

 So, the colour of test tube 1 should be lighter and the test tube 2 should be
conversely. However, we might have done mistake that cause the error of the
results.

 In the test tube 3 has the Cl - ion which is increase the concentration of solution
that turns the solution darker. Finally, test tube 4 has added with catalyst and it
will remain the and no changes occur.

DISCUSSION

 In conclusion, the factor that has affects the position of the equilibrium is
changes in temperature, change in concentration and the presence of catalyst
that has been prove by undergo this experiment.
REFERENCES

 https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-chemistry/chapter/factors-that-
affect-chemical-equilibrium/

 https://www.ausetute.com.au/lechatsp.html

 Book: STPM Chemistry Text by Peter Yip, Pelangi Sdn. Bhd.