Day 3

Question 1

1,3-butadiene, C4H6, undergoes hydrogenation to produce butane, C4H10, according to

the equation

C4H6(g) + 2 H2(g)  C4H10(g)

Calculate the standard enthalpy of hydrogenation, ΔHθ, of 1,3-butadiene.

Standard enthalpy of formation of 1,3-butadiene, C4H6 +112.0

Standard enthalpy of formation of water, H2O -286.0
Standard enthalpy of formation of carbon dioxide, CO2 -394.0
Standard enthalpy of combustion of butane, C4H10 -2877.0
(7M)
Question 1

1,3-butadiene, C4H6, undergoes hydrogenation to produce butane, C4H10, according to

the equation

C4H6(g) + 2 H2(g)  C4H10(g)

Calculate the standard enthalpy of hydrogenation, ΔHθ, of 1,3-butadiene.

Standard enthalpy of formation of 1,3-butadiene, C4H6 +112.0

Standard enthalpy of formation of water, H2O -286.0
Standard enthalpy of formation of carbon dioxide, CO2 -394.0
Standard enthalpy of combustion of butane, C4H10 -2877.0
(7M)

Answer:

(1) Using energy cycle

(2) Using equations

4C(s) + 3 H2(g)  C4H6 ΔH1 = +112.0 1M

H2(g) + ½ O2(g)  H2O(l) ΔH2 = -286.0 2M

C(s) + O2(g)  CO2(g) ΔH3 = -394.0 3M

4CO2(g) + 5H2O(l)  C4H10(g) + 13/2 O2(g) ΔH4 = +2877.0 4M

Reverse (1): C4H6(g)  4C(s) + 3H2(g) ΔH5 = -112.0

(2) X 5: 5H2(g) + 5/2 H2(g)  5H2O(l) ΔH6 = 5(-286.0)

(3) X 4: 4C(s) + 4O2(g)  4CO2(g) ΔH7 = 4(-394.0)

C4H6(g) + 2H2(g)  C4H10 ΔH = ?

ΔH = ΔH4 + ΔH5 + ΔH6 + ΔH7 5M

ΔH =(+2877.0) + (-112.0) + 5(-286.0) + 4(-394) 6M

ΔH = -241.0 kJ mol-1 7M