DESIGN OF PURLINS:

(Timber Purlins are the members on top of the timber truss in which roofing
materials are secured).

Sample Specifications:
Roof Liveload = 960.000 Pa
You can get the actual values in NSCP like what you did in
Roofing = 77.000 Pa
your other design course.
Wind Load = 1440.000 Pa
Spacing of Trusses = 1.200 m
Spacing of Purlins = 0.520 m
These values are based on your design drawings or plans.
Pitch = 0.143 = 1/7
Ɵ= 16.000 deg
Allowable Stresses:
(Use Apitong of 80% Stress Grade)
fb = bending 16.500 MPa
fv = shearing 1.730 MPa
You can get the actual values in NSCP or in the Tabulation
fq = bearing = 2.200 MPa
of Working Stresses I gave you.
E = Mod. of Elas. = 7310.000 MPa
Weight of wood = 4.500 lb/bd.ft
δ allow = defelection= L/240

Solution: Purlins
* LOAD COMBINATION *
A. DL + LL
Ɵ
For Deadload:
DL = Roofing (X) Truss Spacing
DL = 77 (0.5) 1.2 X= 0.500 m
DL = 46.200 N
For Liveload:
LL = Roof Liveload (X) Truss Spacing
LL = 960 (0.5) 1.2
LL = 576.000 N

DL + LL = 622.200 N

B. DL + WL
Wind Pressure Normal to the Roof using Duchemins Formula
2 P sinƟ
Pn = 2 where P is the Windload
1 + sin Ɵ
2 (1440) sin 160
Pn =
1 + sin2160 sin 160= 0.276
Pn = 738.615 Pa

WL = Pn (Purlins Spacing) Truss Spacing

WL = 460.896 N

DL + WL = 507.096 N
 Conclusion: Since DL+LL > DL+WL, therefore use whichever value is higher.
Use DL + LL = 622.200 N
Wn P
* LOAD ANALYSIS * Wt
Design Load = F = 622.200 N

Purlin

1. Normal Load, Wn:

Wn = DLn + LLn
0
Wn = (DL + LL) cos Ɵ cos 16 = 0.961
Wn = 597.934 N
2. Tangential Load, Wt:
Wt = DLt + LLt
Wt = (DL + LL) sin Ɵ sin 160= 0.276
Wt = 171.727 N
3. Moment using WL/8 Formula: where L is the truss spacing
Mn = WnL/8 = 89.690 N-m
Mt = WtL/8 = 25.759 N-m
4. Shear using W/2 Formula:
Vn = Wn/2 = 298.967 N
Vt = Wt/2 = 85.864 N

* DETERMINATION OF DIMENSIONS *

Trial base "b" = 50.000 mm

2
fb = 6Mn/bd
2
d = 6Mn/bfb
d2 = 652.292
d= 25.540 mm SAY 75.000 mm

Trial Dimensions of Purlins, 50 mm x 75 mm in inches 2.000 x 3.000

* DETERMINATION OF WEIGHT OF PURLINS AND ADDITIONAL LOAD AND MOMENTS *

Total Bd. Ft. = twL/12 where L is the truss spacing in feet
Total Bd. Ft. = 1.969

Weight of Purlin = Total Bd Ft x Weight of Wood

Weight of Purlin = 39.502 N = Wp

1. Normal Load, Wn:

Wn = Wp cos Ɵ cos 160 = 0.961
Wn = 37.961 N
2. Total Tangential Load, Wt:
 Wt = Wp sin Ɵ sin 160= 0.276
Wt = 10.902 N
3. Moment using WL/8 Formula: where L is the truss spacing
Mn = WnL/8 = 5.694 N-m
Mt = WtL/8 = 1.635 N-m
4. Shear using W/2 Formula:
Vn = Wn/2 = 18.981 N
Vt = Wt/2 = 5.451 N

* DETERMINATION OF TOTAL LOAD, MOMENT, SHEAR AND DRESSES DIMENSIONS *

1. Total Normal Moment: (Due to Load and Purlin)
TMn = 95.384 N-m
2. Total Tangential Moment: (Due to Load and Purlin)
TMt = 27.394 N-m
3. Total Normal Shear: (Due to Load and Purlin)
TVn = 317.948 N
4. Total Tangential Shear: (Due to Load and Purlin)
TVt = 91.315 N
5. Total Normal Load: (Due to Load and Purlin)
TWn = 635.895 N
6. Total Tangential Moment: (Due to Load and Purlin)
TWt = 182.630 N
7. Dressed Dimensions: (subtract a=10mm) a= 10.000 mm
b' = b - 10 = 40.000 mm
d' = d - 10 = 65.000 mm

* CHECKING FOR THE ADEQUACY OF THE PURLIN *

1. Bending where fb allow = 16.500 MPa
2
Fbn = 6TMn/b'd' = 3.386 MPa
2
Fbt = 6TMt/d'b' = 1.580 MPa
Fb = Fbn + Fbt = 4.967 MPa

since Fb < fb therefore Purlin is safe against Bending.

2. Shearing where fv allow = 1.730 MPa

Fvn = 3TVn/2b'd'= 0.183 MPa
Fvt = 3TVt/2b'd'= 0.053 MPa
2 2 1/2
Fv = (Fbn + Fbt ) = 0.191 MPa

since Fv < fv therefore Purlin is safe against Shearing.

3. Bearing where fq allow = 2.200 MPa assume b' of top chord = 40.000
Fq = 2TVn/A = 0.397 MPa

since Fq < fq therefore Purlin is safe against Bearing.

4. Deflection where δ allow = L/240 mm where L is the truss spacing

δ allow = 5.000 mm
 3 4
In = b'd' /12 = 915416.667 mm
3 4
It = d'b' /12 = 346666.667 mm
3
δn = 5TWnL /384EI = 2.138 mm
3
δt = 5TWtL /384EI = 1.622 mm
δactual = δn + δt = 3.760 mm

since δactual < δallow therefore Purlin is safe against deflection.

* CONCLUSION*
Since the Dresses dimensions are SAFE against Bending, Shearing, Bearing and Defelction, use
50mm x 75 mm Apitong Purlins spaced at 0.52 m o.c.

Solving Problem :
Determine the maximum spacing of wooden purlins using the following data:

Ɵ= 50.280 deg
Wind Load, WL = 1436.400 Pa
Dead Load Given = 374.400 Pa
Bay Distance, L = 3.050 m (same as truss spacing)
fb = 6.894 MPa
Purlin Dimensions (dressed) = 50.000 mm
150.000 mm
Neglect the effect of tangential component Pt ans assume no allowable stress overload for
windload.

Solution:
Wind Pressure Normal to the Roof using Duchemins Formula
2 P sinƟ
Pn = where P is the Windload
1 + sin2Ɵ
2 (1436.4) sin 50.2800
Pn = 0
1 + sin250.280 sin 50.28 = 0.769
Pn = 1388.235 Pa

WL = Pn (Purlins Spacing) Truss Spacing

WL = 4234.117 S

For Deadload:
DL = Dead Load Given (X) Truss Spacing
0
DL = 374.4 (Purlins Spacing cos 50.28 ) Truss Spacing cos 50.280= 0.639
DL = 729.687 S

Total Normal Load = 4963.804 S

Mn = Total Normal Load (L)/8 = 1892.450 S

Using Given Bending Values:
2
fb = 6Mn/bd (neglecting tangential component)
2
Mn = (fb)bd /6= 1892.450 S
2
S= (fb)bd /6(1892.450)
2
S= (6.894 (50) 150 ) / 6(1892.450)
S= 683.043 mm.