UNITED REPUBLIC OF TANZANIA

PRESIDENT’S OFFICE REGIONAL ADMINISTRATION AND LOCAL GOVERMENT

THE CITY COUNCIL OF DODOMA
DODOMA SECONDARY SCHOOL
P.O.BOX 32, DODOMA Email:dodoma@sec.dodomacc.go.tz
TEL : 026 – 2321163 Mob: 0714 696 81

FORM FIVE CBG

HOME ACADEMIC PACKAGE
INSTRUCTIONS
 This package consists of various subjects basing on their
combinations.
 You are required to answer all questions in each subject
 Use exercise book (counter book) to answer the questions
 The time allocated is 05 days.
 For more clarification call academic teachers:-
1. Mr. Ntilema – 0752 537 613/0785 410 141
2. Madam Nambuta - 0621000609 /0782915302

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 GENERAL STUDIES
1. Explain about the philosophical ideas of Julius Nyerere on
Education for self – reliance and five steps taken since
independence to reshape Tanzanian Education System (six
points)

2. Analyse the reasons behind which contributed to the failure of

Tanzanian youths to be self-reliant and Entrepreneurs. (six
points)

3. Assess six achievements of South African Development

community (SADC). (six points)

4. Explain the role of the big powers in maintaining peace and

understanding of the world. (eight points)

5. With six points, explain why the Community Based Organization

(CBO’s) and Faith Based Organization have turned to be good
agents in the democratization process.

6. With six points explain precisely the functions of the local

Government in Tanzania.

7. Analyse the negative effects of the development of science and

Technology in a poor country like Tanzania. (six points)

8. Critically discuss the Socio-economic impact of various media in

relation to their influence on the values, ideas and cultures of
the society. (Any six (06) points

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 BASIC APPLIED MATHEMATICS
1. Use a scientific calculator to evaluate the following to 4 significant
digits
2
cos 240°−𝑒 2
(a) (i) [ ]
√1156 .

ln 20
(ii) [𝑙𝑛20 + 𝜋 20 − 𝑠𝑖𝑛30°(100%)20 ]
sin 30°

(b) Solve the equations

(i) log(𝑥 + 3) = 𝑙𝑜𝑔[(𝑥 + 1) + 2]

(ii) 93𝑥+2 = 27𝑥+1

2. By using turning points and intercepts, draw the graph of 𝑓(𝑥) =

𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 + 5 and from the graph state.

(a) (i) Turning point

(ii) Domain and range

(b) Find the value of k if 𝑝(𝑥) = 𝑥 3 + 3 + 𝑘𝑥 + 5 has remainder

17 when divided by 𝑥 − 2

3. (a) find the sum of the following series

(i). 5 + 15 + 45 + ⋯ + 3645.

1 1 1 1
(ii). + + +⋯+ .
2 6 18 1458

(b). Solve by substitution method

𝑥+𝑦 =8
{
𝑥𝑦 = 15

4. (a) (i) Differentiate 𝑦 = √(2𝑥 + 4)2

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 (ii). Differentiate 2𝑥 + 𝑦 2 = 𝑥𝑦

3𝑥+1
(iii) Differentiate 𝑓(𝑥) =
2𝑥+3
(b). Find and hence state the nature of the stationary points of the
curve
𝑦 = 𝑥 3 − 3𝑥 2 − 9𝑥 + 2
5. (a)(i). Integrate 𝑓(𝑥) = 2𝑥√(𝑥 2 − 4) 𝑑𝑥

1
(ii). Evaluate ∫0 𝑥(𝑥 2 + 1)5 𝑑𝑥

(b). Find the volume of revolution by the curve 𝑦 = 4 − 𝑥 2 form

y=0 to y=4

6. Find 𝑃10 , 𝑃60 , and 𝑃90 for

CI 40-44 45-49 50-54 55-59 60-64 65-69
F 2 5 9 12 8 4

1 1
7. (a).Two events A and B are such that , 𝑃(𝐴) = , 𝑃(𝐵) = ,
3 2
1
𝑃(𝐴⁄𝐵) = . Find
4
(i) 𝑃(𝐴⁄𝐵𝚤 )
(ii) (ii) , 𝑃(𝐴𝚤 ⁄𝐵)

(b). Find the value of n given that:

(i). 3(𝑛3) = (𝑛2)
(ii). 3(𝑛5) = (𝑛6)

8. (a). Given that 𝑡𝑎𝑛75° = 2 + √3 , find in the form 𝑚 = 𝑛 + √3

where m and n are integers, the value of:
(i). 𝑡𝑎𝑛15°
(ii). tan 105°
(b)(i). Eliminate theta from the equations 𝑥 = 2𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 and 𝑦 =
3𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃
(ii). find the value of theta ranging from 180° ≤ 𝜃 ≤ 360° for:
1
𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝜃 =
2

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 3 2 𝑎
9. (a). Find the value of ‘’a’’ given that 𝑀 = [1 −1 1] has no
2 3 1
solution
1 1 1
(b). If𝐴 = (2 −2 −1), 𝑓𝑖𝑛𝑑 𝐴−Ι
1 3 −2

10. A manufacturer has 24, 36, & 18 tons of wood, plastic and
steel respectively. To make the possible product A requires 1, 3, 2
tons of wood, plastic & steel. While the product B requires 3, 4, &
1 tons of wood, plastic & steel respectively. To make it product A
sells for 400,000/= and B sells for 600,000/=. How many product
of each should the manufacturer make to obtain the maximum
gross income?

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 CHEMISTRY – SET 1
For calculations use the following constants:-
 Gas constant; R = 8.31 Jmol-1K-1 or 0.082 atm mol-1K-1dm-3
 GMV = 22.4 dm3
 Standard temperature = 273 K
 Standard pressure = 760 mmHg
 Plank’s constant; h = 6.63x10-34 Js
 Velocity of light c = 3.0x108m/s
 1 litre = 1 dm3 = 1000cm3
 1 eV = 1.6x10-19J
 1 cal = 4.1858 KJmol-1
 𝑅𝐻 = 2.18 × 10−18 𝐽
 𝑅 = 8.31𝐽𝑀𝑜𝑙 −1 𝐾 −1 𝑜𝑟 0.0821𝑎𝑡𝑚𝑀𝑜𝑙−1 𝐾 −1 𝑑𝑚−3
 𝐺𝑀𝑉 = 22.4𝑑𝑚3
 𝑆𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑎𝑟𝑑 𝑡𝑒𝑚𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑢𝑟𝑒 = 273𝐾
 𝑆𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑎𝑟𝑑 𝑝𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑠𝑢𝑟𝑒 = 760𝑚𝑚𝐻𝑔
 𝑃𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑘 ′ 𝑠 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡 ℎ = 6.63 × 10−34 𝐽𝑠
 𝑉𝑒𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑦 𝑜𝑓 𝑙𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡 𝑐 = 3.0 × 108 𝑚𝑠 −1
Atomic masses: H = 1, C = 12, S = 32, O = 16, Ba = 56, Cl = 35.5

1. (a) What does it mean by the terms:

(i) Wavelength (ii) Amplitude
b) List the value of n, l and 𝑚𝑙 for orbital in 4d sub shell
c) What is the wavelength of a photon (in nm) emitted during a
transition from 𝑛𝑖 = 5 state to the 𝑛𝑓 = 2 state?

2. (a) What is meant by the following terms?

(i) Colligative properties
(ii) Vant Hoff’s factor
(b) 0.96g of fruit sugar with simplest formula of CH2O was
dissolved in 150cm3 of water to give the freezing point of –
0.50650c (kf = 1.860c kg/mol). Calculate the molecular formula of
the fruit sugar.

3. (a) Briefly differentiate the following terms

(i) Osmosis and diffusion
(ii) Ebullioscopic constant and cryoscopic constant
(b) The osmotic pressure of aqueous solution containing 10g of
Barium chloride in 1 kg of water was found to be 3.2 atm at 15 0C.

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 Calculate the apparent degree of dissociation of Barium Chloride in
water.

© Arrange the following gases according to the increase in their

rate of diffusion
𝐶𝑙2 , 𝑂2 , 𝑁2 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑆𝑂2 . Give reason.

3. (a) Account for the following as applied in Chemistry

i) Partition law.
ii) Steam distillation
(b) Explain the three basic principles for steam distillation.
(c) Explain the main role of steam distillation?

4. Mr Bee and Miss. Jackline each was given a solution containing

10g of solute GB in 900 ml of solvent GM are asked to extract
GB using solvent GL, mr Bee decides to extract GB using the
whole 900 ml of solvent GL in only one extraction. Miss Jackline
extracts GB using 450 ml of solvent GL per extraction that is
she does two extractions. The partition coefficient of solute GB
between solvent GL and solvent GM is 8, solute GB is more
soluble in GL. Calculate.
a) The percentage of GB left in solvent GM after the
experiment by the first person.
b) The percentage of GB left in solvent GM after the
experiment by the second person.
b) Comparing (i) and (ii) above, what general
principle do the experiments teach us.

5. Vapor pressure of chloroform and dichloromethane at 298K are

200mmHg and 415mmHg respectively.
(a) calculate the vapor pressure of the solution
prepared by mixing 25.5g of chloroform(CHCl3) and 40g
of dichloromethane(CH2Cl2) at 290K and
(b) mole fraction of each component in solution
(c) Precisely explain the law governing your responses in
(a) and (b) above

6. (a) Give an account on the following terms

(i) Degenerate orbital
(ii) Wave particle dual nature of an electron
(iii) Convergent limit
(iv) Line spectrum
(c) An electron is promoted to the first line of Balmer’s series.

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 (i) Write down all orbital present in the electron destiny.
(ii) Give all possible values of magnetic quantum numbers
and spin quantum numbers of the electron destiny.

(c) Calculate the maximum wavelength and the maximum

frequency an electron transmission in the Paschen’s series.

7. (a) Precisely explain what is explained in the following laws and

principles
(i) Paul’s exclusion principle
(ii) Heinsberg’s uncertainty principle
(iii) The full and half-filled rule
(b) Support the fact that the following quantum numbers are
not allowed?
(i) n = 1, l = 1, m = 0
(ii) n = 4, l = 3, m = 4
(iii) n = 2, l = -1, m = 1
(c) Give all possible values of all the four quantum numbers for
2p electrons in nitrogen atom.
8. (a) How can the following terms be distinguished?
(i) Ideal solution and Non Ideal solution
(ii) Negatively deviating solution and positively deviating
solution
(iii) Azeotrope and azeotropic point
9. (a) Equal amount of helium and argon gases are placed in porous
container and allowed to escape, which gas will escape faster and
how faster?
(b)If the density of hydrogen is 0.090𝑔𝑙 −1 and its rate of diffusion
is 5.93 times that of chlorine, what is the density of chlorine?

10. a) Define the following terms

i. Hybrid orbital
ii. Sigma bond (𝜎)
iii. Pi bond (𝜋)
iv. Intermolecular forces
(b) Describe the hybridization state of phosphorus in phosphorus
pentabromide (𝑃𝐵𝑟5 )

11. (a) Consider the reaction

𝐵𝐹3 + 𝑁𝐻3 → 𝐹3 𝐵 − 𝑁𝐻3

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 (b) Explain the changes in hybridization (if any) of B and N
atoms as a result of this reaction
© How many Pi bonds and Sigma bonds are there in
tetracyanoethylene molecule?

iii) The compound 𝐶𝐶𝑙4 and 𝑆𝑖𝐶𝑙4 are similar in geometry and
hybridization. However 𝐶𝐶𝑙4 does not react with water but 𝑆𝑖𝐶𝑙4
does. Explain.
(c) (a) The diagram below illustrates the boiling point –
composition relationship for benzene – ethanol system

1.0 _____________________________0 (Benzene)

0.0 __________ __________________ 1.0 (Ethanol)

(i) What do curve y and x represent?

(ii) What is the relationship between P, Q and R

12. (a) At 295K and 755 mmHg, 0.292 g of a gaseous substance

displaces 0.061 dm3 of air in the Victor Meyer’s apparatus. If the
vapour pressure of water at that temperature is 0.029 atm,
determine the Molar mass of the substance.

(b) Carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide are mixed to form a

mixture which was allowed to effuse through a small aperture in
one-third the time taken for an equal volume of Iodine vapour to
effuse through the same aperture.

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 (i) Give and state the law governing your calculation.
(ii) Work out the mixture composition by volume.

13. (a) Account of the following observations.

(i) Why ideality of a solution is considered mostly for
dilute solutions?
(ii) The use of pressure cooker is faster than using normal
cooking pans?
(iii) Why freezing point of 0.1 M glucose solution is
half that of 0.1 M Table salt solution?
(iv) Why the components on non-ideal solution
cannot be separated by fractional distillation?

14. Mr. Majura plotted a graph of vapour pressure against mole

fraction of a solution which was made by mixing L and M. The
solution was found to obey Raoult’s law and from the graph the
equation: P = -150X + 600 at 283K was obtained. P is the
vapour pressure of the solution in mmHg and X is the mole
fraction of L. Calculate
(i) Mole fraction of M when the Vapour pressure of the
solution is 495 mmHg
(ii) Vapour of pure component which is less volatile
(iii) The atmospheric pressure required to boil the solution
with the mole fraction of L, 0.1 at 283K.

15. a) An organic acid solute establishes equilibrium between 50 cm3

of ether and 500 cm3 of water. Titrating the mixture against
sodium hydroxide solution; 25 cm3 of the ether layer requires 22.5
cm3 of NaOH while 25 cm3 of the aqeous layer required 9cm3 of
0.1M NaOH. Calculate the partition coefficient of the acid between
ether and water.

b) Water and chlorobenzene do not mix in each other. Water being

solvent in which chlorobenzene cannot dissolve steam distils at
373K under atmospheric pressure of 101300Nm-2. A sample of the
steam distillate contains 23.7 g of chlorobenzene for every 10 g of
water. Calculate the vapour pressure of both water and
chlorobenzene.

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 CHEMISTRY-SET 2
1. (a) (i) What is an orbital and how does it differ from an orbit?
(ii) Give the possible value of L and ml for an electron with the
principal quantum number n = 3
(b) Explain the following principles and show how they are applied
when writing an electronic configuration
(i) Paulis exclusion principle
(ii) Aufbau principle
(iii) Hund`s rule
(iv) Half – filled and full orbitals rule.

2. (a) Briefly state the differences between

(i) Continuous spectrum and line spectrum
(ii) Quantum state and principal quantum number.
(b) The atomic spectrum of hydrogen in the visible region is given
by the following relationship.
1 1 1
= RH ( 2 - 2 )
λ 𝑛1 𝑛2
(i) What do the symbol λ , RH, n1 and n2 represent,
indicate the units of each constant Y and RH.
(ii) Give the relationship between, frequency wavelength
and energy of radiation produced by electron transition
of a first series in a visible region.

3. (a) The female members of a particular species of moth produce a

sex attractant of molecular formula C18H34O3. In an experiment of
a female moth is trapped behind a cell phone screen containing a
1 pinhole. It is found that 10-5 moles of carbon dioxide she
produces, diffuses through the pin hole in 90 second. How long
will it require for the number of mole of the sex attractant to
diffuse through the pinhole?

(b) (i) Identify and state the gas law used to answer the question
3(a) above.
(ii) Deduce gas law identified in 3(b) (i) above from the kinetic
gas equation
PV = 13𝑚𝑛𝑐 2̅

4. (a) (i) Define osmotic pressure

(ii) State van`t Hoff`s law of osmotic pressure.

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 (b) When 0.946g of fructose is dissolved in 150g of water, the
resulting solution is observed to have a freezing point of -
0.0651oC. Find molecular mass of fructose and its molecular
formula if the simplest formula of fructose is CH2O given kf = -
1.86kgmol-1.

(c) When 114g of. sucroseis dissolved in 1000g of water, the

vapour pressure is lowered by 0.11mmHg.
(i) Briefly explain why the vapour pressure was lowered by
0.11mmHg after addition of 114g of sucrose?
(ii) Calculate the relative molecular mass of sucrose if the
vapour pressure of pure water at 20oC is 17.54 mmHg.

5. (a) What is meant by each of the following terms as used in the

lewis theory
(i) Valence electron
(ii) Lone pair of electrons
(iii) Coordinate bond
(iv) Resonance structure

(b) Give the name of a geometrical structure and one example of

molecules formed from the following hybridized atomic orbital.
(i) Sp3 hybridized orbital
(ii) Sp2 hybridized orbital
(iii) Sp hybridized orbital

(c)Explain in terms of effect of hydrogen bonding as to why NH3 is

very soluble in water than PH3

6. (a) Give (4) the postulate of the Kinetic theory of gases.

(b) A sample of a gas has a volume of 79.5 cm3 at 45oC.
What volume will the sample occupy at0oC when the
pressure is held construct.

© Determine the volume of oxygen required for the complete

combustion of 25.0 litres of ethane C2H6(g) if all gases are
measured at the same temperature and pressure, what volumeof
CO2 produced?

(d) With the help of Amagat`s curve, show how carbon dioxide
gas deviates from ideal gas behavior.

7. (a) State Hess`s Law

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 (b) State whether the following quantities are exothermic or
endothermic by assigning –ve or +ve to each accordingly.
(i) Ionization energy for Lithium
(ii) Electron affinity of iodine
(iii) Election affinity of oxygen leading to O- and O2-

(c) Ethane and elemental fluorine react according to the following

equation.
C2H6(g) + F2(g) CH3CH2F (g) + HF (g)

Calculate the enthalpy of the reaction given that

E (F – F) = 159KJ
E (C – C) = 339KJ
E (H – F) = 565KJ
E (C – H) = 414KJ
E (C – F) = 485KJ

8. (a) Explain the meaning of the following terms

(i) Isotonic solution
(ii) Mole fraction
(iii) Reverse osmosis

(b) Non Ideal solution exhibit either positive or negative deviation

from Raoult`s law. What are these deviations and why are they
caused? Explain with one example for each case.
Explain as to why there is a rise in Boiling point when a non-
volatile solid is dissolved in a liquid?

(c) At 300K, 36g of glucose (C6H12O6) present in 1 litre in its

aqueous solution has an osmotic Pressure of 4.98 bar. If the
osmotic pressure of another solution of glucose is 1.52 bar at the
same temperature. What would be its concentrations?

9. a) What are the meaning of the following terms as applied in

organic chemistry
i. A reaction mechanism
ii. Hemolytic cleavage
iii. Radical
iv. Carbonions
b) Arrange the following Haloalkane according to increase bond
strength and explain your answer
𝐶𝐻3 − 𝐶𝑙 , 𝐶𝐻3 − 𝐵𝑟 , 𝐶𝐻3 − 𝐼 𝐶𝐻3 − 𝐹

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 c) Write structure and IUPAC names of different structural isomers of
alkene corresponding to molecular formula 𝐶5 𝐻10

10.a) Assign IUPAC names of the following compounds

b) Write the structural formula for the following compounds

i. 3 - Ethyl – 2 – Methylpentane
ii. 3, 4, 8 – Trimethyldecane
iii. 3, 4, 4, 5 – tetramethylheptane
iv. Why Wurtz reaction takes place in dry ether?

11.(a) 0.58g of unknown hydrocarbon X produced 1.76g of 𝐶𝑂2 and

0.9g of water on complete combustion
i. Calculate the percentage composition of carbon and
hydrogen in X
ii. Determine the empirical formula of X
iii. If the molecular weight of X is 58g𝑚𝑜𝑙 −1 , what is molecular
formula of X?
(b) Write the structural formula for the following compounds
(i) 2,3 – dibromopentane
(ii) 3,3 – dimethylheptane
(iii) 3,3 – dichlorobutan – 1,3 – diene
(iv) 1,4 – hexadiene

12.(a) Write an equation for the reaction of propylene with each of

the following
(i) Hydrogen bromide in presence of peroxide
(ii) H2O, H+
(iii) Hot concentrated Alkaline KMnO4 followed by
acidification.

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 (iv) Cl2, u.v light.
(v)Cl2/CCl4 solution
(b) The vapour pressure of ethanol at 200C is 43.6 mmHg
while that of benzene at the same temperature is 75.2
mmHg. The mole fraction of benzene is 0.09 for mixture of
benzene and ethanol at 200C. Calculate;
i. Total pressure of the mixture
ii. Mole fraction of benzene in vapour phase

d) a) Differentiate minimum boiling point azeotropic mixture from

maximum boiling point azeotropic mixture.
b) At 24℃ the vapour pressure of the pure C is 32.8mmHg and pure
vapour pressure of D is 174.6mmHg. A mixture is made by using
0.084mole fraction of pure D in which the partial pressure of C and
D are 18.5mmHg and 166.3mmHg respectively. Is this solution
ideal?

13. (a) What do you understand by the following terms?

(i) Heat of reaction
(ii) Thermochemical equations
(b) Given the following reactions
Cd(s) Cd(g) ∆𝐻𝜃 1
Cd(g) Cd2+(aq) +2e- ∆𝐻𝜃 2
I2(s) I2(g) ∆𝐻𝜃 3
I2(g) 21(g) ∆𝐻𝜃 4
I (g) +e- I-(g) ∆𝐻𝜃 5
Cd(s) +I2(s) CdI2 ∆𝐻𝜃 6
Cd2+(aq) + 2I-(g) CdI2(s) ∆𝐻𝜃 7
Calculate the value of ∆𝐻𝜃 7 given the following values
∆𝐻 1 = + 113 KJmol
𝜃 -1

∆𝐻𝜃 2 = + 2490 KJmol-1

∆𝐻𝜃 3 = + 19.4 KJmol-1
∆𝐻𝜃 4 = + 151 KJmol-1
∆𝐻𝜃 5 = - 314KJmol-1
∆𝐻𝜃 6 = - 201 KJmol-1

14.500cm3 of 0.5M ethanoic acid were mixed with 500cm3 of 0.5M

Sodium hydroxide solution in a polystyrene bedcer which has
negligible heat capacity. The initial temperature was 24.650C.
Calculate the enthalpy of neutralization of Sodium hydroxide and
ethanoic acid under these conditions if the temperature rose to
29.650C. Assume the heat capacity of the solution is the same as

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 that of water which is 4.18J/gk. (Note; Density of each solution is
1.00g/cm3).

15. (a) Define the following terms;

(i) Free radicals
(ii) Electrophiles
(iii) Nucleophiles
(iv) Homolysis
(v) Heterolysis
(b) Write the structural Isomers of molecular formula C4H9Cl.
(c) Write the equations for the following reactions.
(i) Benzene and chloromethyl benzene in the presence of
AlCl3.
(ii) 1- chloromethyl – 4 – nitrobenzene and benzene in the
presence of AlCl3

16.(a) Write chemical equations showing how you would prepare the
following
(i) Butan - 2 - Ol from 2– Iodo butane
(ii) Propane from 1– bromopropane
(iii) Methoxymethane from chloromethane.
(iv) Butane from Ethane
(v)Methylbenzene from Acetylene
(vi) 1– Iodobutane from 1– bromobutane

b) Suggest suitable tests to distinguish the following compounds;

(i) But –2– yne from butane
(ii) Butane and pent –2– ene
(iii) 2– butyne and 1– butyne.

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 BIOLOGY –SET 1
1. (a)Within the body carbon dioxide is transported by means of
bicarbonate. Explain keenly
(b)Why do we breathe?
2. (a)Why should the respiratory surface be associated with rich
supply of blood capillaries?
(b)Identify the features which increase the surface area for
gaseous exchange in lungs and state their adaptations
3. (a)Explain why membranes are generally referred to as fluids?
(b)Name the chemical constituents of membranes and enumerate
the role of each.
4. Explain the role of the following cell organelles:
(a)Lysosomes
(b)Endoplasmic reticulum
(c)Ribosome
(d)Golgi apparatus
5. (a)Outline the characteristics of nerve cells
(b)State the role of synapses in the nervous system
6. (a)Briefly explain the concept of double fertilization in flowering
plants
(b) Outline any five changes that occur in the flower after
fertilization
7. (a)Describe the advantages and disadvantages of using scientific
names
(b)Outline the rules of binomial nomenclature
8. (a)Distinguish between oestrus and menstrual cycles
(b) Briefly describe the main phases of an oestrus cycle
9. With examples explain symbiosis,mutualism,saprophytism and
parasitism nutrirtion.
10. Explain the factors that affect the Basal Metabolic Rate
(BMR) of an organism

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 BIOLOGY – SET 2
1. Briefly describe the concept of reproductive isolation and how it
contributes to evolution.

2. Using examples, briefly explain the meaning, causes and

consequences of population explosion in plants and animals

3. A viable seed was sown under optimum germination conditions.

However, it did not germinate. Suggest the possible causes and
ways to overcome such seed dormancy.

4. (a)Discuss the concept of co-dominance

(b)In certain species of chicken, feather colour is controlled by co-
dorminant genes.

5. The allele for white is W and for black is B.The heterozygous

phenotype is known as erminette.
i) What are the genotypes for black, white and erminette
chickens?
ii) If two erminette chickens were crossed, what is the
probability that; they would have a black chick and a white
chick?
6. (a)Identify and discuss the problems associated with the
classification of viruses
(b)Discuss with examples the economic importance of viruses

7. (a) What do you understand by the term osmoregulation?

(b)Explain the mechanism of osmoregulation in marine
elasmobranches

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 GEOGRAPHY – SET 1
1. Study carefully the map extract of Mbeya sheet (244/4/) provided
then answer the following questions.
a) Find the trend and alignment of railway line from GR 460130 to
GR 510118
b) A tour guide at Karuwe Mountain GR 465215 saw a fire at a
distance of 4 km SE. A teacher at school GR 538215 at a
distance of 5.1 km SW saw the same fire.
i) Find the position of the fire
ii) Give out the bearing and direction of the tour guide
and the teacher from the fire
c) Describe the geomorphic processes which might have mounded
the landforms in the area
d) With concrete examples from the map suggest the climate of
the area
e) Change the map scale into statement.
f) With vivid examples describe the economic activities might be
taken in the area.

2. (a)Briefly give an account of field research.

(b)Outline the strengths and weakness of questionnaires and
interviews as methods of data collection.
3. Identify and explain the different sources of errors in Chain
surveying
4. (a)Why the earth is not exactly a spheroid?
(b)Provide evidence on the earth´s sphericity.
5. Examine the various causes of climate changes experienced on the
earth over different time scale.
6. “Ocean currents are the outcome of the interaction of number of
factors” Give 6 points.
7. Explain the simple process involved in soil formation.

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 MBEYA MAP SHEET EXTARCT (244/2)

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 GEOGRAPHY - SET 2
1. In your society there is a problem of unsustainable population
growth. Prepare eight guidelines to show the problems likely to
face the society with unsustainable population growth.

2. Suppose you made a visit in one of the developed countries with

high life expectants and aged population. Comments with seven
points on the consequences of ageing population experienced from
the countries you visited.

3. Currently the government of Tanzania is in the program of

industrial economy. In your own view do you think Tanzania is
ready to adopt industrial economy? (Comment your answer with
six points).

4. The local community around your school environments involves in

tuber crops production daily but still they are very poor. Using
eight points examine the challenges facing tuber crops production
in your community and Tanzania at large.

5. Despite the efforts made by the government in construction of

transport and communication in Tanzania, yet there is limiting
factors. Using six points comment on the problems that limit
effective construction of transport and communication.

6. Tanzania is well endowed with high mineral deposits of different

types. Evaluate with six points the way in which Tanzania benefits
from mining sector.

7. You have given a chance to address villagers on the unsustainable

use of forest resources. Use eight points that you would use to
advise them on sustainable exploitation of forest resources.

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