Hurricane!

FB 1: Quick Sketch
Remember the Water Cycle?  Water cycles continuously
between the Earth’s
surface and the
atmosphere.

 Water evaporates from

the land, lakes, and
oceans adding moisture
to the atmosphere.

 The water vapor forms

clouds that rise to higher
and higher altitudes.

 Eventually rain or snow

falls from clouds returning
the water to the Earth’s
surface.

 The cycle repeats itself

endlessly.
How does a thunderstorm form?
What’s In A Name?
• https://
video.search.yahoo.com/yhs/search?fr=yhs-mozilla-
002&hsimp=yhs-002&hspart=mozilla&p=hurricane+
name+video2016#id=5&vid=5bc93ff53f97f9e51981
e0915162fee1&action=click

FB 2: What’s In A Name?
 Around the World
• Violent storms that • When violent storms
form in the Atlantic form in the North
Ocean or Eastern Pacific, they are called
Pacific Ocean are typhoons.
called hurricanes. • Typhoon: a tropical
• In the South cyclone or hurricane of
Pacific and Indian the western Pacific area
Ocean, these and the China seas.
storms are called Add to FB: Vocabulary
cyclones.
FB 3: Around the World
Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Wind Scale

FB 4:
Hurricane
Scale
 - Storms
Formation of a Hurricane FB 5: Formation
FB 7: Vocabulary

2. EYE

1. SPIRAL
3. RAIN
EYEWALL BANDS

 The highest winds are found in the eyewall of a hurricane.

 Damaging winds and heavy rain can also occur in the rainbands of a hurricane.

 Air in a rotating hurricane is drawn into the center of the storm, called the eye.

 When the air reaches the eye, it rises up through the eyewall and spreads out on top
of the hurricane forming dense cirrus clouds.
 What does a hurricane need to form?
1. A seed…
A preexisting storm needs to move over the ocean.
2. Fertile soil to plant the seed…
Very warm ocean water of at least 80°F (26.5°C)
3. Light winds so the plant doesn’t fall over.
Light winds high up so that
the thunderstorms aren’t
blown over.

FB 5: Formation
N. Hemisphere S. Hemisphere

FB 5: Formation

In the northern Hemisphere they

rotate COUNTER-CLOCKWISE
 Formation, continued
• When winds reach 39 mph = named
• Winds circulate around the tropical storm
center (like water going
down a drain)

• At 74 mph = hurricane
• Cold, unstable air and
warm, humid air begin to
circulate growing the
storm’s size and intensity.

• Winds and low air pressure cause

huge mound of ocean water to pile
up near the eye = storm surge (FB 7:
vocab)
Hurricane Damage (add to back) Storm Surge
Hurricane Damage, con’d Wind/Flooding

High winds and flooding are two of the most common causes of damage during a hurricane.
Hurricane Damage
 Tornadoes can also cause damage in
hurricanes because they can be
embedded within rainbands.

 Tornadoes are called water spouts when

they occur over water.
Hurricane Damage

 The most extreme forms of

damage from a hurricane are
along coastlines.

 Here, only a single home remains

standing along the Texas coastline
after Hurricane Ike hit in 2008.

 Hurricane damage along a

coastline is the most severe
because of high winds, pounding
rain, and the storm surge.
 Hurricane Tracking
How strong will they get? Where will they go?
 How is a hurricane tracked?

National Hurricane Center

1) Weather satellites collect photos and other
data each day during hurricane season.
2) Images from several different types of
satellites are studied to estimate the
position, direction, and intensity of a
storm.
3) Then, hurricane tracking aircraft fly into the
storm to confirm wind speed and direction,
rainfall, and internal pressure of the
hurricane eye.
 HURRICANE DATA
1. Boats and Buoys: Floating observations
2. Hurricane Hunters: Manned aircraft that fly
into the storm center and drop probes called
DROPSONDES.
3. Radar: Identifies where rainfall is heaviest
4. Satellites: Can spot storms well out to sea.
5. Drones: Recent development. Collects data
without risking people.
(1) Weather satellites are the first line of defense.

 A GOES satellite is launched from

Vandenburg, CA.

 GOES = Geostationary Operational

Environmental Satellite.
 (2) Scientist read weather maps to detect storms.

Katrina, 2005

Hurricane Isabel, 2010

(3) Hurricane tracking airplanes fly into the storms.

Hurricane tracking airplanes will fly into the hearts of hurricanes to measure the wind
speed, rainfall, and atmospheric pressure. The information is sent by radio to the
National Hurricane Center in Miami, FL so that scientists can predict where the
hurricane will go.
Inside the Eye of a Hurricane
Hurricane Tracks
Before and after photographs
for the damage along the New
Jersey coastline during
Hurricane Sandy in 2012.
 - Storms

Let’s Review: Hurricane Formation

Begins as a low-pressure area over warm water,
or a tropical disturbance.

Warm, humid air rises and begins to spiral.

As air rises, more warm, moist air is drawn into the system
and the hurricane gains energy.

As winds spiral inward, bands of high winds

and heavy rains form.
Hurricane Matthew

FB 6: Hurricane Matthew
Hurricane Matthew