Microelectronics: Circuit Analysis and Design, 4th Chapter 12

edition By D. A. Neamen Problem Solutions

or
IS V 1(35.75)
V 2 (2.342)
and substituting in (3 ):
V 2 (125.5) (2.20)[ V 1(170.16) V 2 (11.71)] V 1(0.20)
V 2 (151.3) V 1(374.55)
V V 2 (0.4040) so that
or 1

Then
IS (35.75)[ V 2 (0.4040)] V 2 (2.342)
IS V 2 (12.10)

I0 (gm2V 2 RC 2
)
RC 2 RL
(123) 2.2
V (64.43)V
2 2
2.2 2
V (0.01552)I0
or 2
Then
I0 1 I0
5.33
IS (0.01552)(12.10) IS

12.54
For example, use the circuit shown in Figure P12.49

12.55
(a) Vi VL VL VO
R1 RF
VO
11Vi
L R1 RFR1
V RF
RF RF
So (1) V V 1 R1 R1 V i
O L

VO VL VL VL
R3 R L R2
R3 R3
So (2) VO VL 1
RL R2
Then, from (1) = (2)

VL 1 RF RF R3 R3
VV 1
R1 R1 i L RL R2
RF
VL 1 1 R3 R3 RF
R1 V
RL R2 R1 i
Now IO RL
VL
RF R3 R3 RF
V
IO RL R1 RL R2 R1 i
 RF
IO R1
Ag f
Vi R RL F R RL 3
R 3
1 R R2
R F R3
(b) Set
R1 R2
RF
Then R1 RF
Ag f
R 3 R1R3
IO 1
Or Ag f
Vi R2

(c) For I O 1
0.5 mA/V R2 2 k
Vi R2
R F R3
For , set R 2k and R R 10 k
3 1
R1 R2

12.56
(a)

VD1 3 1 1.6 1.40 V, VSG3 1 1.6 1.6 V

I DQ3 K p VSG3 VTP 2
10 1.6
2
12.1 mA
0.5
VG 12.1 0.248 30
(b) gm1Vgs1 gm1Vgs 2 0 Vgs Vgs1
2

Vsg 3 gm1Vgs1 RD
I o gm3Vsg 3 gm1 gm3 RDVgs1
Vi Vgs1 Vgs 2 Io 2Vgs I o RL
I o RL R L
1
Vgs1 V
i
2

Io Vi I o R L
gm1 gm3 RD
2
I o1 gm1 g m3 RD RL gm1 g m3 RD
Vi
22
I
A
o gm1 gm3 RD
gf
Vi 2 gm1 gm3 RD RL
(c) Kn I DQ1 21
gm1 2 2 2.828 mA/V

gm3 2 K p I DQ3 2 10 12.1 22 mA/V

Ag f 2.828 22 1.6
22.828 22 1.6 0.248 3.73 mA/V
12.57
r1
6.24 k , r 2 3.12 k , r 3 1.56 k
gm1 19.23 mA / V, 38.46 mA / V,
gm3 gm2
76.92 mA / V

VS V 1
Ve
1
(1)
V1
gV Ve1 Ve1 Ve3
R R
m1 1 (2)
r
1 E1
F

V 2 gm1V 1(RC1 || r 2 ) (3)

V3
g V Ve3 V 3
0
m2 2
RC 2 r3
(4)
V3
gV Ve3 Ve3 Ve1
r
m3 3
RE RF
3
(5) 2
Enter numerical values in (2)-(5):
V 1
(19.23)V V 11 V 1
6.24 1 e1 0.1 0.8 e3 0.8
or
V1 Ve1(11.25 Ve3
(2)
(19.39) ) (1.25)
V 2 (19.23)V 1(5 || 3.12) (36.94)V 1
(3)
(38.46)V 2 V 3 1 1 1
2 1.56 Ve3 0
or 2
V 2 (38.46) V 3 (1.141) Ve3 (0.5) 0
(4)
1 1 1 1
V 3 1.56 76.92 Ve3 Ve3 0.8
0.1 0.8
or
V 3 (77.56) Ve3 Ve1(1.25
(5)
(11.25) )
V1 VS Ve1
From (1)
Then
(VS Ve1 ) Ve1 Ve3 (1.25)
(19.39) (11.25)

or VS (19.39) Ve1(30.64 Ve3 (1.25) (2 )

)
V 2 VS (36.94) Ve1
(3 )
(36.94)
(38.46)[ VS (36.94) Ve1(36.94)] V 3 (1.141) Ve3 (0.5) 0
(4 )
From (5): V 3 (6.894) Ve1(0.1111)
Ve3
Then
VS Ve1(30.64) (1.25)[V 3 (6.894) Ve1(0.1111)]
(19.39)
or
VS (19.39) Ve1 (30.50) V 3 (8.6175)
(2 )
 and
VS (1420.7) Ve1 V 3 (1.141) (0.5)[V 3 (6.894) Ve1(0.1111)] 0
or (1420.7)
VS (1420.7) Ve1 V 3 (4.588) 0
(4 )
From (2 ): (1420.76)
Ve1 VS V 3 (0.2825)
(0.6357)
Then substituting in (4 ):
VS (1420.7) (1420.76)[VS (0.6357) V 3 (0.2825)] V 3 (4.588) 0
VS V 3 (405.95) 0
Now (517.5)
I0 gm3V 3 V3 I0 (0.0130)
76.92
or V 3
Then VS I0 (0.0130)(405.95) 0
or (517.5)
I0
98.06 mA / V
VS

12.58
Computer Analysis

12.59

r 1r 2 (100)(0.026)
0.5 5.2 k
0.5
g g 19.23 mA / V
m1 m2
0.026
r3 (100)(0.026)
2 1.3 k
gm3 2
76.92 mA / V
0.026

V 1
g V gV V 2
0
m1 1 m22
r1 r 2 (1)
r1 r 2 and gm1 gm2 ,
Since then V 1 V 2
VS V 1 V 2 Ve3 2V 2 Ve3 (2)
V
g V 3
V 3 Ve3
r R 0
m2 2 (3)
3 C2
V3
gV Ve3 V 2
m3 3
r RF r
3 2 (4)
 RC 3
I0 (gm3V 3 )
RC 3 RL
(5)
Ve3 VS 2V 2
From (2):
1
V V 3 V3 (V 2V ) 0
2 S 2
(19.23) 1.3 18.6 18.6
or
(19.23)V 2 (0.8230)V 3 (0.05376)VS 0
(3 )
1 1 V
V 76.92 (V 2V ) 2
3 S 2
1.3 10 5.2
or
(77.69)V 3 (0.3923)V 2 (0.1)V
S
(4 )
2
I0 (76.92)V 3 (51.28)V 3
21
(5 )
From (3 ):
V2 (0.04255)V (0.002780)VS
Then 3

(77.69)V 3 (0.3923)[ (0.04255)V 3 (0.002780)VS ] (0.1)VS

(77.71)V 3 (0.0989)VS
or
V 3 (0.001273)VS
so that
I0 (51.28)(0.001273)VS
or
I0
(0.0653) mA/V
VS

12.60
(a) A Io 1
3 mA/V 333.3
gf
Vi R RE E

(b) A Io hFE Ag 80 1000

gf hFE Ag RE 2.9998875 mA/V
Vi 1 180 1000 0.33333
I o Ag f 5
14.9994377

Error 14.9994377 15.0

100% 0.00375%
15.0

12.61
(a) 5 I BQ RE VEB on I BQ RB
1 hFE

I BQ 5 0.7
0.030605 mA
100 81 0.5
I CQ 2.448 mA, and I 2.479 mA
EQ

VECQ 5 2.479 0.5 2.448 1 1.31V

 V Vo
(b) Vo V
h IF
o ro b 0
E RF
RC 111 V
RC ro RF hFE I b 0
Vo RF

V I br
V V V Vo
Is RB r RF
r r Vo
I sI b1
R B RF RF
Vo
Is
R F
I
b r r
1
RB RF
Vo
1 1 1 r RF Is
V h R F
0
o F
RC ro RF E r r
1 R R
B F

1 1 rr
Vo 1 r rVo
R r 1 RB RF hFE I s hFE 0
C o
RF RF RF RF
VA
Now r 100
40.85 k
o
IC 2.448
hQFEVT
r 80 0.026 0.8497 k
I CQ 2.448

Then V 1 1 1 0.8497 0.8497 0.8497 I 80 0.8497Vo 0

o 1 80 s
1 40.85 10 100 10 10 1010
Vo 9.22114 I s 79.915 0

Az f Vo
8.666 V/mA
I
s

Vo
1 1 8.666
V 1
I br I s RF 10
(c) Ri f r 0.8497
Is Is r r 0.84970.8497
1 R R 1 10010
B F
Ri f 0.1037 k
(d) I V xV x Vx
x R hFEI b
C ro RF RB r
V
r RB r
Ib , and V Rr Vx
Ix B R F
Vx hFE
1 1 1 RB r 1
Then r
Ro f RC ro RB r RF RB r RF
 RB r
100 0.8497 0.8425 k
1
1 1 80 0.8425 1
Ro f 1 40.85 0.8497 0.8425 10 0.8425 10
Then Ro 0.1186
f k

12.62
(a) (i) V 2
I DQ RD VGS Kn RD VGS VTN VGS
3 0.5 2
5 V 0.8V 0.16 VGS
G G
S S
We 2.5V V
2
2.6 0 1.239 V
find
VGS
G G
S S
I DQ 2
0.3522 mA
0.5 1.23 0.4
(ii) gm 9 0.8392 mA/V
2 0.5 0.3522
2 Kn I DQ

(b) (1) Vo Vgs

Vo gmVgs 0
RF
RD

(2) I Vgs Vo
s Vgs I s RF Vo
RF
11 1
Then Vo gm I s R F Vo 0
RD RF RF

1
Vo g m I s g m RF 1 0
RD
Vo 1 gm RF 1 0.8392 25
Az f I 1 1
s
gm 0.8392
RD 5
Az f 19.23 V/mA

(c) I
Vx Vgs and Vgs Vx
RD g
x m

Ix 1 1 1
gm 0.8392
Vx Ro f RD 5
Ro f 0.962 k

12.63

1
1gR RF
Az f m F g
m
(a) 1 1
gm 1
RD g m RD
As g m , Az f RF
 1 gm RF
(b) 0.95RF 1
gm
RD
23.75 1 gm 25
0.2 gm
So that gm 4.6 mA/V

12.64
dc analysis
RTH 24 || 150 20.7 k
24
(12) 1.655 V
VTH
24 150
1.655 0.7
0.00556 mA
IBQ 20.7 (151)(1)
0.834 mA
ICQ
so
(150)(0.026)
r 0.834 4.68 k
0.834
32.08 mA / V
gm 0.026

VS V V V V0
RS RB || r
RF
(1)
g V V0 V
0
V0
m
RC RF
(2)
From
(1):
VS
V 1 1 1 V0
5 5 20.7 || 4.68 RF RF
or

VS (0.20) 1V0
V 0.4620
RF RF
From (2):
1
32.08 RF 11
V V0 6 RF 0
so
1
V0 0.1667
RF
V 32.08
1
RF
(2)
 Then
0.16671
V0
1 R F V0
VS (0.20) 0.4620
RF 1 RF
32.08
RF
RF
Neglect the in the denominator term. Now
V0 V0
5 V (0.20)
V
S 0
VS 5

V (0.20)(0.20)R (0.4620R 1) V0 0.1667RF 1 V

0 F F 32.08RF 0

2
1.283R (0.4620R 1)(0.1667R 1) 32.08R
F F F F
2
1.206R F 32.71R 1 0
32.71(32.71)2 4(1.206)(1)
RF
2(1.206)
so that
RF
27.2 k

12.65
dc analysis
RTH 4 || 15 3.16 k RB
4
VTH 12 2.526 V
4 15
2.526 0.7
IBQ 3.16 (181)(4) 0.00251
0.452 mA
ICQ
(180)(0.026)
0.452 10.4 k
r
0.452
17.4 mA/V
0.026
gm

Vi V 1 V 1 V 1 V0
RS RB || r
RF
(1)
V2
g V 0
m1
R || || r
R (2)
C B
V 3
g V 0
m2
R C || || r
R (3)
g V V0 V0 V 1
m3 0
V0

RC RL RF
(4)
Now
RC || RB || r
8 || 3.16 || 10.4 1.86 k
RB || 3.16 || 10.4 2.42 k
r
Now substituting in (2):
(17.4)V 1 V2
1.8
0 2 (32.36)V 1
6 or V
and substituting in (3):
(17.4)V 2 V 3
0
1.86
(17.4)[ (32.36)V 1] V 3
0
1.86
V
or 3 (1047.3)V 1
Substitute numerical values in (1):
Vi 111V0
V
1
10 10 2.42 RF RF

or
1V0
Vi (0.10) V 1 0.513 RF RF
Substitute numerical values in (4):
1 11V 1
(17.4)(1047.3)V 1 V0 8 4 RF RF 0

4 1 1
V 1.822 10 V 0.375 0
1 RF 0 RF

V 0.3751
0R
V 1 F
4
1
1.822 10
RF
so that
1
1 V0 0.375 R V0
Vi (0.10) 0.513 F
RF 1 RF
1.822 104
RF
V0
80
V
Vi
We have or V0
i 80
1
0.375
(0.10) 1 RF 1
0.513
80 4 1 RF
RF 1.822 10

1/ RF
Neglect that
RF
term in the denominator.
(0.00125R ) 1)
(0.513RF 1)
1
(0.375RF
F 4
1.822 10 R F
2 4
22.775R (0.513R 1)(0.375R 1) 1.822 10 R
F F F F

We find
2 4
22.58RF 1.822 10 R 1 0
 1.822 104 (1.822 104 )2 4(22.58)(1)
RF
2(22.58)
or
RF 0.807 M

12.66

VS ( Vd )
Vd V1
RS
a. RF
or
11VS V1
Vd RS RF RS RF 0
(1)
V0 V1 V1 V1 ( Vd )
R1 RF

R2
or
V0 111Vd (2)
V1 RV VF0
1 R2 RF R
R1 d
V0 A0LVd A0 L
and or
Substitute numerical values in (1) and (2):
V0 11VS V1
0
104 5 10510
or
4
V0(0.3 10 )
VS V1(0.10) 0
(1)
(0.20)
V0 1 1 1 V0 1
V1
4
50 50 10 10 10 10
or
5
V0(0.02 10 ) V1 (0.22)
(2)
0.02 10 5
V1 V0
0.22
Then
and 4
0.02 10 5
V0 (0.3 10 ) VS (0.20) (0.10) V0 0
0.22

V0 4 5
0.3 10 0.4545 10 0.00909 VS (0.20) 0
V0 0.20 V0
S21.94
Then V9.115 10 3 V
S
 R Vd RS
Vifd
V ( V ) V V
S d S d
RS
b.

Vd V0 21.94VS
Now A0 10
4

Rif 4
(21.94 10 )(5)
Then 4
1 21.942 10
R 1.099 10 k R 10.99
if if
or
A0
c. Because of the source,
V
L d

R0 f 0

12.67
For example, use the circuit shown in Figure 12.41

12.68
Break the loop

It I
V0 V0
AIi t 0
RRR
1FSiR
Now
I RSV0
r RS Ri RF RS Ri

V0 r (RF RS Ri )
RS Ri RS
I
or
Then
1 1 RS Ri
Ai I t (RF RS Ri ) 0
R1 RF RS Ri RS
Ir
Ir Ai
T T
It
1 1 RS Ri
(RF RS Ri )
R1 RF RS Ri R
S