Acknowledgement

This analysis based report is done for the readers of my previous report 1MW Utility Scale SPV
Power Plant, mainly for the readers from South region of INDIA as they are asking repeatedly
about the probability and feasibility-technical & Financial-of a SPV power plant in their region.
At the same time it’s not possible for me to design a report for each and every state from South
India, so I took Chennai city. Also the previous report was not so detail, was very basic and
meant to the readers who want to get an overview on how a utility scale power plant works.
Now, in this report, I discuss about in depth. From panel’s selection to CB sizing all are
presented in very detail. Hope, this time you get a strong knowledge on designing and
estimation of 1MW solar PV power plant. Unlike the previous report, the financial aspect
discussed at the end of the paper. In this paper, the financial assessment has done in very detail
and considering the current scenario of SPV market including the cost of solar PV modules,
inverters’ cost, cable, transformer etc. prices and the funding, interest rate..

Disclaimer
The presented data here are NOT TAKEN from any copyright materials and not showing under
my name. The meteo data collected from NASA website and NREL database which is free over
the internet. Designing of PV system is totally based on the practical experience of the author.

Assumption & Consideration

Shading consideration: No shading has been considered at the site during the calculation
design. So it is advised that at the time of execution, please check whether there is any kind of
obstacle in the site which may cause partial/full shading on PV strings and/or PV array. If the
shading occurs, then the estimated power generation will not match the actual power
generated.
Load Factor: It is assumed that the produced power from the PV plant will be fed to the local
utility grid. So, while designing the system, no unbalanced load considered in 3 phase
configuration.
Meteo data: The calculation based on the meteo data collected from NASA website which is
very reliable. Now, based on the co-ordinates the values have been presented in this report. So,
total design is based on this data. For a different location (coordinates), the system design will
differ. It is advised not to copy and implement the design without consulting the author or any
certified PV professional because this design estimation is valid only for a particular site.

www.renewpowerzone.in Page 1
Site consideration: this design has been done by considering the PV modules & array will be
0
ground-mounted and the site-elevation angle taken 3 .

Cost Estimation: 1MW Solar PV power plant cost estimation has done considering the current
PV market scenario (Sept-Dec 2013), so after few months the cost may vary according the
market.
CAD design & layout: I have not uploaded/attached the CAD design. If anybody interested in
setting up the plant then only contact at the given e-mail ids to get the design file.

Transmission & wheeling losses: Here, in this report, while doing the technical assessment, the
distance from nearest substation to the 1MW solar PV power plant taken within 1.5 KM and so
the wheeling losses considered as 3% of total power transmission. And in the financial
assessment, no wheeling charges have been considered.

Design Criteria: While designing & estimating the technical components & solutions, all the
required/applicable standard design codes have been considered. Mainly the IEC (International
Electrotechnical Commission) Codes, IS codes from BIS have been considered thoroughly.
 Contents
1) Introduction 4
2) Project details 5
3) Location metrological details 6
4) Determination of optimum tilt angle 7
5) Solar power plant overview 8
6) Module selection & sizing 9
7) Inverter selection & sizing 11
8) Transformer selection 12
9) Other protective devices including switch gear details 13
10) Cable sizing & selection 14
11) Civil works details 16
12) Performance analysis & simulation 17
13) Timeline of the project 21
14) Operation & maintenance structure of the plant 22
15) Financial calculation, estimation of NCF, Payback period 23
16) Guide on selection of various components 27
 PROJECT AT A GLANCE

1. Name of the Company. :

2. Regd. Office. : _________DIST

3. Works. : _________Dist.

4. Line of Activity. : 1 MW SOLAR Power plant

5. Sector. : Large Scale

6. Constitution. : Private Limited

7. Project Cost & Means of Finance. :

(Rs in Lacs)
PROJECT COST AMOUNT MEANS OF FINANCE A
M
O
U
N
T
EPC(, civil works and 709.00 Capital: 80.50
equipment)
Deposits 80.00 Bridge loan from Bank(10% 80.50
on project)
Land and License 8.00 Term loan from NRI 644.00
TOTAL 805.00 TOTAL 805.00

8. Promoters Contribution. : 10.00%

9. Debt/Equity. 4:1

10. Installed Capacity. : 1 MW

Brief History of Project

Introduction:
XXX SOLAR ENERGY PVT LTD consists of 5 acres of land with a capacity to host over 1
megawatts of solar power plant.  The Solar Project is divided into plots providing necessary
infrastructure such as smart power evacuation facilities, approach and internal roads, water supply and
storage, and office buildings.

The above said project is in the process of setting up a 1 MW Solar PV project in the prestigious Solar
Project at Srikakulam Dist.

Location:
Village 
District Srikakulam
State Andhra Pradesh
Latitude
Longitud
e
Solar
Project xxx
plots

Sailent Features:
Project capacity 1 MW
Earmarked Land 5 Acres
Crystalline Silicon / Thin
Technology
Film Modules
Solar Irradiation (GHI) 5.7 kWh/m2/Day
CUF 20%
Performance Ratio 80%
Annual Energy Generation 1.76 BU
Rating of Photovoltaic Modules 250 Watt
No. of Modules required 400, 000
Quantity of Water required to wash modules per day 80000 Ltrs
Wash Cycle 15 days
Size of Invertors 500 KW
No of Invertors 200
Evacuation 11/66 kV Line
Power evacuation upto 500 MW 220 kV Substation
Power evacuation beyond 500 MW 400 k V Substation
Solar power in India

India's solar resource
India is densely populated and has high solar insolation, an ideal combination for using solar power in
India. Moreover, it's other energy resources are relatively scarce. In the solar energy sector, some large
projects have been proposed, and a 35,000 km2 (14,000 sq mi) area of the Thar Desert has been set aside
for solar power projects, sufficient to generate 700 to 2,100 GW.
In July 2009, India unveiled a US$19 billion plan to produce 20 GW of solar power by 2020. Under the plan,
the use of solar-powered equipment and applications would be made compulsory in all government
buildings, as well as hospitals and hotels.[2]In January 2015, the Indian government significantly expanded
its solar plans, targeting US$100 billion of investment and 100 GW of solar capacity by 2022
According to a 2011 report by BRIDGE TO INDIA and GTM Research, India is facing a perfect storm of
factors that will drive solar photovoltaic (PV) adoption at a "furious pace over the next five years and
beyond". The falling prices of PV panels, mostly from China but also from the U.S., has coincided with the
growing cost of grid power in India. Government support and ample solar resources have also helped to
increase solar adoption, but perhaps the biggest factor has been need. India, "as a growing economy with a
surging middle class, is now facing a severe electricity deficit that often runs between 10% and 13% of
daily need". India is planning to install the World's largest Solar Power Plant with 4,000 MW Capacity
near Sambhar Lake inRajasthan.
There are various factors that we need to consider before investing into a solar power plant. A lot of
enthusiasm has been seen among people about the use of Solar Energy as a substitute of conventional
sources of energy. However, currently, with the power subsidies in India, solar works economical only in
those areas that are using diesel generators as a primary source of electricity. The entire payback is made
in 2–3 years. Solar system for petrol pumps is a leading example of such an application. IOCL is leading the
race for solarization of petrol pumps with aggressive targets. Solar applications for petrol pumps by
RelyOn Solar has been installed in more than 150 IOCL petrol pumps across India and now other oil
companies are also looking to solarize their ROs. Solar installations for commercial buildings, where the
electricity rates are higher, are also proving to be a game changer for the owners of IT companies.
On 16 May 2011, India’s first 5 MW of installed capacity solar power project was registered under the
Clean Development Mechanism. The project is in Sivagangai Village,Sivaganga district, Tamil Nadu.

Current status

Installed solar PV

Year Cumulative Capacity (in MW)

2010 161

2011 461

2012 1,205

2013 2,319

2014 2,632

2015 3,744

With about 300 clear, sunny days in a year, India's theoretical solar power reception, on only its land area,
is about 5,000 trillionkilowatt-hours (kWh) per year (or 5 EWh/yr). The daily average solar energy
incident over India varies from 4 to 7 kWh/m 2 with about 1,500–2,000 sunshine hours per year
(depending upon location), which is far more than current total energy consumption. For example,
assuming the efficiency of PV modules were as low as 10%, this would still be a thousand times greater
than the domestic electricity demand projected for 2015.
The amount of solar energy produced in India in 2007 was less than 1% of the total energy demand.  The
grid-connected solar power as of December 2010 was merely 10 MW  Government-funded solar energy in
India only accounted for approximately 6.4 MW-yrs of power as of 2005. However, India is ranked number
one in terms of solar energy production per watt installed, with an insolation of 1,700 to 1,900 kilowatt
hours per kilowatt peak (kWh/KWp). 25.1 MW was added in 2010 and 468.3 MW in 2011. By end March
2015, the installed grid connected solar power capacity is 3,744 MW, and India expects to install an
additional 10,000 MW by 2017, and a total of 100,000 MW by 2022.

India's largest photovoltaic (PV) power plants

DC
Peak GW·h Capacity
Name of Plant Notes
Power /year[18] factor
(MW)

DonBosco,Kurla, Omega Natural Commissioned

0.1    
Polarity (ONP) Mumbai-Maharashtra December 2014
India's largest photovoltaic (PV) power plants

DC
Peak GW·h Capacity
Name of Plant Notes
Power /year[18] factor
(MW)

Charanka Solar Park - Charanka Commissioned April

221    
village, Patan district, Gujarat  2012

Welspun Solar MP project 151 MW

Commissioned February
Neemuch Solar Plant - 151    
2014
Neemuch,Madhya Pradesh 

Mahagenco 125 MW Solar Commissioned March

125    
Project- Maharashtra 2013

Green Energy Development

50     Commissioned 2014
Corporation Ltd (GEDCOL) - Odisha 

Tata Power Solar Systems Ltd (TPS) -

Commissioned March,
50 MW NTPC - Rajgarh,Madhya 50    
2014
Pradesh 

Welspun Energy 50MW Rajasthan Commissioned March

50    
Solar Project - Phalodhi, Rajasthan 2013

Green Energy Development

48     Commissioned 2014
Corporation Ltd (GEDCOL) - Odisha 

Bitta Solar Power Plant (Adani

Commissioned January
Power) - Bitta, Kutch District, 40    
2012
Gujarat [
India's largest photovoltaic (PV) power plants

DC
Peak GW·h Capacity
Name of Plant Notes
Power /year[18] factor
(MW)

Dhirubhai Ambani Solar Park, Commissioned in April

40    
Pokhran, Rajasthan  2012

Commissioned October
Moser Baer - Patan, Gujarat 30    
2011

Mithapur Solar Power Plant (Tata Commissioned 25

25    
Power) - Mithapur, Gujarat  January 2012

Green Energy Development

20     Commissioned 2014
Corporation Ltd (GEDCOL) - Odisha 

Vivaan Solar - Madhya Pradesh 15     Commissioned 2014

Sunark Solar - Odisha 10     Commissioned 2011

NTPC Limited - Odisha 10     Commissioned 2014

Raajratna Energy Holdings - Bolangir

10     Commissioned 2011
Solar Power Project - Odisha

Commissioned June
Azure Power - Sabarkantha, Khadoda 2011, 63 acres, using
10    
village, Gujarat  36,000 Suntech Power
panels.[31]
India's largest photovoltaic (PV) power plants

DC
Peak GW·h Capacity
Name of Plant Notes
Power /year[18] factor
(MW)

Green Infra Solar Energy Commissioned

10    
Limited - Rajkot, Gujarat  November 2011

Waa Solar Power Plant (Madhav Commissioned

10    
Power) - Surendranagar, Gujarat December 2011

Tata Patapur - Odisha 9     Commissioned 2012

Skygen Infrabuild - Odisha 5     Commissioned 2011

Konark Kranti Energy - Odisha 5     Commissioned 2011

Mahindra & Mahindra Solar Completed in January

5    
Plant, Jodhpur, Rajasthan 2012

Sivaganga Photovoltaic Plant, Tamil Completed December

5    
Nadu 2010

Citra and Sepset Power Plants, Katol, Commissioned October

4    
Maharashtra 2011

Sunark Solar - Odisha 3     Commissioned 2011

Abacus Holdings - Odisha 3     Commissioned 2011

Orion Solar - Odisha 3     Commissioned 2011

India's largest photovoltaic (PV) power plants

DC
Peak GW·h Capacity
Name of Plant Notes
Power /year[18] factor
(MW)

Skygen Infrabuild - Odisha 3     Commissioned 2011

Commissioned 26
IIT Bombay - Gwal Pahari, Haryana  3    
September 2011

Itnal Photovoltaic Plant, Belgaum,
3     Completed April 2010
Karnataka 

Kolar Photovoltaic Plant, Yalesandra,

3     Completed May 2010
Kolar District, Karnataka 

Commissioned April
Tata Power - Mulshi, Maharashtra  3    
2011

Tata Power Solar- Murugan Textiles,

2     August 2014
Palladam, Tamil Nadu 

Azure Power - Ahwan Photovoltaic

2     December 2009
Plant, Punjab [32][43]

Jamuria Photovoltaic Plant, West

2     August 2009
Bengal

TAL Solar Power Plant Commissioned January

2    
- Barabanki, Uttar Pradesh  2012
India's largest photovoltaic (PV) power plants

DC
Peak GW·h Capacity
Name of Plant Notes
Power /year[18] factor
(MW)

Omega Renk Bearings Pvt. Ltd. Solar

1.5     Commissioned 2013
Plant - Madhya Pradesh

M G M Minerals - Odisha 1     Commissioned 2010

Raajratna Energy Holdings - Odisha 1     Commissioned 2011

Tata Power - Odisha 1     Commissioned 2011

Amruth Solar Power Plant Commissioned March

1    
- Kadiri, Andhra Pradesh 2012

India's First plant

B&G Solar Pvt Ltd Commissioned under
1    
- Mayiladuthurai, Tamil Nadu  JNNSM scheme 10 June
2011

Gandhinagar Solar Plant, Gujarat  1     21 January 2011

NDPC Photovoltaic Plant, Delhi  1     2010

Numeric Power Systems, Coimbatore, Commissioned February

1    
Tamil Nadu  2012

Rasna Marketing Services Completed in December

1    
LLP, Ahmedabad, Gujarat  2011
India's largest photovoltaic (PV) power plants

DC
Peak GW·h Capacity
Name of Plant Notes
Power /year[18] factor
(MW)

Solid Solar by Gautam Polymers,

1    
Delhi, Haryana, UP, Tamil Nadu

Commissioned 1 August
Tata Power - Osmanabad, Maharastra 1    
2011

Urja Global Limited - Jharkhand, Commissioned 1 August

1    
Delhi  2012

Thyagaraj stadium Plant - Delhi  1     April 2010

Zynergy, Vannankulam village,

Commissioned January
Peraiyur, Madurai district, Tamil 1    
2012
Nadu

Commissioned 15
Chandraleela Power Energy - Narnaul, January 2012, (EPC by
0.8    
Haryana  Aryav Green Energy
Solutions Pvt. Ltd.)

State MWp  % Ref

Andhra Pradesh 127.85 4.00

Chhattisgarh 4.0 0.30

Delhi 2.5 0.19

State MWp  % Ref

Gujarat 654.8 49.90

Haryana 7.8 0.59

Jharkhand 4.0 0.30

Karnataka 9.0 0.69

Madhya Pradesh 132.0 9.15

Maharashtra 20.0 1.38

Odisha 13.0 0.99

Punjab 9.0 0.69

[59]
Rajasthan 510.25 38.89

Tamil Nadu 15.0 1.14

Telangana 1.0 0.08

Uttar Pradesh 12.0 0.91

Uttarakhand 5.0 0.38

West Bengal 2.0 0.15

 State MWp  % Ref

[17][60]
Total 1442.10 100

Solar power in Andhra Pradesh

The installed capacity is 128 MW as on February 2015. During the year 2014,  APTransCo has entered in to
agreements with IPPs to install 619 MW. NTPC also entered in to agreement in the year 2015 with
APTransCo to install 250 MW plant (first phase of the 1,000-Mw ultra solar power project) in the
economically backward Anantapur district.

Solar power in Gujarat

Gujarat has been a leader in solar power generation and contributes 2/3rd of the 900 MW
of photovoltaics in the country.The State has commissioned Asia’s biggest solar park at Charanka village.
The park is already generating 2 MW solar power out of its total planned capacity of 500 MW. The park has
been functioning on a multi-developers and multi-beneficiaries paradigm and has been awarded for being
the most innovative and environment-friendly project by the CII.
With a view to make Gandhinagar a solar city, the State government has launched a roof-top solar power
generation scheme. Under this scheme, the State plans to generate five megawatt of solar power by putting
solar panels on about 50 state government buildings and on 500 private buildings. The State has also a plan
to emulate this project in Rajkot,Surat, Bhavnagar and Vadodara in 2012-13.
The State plans to generate solar power by putting solar panels on the Narmada canal branches. As a part
of this scheme, the State has already commissioned a one megawatt solar plant on a branch of the  Narmada
Canal near Chandrasan area of Anand taluka. This also helps by stopping 90,000 liter water/year of the
Narmada river from evaporating.

Solar power in Rajasthan

Rajasthan is one of the states of India in the field of solar energy. The total photovoltaic capacity has passed
500 MW, reaching 510.25 MW at the end of the 2012-13 fiscal year. The district of Jodhpur leads with 42
projects totalling 293 MW, followed by Jaisalmer and Bikaner. In total there were 84 projects with installed
capacity of 512.9. The French group AREVA solar is currently engaged in constructing a 250 MW
concentrated solar power (CSP) installation which will become the largest CSP installation in Asia. A
4,000MW Ultra Mega Green Solar Power Project (UMPP) is being built near Sambhar Lake in Rajasthan.
Upon Completion, it would be world's largest Solar Power Plant. It is expected to be built in 4 phases, with
the first phase likely to be commissioned by the end of 2016 with 1,000 MW capacity. The total cost of each
phase of the project is estimated to be  70 billion (US$1.1 billion) and the entire project is expected to be
completed in 7 years. The present Prime Minister Narendra Modi has put great emphasis on solar projects
and is inviting FDI in this sector.

Solar power in Maharashtra

The Shri Sai Baba Sansthan Trust has the world's largest solar steam system. It was constructed at the
Shirdi shrine at an estimated cost of Rs.1.33 crore, Rs.58.4 lakh of which was paid as a subsidy by the
renewable energy ministry. The system is used to cook 50,000 meals per day for pilgrims visiting the
shrine, resulting in annual savings of 100,000 kg of cooking gas and has been designed to generate steam
for cooking even in the absence of electricity to run the feed water pump for circulating water in the
system. The project to install and commission the system was completed in seven months and the system
has a design life of 25 years. Osmanabad region in Maharashtra has been blessed with abundance of
sunlight and is ranked the third best region in India in terms of solar insolation. A 10 MW solar power plant
in Osmanabad, Maharashtra byRelyOn Solar, generates approximately 18 Lac units per MW which is the
highest generation in Maharashtra by any other solar power plant. This plant was commissioned in 2013
and the records of one complete year are available. 

Solar power in Madhya Pradesh

The Welspun Solar MP project, the largest solar power plant in India set up at a cost of Rs. 1,100 crore on
305 hectares of land, will supply power at Rs. 8.05 a kWh. The project of a 130MW solar power plant at
Bhagwanpur in Neemuch was launched by Gujarat chief Minister, Narendra Modi.
“Ujaas Energy Limited , an Indore based company which is listed on BSE /NSE . It has installed over 105
MWs in five solar parks viz. , Rajgarh , Barod, Ichchhawar , Rojhani and Susner , in Madhya Pradesh . The
company is proud to be backed by Mr Amitabh Bachhcan who holds 1.6 % stake according to latest filing.
Ujaas is the pioneer of solar REC Mechanism in India". Apart from company’s innovative PLUG & PLAY
Ujaas Park model where it provides an end to end solution to the investors, the company has also done
substantial solar roof top installations in Chennai, UP,AP,( Noida,Greater Noida )Delhi/NCR region etc...
under the allocation from SECI-Phase-II and under JNNSM.
Ujaas has ranked at No 2 as India’s Fastest Growing Company by a renowned magazine on Renewable
Energy, Business World .
The company has made it onto prestigious Forbes Asia's 200 Best Under a Billion dollar Companies list.”.
Vivaan Solar, Gwalior based company started in Aug 2012 owns 45MW of solar park capacity in Madhya
Pradesh. The plant is located in Kadodiya Village, Ujjain district. The company has also stepped forward in
providing rooftop solar solutions for homes and business users.
There is an upcoming 750 MW solar power plant project in Madhya Pradesh in the district of Rewa which,
when completed, will be the world's largest solar power plant, backing the Desert Sunlight project in
California.

Applications
Rural electrification
Lack of electricity infrastructure is one of the main hurdles in the development of rural India. India's grid
system is considerably under-developed, with major sections of its populace still surviving off-grid. As of
2004 there are about 80,000 unelectrified villages in the country. Of these villages, 18,000 could not be
electrified through extension of the conventional grid. A target for electrifying 5,000 such villages was set
for the Tenth National Five Year Plan (2002–2007). As of 2004, more than 2,700 villages and hamlets had
been electrified, mainly using solar photovoltaic systems. Developments in cheap solar technology are
considered as a potential alternative that allows an electricity infrastructure consisting of a network of
local-grid clusters with distributed electricity generation. It could allow bypassing (or at least relieving) the
need to install expensive, lossy, long-distance, centralized power delivery systems and yet bring cheap
electricity to the masses.
India currently has around 1.2 million solar home lighting systems and 3.2 million solar lanterns
sold/distributed. Also, India has been ranked the number one market in Asia for solar off-grid products.
Projects currently planned include 3,000 villages of Orissa, which will be lighted with solar power by 2014.
Solar lamps and lighting
By 2012, a total of 4,600,000 solar lanterns and 861,654 solar powered home lights had been installed.
These typically replace kerosene lamps and can be purchased for the cost of a few months worth of
kerosene through a small loan. The Ministry of New and Renewable Energy is offering a 30% to 40%
subsidy for the cost of lanterns, home lights and small systems up to 210 Wp. 20 million solar lamps are
expected by 2022.
Agricultural support
Solar PV water pumping systems are used for irrigation and drinking water. The majority of the pumps are
fitted with a 200–3,000 watt motor that are powered with 1,800 Wp PV array which can deliver about
140,000 litres (37,000 US gal) of water per day from a total head of 10 metres (33 ft). By 30 September
2006, a total of 7,068 solar PV water pumping systems had been installed, and by March 2012, 7,771 had
been installed.
Solar driers are used to dry harvests before storage.
Solar water heaters
Bangalore has the largest deployment of roof top solar water heaters in India. These heaters generate an
energy equivalent of 200 MW.
Bangalore is also the first city in the country to put in place an incentive mechanism by providing a rebate
of  50 (79¢ US) on monthly electricity bills for residents using roof-top thermal systems. These systems are
now mandatory for all new structures.
Pune has also recently made installation of solar water heaters in new buildings mandatory.

Challenges and opportunities

Price history of silicon PV cells since 1977. The great thing about solar power is that it is a technology and
not a fuel. It is unlimited and the more it is deployed the cheaper it would be. While the more limited fossil
fuels are used, the more expensive they become.
Land is a scarce resource in India and per capita land availability is low. Dedication of land area for
exclusive installation of solar arrays might have to compete with other necessities that require land. The
amount of land required for utility-scale solar power plants — currently approximately 1 km2 (250 acres)
for every 20–60 MW generated — could pose a strain on India's available land resource. The architecture
more suitable for most of India would be a highly distributed set of individual rooftop power generation
systems, all connected via a local grid. However, erecting such an infrastructure, which does not enjoy the
economies of scale possible in mass, utility-scale, solar panel deployment, needs the market price of solar
technology deployment to substantially decline, so that it attracts the individual and average family size
household consumer. That might be possible in the future, because PV is projected to continue its current
cost reductions for the next decades and be able to compete with fossil fuel. Government can provide
subsidies for the production of PV panels, in which there will be reduction in the market price and this can
lead to more usage of solar power in India. In the past three years, solar-generation costs here have
dropped from around  18 (29¢ US) a kWh to about  7 (11¢ US) a kWh, whereas power from imported coal
and domestically-produced natural gas currently costs around  4.5 (7.1¢ US) a kWh and it is increasing
with time. Experts believe that ultra mega solar power plants like the upcoming world’s largest 4,000 MW
UMPP in Rajasthan, would be able to produce power for around  5 (7.9¢ US) a kWh.
Some noted think-tanks recommend that India should adopt a policy of developing solar power as a
dominant component of the renewable energy mix, since being adensely populated region in the sunny
tropical belt, the subcontinent has the ideal combination of both high solar insolation and therefore a big
potential consumer base density. In one of the analysed scenarios, India can make renewable resources
such as solar the backbone of its economy by 2050, reining in its long-term carbon emissions without
compromising its economic growth potential.

Government support
Solar Radiation Resource Assessment stations in India
51 Solar Radiation Resource Assessment stations have been installed across India by the Ministry of New
and Renewable Energy (MNRE) to monitor the availability of solar energy. Data is collected and reported to
the Centre for Wind Energy Technology (C-WET), in order to create a Solar Atlas.
The government of India is promoting the use of solar energy through various strategies. In the latest
budget for 2010/11, the government has announced an allocation of 1000 crore towards the Jawaharlal
Nehru National Solar Mission and the establishment of a clean energy fund. It is an increase of 380 crore
from the previous budget. This new budget has also encouraged private solar companies by reducing
customs duty on solar panels by 5% and exempting excise duty on solar photovoltaic panels. This is
expected to reduce the cost of a roof-top solar panel installation by 15–20%. The budget also proposed a
coal tax of US$1 per metric ton on domestic and imported coal used for power generation. Additionally, the
government has initiated a Renewable Energy Certificate (REC) scheme, which is designed to drive
investment in low-carbon energy projects.
Timeline of the Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission
The Ministry of New and Renewable Energy provides 70 percent subsidy on the installation cost of a solar
photovoltaic power plant in North-East states and 30 percentage subsidy on other regions. The detailed
outlay of the National Solar Mission highlights various targets set by the government to increase solar
energy in the country's energy portfolio.
The Mysore City Corporation has decided to set up a mega Solar power plant in Mysorewith 50%
concession from the Government of India.]
The Maharashtra State Power Generation Company (Mahagenco) has made plans for setting up more
power plants in the state to take up total generation up to 200 MW.]
Delhi Metro Rail Corporation plans to install rooftop solar power plants at Anand Vihar and Pragati
Maidan Metro stations and its residential complex at Pushp Vihar.
Reeling under an acute power crises, the Government of Tamil Nadu has recently unveiled its new Solar
Energy Policy which aims at increasing the installed solar capacity from the current approximate of 20 MW
to over 3000 MW by 2015. The policy aims at fixing a 6% solar energy requirement on industries and
residential buildings for which incentives in the form of tax rebates and current tariff rebates of up to
Rs.1 / unit will be applicable to those who comply with the Solar Energy Policy. The policy also gives an
option to those industries/buildings who do not want to install rooftop solar photo-voltaic systems to
invest in the government's policy and be given the same incentives as explained above.

Statistics
Installed PV capacity (in MW)

Year Total Yearly

End Capacity Installation

2010 161

2011 461 300

2012 1,205 744

2013 2,319 1,114

March-2014 2,632 313

 March-2015 3,744 1112

India is densely populated and has high solar insolation, an ideal combination for using solar power in India.
India is already a leader in wind power generation. In the solar energy sector, some large projects have been
proposed, and a 35,000 km2 area of the Thar Desert has been set aside for solar power projects, sufficient to
generate 700 GW to 2,100 GW. Also India's Ministry of New and Renewable Energy has released the JNNSM
Phase 2 Draft Policy, by which the Government aims to install 10GW of Solar Power and of this 10 GW target, 4
GW would fall under the central scheme and the remaining 6 GW under various State specific schemes.

The Electricity Act, 2003, paves way for an innovative approach to solve our country’s power problems. It has
paved the way for a competitive environment; open access to existing transmission and distribution network to
transmit electricity across regions; de-licensing of generation, captive power and dedicated transmission lines;
licensing of distribution and supply companies and the restructuring of State Electricity Boards.

The Ministry of Power has mandated to promote cogeneration and renewable sources for Power generation
under Nodal agencies and hence it will play a major role in mainstreaming renewable energy sector. The
advantage or renewable resources includes their capacity to produce energy without producing carbon-based
warming and polluting agents into the atmosphere. The financial cost of its applications is not always cheap but
if the environmental costs of using fossil are accounted for, renewable energy wins hands-down. There are also
indirect savings on health and its costs as there are no harmful emissions.

In the above backdrop, Jeevandhara Solar Power has decided to set up a 1/1000 MW/KW Solar Power Plant.
This Detailed Project Report (DPR) brings out all technical details and overall costs justifying the selection of the
project. The total power generation is envisaged to be 1050KW from Solar Photovoltaic Cell. It is a very
important document that is required for Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) studies, fixation of tariff,
finalizing Power Purchase Agreement (PPA) and also for submission to Financial Institutions for obtaining project
funding. The total project cost is expected to be RS. 709.00 Lakhs and the average cost of generation is
expected to be Rs. 7.5/kWh (ASSUMED).
rd
For this project, poly-crystalline technology based 3 generation Solar PV modules will be used. Along with this,
highly efficient, photon-tested string inverters going to be integrated to the system. These technologies are the
best in the industry. So, It’s clear that our project is not compromising with the quality of the materials and or
the components which obviously led this project to success.
 Client’ details
Country India
Location SRIKAKULAM DIST
Contact id ABC@XYZ.COM
Contact Person abc
Company ABCXYZ
Purpose Power generation &
distribution to State utility

Site & Meteo Details Project Details

Location coordinates 10.5, 78.5 (assumed) Type of installation Ground-mounted
Estimated array peak 1100KWp
Ambient 28.5 27.2 25.5
0 power
Temperature(
Relative humidity 72.5%
2 Shading consideration Shade-free
Daily Solar 5.19 KWh/m /day
irradiation- Grid voltage 11KV
Atmospheric Pressure 100.1 kPA
Phase connection 3-phase
Wind Speed 2.7 m/s Grid frequency 50Hz
Earth temperature Ma Averag Min 2
29.6 28.8 26. Available/required area 20000 m (apprx)
Height from sea level 10m 4 Safety level IP65

Site Location/Layout
 Solar
7 Irradiation
6
KWh/m2/day

5 Solar
Irradiation
4

3
Air & earth temperature-
1 monthly
3
0

2
9
Air temperature
2
earth
8
temperature
2
2
6
7
2
5

2
4

2
3
 Optimum Tilt Angles For Solar PV Array Adjusted by Months
Jan Feb Mar Apr Ma Jun
34° 26° 13° 0° 11° 14°

Jul Au Sep Oct No Dec

12° 5° 6° 19° 29° 35°

Figures shown in degrees from vertical

Winter Spring/Autum Summer

n

80° 104°
56° angle
angle angle

On the 21st December, the sun will rise 87° east of due south and set 87° west of due south.
On the 21st March/21st September, the sun will rise 91° east of due south and set 91° west of due south.
On the 21st June, the sun will rise 95° east of due south and set 95° west of due south.

Irradiation Data on different tilt angles (respect to horizontal surface, KWh/m2/day)

0 0 0
Months 10 25 12
January 5.04 5.35 5.41
February 5.98 6.16 6.16
March 6.51 6.41 6.52
April 5.76 5.39 5.85
May 5.78 5.65 5.78
June 5.28 5.22 5.29
July 4.99 4.9 4.99
August 5.09 4.9 5.1
September 5.33 5.14 5.34
October 4.67 4.69 4.71
November 4.27 4.44 4.45
December 4.5 4.78 4.84
Annual avg. 5.26 5.25 5.36
0
* Here, 12 angle at AM1.5 has been chosen as fixed south faced model for the project
 Solar PV System Design

System Overview
SPV Array Peak Power 1082KWp
No. of SPV strings 206
Connection of PV modules in each string Series
Inverter 20KW MPPT based 3 phase string Inverter
Inverter Type/Topology MPPT & Transformer Less
Total no. of Inverters 53
Strings/Inverter 4/1

Modular Components

Components Specification Quantity Make

Solar PV modules Max Peak 4326
Power=250Wp Voc=
36V ;Vmp= 29V Isc=
Non-Modular Components
Components Electrical Specification Quantity Make
Inverters 20KW, 3Phase &MPPT; 53
Vmax= 800V
Transformer 1250KVA 1
SCADA/Monitori Integrated with Remote 1
ng System Monitoring system web
Circuit Breaker Inverter to Busbar= 46A 53
3p; busbar/Panel box to 1
transformer= 1600A 3p;
DC Disconnect 1000V,20Amps 206
Switch Gear Rated voltage=12KV; 1
Rated main busbar
current(Max)=1250
A;
SC withstand capacity =
Distribution Panel NA 1
Isolator Vmax= 12KV; 1
Max cont. current=1250A
2
Cables DC Side= 10 mm
2
AC Side=LT: 16mm &
2
HT: 185mm
 Solar PV Module Specification & Array Sizing Details
Required Electrical Characteristics of SPV Modules

Design criteria IEC-61853-1

Watt Peak 250Wp
VOC 37.20V Required Operating Condition Details:
VMPP Maximum 1000V
30.10V System
ISC 8.87A Maximum Fuse 15A
IMPP Rating
8.30A Limiting Reverse 15A
Module 15% Current
0
Operating (-10 to 60) C
Efficiency/module
Temp Range
Power Tolerance ±2% Max Static 5500PA
Technology Si-Poly Load-
Max Static 2500PA
No. of cells 60 cells in series Load-
Model design parameters
R shunt250 ohm
Required Temperature Co-efficient Characteristics
@ STC R shunt (G=0)2100 ohm
o o
NOCT ( C) 45 ± 2 C
R series model0.29 ohm
Module Efficiency -0.07 ± 0.01
Temp.
o
Co-Eff. Of Pmax -0.43 ± 0.05 R series max0.37 ohm R series apparent0.47 ohm
(%/ C)
Temp. Co-Eff. Of Voc -0.34 ± 0.05
o
Temp Co-Eff. of Isc (%/ C) 0.065± 0.05

PV Module Behavior at different irradiance level

2 2 2
PV Parameters @ 1000W/m @800 W/m @ 400 W/m
PMPP 249.8.2W 200.6 W 100.00
VOC 37.2V 36.8 V 35.8V
VMPP 30.1V 30.2 V 30.1V
ISC 8.87A 6.64A 3.55A
IMPP 8.31A 7.10A 3.33A
Module efficiency 15.54% 15.32% 15.27%
0 0 0
Temperature co-eff -0.43%/ C -0.43%/ C -0.44%/ C
Solar PV Array Sizing & Connection Details
0 0
conditions At STC (25 C) At Avg. Ambient temp. (28 C)
Suggested array Size 1100 KWp 1100KWp
Actual Solar PV Array Size 1082KWp 1100KWp
Watt Peak of each SPV module 250Wp 263Wp
Total nos. of SPV 4326 4326
module required
Total nos. of strings 206 206
Nos. of SPV modules in 21 21
each string
SPV connection in each string Series Series
String voltage (VMPP) 609V 630V
String current (ISC / IMPP) 8.87A/8.3A 9.51A/8.82A
Connection of strings Parallel Parallel
Array voltage (VOC / VMPP) 780V/635V 750V/620V
Array current (ISC / IMPP) 1830A/1710A 1960A/1816A

www.renewpowerzone.in Page 10
 Detail Solar Inverter Specification & Design Details

Inverter Type String Inverter (MPPT)

Quantity 53
INPUT (DC)
Max. Power 23KW
Max absolute Input Voltage 1000V
Start Voltage 350V
Nominal MPP voltage range 490V-800V
Max Input Current per string 41.5A
Nos. of Independent MPP 1/6
inputs/strings per MPP inputs
OUTPUT (AC)
Rated Output Power 20000W
Max. Apparent AC Power 20000VA
Power Threshold 20W
Nominal AC Voltage/range 3/N/PE;230/460V
AC Power Frequency/ range 50Hz
Max. output current 3x29A
Power factor at rated power 1
Feed-In phases/connection phases 3/3
Efficiency
Max. Efficiency 98.7%
Protection Details
DC Disconnect Available
DC Surge Arrester Available
Protection Class I (as per IEC 62103)
Total harmonic distortion <1.8%
◦ ◦
Operating Temperature range -25 -60 C
Noise Emission <35dB
Self Consumption <25W
Cooling option Forced Air-cooled
Protection type IP65 (as per En 60529)
Remote Monitoring System With RS-485/Ethernet
User Interference & Communication
Electrically Isolated relay output Available
Status Display Available
Inverter to inverter communication Available
Anti-islanding protection Available
Inverter connection details
Total nos. of inverter 53
Nos. of strings per inverter 4
Connection of strings/inverter Parallel
Inter-inverter connection Parallel into Cu busbar
Inter-Inverter isolator Provided
Transformer Sizing
Design Criteria IS-2026 / IEC-60076
Transformer type Power transformer, core type with oil-
0
immersed ; 65 C winding temp rise
Cooling type ONAN(Oil Natural Air Natural)
Rated KVA 1250KVA
High Voltage rating 11000V
Low Voltage Rating 460V
Nominal impedance 4.7%
Impedance tolerance 7.5%
Nominal secondary amps 1250A
Max SC withstand current 20KA/3s
HV connection DELTA
LV connection Wye
Operating frequency 50Hz
Tap changer ±5% of full load capacity

Protective devices
components Specification Quantity
DC Disconnects String to inverter= 1000V, 15A; 2 pole 206
(As per IEC-60947)
Switch gear Rated voltage=12KV; 1
Rated main busbar
current(Max)=1250A; SC withstand
capacity = 25KA/3s Dynamic capacity=
50KA
Circuit breakers (MCCB) IP55
Inverter to Busbar= 60A 3p; 53
(NOT required if Inverter has busbar/Panel box to transformer= A 1
inbuilt protection) 3p;

Main Isolator (HT side)

Design criteria IS-9921/IEC-
129
Operating frequency 50hz ±3% Rated peak withstand 63.5KA
current (KA peak/rms)
To earth Across the
Nominal system voltage 11KV 1.2/50 micro sec and isolating
lighting withstand isolating distances
poles
Volts (KV peak) 170 195
To earth Across the
Max system voltage 12KV Rated 1 minute and isolating
power frequency isolating
75 distances
85
withstand
Max continuous current 2500A No. of poles 3
Rated SC current for 3s 40KA Min creepage distance 320mm

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 Cable Sizing

DC Side Cables (strings to inverter)

Design criteria IEC-60811 & IEC-60216
Cable material Copper
Single cable length per string to inverter 70 ft
2
Cross section per string 4 mm
Voltage drop 0.18V
Relative power loss reference to Max DC power 0.07%
Max withstand temp. Normal condition Short-
circuited
0 0
90 C 250 C
Max withstand current capacity 42KA/1sec
Conductor type Stranded
Insulation material XLPE
LT Cables (Inverters to busbur/distribution panel)
Design criteria IEC-60228 & IEC-60811
Cable material Copper
Max Single cable length per inverter to panel box 60 ft
2
Cross section 16 mm
Voltage drop (3phase) 0.46V
Relative power loss reference to Max AC 0.23%
nominal power
Max withstand temp Normal condition Short-
circuited
0 0
90 C 250 C
Max withstand current capacity 2KA/1sec
Conductor type Stranded
Insulation PVC
HT Cables (from distribution panel to feed-in point)
Design criteria IEC-60502
Cable material Al
Cable length from distribution panel to 25 ft
feed- in point
2
Cross section 185mm
Voltage drop (total) L1 1.37V
L2 1.37V
L3 1.37V
Relative power loss reference to Max 0.57%
AC power
Voltage grade 11KV(UE), heavy duty
SC withstand current capacity 26KA @1s
Insulation XLPE

www.renewpowerzone.in Page 13
 Line Losses
DC Side AC Side Total
Total cable length 8120 ft 3070 ft 11180 ft
2 2 2 2 2
Cable cross section 4 mm 16 mm +185 mm 4 mm +16 mm
+185
2
Power loss @ 35 KW 5 KW mm
40KW
nominal operation
Relative power loss 0.07% 0.76% 0.83%
@ nominal

Busbar constructional Analysis

Busbar material Main busbar Auxilury
busbar
Al alloy Copper
E91 E
Busbar insulation Fully insulated
Busbar length Main Aux
3.5mt 0.75mt x 52
Earthing bus materials GS (IEEE std. 80/IEC-60439-1)

Earthing & Lighting Protection

Design Criteria IEEE Standard-80
Grounding System Earth grid resistance Less than 10 ohm
Placing of Earth Pit
earth
Earth Electrode sizing electrode
Physical Parameters Heavy duty GI pipes, 32mm dia, 3mt long
Material Galvanized Steel(GS), flat type
Min depth of earth pit 600mm
Components grounding Min 75x10mm GS strip
Lightning Protection
Design criteria As per IEC-62305
Placing On the highest panel of array
Dimension 40mm dia with 3m height (vertical
air termination)

Page 14
 CIVIL WORKS
Live Loads estimation of control room + admin building (as per IS 875:1987)
parameters details Remarks
2
Roof load 1750 kg/ m As per IS-456
2
Ground floor Control 18000kg/m As per IS-456
2
load Office 5000kg/ m IS-456
2
Piping load 50 kg/ m As per IS-456
2
Electrical + HVAC 26 kg/ m As per IS-456
Seismic load As per IS-456
Roof drainage
Roof drain heads 6
Construction details
Interwall
Cement : Sand 1:6
Interwall 230mm
Parapet walls
Cement : Sand 1:4
thickness 115mm
Steel work Reinforced bars will be
provided as per IS
800:2007

PV Array mounting & constructional details

0 2
PV tilted angle (optimized) 13 (@1070 W/m /day)
Mounting type Ground mounted
Overall dimension As per design
Foundation Plain cement concrete (PCC)
Foundation grade 1:5:10
Wind load 9.72 Km/hr
Fixing type SS 304 fasteners

Total Land required 5 acres

 System Performance Analysis & Simulation

Solar Paths at site on monthly basis Reference Incident energy in collector

plane

Normalized production per installed KWp

Performance Ratio (PR) Normalized Production & Loss factor

Daily System Output SPV Array Power Distribution

Energy
www.renewpowerzone.in Page 18
 Overall Power plant performance Summery
Total no. of PV modules 4326 (250Wp)
Total nos. of Inverters 53 (20KW)
Max DC input per Inverter 21KW
Nominal PV power 1082 KWp
Max. PV power output 1027 KWdc
Nominal AC power 1060KWac
Max operating power @ STC 962KWac
Max operating power @Ambient Temp. 1027KWac
Plant production 1655 MWh/year
Specific production 1526KWh/KWp/year
Normalized production 4.2 kWh/KWp/day
Array losses 0.87 KWh/Kp/day
Overall losses 0.22 KWh/KWp/day
Performance ratio 0.80

www.renewpowerzone.in Page 19
 Time line of the project

•Preparation of design & estimation of the plant

•15 working days required.
Design

•As per design requirement, proper land selection & acquisition processed.
Land •Time required 1 month
acquisition

•Power Purchase Agreement(PPA) with private power purchaser need to be finalized at a feasible rate.
•Required time is 15 working days
PPA

•Preparation of Detailed Project Report including technical feasibility of the project prepared.
•Time required 6 working days.
DPR

•Arrangement of finance/fund for the project from nationalized or private financing agency with significant interest rate
and equity share will be finalized.
finance •Required time for this stage is 1 month.

•After finalizing PPA and arrangement of fund for the project, procurement work starts including preparation & finalizing of
vendor selection, BOM, BOQ, order placing, follow-ups of delivery to site/warehouse.
procurement •Estimated time for this step is 1 month.

•After the processing of procurement, first civil construction at the site starts for PV mounting structure set-up and
control-room, administrative building. Finishing the civil works, PV installation & all electrical construction works including
the Grid Evacuation will be processed.
constructio n •Estimated time for this whole work is 2 months.

•Commissioning of the plant by authorized govt. body or certified 3rd party will be done followed by Completion of project
execution.
commissio n •required time for this step is 6 working days.
ing

www.renewpowerzone.in Page 20
 Operation & Maintenance of Plant
Why do we need an O&M for Solar PV power plant?
As every plant needs a regular maintenance work to make it functional & in well-condition, so
in this case also, a PV power plant also requires a sound & efficient operation & management
team to perform all the work after plant commissioning.
A detailed structure of O&M team has been provided here in a hierarchy model to
demonstrate in a simpler way.

operation
Plant
manager
manager

maintenanc
Maintenance Supply chain Accounts
e
engineer(E&IE executive executiv
Engineer
) e
(Mech)

control room
Technician Technician Skilled labour1 skilled labour2
technician
1 2

skilled labour1 skilled labour2

 Financial Analysis & feasibility
Initial Investment in terms of components’ cost & service charges

Sl. Components/services Total Remarks

No. cost (in
1. Solar PV modules 38,000,000 34 Rs./Watt peak
2. Solar inverters 11,660,000 11 Rs./Watt peak
3. Transformer 2,940,000 From international vendor
4. Protective devices 1,200,000 From international vendor
5. Wires/Cables 1,000,000 Considering IEC codes &
ISO certified
6. SCADA/RMS 1,000,000
7. Project execution & 2,000,000
8. Construction works 4,000,000
9. Grid evacuation 1,000,000 Assumed because of
(assumed) having no sufficient data
10. Other official works 1,000,000 Subject to change as
per rules
Total Project investment 6,38,00,000 INR

Total expenses over the year for plant O&M and staffing = 2,000,000
This expense is considered for regular maintenance cleaning of PV array, checking the status of
inverter, cable-fault checking, emergency maintenance & replacement of components and
annual salaries of O&M team of the plant.

Loan Interest rate is @12% over 70% of total project cost which shall be completed within next
7 years (the rest 30% as equity shares).

Estimated time period 7 years 10 years

Total Loan amount 49,630,000 49,630,000
Interest rate 12% 12%
EMI 876,110 712,050
Monthly interest 285,270 298,460
total Interest paid 23,962,830 35,815,600

*all the amounts are considered in INR currency.

 Detailed Analysis of Installment, EMI, Interest of the 70% project
finance/fund
Sl. Installments EMI Monthly principle Monthly Interest
No.
1 0 0 0 0
)
2 1 876,10 379,80 496,30
)
3 2 5
876,10 5
383,60 0
492,50
)
4 3 5
876,10 3
387,43 2
488,66
)
5 4 5
876,10 9
391,31 6
484,79
)
6 5 5
876,10 4
395,22 2
480,87
)
7 6 5
876,10 7
399,17 8
476,92
)
8 7 5
876,10 9
403,17 6
472,93
)
9 8 5
876,10 1
407,20 4
468,90
)
1 9 5
876,10 3
411,27 3
464,83
0
1 10 5
876,10 5
415,38 1
460,71
1 11 5
876,10 7
419,54 8
456,56
1 12 5
876,10 1
423,73 4
452,36
1 13 5
876,10 7
427,97 9
448,13
4
1 14 5
876,10 4
432,25 1
443,85
5
1 15 5
876,10 4
436,57 1
439,52
6
1 16 5
876,10 6
440,94 9
435,16
7
1 17 5
876,10 2
445,35 3
430,75
8
1 18 5
876,10 1
449,80 4
426,30
9
2 19 5
876,10 5
454,30 0
421,80
0
2 20 5
876,10 3
458,84 2
417,25
1
2 21 5
876,10 6
463,43 9
412,67
2 22 5
876,10 4
468,06 1
408,03
3
2 23 5
876,10 9
472,74 6
403,35
4
2 24 5
876,10 9
477,47 6
398,62
5
2 25 5
876,10 7
482,25 8
393,85
6
2 26 5
876,10 2
487,07 3
389,03
7
2 27 5
876,10 4
491,94 1
384,16
2 28 5
876,10 5
496,86 0
379,24
9
3 29 5
876,10 4
501,83 1
374,27
0
3 30 5
876,10 3
506,85 2
369,25
1
3 31 5
876,10 1
511,92 4
364,18
2
3 32 5
876,10 0
517,03 5
359,06
3 33 5
876,10 9
522,21 6
353,89
4
3 34 5
876,10 0
527,43 6
348,67
5
3 35 5
876,10 2
532,70 4
343,39
6
3 36 5
876,10 6
538,03 9
338,07
7
3 37 5
876,10 3
543,41 2
332,69
8
3 38 5
876,10 3
548,84 2
327,25
9
4 39 5
876,10 7
554,33 8
321,76
0 5 6 9
4 40 876,10 559,87 316,22
1
4 41 5
876,10 9
565,47 6
310,62
2
4 42 5
876,10 8
571,13 7
304,97
3
4 43 5
876,10 3
576,84 2
299,26
4 44 5
876,10 4
582,61 1
293,49
5
4 45 5
876,10 3
588,43 2
287,66
6
4 46 5
876,10 9
594,32 6
281,78
4 47 5
876,10 3
600,26 2
275,83
8
4 48 5
876,10 6
606,26 9
269,83
9
5 49 5
876,10 9
612,33 6
263,77
0
5 50 5
876,10 2
618,45 3
257,65
1
5 51 5
876,10 5
624,64 0
251,46
2
5 52 5
876,10 0
630,88 6
245,21
3
5 53 5
876,10 6
637,19 9
238,91
4
5 54 5
876,10 5
643,56 0
232,53
5 55 5
876,10 7
650,00 8
226,10
6
5 56 5
876,10 2
656,50 3
219,60
7
5 57 5
876,10 2
663,06 3
213,03
8
5 58 5
876,10 8
669,69 8
206,40
9
6 59 5
876,10 8
676,39 7
199,71
0
6 60 5
876,10 5
683,15 0
192,94
1
6 61 5
876,10 9
689,99 6
186,11
6 62 5
876,10 1
696,89 4
179,21
6 63 5
876,10 1
703,86 4
172,24
4
6 64 5
876,10 0
710,89 6
165,20
5
6 65 5
876,10 8
718,00 7
158,09
6 66 5
876,10 7
725,18 8
150,91
7
6 67 5
876,10 7
732,43 8
143,66
8
6 68 5
876,10 9
739,76 6
136,34
9
7 69 5
876,10 3
747,16 2
128,94
0
7 70 5
876,10 1
754,63 4
121,47
1
7 71 5
876,10 3
762,17 2
113,92
2
7 72 5
876,10 9
769,80 6
106,30
3
7 73 5
876,10 1
777,49 498,60
4
7 74 5
876,10 9
785,27 6
90,83
5
7 75 5
876,10 4
793,12 1
82,97
6
7 76 5
876,10 7
801,05 9
75,04
7 77 5
876,10 8
809,06 7
67,03
7 78 5
876,10 8
817,15 7
58,94
9
8 79 5
876,10 9
825,33 6
50,77
0
8 80 5
876,10 1
833,58 4
42,52
1
8 81 5
876,10 4
841,92 1
34,18
2
8 82 5
876,10 0
850,33 5
25,76
3
8 83 5
876,10 9
858,84 6
17,26
4
8 84 5
876,10 2
867,43 3
8,674
5 5 1

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Net Cash Flow/year Estimation (all amounts are in INR)
Initial Investment 70,900,00
Expenses for O&M per year 2,000,000
Total amount paid/year for loan(7 years 10,513,320
term considered)
Tolerance factor 2%
Total amount to be paid per year 12,763,600
Energy generated per year 1,655MWh
PPA rate for next 12 years 7.5rs/KWh
REC floor price 12,000rs/MWh (approx.)
Gross cash flow through PPA 12,412,500
Gross cash flow through REC trading 19,860,000
Net Cash Flow (NCF) per year 21,759,180

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 NET CASH FLOW & PAY BACK PERIOD
Now according to Discounted Cash Flow method (considering @10% DCF)

years Present value of rs.1 @10%

1 0.909 19,779,094.62
2 0.826 17,973,082.68
3 0.751 16,341,144.18
4 0.683 14,861,519.94
5 0.621 13,512,450.78
6 0.564 12,272,177.
7 0.513 11,162,459.34
8 0.467 92,145,357.80
9 0.424 83,660,898.56
10 0.386 76,162,987.84

So, Pay Back Period= 6 years 1 month (approx.)

Most suitable vendors/suppliers of the project components
Solar PV modules 1 Vikram Solar
.
2 Waaree Energies
.
3 Sova Power
.4 Canadian Solar
.
5 Trina Solar
.
6 First Solar
Inverter .1 Power One
2
. SMA
.
3 Smart Power
.4 REFusol
.
5 Delta
.
6 Schneider Electric
Transformer .1 ABB
.
2 Schneider Electric
.
3 Ascott transformer
.
4 Voltech
Switch gear .1 Schneider Electric
.
2 Megawin
DC Disconnect .
1 Schneider Electric
Circuit breaker 1 Megawin
.
2 ABB
.
SCADA/RMS 1 Draker
Cables 1 Havells
.
2 Finolex cables
.
3 RR Kabels
.
4 Anchors
Isolator .1 ABB
2
. Schneider Electric
.
3 Megawin
.
THANK YOU