LABORATORY REPORT

CHM 138
(BASIC CHEMISTRY)

NAME : Muhammad Mirza Hizami Bin Rajiei

STUDENT NO. : 2019289394
NAME OF PARTNERS : i) Jeremiah Baien
ii) Nightangel Jana
iii) Clement Soon
PROGRAMME : AS115
GROUP : 1A
NUMBER AND TITLE OF EXPERIMENT : EXPERIMENT 4 PREPARATION OF
SODIUM HYDROXIDE AND SULPHURIC ACID SOLUTIONS

DATE OF EXPERIMENT :
DATE OF REPORT SUBMISSION :
NAME OF LECTURER : Norhasnan Bin Sahari

Laboratory Report Marking Scheme

 Full Marks (to be filled by
Mark(s lecturer)
)
Objective of the Experiment
Introduction
Experimental Procedure
Results and Observations
Calculations
Discussion
Conclusion
Answers to Questions
References
Format
Total Marks
OBJECTIVE:

1. To prepare a standard solution of 1.0 M sodium hydroxide and diluting the

solution to 0.2 M.
2. To dilute 1.0 M of sulphuric acid stock solution to the final concentration of
0.1 M.

INTRODUCTION:
A standard solution is a solution with known amount of solute dissolved in
known volume of solvent. Molarity is also another measurement for
concentration which refers to the number of mole of solute in certain volume of
solvent. Thus, a unit for molarity is mol/L. The process of diluting a high
concentration solution can be carried out by adding more solvent to the original
solution. During the process of diluting, the number of moles of solute before
and after dilution remains the same.

PROCEDURE
A.Preparation of 1.0M NaOH solution

1.4.0g of NaOH solution was weighed accurately.

2.The NaOH was transferred into a 100mL beaker and 50mL of distilled water
was added into the beaker.
3.The solution was stirred with glass rod until all the NaOH dissolved.
4.With the aid of a filter funnel, the solution was transferred into 100mL of
volumetric flask. Distilled water was added until the calibration mark.
5.The volumetric flask was shaken by turning it upside down a few times in
order for the solution to be homogenous.

B.Dilution of NaOH solution

1.10mL of 1.0M NaOH solution was pipette that had been prepared in
PROCEDURE A using a volumetric pipette.
2.The measured solution was transferred into a 50mL volumetric flask and
distilled water was added until the calibration mark of the flask. A dropper was
made sure to add the last few drops of distilled water.
3.The volumetric flask was shaken by turning it upside down a few times in
order for the solution to be homogenous.
C.Dilution of H2SO4 solution

1.5mL of 1.0M H2SO4 solution was measured accurately using 5mL volumetric
pipette.
2.The measured solution was transferred into a 50mL volumetric flask and
distilled water was added until the calibration mark of the flask. A dropper was
made sure to add the last few drops of distilled water.
3.The volumetric flask was shaken by turning it upside down a few times in
order for the solution to be homogenous.

RESULTS
DATA:
Mass of sodium hydroxide: 4.00591 g

CALCULATIONS:

Determine
𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠
a. No of moles =
𝑅𝑀𝑀

= 4.00591/40
= 0.1 mol

b. Weigh 4.00591g of NaOH solution and transfer into a 100mL

beaker and add 50mL of distilled water into the beaker. Stir the
solution with a glass rod until dissolved. Use a filter funnel to
transfer the solution into a 100mL of volumetric flask. Add
distilled water until the calibration mark. Shake the volumetric
flask by turning it upside down a few times in order for the solution
to be homogenous.
Calculate:
𝑀𝑉
a. No of moles =
1000
(0.1)(50)
=
1000

= 0.005 mol
𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠
b. No of moles =
𝑅𝑀𝑀
𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠
0.005 =
98

mass = 0.005 × 98
= 0.49g
DISCUSSION:
If one has a certain volume of sulfuric acid solution, there is one volume of a
given NaOH solution needed such that equivalent amounts of the two reactants
are mixed. Equivalent amounts are the amounts that stoichiometrically react (that
is, none of either reactant is left over). When the amount of NaOH (in solution or
otherwise) needed for stoichiometric reaction has been added, this is called the
equivalence point. In the laboratory, the determination of the volume (the
amount) of NaOH required to react stoichiometrically with the sulfuric acid
solution is done by a procedure called titration. A burette is used to measure an
accurate volume of the sulfuric acid solution into a flask. A few drops of an
indicator is added and another burette is used to add the NaOH solution to the
sulfuric acid solution until there is a visual change in color of the solution (due to
the indicator). There is a visual change in color in the solution caused by the
indicator, a substance that changes color as close as possible to the point when
the stoichiometric amount of NaOH (in this case) has been added. When the
solution changes color (the indicator changes color) this is called the endpoint of
the titration. The solution should be colorless and change to a pink color (for the
phenolphthalein indicator used here) upon the addition of one drop of NaOH
titrant. The indicator phenolphthalein is pink in basic solutions and colorless in
acid solutions. The solution for the titration of sulfuric acid with NaOH changes
from acidic (indicator colorless) to basic (indicator pink) at the endpoint. At the
endpoint, the solution is slightly basic when the titrant is a base. Other indicators
have different color change but work the same in principle. The endpoint and the
equivalent point should be as nearly the same as possible. The correct indicator
must be chosen to make that be so. That choice had been made for this experiment
and is phenolphthalein.

CONCLUSION
From this experiment,
1. A standard solution of 1.0M sodium hydroxide and diluting the solution
to 0.2M was prepared.
2. 1.0M of sulfuric acid stock solution to the final concentration of 1.0M
was diluted.

QUESTION
1. a. M1V1 = M2V2
(10)V1= (5)(250)
1250
V1=
10

= 125mL
b. M1V1 = M2V2
(15)V1= (2.5)(300)
750
V1=
15

= 50mL
2. a. M1V1 = M2V2
(0.125)(25)= M2(250)
3.125
M2=
250

= 0.0125M
𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠
b. No of moles =
𝑅𝑀𝑀
2.2
=
58.5
 = 0.0376 mol
𝑀𝑉
No of moles =
1000
𝑀(250)
0.0376 =
1000

M = 0.15M
25
c.
213

= 0.117 mol
𝑀(500)
0.117=
1000

M= 0.234M

REFERENCES
Website:
https://www2.southeastern.edu/Academics/Faculty/delbers/exp4titration5.doc