Lecture 5

AIR- FUEL RATIO

INTERNAL COMBUSTION
ENGINES

By

Dr. Balasem Abdulameer Al-Quraishi

Second stage, undergraduate studies

Department of Mechanical Engineering
Techniques of Power
Engineering Technical College / Najaf
Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University
Internal Combustion Engines L (5) Dr.Balasem Abdulameer Alquraishi

2.5 AIR- FUEL RATIO AND FUEL- AIR RATIO

2.6

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Internal Combustion Engines L (5) Dr.Balasem Abdulameer Alquraishi

2-7 ENGINE EFFICIENCIES

The time available for the combustion process of an engine cycle is very
brief, and not all fuel molecules may find an oxygen molecule with which to
combine, or the local temperature may not favor a reaction. Consequently, a
small fraction of fuel does not react and exits with the exhaust flow.

Combustion efficiency is defined to account for the fraction of fuel which

burns. Typically has values in the range 0.95 to 0.98 when an engine is
operating properly.

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Internal Combustion Engines L (5) Dr.Balasem Abdulameer Alquraishi

Volumetric efficiency

One of the most important processes that govern how much power and
performance can be obtained from an engine is getting the maximum amount
of air into the cylinder during each cycle.

Volumetric efficiency is defined as:

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Internal Combustion Engines L (5) Dr.Balasem Abdulameer Alquraishi

EXAMPLE PROBLEM 2-3

3L V6 SI engine operates on 4-strock, the power and work at the crank shaft is
77.3 Kw and 0.45 KJ respectively, the engine is running with an air-fuel ratio AF =
15, a fuel heating value of 44,000kJ/kg, mass of air entering for each cylinder is
0.0005 kg, a combustion efficiency of 97%, and the mechanical efficiency of the
engine is 85%. ma (1-cyl) = 0.0005 kg
Calculate: AF=15
no. cyl = 6 , n=2
W.b = 77.3 Kw , wb=0.45 KJ
QHV=44000 KJ/kg
com. eff. = 0.97
mech. eff = 0.85

for one cylinder

for engine
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