LTE Access Fault Diagnosis

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LTE Access Fault Diagnosis

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LTE Access Fault Diagnosis

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 LTE Access Fault Diagnosis

 After UE select a suitable cell, it initials attach flow, including the following procedures:
 Random access
 RRC connection setup (RRC cause: MO signaling)
 NAS authentication procedure
 E-RAB setup (Activate default EPS bearer)
 Setup dedicated bearer (Optional, only for some Smart UE that support VoIP)
 Above figure shows the detailed procedure

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 LTE Access Fault Diagnosis

 If UE request service again while in idle status, it initials “Service Request” procedure
 The whole procedure are very similar as initial attach procedure except:
 The cause of RRC connection is “MO Data”
 No authentication and UE capability query procedure as UE context already
exists in MME

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 LTE Access Fault Diagnosis

 TAU procedure is a UE idle behavior, ensure that UE location is known by MME. The
scenarios of TAU can be:
 UE initial attach
 UE move to a new TA area
 Periodic TA update

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LTE Access Fault Diagnosis

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LTE Access Fault Diagnosis

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 LTE Access Fault Diagnosis

 There are maximum 64 preamble index, indicate all possible time slot for preamble
sending
 All these preambles are divided into contention based group and dedicated group.
 UE acquires all RACH configuration in SIB2 message.

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 LTE Access Fault Diagnosis

 There are five RA preamble formats, which are used for cells of different radii. LTE
FDD supports preamble formats 0-3, and LTE TDD supports preamble formats 0-4.
The preamble format can be set through the PreambleFmt parameter, and the cell
radius can be set through the CellRadius parameter.
 Format 4 is a special RACH preamble for LTE-TDD only.

Preamble
Length TCP TSEQ FDD Cell Radius (R) TDD Cell Radius (R)
Format

0 1ms 103.1 µs 800 µs R ≤ 14.5km 1.4 km < R ≤ 14.5 km

1 2ms 684.4 µs 800 µs 29.5 km < R ≤ 77.3 km 29 .5km < R ≤ 77.3 km
1,600
2 2ms 203.1 µs 14 .5km < R ≤ 29.5 km 14.5 km < R ≤ 29.5 km
µs
1,600
3 3ms 684.4 µs 77 .3km < R ≤ 100 km 77 .3km < R ≤ 100 km
µs
167.9 133.33
4 14.58 µs Not involved. R ≤ 1.4 km
µs µs

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LTE Access Fault Diagnosis

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 LTE Access Fault Diagnosis

 Upon receiving the UE preamble, the eNodeB transmits an RA response over DL-
SCH.
 The UE monitors the Physical Dedicated Control Channel (PDCCH) in the
Transmission Time Interval (TTI) until it obtains the required RA response.
 The response contains RA-Preamble Identifier, Timing Alignment Information, Initial
UL Grant, and Temporary C-RNTI.
 If multiple-UE send the preamble with the same RA-RNTI, then eNodeB detects that
the conflict occurs. This conflict will be handled in contention resolution procedure.
 A message on the DL-SCH can carry multiple RA responses to be transmitted to
multiple use.
 For the UE ;
 If the received RA-Preamble Identifier is consistent with the identifier that the
UE previously sent, the UE infers that the response is successful. Then, the
UE transmits uplink scheduled data.
 Otherwise, the response fails. In this case, if the number of random access
attempts is smaller than the maximum, the UE attempts random access again.
Otherwise, random access fails.

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 LTE Access Fault Diagnosis

 With the grant ,the UE transmits uplink scheduled data over the UL-SCH. This
message is scrambled by temporary C-RNTI. In this message, UE will carry its unique
ID for contention resolution if random access conflict.
 Based on different random access scenarios, the message could be
 RRC connection request
 RRC reestablishment request
 RRC reconfiguration complete (Handover confirmation)
 Other user data
 In case of “RRC connection request” message, UE sends its UE ID to identify the
different UE. This UE ID could be:
 If UE already get S-TMIS from MME, then use S-TMIS as UE ID
 If UE initial attach, UE generate a random number according to its IMSI as UE
ID
 In the other case, UE at least send its C-RNTI to identify the different UE

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 LTE Access Fault Diagnosis

 After the UE sends message 3,the contention resolution timer starts. The UE monitors
the PDCCH before the timer expires. In the following situations, the UE infers that the
contention resolution is successful and it notifies the upper layer and stops the :
 The UE obtains the C-RNTI when monitoring the PDCCH.
 Temporary C-RNTI is obtained when the UE monitors the PDCCH. In addition,
the MAC Packet Data Unit (MAC PDU) is successfully decoded.
 If the contention resolution timer expires, the UE infers that the contention resolution
fails. Then, the UE performs RA again if the number of RA attempts is smaller than
the maximum number of attempts.

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 LTE Access Fault Diagnosis

 Purpose of RRC connection

 Setup SRB1
 Send NAS message to EPC
 Relevant counters:
 A: RRC connection attempts (L.RRC.ConnReq.Att)
 B: RRC connection setup successful (L.RRC.ConnReq.Succ)

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LTE Access Fault Diagnosis

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 LTE Access Fault Diagnosis

 After UE succeed attach to MME, MME initial the ERAB setup procedure, to setup
dedicated S1 control plane for UE. At the same time, the default PDN connectivity and
EPS bearer will also be setup. After ERAB setup, there is already IP connectivity
between UE and gateway which is called “Always on line” function.
 Relevant counters:
 A: ERAB setup attempts (L.E-RAB.InitAttEst)
 B: ERAB setup successful (L.E-RAB.InitSuccEst)

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 LTE Access Fault Diagnosis

 Trace of UE capability

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 LTE Access Fault Diagnosis

 After SRB2 setup, all the NAS message on UU interface in carried by SRB2 with the
message RRC_DL_INFO_TRANSF or RRC_UL_INFO_TRANSF

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 LTE Access Fault Diagnosis

 NAS procedure is coming after RRC complete, including

 Attach request (default)
 Default EPS bearer activity (default)
 Dedicate EPS bearer setup (optional)
 Authentication (optional)
 Identification (optional)
 NAS procedure is associated with ERAB setup procedure, for NAS delivery, on UU
interface NAS can be combined in common RRC message as NAS PDU or directly
transferred as “RRC_DL/UL_INFO_TRANSF” message; on S1 interface, NAS can be
combined in common S1AP message as NAS PDU or directly transferred as
“S1AP_DL/UL_NAS_TRANS” message

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 LTE Access Fault Diagnosis

 The barred cell only impacts on initial UE access, handover in is not affected.

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 LTE Access Fault Diagnosis

 This failure is caused by eNodeB admission failure. If PUCCH or SRS resource is

limited, eNodeB should stop admit all services including RRC.

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LTE Access Fault Diagnosis

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 LTE Access Fault Diagnosis

 Relevant RRC failure counter:

Counter name Description

L.RRC.SetupFail.ResFail Number of RRC connection setup failures due to
resource allocation failures
L.RRC.SetupFail.NoReply Number of RRC connection setup failures due to no
responses from the UE
L.RRC.SetupFail.Rej Number of RRC Connection Reject messages sent to
the UE in a cell

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 LTE Access Fault Diagnosis

 This NAS procedure refers to the procedure between UE initial message and Initial
UE context setup response message, including attach, authentication, identification,
default bearer activity.
 If NAS procedure is failure, then MME will send a UE context release command, and
the release cause is NAS, so eNodeB will consider this release is normal release and
doesn’t count it in performance static.
 Possible scenarios:
 Authentication failure: Incorrect subscriptions user data in HSS
 Solution: Check subscription data in HSS
 Attach failure: Parameters between UE and EPC is not identical
 Solution: Check the if the following parameters are identical with EPC

1. PLMN

2. TAC
 PDN activity failure: Wrong configuration of APN in UE or EPC

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 LTE Access Fault Diagnosis

 This failure refers the fault between “Initial context setup request” message and “Initial
context setup response” message. If any step occur fault, then ERAB setup procedure
fails.

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LTE Access Fault Diagnosis

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 LTE Access Fault Diagnosis

 Scneario: the L.E-RAB.FailEst.NoReply counter is incremented each time the

eNodeB receives no responses from the UE before the corresponding timer expires
after sending an RRC signaling message to the UE during the initial UE context setup
procedure or the E-RAB setup procedure
 Possible cause:
 Poor DL/UL coverage which cause message missing.
 UE internal process error

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 LTE Access Fault Diagnosis

 Tracing message

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 LTE Access Fault Diagnosis

 Message tracing

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