WEATHER INSTRUMENTS

1. WIDE RANGE AEROSOL SPECTROMETER

• Wide Range Aerosol Spectrometer is the only portable instrument on the market
that allows simultaneous and precise real-time monitoring of both micron-sized
and nano particles.
• It is used for monitoring indoor air quality in buildings, vehicles and for
identification of nanoparticle source. It is also used for workplace monitoring.
• Particle size range from 5nm to 30µ.
 1. CLOUD CONDENSATION NUCLEI COUNTER

• The CCN Counter is a continuous-flow, thermal-gradient diffusion chamber for

measuring aerosols that can act as cloud condensation nuclei . Seeking equilibrium, the
supersaturated water vapor condenses on the cloud condensation nuclei in the sample
air to form droplets, just as cloud drops form in the atmosphere .

• Size for lab use -35.0” H x 19.3” W x 15.6” D /

88.9 cm H x 48.9 cm W x 39.7 cm D
 3.NEPHELOMETER

• A nephelometer is an instrument for measuring the concentration of suspended

particulates in a liquid or gas colloid. A nephelometer measures suspended particulates
by employing a light beam and a light detector set to one side of the source beam.
 4.EC/OC METER

• The EC/OC monitor is used to analyze both bulk samples and aerosol particles collected on
quartz fiber filters .
 5. CIMEL SUN PHOTOMETER

• A sun photometer is a type of photometer conceived in such a way that it points at

the sun. Recent sun photometers are automated instruments incorporating a sun-
tracking unit, an appropriate optical system, a spectrally filtering device, a photodetector,
and a data acquisition system.
• The Cimel CE318 Sunphotometer is a multi-channel, automatic sun-and-sky scanning
radiometer that measures the direct solar irradiance and sky radiance at the Earth’s
surface.
 6. AEROSOL CHEMICAL SPECIATION MONITOR

• The Aerosol Chemical Speciation Monitor (ACSM), which routinely characterizes and
monitors the mass and chemical composition of non-refractory submicron particulate
matter in real time.
• The ACSM measures 19″ D × 21″ W × 33″ H, weighs 140 pounds, and requires
approximately 300W of power to operate.
• It consists of three vacuum chambers that are differentially pumped by turbo pumps
(two Varian V301 pumps and one V81 pump or equivalent Pfeiffer turbo pumps, two
HP300 and one HP80) and backed by a small diaphragm pump.
 7 .CLOUD COMBINATION PROBE

• Particle and cloud hydrometeor size distributions 2 to 50 µm, precipitation size

distributions 25 µm to 1550 µm, and liquid water content from 0.05 to 3 g/m3.
• The three DMT instruments included in the CCP are the Cloud Imaging Probe (CIP), the
Cloud Droplet Probe (CDP), and the Hotwire Liquid Water Content Sensor (Hotwire LWC)..
8 .ALL SKY IMAGER

• All Sky Imager can take clear full hemispheric pictures of the sky.
• Used for cloud research and atmospheric analysis.
• It starts from dimensions of 200×210 mm.
9 . MICROWAVE RADIOMETRIC PROFILER

• The Microwave Radiometer Profiler (MWRP) provides time-series

measurements of brightness temperatures from 12 channels between 22.235
and 58.80 GHz. These channels are sensitive to the presence of liquid water and
precipitable water vapor and to the atmospheric temperature and humidity profile.
 10. IMPACT DISDROMETER

• The impact disdrometer collects observations of the drop size spectra of rainfall.
• It consists of two units: the sensor, which is exposed to the rain and the processor for analog
processing and digitizing of the sensor signal.
• A cable, 4 meters long, is used to connect the two units.
11. 2D –VIDEO DISDROMETER

• The Video Disdrometers are imaging point-monitoring precipitation gauges. They

deliver details of individual particles and rain bulk parameters.
•
12. RADIATION MONITORING SYSTEM

• Radiation monitoring involves the measurement of radiation dose or radionuclide

contamination for reasons related to the assessment or control of exposure
to radiation or radioactive substances, and the interpretation of the results.
•
13. NEUTRAL AIR ION SPECTROMETER

• A parallel multichannel aerosol spectrometer for measuring the mobility

distribution of ions (from 3.2 to 0.0014 cm²/V/s, from 0.8 to 40 nm size
equivalent) and size distribution of aerosol particles (from 2 to 40 nm) with a
maximum time resolution of 1 second.
• Particle distribution from ~2 to 40 nm
Ion distribution from 3.2 to 0.0013 cm²/V/s
(from 0.8 to 40 nm size equivalent)

• Dimensions L 580 mm, W 305 mm, H 810 mm

14 .AIR POLLUTION MONITORING SYSTEM

• Air Pollution Monitoring System is used to monitor the Air Quality over a
web server using Internet. It will trigger an alarm when the air quality goes
down beyond a certain level, means when there are sufficient amount of harmful
gases present in the air like CO2, smoke, alcohol, benzene, NH3 and NOx.
•
 15. RADIOSONDE

• A radiosonde is a battery-powered telemetry instrument carried into the atmosphere

usually by a weather balloon that measures various atmospheric parameters and
transmits them by radio to a ground receiver.
• The complete radiosonde system, or rawinsonde, consists of a balloon-borne
radiosonde instrument package , a radio receiver , a tracking unit and a recorder .
• As the balloon ascends, it expands in size from approximately 6 feet to a diameter
between 24 and 32 ft before it bursts. The balloon carries the instrument package to an
altitude of approximately 25 mi (27-37 km) where the balloon bursts
 HACPL WEATHER INSTRUMENTS

1.RAIN GAUGES

• A rain gauge (also known as an udometer, pluviometer, or an ombrometer) is an instrument

used by meteorologists and hydrologists to gather and measure the amount
of liquid precipitation over an area in a predefined period of time.
• The standard United States National Weather Service rain gauge, developed at the start
of the 20th century, consists of an 8-inch diameter (203 mm) funnel emptying into a
graduated cylinder, 1.17 inches (29.7 mm) in diameter, which fits inside a larger
container that is 8 inches in diameter and 20 inches (508 mm) tall.
 2. AUTOMATIC WEATHER STATION

• An Automatic Weather Station (AWS) is defined as a facility that automatically transmits

or records observations obtained from measuring instruments. In an AWS, the
measurements of meteorological elements are converted into electrical signals through
sensors.
• The standard mast heights used with automatic weather stations are 2, 3, 10 and
30 meters. Other sizes are available, but typically these sizes have been used as
standards for differing applications. The 2 meter (6.6 feet) mast is used for the
measurement of parameters that affect a human subject.
 3. RECIEVERS –RADIO SIGNALS

In radio communications, a radio receiver, also known as a receiver, wireless or

simply radio is an electronic device that receives radio waves and converts the information
carried by them to a usable form. It is used with an antenna. The antenna intercepts radio
waves (electromagnetic waves) and converts them to tiny alternating currents which are
applied to the receiver, and the receiver extracts the desired information.

.
4. LIGHTNING SENSOR

• A lightning detector is a device that detects lightning produced by thunderstorms. There are
three primary types of detectors: ground-based systems using multiple antennas, mobile
systems using a direction and a sense antenna in the same location (often aboard an
aircraft), and space-based systems.
•
 5. RADIATION SENSOR

• A radiation detector is a device for measuring nuclear, electromagnetic or light radiation.

A nuclear radiation detector identifies nuclear radiation by measuring the emission of
ionizing radiation of alpha particles, beta particles and gamma rays.
6. MICROWAVE RADIOMETRIC PROFILE

• The microwave radiometer profiler (MWRP) provides vertical profiles of temperature,

humidity, and cloud liquid water content as a function of height or pressure at
approximately 5-minute intervals for nearly all weather conditions.
•
7. WHOLE SKY IMAGER

• The whole sky imager is an automated imager used for assessing and
documenting cloud fields and cloud field dynamics .
•
8. CEILOMETER –CLOUD BASE HEIGHTS

• A ceilometer is a device that uses a laser or other light source to determine the height of a
cloud ceiling or cloud base. Ceilometers can also be used to measure the aerosol
concentration within the atmosphere.