SH GEN MATH W5 Q1 Lesson 3

MARYKNOLL SCHOOL OF STO. TOMAS, INC.
Fd. Road 3, Brgy. Tibal-og

8112 Sto. Tomas, Davao Del Norte
Telephone :084-829-0249
email: maryknoll.sto.tomas@gmail.com
LESSON NO. 3: GRAPHS OF A RATIONAL FUNCTION
CONTENT STANDARD:
The learner demonstrates understanding of:
key concepts of rational functions.
LEARNING COMPETENCIES:
The learner is able to:
 determines the: (a) intercepts; (b) zeroes; and (c) asymptotes of rational
functions
 solves problems involving rational functions, equations, and inequalities.
LEARNING OUTCOMES:
At the end of the lesson, the students will be able to:
 solve and graph involving rational.
 cite examples involving rational in real life problems.
Function- a relationship or expression involving one or more variables.

"the function (bx + c)"
Quadratic- comes from "quad" meaning square, because the variable gets
squared (like x2). It is also called an "Equation of Degree 2"
Domain- is the set of all possible x-values which will make the function "work",
and will output real y-values.
Range- is the resulting y-values we get after substituting all the possible x-
values.
A Rational Number- can be made by dividing two integers.
(An integer is a number with no fractional part.)
Pencil, paper, ballpen, module and graphing paper
The rational function that we learned previously behaves well. Once we

established the vertical and horizontal asymptotes, a little bit of point plotting usually
determines the graph. Well, this is not always the case in rational functions. Vertical
asymtotes are created by the behaviour of f(x) as x gets infinitely large or infinitely
small. This means that the possibilities for some values of x, there will be points of
the graph on the horizontal asymtote. Using tabulated values as constrained by the
domain as well as getting the corresponding values of y will now define the function.
Let’s consider our previous example in last lesson.
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Illustration 1.
x2
Given f(x)= 2 , the graph of this function is illustrated below. Recall that the
x −x−2
domain constraints the graph at points -1 and 2. It is approaching -1 or approaching
2.. The denominator has a graph which is asymptotic to the vertical axis. This means
that the graph is defined exceptx=-1 and x=2. how is this graph plotted? Simply
assign values of x as real numbers except -1 and 2. Then define the y values based
on tue given x. You can have a tabular method as used in the previous lesson in
graphing a function. Say, let us graph this function between -10 to 10.
Illustration 2
x
Given f(x)= 2 , the graph of this function is illustrated below.
x −4
Recall that the domain is : { x|x ∈ R , x ≠−2∨2 } and the range : { y| y ∈ R except 0 }.
Let us observe that the domain constraints of the graph at points -2 and 2. It is
approaching -2 or approaching 2. The denominator has graph which is asymptotic to
the vertical axis.This means that the graph is defined except x=-2 and x= 2. How is
this graph plotted? Simply assign values of x as real numbers except -2 and 2. Then,
define the y values based on given x. You can make a tabular method as used in the
previous lesson in graphing a function. Say let us graph this function between -10
to10.
Illustration 3
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x
Given f(x)= 2 , the graph of this function is illustrated below.
x −1
Recall that the domain is : { x|x ∈ R , x ≠−1∨1 } and the range : { y| y ∈ R , y ≠ 10 } . Let us
observe that the domain constraints the graph at points -1 and 1. It is approaching 1.
The denominator has graph which is asymptotic to the vertical axis. This means that
the graph is defined except x=-1 and x=1. How is this graph plotted? Simply assign
values of x as real numbers except -2 and 2. Then define the y values based on
given x. You can have a tabular method as used in the previous lesson in graphing a
function. Say, let us graph this function between -10 to 10.
Illustration 4
x2 −1
Given f(x) = , the graph of this function is illustrated below.
x−2
Recall that the domain is: { x|x ∈ R , x ≠2 } and the range : { y| y ∈ R , y ≠ x }.
Let us observe that the domain constraints the graph at point 2. It is approaching 2.
The denominator has graph which is asymtotic to the vertical axis. This means tha
the graph is defined except ≠ 2. Then, define the y values based on given x. You can
have a tabular method as used in the previous lesson in graphing a function. Say, let
us graph this function between -10 to 10.
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Sketch a graph of a function by considering the domain constraints that make each
of the functions defined
1. f(x)=
2 x 2 + x+ 1
x+1
x3 +2 x 2+ x −3
2. f(x)=
x 2 +2 x +3
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x 2+ 4
3. f ( x )=
x−3
4.
x 2−4
f ( x )=
x 2−9
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3 x 2+ x +2
5. f ( x )=
x +¿ ¿
4x
6. f ( x )= 2
x + x−2
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x2
7. f(x)=
x2 −9
8.
x 2 +2 x+1
f ( x )=
x 2−5 x+ 6
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LESSON NO. 3A. INVERSE OF A FUNCTION

How is the inverse concept of a function imagined? This concept can be
described as a “DO” and “UNDO” functions. Recall that any function that takes a
starting value, performs some operations based from the given values and creates an
output. The inverse function that takes the ouput answer, perform some operations on it
and arrives back at the original function. Recall, if you have x=2 x, then switch x and y;
the y=2x is the inverse denoted as “f-1”. To put it simply
Definition: INVERSE OF A FUNCTION

Let f be a one-to-one function with the domain of X and a range of Y. A function G with
a domain of Y and a range of X is called the inverse of the function of f if.
(f o g) = x for every x in Y
and
(g o f) (x) = x for every x in X
Consider the graph below: Observe how inverse f -1(x) behaves compared with the f(x).
Now how do we find the inverse of the function?

Steps to find the inverse of a function:
1. Set y = f(x)
2. Exchange the variables x and y
3. Solve the equation for y in terms of x.
4. Replace y to f-1. The inverse of the function is determined by the equation
in step 3
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Illustration 1
Find the inverse of the function f(x)= 3x+1. Find the inverse of the
function
Following the steps:
1. f(x)=y
Therefore, we have y=3x+1
Interchange the variables x and y.
2. x=3y+1
3. We will solve for y in terms of x:
x-1 = 3y (by dividing 1/3 to both sides of the equation)
x−1
=y
3
x−1 x−1
4. Thus the inverse f-1= ∨f ( x )=
3 3
Question: Is the inverse a function?
Graphically, we have this
x −1
f(x)=3x+1 f(x)¿
3
Illustration 2
x2 +1
Given f(x)= . Find the inverse of the function f(x) and determine whether it is a
4
function or not. Justify your answer.
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1. f(x)= y
x2 +1
Therefore, we have, y=
4
y 2+1
2. x=
4
3. We will solve for y:
4x-1= y 2 (let us solve for y)
± √ 4 x−1 = y
4. Thus the inverse f-1=± √ 4 x−1
5. Graphically, we have this
x2 +1
f(x)=
4
f-1=+√ 4 x −1
f-2= - √ 4 x −1
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The inverse f-1(x) is not a function when the vertical line test is used.
Illustration 3
x+1
Determine if g(x) is the inverse function of f(x) given : f(x)= 7x -1 and g(x) = .
7
1. f(x)= y
Therefore, we have y=7x-1
2. x=7y-1
x+1=7y (let is solve for y, by multiply 1/7 to both sides of the equation) thus we have,
x+1
=y
7
x+1
4. thus the inverse f-1= , therefore, g(x) is the inverse of f(x).
7
Illustration 4
x+1
Let us determine if g(x)= is the inverse of f(x)= 7x-1 in Illustration 3
7
1.g(x)=y
x+1
Therefore, we have y=
7
x+1
2. x=
7
7x-1=y
4. Thus the inverse g-1=7x-1. Therefore, g(x) is also the inverse of f(x) and g(x) areI
inverse function.
The inverse of a function may not always be a function! The original

function should be a one-to-one function to ensure that its inverse will also be a
function. Use the horizontal line test to check if the inverse of a function is still a
function.
Also, do not forget that the domain of f must equal the range of f-1 and the
domain of f-1 must equal the range of f.
The horizontal line test is used to determine whether a function is a one-to-
one function when its graph is given. In this test, a function f is one –to-one when
every horizontal line drawn intersects the graph of f at exactly one point
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TEST II
Determine the inverse of the following function, and graph both the function and its
inverse. Determine whether if its inverse is a function or not. Justify your answer.
−2
1.f(x)=
x+1
2. f(x)=x2+1 for x≤ 0
3. f(x)=-√ x−3, for x ≥ 3
4. f(x)=3x+2
x−4
5. f(x)= for x≠-4
x+ 4
6. f(x)= x2-3x-2
7. f(x)=√ 9−x2, for -3 ≤ x ≤ 0

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TEST II
Determine whether f and g are inverse functions. Check the corresponding column if
they are inverses.
Inverse functions or
not inverse
functions
3 4
1. f(x)= x _________________ g(x)= x _____________________
4 3
2. f(x)= x2-6 for x ≥0,________ g(x)=√ x+ 6 ≥ -6__________________
3. f(x)= 2-x2 for x ≥ 0 ________ g(x)= √ 2−x for x≤ 2_______________
x−2
4. f(x)= 3x+2_______________ g(x)=
3
_________________________
Rubric for the activity
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MARYKNOLL SCHOOL OF STO. TOMAS, INC.

Fd. Road 3, Brgy. Tibal-og

Function- a relationship or expression involving one or more variables.

Pencil, paper, ballpen, module and graphing paper

The rational function that we learned previously behaves well. Once we

LESSON NO. 3A. INVERSE OF A FUNCTION

Definition: INVERSE OF A FUNCTION

Now how do we find the inverse of the function?

The inverse of a function may not always be a function! The original

3. f(x)=-√ x−3, for x ≥ 3

7. f(x)=√ 9−x2, for -3 ≤ x ≤ 0

Rubric for the activity

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