Ore & Host Rock Characterization

Optical and Acoustic

Televiewer

In-Situ Structural, Rock

Mechanics, and Novel Applications

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 Ore & Host Rock Characterization

History and Background

• Incorporated in 1997 – 16 years in business
• Over 4,000,000 meters surveyed
• Routinely partner with reputable consulting and engineering firms
• Direct clients primarily consist of Major and Mid-tier mining
companies, and well-funded Juniors
• Stages of evolution:
– Started as a data acquisition company with focus to obtain high
quality reliable data
– Shifted focus to deliver value and knowledge derived from high
quality data to solve specific industry problems
– dedicated R&D department actively engaged in well-funded R&D
projects

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 Ore & Host Rock Characterization

DGI Philosophy
Our Goal:
Help clients achieve increased earnings, with lower capital
costs, and lower risk.
Achieved Through:
Improving investment and operational decisions based on
quantitative measures and improved analysis delivered
significantly faster than traditional methods.
Resulting In:
Improved success rates, less time to extraction, higher yields,
and lower costs to extract the end product.

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 Ore & Host Rock Characterization

Typical In-Situ Parameters Measured

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES TELEVIEWER
• Natural Gamma • Acoustic Televiewer
• Resistivity • Optical Televiewer
• Induced Polarization • Mechanical Caliper
• Magnetic Susceptibility DIRECTIONAL
• Inductive Conductivity • Magnetic Orientation
• Neutron (porosity) • Gyroscopic Orientation
• Density (focused) HYDROGEOLOGICAL
• Full Waveform Sonic - • Fluid Resistivity
Acoustic Velocity • Temperature
• Flow Meter
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 Ore & Host Rock Characterization

Typical Set up

(from Killeen, GSC, Exploration '97)

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 Ore & Host Rock Characterization

Sample Optical Televiewer (OTV) Image

Major Benefits
• Oriented image
• Measure fractures, veins,
contacts, foliation, bedding,
faults, etc.
• Relative to core axis or
converted to true co-
ordinates
• Simultaneously measures
borehole path

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 Ore & Host Rock Characterization

Sample Acoustic Televiewer (ATV) Data

• Major Benefits
• Oriented image – true
strike and dip of
features in situ
• Also acquires travel
time, allowing
determination if
fractures are open
• Ideal for geotechnical
applications

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 Ore & Host Rock Characterization

Classification
• Major Open Fracture
(complete visibility in travel
time log)

• Partially Open Fracture

(incomplete visibility in
travel time log)

• Minor Fracture (no visibility

in travel time log)

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 Ore & Host Rock Characterization

Additional Deliverables

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 Ore & Host Rock Characterization

Additional Deliverables
Features - True North Orientation*
Depth Dip Direction Dip Width Structure Code
m deg deg mm
3.97 220.14 6.61 0 6
4.22 326.46 8.5 0 2
4.41 306.44 8.16 5.7 2
4.56 345.34 7.61 0 4
4.61 340.12 8.81 15.48 2
4.71 312.52 6.33 18.02 1
4.76 306.94 4.06 6.05 2
4.95 326.1 8 0 3
5.25 340.83 15.06 0 3

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 Ore & Host Rock Characterization

Online Televiewer Browser

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Application of Televiewer Data to Understanding
the Structural Geology of a Mineral Deposit
Structure Dip Aperture
Dip
Class Direction (mm)
Fine 198.51 59.57 0
Very Fine 153.98 71.28 0
Very Fine 199.82 59.63 0
Very Fine 28.98 45.8 0
Very Fine 145.4 84.96 0
Very Fine 126.2 75.34 0
Very Fine 176.05 81.57 0
Very Fine 137.87 65.37 0
Very Fine 55.45 28.3 0
Very Fine 207.08 60.56 0
Very Fine 20.99 37.68 0
Very Fine 52 23.21 0
Very Fine 59.78 28.55 0
Very Fine 204.81 49.93 0
Very Fine 218.09 21.67 0
Moderate 214.69 51.73 48.86
Very Fine 23.86 49.82 0
Fine 47.97 41.87 0
Very Fine 26.35 39.3 0
Very Fine 346.25 89.73 0
Moderate 156.3 65 31.36
Very Fine 329.69 43.12 0
Fine 222.39 53.78 0
Fine 349.53 35.03 0

Prepared by:
Ivo Vos, PhD, P. Geo, Senior Consultant (Structural Geology)
Televiewer Survey Data
• Service Provider analyzes fractures obtained from the drill hole, and
assigns a rank / class to each fracture typically without geological
knowledge of the deposit;
• A good understanding of what these fractures represent (joints, veins,
faults) usually comes from careful inspection of structural features in core.

Structure Dip Aperture

Dip
Class Direction (mm)
Fine 198.51 59.57 0
Very Fine 153.98 71.28 0
Very Fine 199.82 59.63 0
Very Fine 204.81 49.93 0
Very Fine 218.09 21.67 0
Moderate 214.69 51.73 48.86
Very Fine 23.86 49.82 0
Fine 47.97 41.87 0
Very Fine 26.35 39.3 0
Very Fine 346.25 89.73 0
Moderate 156.3 65 31.36
Very Fine 329.69 43.12 0
Fine 222.39 53.78 0
Fine 349.53 35.03 0

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The Structural Problem: Forests and Trees
• Faults are generally (damage) zones that may be represented by a
combination of differently oriented fractures, faults and veins;
• Fault zones commonly have highly-variable width and content (fault rock
types);
• Fault zone thickness can range over 3 orders of magnitude;
• Therefore, drill intersections of the same fault will not be the same and
correlation between drill holes requires careful structural analysis;
• The challenge is to separate the forest (fault zone) from the trees
(fractures).

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The Added Value
• Better understanding of the service
provider’s classification / ranking and
geological / structural logs;
• Better 3D correlation of individual fault
and fracture intercepts that are not just
based on orientation;
• Combined with structural analysis,
Televiewer results contribute to an
understanding of a conceptual structural
model that includes fault timing and
kinematics; and
• Better constrained litho-structural
models that contribute to:
o Improved exploration targeting (<$$)
o Improved geotechnical models (<risk).

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 Ore & Host Rock Characterization

Cored versus Non-Cored Drilling

Fluid Level

Cored Percussion Drilled

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 Ore & Host Rock Characterization

Disseminated Base Metals – Non mineralized zones

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 Ore & Host Rock Characterization

Disseminated Base Metals – Non mineralized zones

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 Ore & Host Rock Characterization

Graphite – Early Geotechnical Evaluation

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 Ore & Host Rock Characterization

Gold – Shaft pilot hole(s)

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 Ore & Host Rock Characterization

Break-out and stress field analysis –

deep mining application

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 Ore & Host Rock Characterization

Paste Line Wear – Underground Mining

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 Ore & Host Rock Characterization

CMIC Footprints Project

• DGI is a key collaborator in
the CMIC-EIC and its flagship
footprints project
• The Footprint study objective
is to develop the best
methodology for exploration
by using a multi-parameter
and integrated approach
DGI is participating significantly in the project by offering in-kind
contribution of the data analysis and integration of the various
co-located geoscience datasets (assays, geochemistry,
geotechnical, mineralogy, physical rock properties).

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 Ore & Host Rock Characterization

Scholarship Program
Please visit our website:
http://www.dgigeoscience.com/the-dgi-update/scholarship-program/

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 Ore & Host Rock Characterization

Summary
• Televiewer permit true strike and dip of features measured in
situ
• Rapid acquisition – on the drill rig or after drilling complete
• Acquire principal stress direction from borehole breakouts
• Applications are varied – structural, hydrogeology and
geotechnical are the primary ones
• Better planning and inclusive communication between all
involved (Mining/Exploration, Driller, Service Provider
acquiring the data, Consulting/Engineering firms)

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 Ore & Host Rock Characterization

Acknowledgments

Chris Drielsma,
Roxanne Leblanc
DGI Geoscience

Ivo Vos
SRK Consulting

Our Clients &

Partners Eric Maag (Director of Market Development)
emaag@dgigeoscience.com

+1.416.361.3191
www.dgigeoscience.com

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