Republic of Iraq

Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research

College of Engineering
Department of Chemical Engineering

No. :
( viscosity
)
Group b

student's names:
1. Ahmed Hussain
2. Ameer Raheem Messier
 3. Jasam Aqil
4. Zain alabdean Sabah

OBJECTIVE
To measure the Viscosity of crude oil

INTRODUCTION
Viscosity is a property of the fluid which opposes the relative
motion between the two surfaces of the fluid in a fluid that are
moving at different velocities. When the fluid is forced through
a tube, the particles which compose the fluid generally move
more quickly near the tube's axis and more slowly near its walls;
therefore some stress (such as a pressure difference between the
two ends of the tube) is needed to overcome the friction between
particle layers to keep the fluid moving. For a given velocity
pattern, the stress required is proportional to the fluid's viscosity.

A fluid that has no resistance to shear stress is known as an ideal

or inviscid fluid. Zero viscosity is observed only at very low
temperatures in superfluids. Otherwise, all fluids have positive
viscosity, and are technically said to be viscous or viscid. In
common parlance, however, a liquid is said to be viscous if its
viscosity is substantially greater than that of water, and may be
described as mobile if the viscosity is noticeably less than water.
[according to whom?][not verified in body] A fluid with a
relatively high viscosit
water
t 1=23.36 sec density=0.995 V 1=6

kerosene
t 2=42.91 sec density=0.772 V 2=6

Naphtha
t 3=14.73 sec density=0.69 V 3=6

Group A
student's names:
1. Ahmed Hussain
2. Ameer Raheem Messier
3. Jasam Aqil
4. Zain alabdean Sabah

2017/10/17
 ρ2
t2
= ρ ¿ ¿* t *µ
µ2
1
¿

1
1

0.772∗42.91
µ2=
0.995∗23.36 *1.002
=1.425 g/cm.sec
ρ3 t3
= ρ ¿ ¿* t * µ
µ3
1
¿

1
1

.69∗14.73
= .995∗23.36 ∗1.002
=0.438 g/cm.sec

Methodes Mesurement
1.Dropping the ball method
2.By viscomater

Procedure
1 . Clean the viscometer with acetone
2. Put 6ml of liquid in viscometer
3. Dry the liquid carefully using capillary tube device unit it becomes
liquid above the mark A for viscometer
4. Allow the liquid to flow to mark
5. Calculate time it takes the liquid to flow between markes A;B
 
Discussion

1. What are the factor that effect on viscosity?

a. Temperature
The viscosity decreases by increasing the temperature
b. Molecular weight
The viscosity increases with increasing molecular weight
c. The Force of attraction
The viscosity increases by increasing the force of attraction between
molecules of fluid movement
d. The dissolved materials
The Ionic salts reduce the viscosity
e. Pressure
The viscosity increases with increasing pressure
F. Molecules shape and composition fluid molecules
With big irregularly shaped to be more of the viscosity from fluid
particles small symmetric in shape.
2. Discuss the effect of the temperature on the viscosity?
The viscosity decreases by increasing the temperature
3. What are the forces that effect on viscosity?
a. Strength and weight
b. Buoyancy force
c. Resistance of fluid
4.What is best method for measuring the viscosity and why ?
a. Dropping the ball
b. viscometer method
It is best method because of accuracy of result and it is direct method