Distribution Overhead and

Underground Operations and

Maintenance Conference

March 15-16, 2017

Denver Marriott South at Park Meadows
Lone Tree, CO

Instructed by:
Clifton Boop, Supervisor, Distribution Operations, Technical Support, Arizona Public Service
Robert Ousley, Supervisor, Distribution Operations Center, Arizona Public Service
Bill Menge, Director, SmartGrid, Kansas City Power & Light
Joshua Jones, Director, T&D Standards Engineering, PacifiCorp
Matt Wells, Operations Superintendent II, Colorado Springs Utilities
David Tomczyszyn, Power System Consulting Engineer, Austin Energy
Thomas Magee, Partner, Keller and Heckman LLP
Sanket Adhikari, Supervisor, Transmission Operations Engineering, Arizona Public Service
Mark Lesiw, Electric Standards Manager, Xcel Energy
Bill Galloway, Standards Managing Engineer, Colorado Springs Utilities

WiFi Information
Network: Marriott_Conference
Password: RMEL2017

RMEL ~ 6855 S. Havana, Ste 430 ~ Centennial, CO 80112 ~ (303) 865-5544 ~ FAX: (303) 865-5548 ~ www.RMEL.org

CONFERENCE Agenda
Wednesday,
March 15, 2017
8:30 a.m. - 9:15 a.m.
Communicating Fault
Indicators
Clifton Boop, Supervisor,
Distribution Operations,
Technical Support, Arizona
Public Service
Robert Ousley, Supervisor,
Distribution Operations
Center, Arizona Public Service
This presentation will cover
utilization of communicating
fault indicators on the APS
Distribution System. The
presentation will include
initial experience and use of
CFI’s in addition to updates
and most valuable strategy
and locations we have found
for them. We will cover the
strengths and weaknesses
we have discovered and con-
tinue to learn with deploying
approximately 800+ devices
onto our system.
9:15 a.m. 10:00 a.m.
Distribution SCADA
“Lite” without a SCADA
System and Automatic
Reconfiguration of
Distribution System After
a Fault
Bill Menge, Director,
SmartGrid, Kansas City Power
& Light
As part a “fork-lift” upgrade
of the OMS System, KCP&L
integrated monitoring and
control of Distribution
Automation (DA) equipment
directly into the OMS. Previ-
ously portions of the DA
system were integrated into
the EMS SCADA system with
other components operated
via a web-based platform.
Now Operators receive
alarms and can control DA
equipment DIRECTLY from
the OMS without having to
login to other systems. This
dramatically reduced the
number and complexity of
the interfaces required for
daily operations.
10:00 a.m. - 10:15 a.m.
Networking Break
10:15 a.m. - 11:15 a.m.
Mobile Data & Workforce
Management - A Discus-
sion of Current Utility
Deployments and Trends
Joshua Jones, Director, T&D
Standards Engineering,
PacifiCorp
Matt Wells, Operations
Superintendent II, Colorado
Springs Utilities
Robert Ousley, Supervisor,
Distribution Operations
Center, Arizona Public Service
David Tomczyszyn, Power
System Consulting Engineer,
Austin Energy
Many utilities are navigating
through the best practices
to maximize on mobile work-
force management. Attend-
ees will participate in open
conversation regarding their
current utility deployments
and trends.
11:15 a.m. - Noon
Small Cell Attachments to
Utility Poles
Thomas Magee, Partner,
Keller and Heckman LLP
This presentation will
discuss the regulatory and
operational issues pertaining
to small cell wireless at-
tachments to electric utility
poles, and explain provisions
utility pole owners can use
to protect themselves.
12:00 p.m. - 1:00 p.m.
Networking Lunch
*Visit www.RMEL.org for the latest topic and
speaker information.
1:00 p.m. - 2:45 p.m.
Distribution Vital Issues
Roundtable
Bring roundtable topics
for discussion and/or send
topics ahead of time to
jamessakamoto@rmel.org.
Roundtables offer a unique
forum for peer-to-peer shar-
ing of experiences, critical
issues and expertise. The
roundtable is a discussion
group, open only to RMEL
members. Discussion is
based on topics brought by
attendees. Roundtables are
focused on the open discus-
sion period and provide
each attendee the oppor-
tunity for participation and
dialogue on their particular
issue. Roundtables are
held in conjunction with a
conference and many topics
presented at the conference
are discussed further in
the roundtable setting. The
roundtable is a good oppor-
tunity to share experiences,
troubleshoot problems
and network with peers in
a smaller, informal setting.
Each participant is offered
a chance to pose questions
and share information. All
attendees are encouraged to
bring issues for discussion
and materials for sharing.
2:45 p.m. - 3:00 p.m.
Networking Break
3:00 p.m. - 3:45 p.m.
PacifiCorp’s Integration
of Distributed Energy
Resources and Electric
Vehicles
Joshua Jones, Director, T&D
Standards Engineering,
PacifiCorp
The electric utility industry
is changing and in order to
provide the best service for
our customers the traditional
electric utility industry must
change with it. People
interact with our product in
much different ways than
they did in the past and now
expect to see options in the
products and services we
provide. PacifiCorp will be
discussing how they have
adapted their business to
provide distributed energy
resource options and what
they are doing to optimize
the integration of electric
vehicles.
3:45 p.m. - 4:30 p.m.
APS Solar Partner
Program
Sanket Adhikari, Supervisor,
Transmission Operations
Engineering, Arizona Public
Service Company
Increasing levels of rooftop
PV penetration on distribu-
tion feeders in APS’s service
territory have introduced
various challenges in the Dis-
tribution System. Through
Solar Partner Program
(SPP), APS is getting deeper
understanding of these chal-
lenges and is researching
the use of the technologies
like residential advanced
inverters and feeder level
energy storage to address
these challenges. As part of
SPP, APS installed more than
1500 utility owned residen-
tial rooftop PV systems for
total of 10MW, all equipped
with smart inverters and
controlled from a centralized
control system. In addition,
APS has also installed two
2MWhr battery energy stor-
age systems on two distribu-
tion feeders. APS has been
conducting an 18 month long
research on these technolo-
gies in collaboration with
Electric Power Research
Institute (EPRI). This pre-
sentation will inform about
the design and architecture
of the program, challenges
encountered, innovative so-
lutions implemented and the
initial research findings.
4:30 p.m. - 5:30 p.m.
Networking Hour
 Distribution Operations and Maintenance Conference
Thursday,
March 16, 2017
8:00 a.m. - 9:30 a.m.
Distribution Vital Issues
Roundtable
Bring roundtable topics
for discussion and/or send
topics ahead of time to
jamessakamoto@rmel.org.
9:30 a.m. - 9:45 a.m.
Networking Break
9:45 a.m. - 10:00 a.m.
Attendee Announcements
Any registered attendee
is invited to make a short
announcement on their com-
pany, new products, tech-
nologies or informational
updates. Announcements
may include showing a
product sample but not vid-
eos and power point slides.
Please limit announcement
to 5 minutes.
10:00-10:45 a.m.
Making the Move to LED
Lighting, What Should
You Be Thinking About?
Mark Lesiw, Electric
Standards Manager, Xcel
Energy
Utilities across the United
States have been upgrad-
ing traditional streetlights
Industry Best Practices for Emerging Technologies. Developing
Technologies and Industry Practices as it Evolves Around Us
to Light Emitting Diode
(LED) technology. LED’s use
significantly less energy than
traditional lighting and typi-
cally have much longer use-
ful life spans. While making
the switch to LED’s seems to
be a “no brainer”, as is often
the case, the upgrades to
LED’s can get difficult once a
utility reviews the details of
the numerous LED offerings.
For example, recently the
American Medical Associa-
tion issued a report claiming
there may be health and en-
vironmental concerns associ-
ated with certain LED’s. This
presentation will detail those
and other issues utilities
moving to LED streetlights
should consider.
10:45 a.m. - 11:30 a.m.
2017 NESC Arc Flash
Update and Methods to
Reduce Exposure Without Thank You RMEL Distribution
Increasing PPE
Bill Galloway, Standards
Committee
Managing Engineer, Colorado CHAIR Brent Gerling
Springs Utilities
Bill Galloway Independence Power & Light
David Tomczyszyn, Power Colorado Springs Utilities Distribution Engineer
System Consulting Engineer, Standards Managing Engi-
Austin Energy neer Joshua Jones
An overview of the Arc Flash PacifiCorp
and PPE requirement chang- VICE CHAIR Director, T&D Standards
es affecting utilities in the Ebi Kazemi Engineering
2017 NESC. And examples Black Hills Corporation
of how utilities are reducing Manager, Engineering Mark Lesiw
potential arc flash exposure Xcel Energy
to their employees without Andy Alexander Electric Standards Manager
increasing their PPE. Kansas City Power & Light
Manager T&D Central Design Bryce Priest
SRP
John Cole Sr. Engineer
Arizona Public Service
Section Leader, Operations/ David Tomczyszyn
Maintenance Austin Energy
Power System Consulting
Engineer
The RMEL Distribution Committee plans all RMEL
Distribution events. If you’d like to send information
to the committee, email James Sakamoto at
jamessakamoto@rmel.org.
Communicating Fault Indicators

Clifton Boop
Supervisor, Distribution Operations, Technical
Support
Arizona Public Service

Robert Ousley
Supervisor, Distribution Operations Center
Arizona Public Service
 Communicating Fault Indicators

Arizona Public Service

Clifton Boop Robert Ousley

Supervisor DOC Technical Support Supervisor, DOC
 Arizona Public Service Company
Transmission & Distribution Overview
• APS Customers
– 1.2 million customers
– 11 out of 15 counties in Arizona
– 35,000 square mile service territory
– 6th largest service territory out of 150 investor-
owned utility operating companies reported by EEI*

• Transmission and
Distribution Employees
– 394 Distribution Operations & Maintenance
– 236 Transmission Operations & Maintenance
– 316 Construction
– 295 Statewide Region
– 116 Safety & Performance Excellence
– 148 Engineering
– 1,505 Total T&D employees

• Equipment
– 34,601 Residential Solar systems installed (7/2015)
• 244 MWs residential PV/ 263 MWs Commercial PV
– 6,000 transmission miles
– 29,000 distribution miles
– 521,000 poles
– 302,000 transformers
– 419 substations
– 1,300+ overhead and underground distribution feeders
– 1,200+ smart circuit devices deployed on over 250 feeders by 2015;
devices include Communicating Fault indicators, automated switches,
network protectors, volt/VAR control, Substation health monitors, etc.
*2013 data

2
Why the Grid Must Change
Traditional Flexible
Grid Grid
1-Way Power Flow 2-Way Power Flow

Seasonal Voltage Dynamic Voltage

Settings Variability

Renewable
Base Load Generation
Intermittency

Sizing for Increased

Planning Criteria
Renewables

Load/Generation Load/Generation
Matching Mismatch

3
 Drivers For Change
Energy Independence, Distributed Energy,
Utility Scale Solar, Electric Vehicles, Microgrids,
and Demand Response

Smart Phone Applications, Opt-in Transforming

Notifications, Home Energy Marketplace Microprocessors, Advanced
Management, Self-Service, Service Applications, Battery Storage, Wireless
Options, and Customized Offerings Devices, and Cloud Computing

Customer/
Consumer Technology
Needs and Advancement
Expectations Need
For
Change
Less Customer Outages, Reduced
Restoration Times, Improved Power Increased Asset Life, Improved
Quality, and Increased Outage Reliability Asset Capacity Factors, Reduced Losses,
Communications Performance Utilization Improved Power Factors, and
Increased System Efficiencies

4
 APS 5-Year Technology Deployment Plan
Integrated Volt/VAR Control (IVVC) Synchrophasors
991 Devices on 153 Feeders Network Protectors 15 Devices
120 Devices

Energy Management
Integrated Operating System (EMS) Upgrades
Center with Advanced
Distribution AMI
Management System 1.2 Million Meters Deployed

Transformer Load Management Tool

Renewable Feeder Tool
Fire Mitigation
Expulsion Limiting Fuses
Supervisory Controlled Switches
710 Devices on 284 Feeders

Voltage Visualization Substation Health Monitoring

Communicating Fault Indicators (CFI) 579 Devices at 142 Substations
2,607 Devices on 568 Feeders

5
STEPS TAKEN TO SUPPORT NEW TECHNOLOGY

• Metro & State area Operation Centers

integrated from 5 DOC’s into one centralized
Operation Center. (2014)
• Implemented ADMS January 2017
• Best in Class Initiative (ongoing)
• Data Analytics
Overhead/Underground CFI’s
 Construction & Installation

• The GridAdvisor Series II smart sensor consists of a sensor unit with an integral
dual LED indicator powered by a rechargeable Lithium phosphate battery. Rugged
solid-state construction ensures dependability and accuracy.
• Installation is quick and easy. No special tools are required. The sensor unit itself
features a clamping mechanism design that allows easy snap-on connection to the
live conductor with the use of a single hotstick.
• APS requirement is a minimum of 10 amps per phase continuous.
• Coordination between Engineer & Load Management Specialist /Planner to select
device locations.
• Feeders and locations selected based off reliability data, geographic accessibility,
length, and some placed to compliment other SMG device locations.
 Benefits
• The estimated benefit is derived from the following areas:
– Reduced Distribution Operations & Maintenance Cost
– Reduced Sustained Outages*
– Reduced Restoration Cost
– Reduced Lost Energy Revenue
– Reduced Vehicle Safety Events
– Reduced Customer Outage Minutes*
– Narrowed patrol area after momentary outages*
– Increased confidence that troubleshooter will find cause *
 Visualization
• Grid Advisor – SG Net
• CFI Application – Pi Processbook
• Pi Coresight
SG Net – Grid Advisor
CFI Application – Pi Processbook
Active loss of current
Pi Coresight
Pi Coresight
 Current State
Locations:
• Total of 1152 devices at approximately 392
different sites. (mixture of 1, 2, & 3-ph sites)

• Installing in conjunction with SCADA

Controlled Switches & other SG Devices.
 Lessons Learned
• Location selection for battery charging
• Seasonal load areas
• Battery issues due to outages or line
construction in area.
• Ease of visualization for Operations Center
Battery Replacement
Questions?
Distribution SCADA “Lite” without
a SCADA System and Automatic
Reconfiguration of Distribution
System After a Fault

Bill Menge
Director, SmartGrid
Kansas City Power & Light
 RMEL Distribution Operations and Maintenance Conference
March 15-16, 2017 Denver, Colorado

How KCP&L Created a Distribution SCADA-Lite

without a Distribution SCADA System

Bill Menge
Smart Grid Director
Kansas City Power & Light
KCP&L – Midsize Investor Owned Electric Utility

Key Statistics
Customers 830,000
Geography 18,000 sq mi
Missouri & Kansas
Employees 3,000+
Generation 6,600 MW
Distribution Subs 315
Distribution Circuits 1600
2
KCP&L – Midsize Investor Owned Electric Utility

Key Statistics
Customers 830,000
Geography 18,000 sq mi
Missouri & Kansas
Employees 3,000+
Generation 6,600 MW
Distribution Subs 315
Distribution Circuits 1600
3
 KCP&L Capacitor Communications Timeline
(significant to DA history)

Tropos (12-14)
~90% of capacitors are automated, reducing FlexNet (2014)
need for time-based maintenance.
Telemetric Public Cellular (Analog, 2G, 3G)

Cellnet 2-Way (ends 2015)

Timeline
Energyline/
2-Way Cap Winmon Near Unity TC012 TC032 S-Grid CBC-8000
Cellnet AMR Intellicap Win Mon
Comms Query Tool KCPL PF Control Control VVC Demo Control
Controls

1993
95 93 95 95 97 02-08 03 10 14 15
Remote Settings - Tuning
Key

Communications Pink text is Fixed Bank Automation

1999
SmartGrid Demo Hawthorn

Functionality
Explodes Dynamic Voltage Control

GMO Automation

VVC Demo
OMS Integ

4
 KCPL DA Device Population

Capacitors – 2511 Reclosers - 120 Intellirupter- 12 Regulators– 12 FCI – 268

 Cellnet 418  All Cellular  All Cellular  All Cellular  All Cellular
 Cellular 1733
 Flexnet 360

UG Network - 134 Vista – 13 Trident – 1 TVM Voltage 50 CO & DVC – 203 Buses
 All Cellular  All Cellular  All Cellular Monitor – 122  EMS Comms
(SF6 in Vaults) (solid Dielectric in vault)  All Cellular (50 CO is remote enabling of fast
trips. DVC is Voltage Reduction)

Other - ~20 Total Automated Devices: ~3200

(not including 50 CO and DVC)

5
KCPL DA Devices w/ Sensus Communications

Capacitors – 2511 Reclosers - 120 Intellirupter- 12 Regulators– 12 FCI – 268

 Cellnet 418  All Cellular  All Cellular  All Cellular  All Cellular
 Cellular 1733
 Flexnet 360

UG Network - 134 Vista – 13 Trident – 1 TVM Voltage 50 CO & DVC – 203 Buses
 All Cellular  All Cellular  All Cellular Monitor – 122  EMS Comms
(SF6 in Vaults) (solid Dielectric in vault)  All Cellular (50 CO is remote enabling of fast
trips. DVC is Voltage Reduction)

Other - ~20 Total Automated Devices: ~3200

(not including 50 CO and DVC)

6
KCPL DA Communications

Three DA Communications Infrastructures

prior to Project
 Cellnet (retired 8/15/2015)
 Sensus (formerly Telemetric) Public Cellular
 Sensus Flexnet – Private Cellular

TROPOS wireless mesh was piloted in a SmartGrid Demo, but not

selected for enterprise deployment.

7
KCPL DA Communications History

 Various one-way pager pilots – 1980’s

 CellNet early 1990’s
 Metricom/UtiliNet radios – mid 1990’s
 Commercial Analog Radio – rural applic 2001
 GPRS 2G Public Cellular – 2006 (Retires 2016)
 GPRS 3G Public Cellular – 2011
 TROPOS – Piloted in SmartGrid Demonstration
 FlexNet – early applications – 2014

In-use today. 8
KCPL Distribution Platform Consolidation

Sensus Sensus Sensus

Winmon Power Auto. Email
(Cellnet DA) EMS OMS Vista Contol Notification

DSO Dispatcher Systems

Prior to
OMS-Phase-II D-SCADA-Lite

Separate Interfaces complicate life in the DSO

(Distribution System Operations).

Operators did NOT get consistent look & feel

9
KCPL Distribution Platform Consolidation

EMS OMS

DSO Dispatcher Systems

TODAY with D-SCADA-Lite

 Winmon Retired 8/15/2015

 Sensus Website still available as a Backup (Heavy Engr use)
 Desire to Integrate EMS to OMS for Breaker Status

Now Operators get consistent look & feel

10
 Oracle NMS Viewer (DSCADA-Lite)

Point & Click Screens

within the OMS Viewer

Operators get
consistent look & feel
11
 Legacy Integration to EMS SCADA

EMS Replaced in 2015 Retired in 2015

NO DA in SCADA 12
 Pre-project State - 2014

Flex
v1
SXG =
FLEX v1
Sensus ScadaXchange

PV I wish I could see and

Aeris (PowerVista)
operate all the DA
SXG Devices thru my OMS
without having to go to
3G-CDMA
ATT Secure VPN EMS SCADA or Sensus
Internet via KCPL DNP 3.0
(ScadaXChange) Web.
Single Sign-on

2G 3G

DNP Proxy Server

KCPL
PowerVista
(“Bow Box”) EMS (SCADA)
Web Apps
KCPL SCADA

Legacy OMS is COMPLETELY separated from all DA.

Operating data has to be entered manually to OMS. 13
Integrating DA Devices into New OMS (SCADA-Lite)

Oracle Network
Manager System
– KCPL OMS
DNP3

ICCP

Sensus Cloud
Platform Including
SCADA-Xchange –
LiveData RTI Operates as Manages the FAN
Real-time OT Centric Middleware
Platform – reduces OT integration time.
User-friendly Config tools. 14
 Current State – Live in 2Q 2015

I’m so happy. I run OMS

Flex
v1 and SCADA-Lite from one
SXG =
FLEX v1
Sensus ScadaXchange
screen & I don’t care how
it gets here.
PV
Aeris (PowerVista)
SXG

3G-CDMA
ATT Secure VPN
Internet via KCPL DNP 3.0
KCPL OMS
Single Sign-on (ScadaXChange)
(Operations)

2G 3G
Live Data KCPL OMS
RTI Platform (Oracle NMS)
PowerVista Live Data
OT Message Bus/Server
Web Apps ICCP (Not a SCADA System)
(Redundant)
(Mostly Engineering)

Now Operators get consistent look & feel.

15
OMS tracks the DA operating data.
OMS DNP Point List/Testing – for DSO

Total DSO Required Total NMS Testing Device

Device Type AI DI DO AI DI SCADA Testing Resources
Points Alarming Points Availability

TC032 27 4 17 6 2 0 2 DA, OMS, SE, LD, OR* Y

ETI-Relay Network
22 5 11 6 3 2 1 DA, OMS, SE, LD, OR, RL, UD Y
protector
TC012 10 5 5 0 0 0 0 DA, OMS, SE LD, OR Y
Copper 34kv
64 17 31 16 2 0 2 DA, OMS, SE, LD, OR, RL Y
Recloser LS
Copper 34kv
76 23 31 16 2 0 2 DA, OMS, SE, LD, OR, RL Y
Recloser LS2
TVM3 11 10 1 0 0 0 0 DA, OMS, SE LD, OR Y
INT120S Cap
29 6 13 10 0 0 0 DA, OMS, SE LD, OR Y
Control
INT120 VARN Cap
18 3 10 5 0 0 0 DA, OMS, SE LD, OR Y
Control
T600/T646 (FCI) 3 1 2 0 0 0 0 DA, OMS, SE LD, OR Y
MJXL 7 0 4 3 0 0 0 DA, OMS, SE LD, OR ??
EL1000N Cap
19 6 7 6 0 0 0 DA, OMS, SE LD, OR Y
Control

SC VistaGear 16 0 12 4 2 0 2 DA, OMS, SE LD, OR, RL ??

Pulse Recloser 38 20 14 4 4 0 4 DA, OMS, SE LD, OR, RL ??

Nule ACR 31 10 17 4 2 0 2 DA, OMS, SE LD, OR, RL ??

Nule ACO 27 9 9 9 3 0 3 DA, OMS, SE LD, OR, RL ??

16
Control of Field Devices from OMS

Operators get consistent look & feel

17
OMS Alarming in Oracle NMS

Operators get consistent look & feel 18

 Real Time Integration – Many Flexible Options

Option B Third-Party
SCADA System
Option B.3
Option B.1
IED
Sensus DNP/TCP/IP
SCADA_Xchange Secure VPN Option B.2
FCI
Server
Option A
DA

ICCP
Live Data
DA Device
Server/OTMB

RTP
CAP DNP/TCP/IP TCP/IP
control Smart IED
Recloser Option C
KCPL
OMS D-SCADA

19
KCPL Potential Long Range Roadmap

Y Y
X
Vendor X Z Z

Headend or Web Integrate to

End Devices
X S-Slave FLEX V2

X
FLEX V1
Integrate to System(s) Flex v1
S-Master (or v2)

Sensus
Power Vista AC v3.?
(Automation
Components Control) ATT
left off to save SXG nG

space

Internet
2G
3G
4G No 2G in AC
AC LTE
Web Apps Web Apps are 3G Via Repoint
powerful tool for ATT Sunset ~2018
4G LTE
Engineering and Available 2015
KCPL OMS Live Data are a built-in
(Oracle NMS) (Redundant)
Live Data backup system.
(Not a SCADA System)

I’m extremely happy. I run OMS and SCADA-Lite from one terminal/screen & I
don’t have to care how it gets here…… AND Engineering can bring in devices
from all kinds of vendors for amazing operational functionality – usually without
KCPL OMS
(Operations)
bothering KCPL-IT. 20
I Love D-SCADA Lite!! – Why would I need to buy a D-Scada system?
 Why Use Middleware (LiveData RTI)?

LiveData’s RTI Platform/OT Message Bus

 Real-time OT centric middleware platform
 Ensure the protection of
 Life, equipment, environment
 Supports many utility protocols including:
 ICCP, DNP3, modbus, OPC, Web Services
 Python support, 50+ built-in data filters and templating
 Faster OT system integrations
 Less risk, less cost, less one-off custom point-to-point solutions
 User-friendly Configuration tools
 Future-proof system integration
 More tolerant of lossy and messy radio networks

21
Middleware ConfigTool

 Point and click ‒ easy dataflow configuration

 Simplifies the complexity of OT integration (use of templates)
 Robust change management for lifecycle control 22
 Middleware Config on KCP&L Project

 90,000 data points

 Reduced to 30 templates

 Significant cost/time
savings relative to custom
interface

 LiveData actively manages

Sensus/Oracle interface

 Data flow 138 feet by 8

feet at full scale

23
23
 Questions
Bill Menge
Smart Grid Director
Kansas City Power & Light
816-245-3926 bill.mengea@kcpl.com

A special Thank You to Tianling Wu, KCP&L DA Engineering – KCP&L’s project architect.
Small Cell Attachments to Utility
Poles

Thomas Magee
Partner
Keller and Heckman LLP
 Small Cell Attachments to Utility Poles
March 15, 2017

Thomas B. Magee, Partner

Keller and Heckman LLP
Washington, DC Office
202.434.4128
magee@khlaw.com

Copyright © 2017 | www.khlaw.com Keller and Heckman LLP 1

 Overview

 What Are Small Cells and Why Are We

Going to See A Lot More of Them?
 Regulation of Small Cell Attachments
 Contract/Rate/Construction Standard
Issues

Copyright © 2017 | www.khlaw.com Keller and Heckman LLP 2

 Wireless Capacity Expansion

 Mobile Wireless Data Consumption to

Increase Six Fold by 2022
 FCC Estimates New Small Cell Antenna
Construction Sites
• 100,000 to 150,000 by end of 2018
• 455,000 by 2020
• Nearly 800,000 by 2026
 Estimated 50% or More On Utility Poles

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 Small Cell Map

Copyright © 2017 | www.khlaw.com Keller and Heckman LLP 4

 Typical Small Cell Deployment

 Fiber Attached to Every Pole

 Every 6-15 Poles – “Node” Pole:
• Antenna
• 2.5 Foot Cabinet
• Wire Connecting Cabinet to Antenna
• Electric Distribution Panel
• 120V, 20A GFCI Work Receptacle
• Electric Meter
• Work Light

Copyright © 2017 | www.khlaw.com Keller and Heckman LLP 5

 AT&T on a Utility Pole

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 Crown Castle in Princeton, NJ

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 Crown Castle in Franklin Village, MI

Copyright © 2017 | www.khlaw.com Keller and Heckman LLP 8

 Crown Castle Pole in Broward Cty, FL

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 Sprint in Detroit, MI

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 Crown Castle on Utility Poles

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 Crown Castle Pole Multi-Carrier

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 Cable Wi-Fi

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 Strand-Mounted Cable Wi-Fi

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 Pole Attachment Act

 47 U.S.C. 224
 FCC Regulates Attachments to IOU
Poles in 30 States
• State Regulation in 20 and Wash, D.C.
• Some Regulate Co-op & Muni Poles
 FCC Regulations Often Followed by
States

Copyright © 2017 | www.khlaw.com Keller and Heckman LLP 15

 Pole Attachment Act

 Applies to Cable & Telecom Cos.

 Wireless Telecom Qualifies
 Non-discriminatory Access to Poles,
Ducts, Conduits and Rights-of-Way
 Regulated Rates
 Can Deny Access for Capacity, Safety,
Reliability & Engineering Reasons

Copyright © 2017 | www.khlaw.com Keller and Heckman LLP 16

 Poles Covered

 Distribution Poles
 Not Street Light-Only Poles
 Not Street Light Arms
 Not Transmission-Only Towers
• But w/Distribution Under-build?

Copyright © 2017 | www.khlaw.com Keller and Heckman LLP 17

 Types of Wireless Companies

 CMRS Providers
 DAS Companies
 WISPS
 Infrastructure-Only Attachers
 Cable Company WiFi/Wireless
Broadband

Copyright © 2017 | www.khlaw.com Keller and Heckman LLP 18

 FCC Small Cell Proceeding

November 2016
Mobilitie Petition Claims Local Gov’t Site
Approval Slow and Expensive
December 2016
FCC Asks for Comments on How to
Streamline Local Gov’t Review

Copyright © 2017 | www.khlaw.com Keller and Heckman LLP 19

 State Small Cell Legislation

 Legislation Introduced 17 States (so far)

 Limit Local Gov’t Review Time and ROW
Access Fees
 Some Set Attachment Rates to Muni
Poles
 Two Would Have Affected Co-op Poles
 Most Envision Wireless Cos. Installing
Own Poles

Copyright © 2017 | www.khlaw.com Keller and Heckman LLP 20

 Construction Standards
 Primary Voltage Poles – Pole Top Access?
 Poles with Reclosers, Sectionalizers,
Capacitors, Regulators, Multiple Risers,
Other Large Equipment?
 Truck Accessible
 Adequate Strength/Space for Installation?
 Maintain Climbing Space
 Grounded Antenna
 Equipment On/Off Pole?

Copyright © 2017 | www.khlaw.com Keller and Heckman LLP 21

 Radiofrequency Radiation Issues

 Maximum Permissible Exposure

Compliance?
 Interference With Utility Wireless?
 Certification by Telecom Engineer
 On/Off Switch
 Posting of RF Signs
 Citizen Opposition

Copyright © 2017 | www.khlaw.com Keller and Heckman LLP 22

 Rates

 FCC Requires Cost-Based

 California PUC Formula
 Pole Top Different?
 What if Replace Pole?

Copyright © 2017 | www.khlaw.com Keller and Heckman LLP 23

 Wireless Attachment Contract Issues
 Application Process, Identification and
Approval
 Installation and Maintenance
• Radiofrequency Interference and Exposure
Testing, Mitigation, Notifications and
Certification
 Authorized Uses and Access
 Landowner/Government Authorizations
 Attachment Fees and Penalties
 Indemnifications and Other Safeguards

Copyright © 2017 | www.khlaw.com Keller and Heckman LLP 24

 Don’t We Have Enough Stuff Already?

Copyright © 2017 | www.khlaw.com Keller and Heckman LLP 25

 THANK YOU
Thomas B. Magee, Partner
Keller and Heckman LLP
Washington, DC Office
202.434.4128
magee@khlaw.com

Washington, DC • Brussels • San Francisco • Shanghai • Paris

Copyright © 2017 | www.khlaw.com Kellerand

Keller andHeckman
HeckmanLLP
LLP 26
 PacifiCorp’s Integration of
Distributed Energy Resources and
Electric Vehicles

Joshua Jones
Director, T&D Standards Engineering
PacifiCorp
 A Grid In Transition

Joshua Jones, PE
Director, T&D Standards
 About PacifiCorp

• Customers 1.8 million

• Employees 5,700
• Territory 143,000 sq. mi.
• Distribution 64,000 Line Miles
• Transmission 16,500 Line Miles
• Generation
72 Plants
10,894 MW Capacity

2
A Century of Service
• Salt Lake City was the fifth
city in the world to have
central station electricity
behind only London, New
York City, San Francisco and
Cleveland.

• Rocky Mountain Power

dates back to 1881.

• PacifiCorp is the
combination of 368
companies

3
 Primary Voltages

• 2.4kV • 12.47kV • 34.5kV • 138kV

• 4.16kv • 13.2kV • 46kV • 161kV
• 7.2kV • 13.8kV • 57kV • 230kV
• 11.5kV • 20.8kV • 69kV • 345kV
• 12kV • 24.94kV • 115kV • 500kV

That’s 20 primary supply voltages.

4
 Total Responsibility

• Generation
– Coal/Gas/Wind/Solar/Geothermal
• Substation
• Distribution
– Overhead
• NESC and GO95 Network System
– Underground
• NESC and GO128
– Network
• Transmission
– Overhead
– Underground
• Communications
5
 The Transition

Efficient
• How fast can you build a substation /
transmission line / distribution line
• How to buy the hardware at the best
price
• How to prevent customer impact from
motor starts, flicker, power quality
Effective
• How to defer investments with
distributed energy resources
• How to find good manufacturers in a
global economy
• How do we work with our customers
to avoid impacts.

Our customers need to work with us! What do our customers value and
how can we provide that?

6
Improving Customer Reliability

Visual Indication
Directional Indication

Communicating
Improving Customer Reliability

8
Improving Customer Reliability

Loss of Current

No Alarm

Recloser
Fault Indicator

9
Integrating Distributed Generation

10
Customer Rooftop Generation

11
 Handling Reverse Power Flow
• Without distributed energy resources
– Energy flows from utility
to the customer

• With distributed energy resources

– Energy flows to and from
the customer depending
on the time of day and
their consumption

• Voltage control is independent of

current flow

12 12
 Maintain Customers Voltage

• Service voltage bandwidth = ANSI Range A

– Nominal +/-5% for secondary delivery
126
Voltage

Line regulator
120

114

Length

13
Voltage Control Modes

14
 Integrating Distributed Generation

Traditional Regulator Control

– Single phase controller
– Available reverse power flows would not
allow regulation in the reverse mode
– Regulation is blocked during reverse power
flow
Co-generation Regulator Controls
– Source and load PTs are required
– Allows regulation in the reverse power flow:
• Block
• Regulate
• Line drop compensation
• Adjust bands
15
 Bi-directional Reclosers

Line Reclosers
– Fault settings
• Forward
• Reverse
– Load/source voltage sensors
– Communication enabled

Generation Reclosers
– Transfer-trip capabilities
– Generation/load shedding
– Dead-line check

16
Improve Reliability / Storage

17
 Improve Reliability / Storage

• Current subdivision
standard is a 75kVA
serving 8-10 homes

• 5% of new transformers
installed are ideally design
to accept this device

• Requires fire department

approval
18
Battery and Storage

19
Evolution of Electric Vehicles

20
Improve Air Quality

21
CO2 Emission by Sector

22
 Integrating Electric Vehicles
• EV integration
• Understand user behavior
• Build infrastructure to
meet demand
• Improve air quality

23
Integrating Electric Vehicles

24
 Integrating Electric Vehicles
• Design and Develop Screening Locations
– Residential
– Commercial / Transit Corridor
– Electric Bus Integration
• Modeling and Testing
– Transformer loading
– Voltage regulation
– Power quality effects
• Develop Utility Best Practices
– Screening criteria
– Build new construction standards
– Reduce infrastructure requirements

25
 Delivering Our Core Business

• Declining US product sales

• Overseas production
• Product testing
– Approval
– Post contract
– Product failure resolution
• How do we make changes in a
declining market?

26
Berkshire Hathaway Energy

27
Berkshire Hathaway Energy Standards

• Develop common
specifications
• Utilize the
products the
same way
• Increase market
volume
• Reduce cost and
drive product
development
28
Questions?

29
 APS Solar Partner Program

Sanket Adhikari
Supervisor, Transmission Operations Engineering
Arizona Public Service
APS – Solar Partner Program
Sanket Adhikari
Supervisor, Transmission Operations Engineering,
Arizona Public Service Company (APS), Phoenix, AZ

RMEL’s Distribution Overhead and Underground Operations and

Maintenance Conference, Denver, CO
03/15/2017
APS - Company Background

• Arizona’s largest and longest

serving utility – since 1886
• Service Territory
– 11 out of 15 counties
– 1.2 Million Customers (89%
residential)
– 34,646 square miles
• Peak Demand ~ 7300MW in
June 2016
• More than 1GW of Solar
Capacity - 4th in the nation
– 50% of solar portfolio is distributed
– Pioneer in solar research since
1970s

2
 Project Overview
COMMUNICATIONS

• Approx. 1600 APS owned systems

with smart inverters; total 10MW EQUIPMENT DEFFERAL

• $30 bill credit for customers, 20 year

lease, connected on utility side INVERTER CONTROL & FUNCTIONALITY

• 2, 2MWh energy storage systems on

two feeders STRESS & VOLTAGE MANAGEMENT

• 21 research questions; extensive

research for 18 months ENERGY STORAGE

4 3 1
6 5 2
Smart Inverters

SMA inverters in SPP

 Sunny Boy 4000TL-US-22 (4kW)
 Sunny Boy 6000TL-US-22 (6kW)
 Sunny Boy 7700TL-US-22 (7.7kW)

4
SPP - Road to Research
• Research • Inverter
questions selection
• Technical • UL
analysis certification
• Feeder • Technology
Selection
Feeders Inverter know-how

Research
• PQM installs
• Training and
testing
• Analysis and
reporting

Control Comm
• Selection and • STAR lab
architecture • Cellular path
• IT interfaces • AMI path
• Visualization
 Milestones

• Use cases – Feb 2015

• Feeders identified – Apr 2015
• Inverter selected – Apr 2015
• Research questions – Jun 2015
• Control system selected – Jul 2015
• STAR lab set-up – Aug 2015
• Control system complete – Jan 2016
• Test Plan Finalized – Feb 2016
• 18 PQMs installed – Feb 2016
• UL1741-SA certification – Mar 2016
• Research began – Apr 2016
• Inverter on AMI – Nov 2016
• Batteries on the field – Dec 2016
• Fourth Research report – Dec 2016
 50 2
1600+ 11 Inverter Communication
Installations Smart Functions Registers Paths and Protocols

1 2
1100 500 Centralized Battery Energy
AMI Radios Cell Modems Controller Storage Systems

21 21 18 15+
Power Quality Research Month Long Conferences
Monitors Questions Research and Publications

SPP in Numbers
Field Measurements
PQ – 1 second PQ – 1 minute Inverters – 5 minute AMI – Hourly
Voltage Voltage Flicker DC Voltage/Current Energy
Current Voltage THD AC Voltage/Current Consumption

Power Current THD Input Power PV Energy

Reactive Power Sequence Currents Output Power Production

Power Factor Phase Imbalance Reactive Power Avg Voltage

Frequency Total Energy Inverter Status Max Voltage
Fast, Accurate Fast, Coarse Data Slow
Few Locations Several Locations Many Locations

PQ monitors also capture cycle-level data for transient events

8
 Challenges/Surprises
• Inverters
– Technology and standards
– Remote firmware updates
• Monitoring and Control
– Systems not readily available
– Different devices and protocols
• Communication
– Installation and integration
Selected
Functions

– Limited, non-standard protocols

• Research
Day Type Season

Test

– Monitoring equipment install Condition

– Data management and testing

Grouping
Operations
Method
Thank you!
Making the Move to LED Lighting,
What Should You Be Thinking
About?

Mark Lesiw
Electric Standards Manager
Xcel Energy
W H AT T O T H I N K A B O U T W H E N
THINKING ABOUT LED’S

Mark Lesiw P.E.

PROS AND CONS

• Benefits of LED’s
– Energy Efficiency
– Maintenance
– Illumination Control

• Challenges of LED’s
– Too Many Choices?
– Potential Health Concerns?
– Big Projects?
– Timing – What about the next thing?

2
LIGHTING BASICS

• What is color temperature?

3
CORRELATED COLOR TEMPERATURE (CCT)
AND COLOR RENDERING INDEX (CRI)

Clear sky
15,000K-27,000K Light Source CCT (K) Avg CRI
Low Pressure Sodium 1700 0%
LCD Screen High Pressure Sodium 2000 20
10,500K
Incandescent 2700 100
Metal Halide
White LED 2700 70
6200K White LED 3000 70
White LED 4000 70
Fluorescent
5000K White LED 5700 70
Mercury Vapor-Coated 4000 45
Moonlight Mercury Vapor-Clear 6500 15
4100K
Metal Halide Coated 3000 70
Incandescent Metal Halide Clear 4000 60
2700K Fluorescent 3000 80
Fluorescent 4000 80
Candle flame
1700k
4
DRAMATIC DIFFERENCE

5
COLOR TEMPERATURE WARNINGS

• American Medical Association

6
AMA REPORT CONCERNS

Concern with short-wavelength Physical stimulus characteristics

emission from LED • Spectrum
• Blue light hazard • Amount
– Extended duration to retina • Duration
• Glare, both disability and • Spatial distribution
discomfort
• Timing
• Melatonin suppression
• Polarization
– Exposure duration leading up to
sleep
• Circadian disruption
– Darkness while sleeping

Issue with short-wavelength In-

Ga-N LED 3000K or 4000K CCT
Wavelength (nm)
7
BLUE LIGHT

Vague
Luminous Blue Light
Light Source Flux (lm) CCT (K) Content %
Moonlight-Full 1000 4000 30%
Low Pressure Sodium 1000 1700 0%
High Pressure Sodium 1000 2000 10%
Incandescent 1000 2700 12%
White LED 1000 2700 18%
White LED 1000 3000 22%
White LED 1000 4000 30%
White LED 1000 5700 40%
Mercury Vapor-Coated 1000 4000 30%
Mercury Vapor-Clear 1000 6500 45%
Metal Halide Coated 1000 3000 24%
Metal Halide Clear 1000 4000 35%
Fluorescent 1000 3000 20%
Fluorescent 1000 4000 30%

LSPDD: Light Spectral Power Distribution Database http://galileo.graphycs.cegepsherbrooke.qc.CA/app/en/home

8
WORKING WITH MUNICIPALITIES

• What is their goal?

– Cost savings
– Reliability
– Aesthetics

9
ACCEPTANCE TESTING

• Light Performance
• Radio Frequency Interference
• Mechanical Issues

10
WHAT’S NEXT:
SMALL CELL

11
WHAT’S NEXT:
SMART STREETLIGHTS

• Parking
• Surveillance
• Traffic Optimization
• Lighting Control
• Gunshot Detection
• Road Maintenance
• Environmental Analysis

12
Questions ?

13
2017 NESC Arc Flash Update and
Methods to Reduce Exposure
Without Increasing PPE

Bill Galloway
Standards Managing Engineer
Colorado Springs Utilities

David Tomczyszyn
Power System Consulting Engineer
Austin Energy
 Distribution Conference March 16, 2017

Austin Energy and Colorado

Spring’s Utilities NESC Update to
Arc Flash Protection
Presented By:
Bill Galloway (CSU) &
David Tomczyszyn (AE)
1
 NESC 2017 Update to Arc Flash Safety -
Outline
1. NESC 2017 Changes
2. Reducing Exposure to Arc Flash
with Engineering Controls
3. Austin Energy’s Approach to Arc
Flash Safety
• Arc Flash Energy Assessment
• Arc Flash TCC Curves
• Energy, Time, & Distance
4. CSU Approach to Arc Flash Safety:
• Arc Flash Energy Assessment
• NESC tables / Software
• Arc Flash TCC Curves
• Conveyance of Hazard
Information
5. What are You Doing?
2
 NESC 2017 Changes
• Section 8, Part 4
– Work Rules for the Operation of
Electric Supply and
communication Lines and
Equipment
• Rule 410A3 was changed to
include requirements to protect
the head, face, hands, and feet of
employees working on or near
energized conductors, and now
includes a recommendation for
DC voltage.
3
 NESC 2017 Changes
• 410A2: The employer shall provide training to
all employees who work on or in the vicinity of
exposed energized lines and parts. The
training shall include applicable work rules
required by this Part and other mandatory
referenced standards or rules. (Typically
OSHA)

4
 NESC 2017 Changes
• 410A3: The employee shall not
wear an outer layer of clothing that
could ignite and continue to burn
when exposed to flames or the
electric arc identified in the
assessment.
• 410A3b: Requires employees to
cover the entire body with arc rated
clothing and equipment having an
effective arc rating not less than the
anticipated level of arc energy,
when the exposure level > 2
cal/cm².
5
 NESC 2017 Changes
• Note 3: Multiple layers of arc rated clothing,
(e.g., shirts pants, and jackets) have been
shown by testing to block more heat than a
single layer. (Removed the natural fiber
undergarment part.)
• Note 5: Engineering Controls can be utilized to
reduce arc energy levels and work practices
can be utilized to reduce exposure levels.

6
 NESC 2017 Changes
• 410A3 EXCEPTION 1: If the clothing require by this rule has
the potential to create additional or greater hazards than
the possible exposure to the heat energy of the electric arc,
then clothing with an effective arc rating less than that
required by this rule may be worn.
• 410A3 EXCEPTION 2: Arc-rated equipment is not necessary
for the employee’s hands when the employee is wearing
rubber insulating gloves with protectors. Heavy-duty
leather work gloves with a weight of at least 12 oz/yd may
be worn if the estimated incident energy is not more that
14 cal/cm²
• 410A3 EXCEPTION 3: Arc-rated equipment is not necessary
for the employee’s feet when the employee is wearing
heavy-duty work shoes or boots.

7
 NESC 2017 Changes
• 410A3 EXCEPTION 4: Arc-rated
equipment is not necessary for the
employee’s head or face when the
employee is wearing the appropriate
hard hat - 29 CFR 1910.135 - and if the
estimated incident energy is less than
5 cal/cm² (9 cal/cm² for exposures to
single phase arcs in open air).
• An 8 cal/cm² face shield may be used
for exposures that are up to 4 cal/cm²
greater than listed above.
8
 NESC 2017 Changes
• 410A3 EXCEPTION 5: For DC systems with
voltages 50V to 250V and 8000A maximum
fault current, in lieu of performing an arc
hazard analysis, clothing with a minimum
effective arc rating of 5 cal/cm² shall be used.

9
 Engineering Controls
• Remote Racking for Substation Breakers
• Chicken Switch
• Instantaneous Trip Relay / Maintenance Settings
• Non-reclose setting
• Arc Resistant switch gear
• Increased Working Distance
• Arc Flash Relay (light + over current = Trip)
• NPARM such as Eaton ARMS (Arcflash Reduction
Maintenance Systems) / VaultGard
• Clip (Current Limiting Protectors)
• Phase/Neutral Resistors and Reactors
• Current Limiting Fuses, Superconductor fault
current limiters
• Other Ideas?
10
 Instantaneous Trip Relay
An instantaneous Trip Relay (IT) is enabled whenever
work is being done on a 600 amp, 12kV feeder in the
breaker zone of protection. This will shorten the time
the breaker will trip on a fault, reducing the arc flash
energy.
 Network Protector Arc Reduction Module

Network Protector Arc

Reduction Module (NPARM)
works in a similar fashion as
the IT relay. This makes the
network protector act as a
fast tripping circuit breaker,
reducing the arc flash
energy in the event of a
fault. This is enabled only
while work is being done in
the vault.
 Remote Racking
A Remote Racker
allows the
substation
breaker to be
racked in or out
from a remote
location, typically
outside of the
breaker room.
 Remote Switching
The Chicken Switch®
allows the substation
breaker to be opened
or closed from a
remote location,
typically outside of the
breaker room.
 Hot Line Hold
A Hot Line Hold is where
the recloser is set to
non-reclose. Whenever
work is performed in a
recloser’s zone of
protection, it should be
set to non-reclose as
part of the Hot Line Hold
order. This will limit the
recloser to one shot,
reducing the arc flash
energy.
Current-Limiting Fuse
Austin Energy’s Approach to Arc
Flash Safety

17
 AE Arc Flash Energy Assessment
2012 Findings Concern

Transmission/Subtransmission - 8-12 cal Limited

Substation Buses - 12kV/35kV/69kV/138kV/345kV - 8-16 cal Limited

Distribution Feeders - 12kV/35kV - Feeder Exits - 8-60 cal Significant

Distribution Transformers - Large 480V padmounts - 8-40 cal Significant

Networks - 277/480V Vaults - 80->200 cal Significant

Secondaries - 240V/120V - Large kVA - 8-20 cal Limited

Networks - 125/216V - 8 cal Limited

18
AE Baseline Arc Flash -“Default” 12kV settings

“Human
Damage
Curves” –
Christopher
Lee Brooks

“Default” Feeder Relay

Settings
Phase = 960A_TD=1
12 Cal Arc Flash for
Ground = 360A _TD=5
“Default feeder relay”
Fuse Curve of Largest
Fuse (125 KS)

19
 Arc Flash – Energy, Time, Distance
Reduce Energy
30 MVA 9.5%Z power transformers for residential
Current limiting fuses
Reduce Time / Increase Distance
Slugging transformers
Short time instantaneous
ARMS & VaultGard
Maintenance settings OH & UG / all feeders in manhole
Add equipment close time delays / remote switching
Loop infrastructure & engineer bypasses were possible
20
 Colorado Springs Utilities
Approach to Arc Flash Safety

21
 Arc Flash Energy Assessment
Transmission & Distribution Generation
Follows NESC tables & ArcPro Follows NEC: NFPA-70E
& IEEE 1584

Need to know: Fault current, Protective device curve, working

distance, arc gap, Phases, arc in box?
22
 NESC tables
410-1 Clothing and Clothing Systems for Voltages 50 V to
1000 V AC
– Developed from utility fault testing
– 18 inch separation
– Removed exception to use 4 cal/cm²
410-2 1.1 kV – 46 kV AC
– 15 inch separation
– Uses arc flash software
410-3 46.1 kV to 800 kV AC
– Separation based on MAD
– Uses arc flash software

23
Arc Flash TCC Curves
Calorie levels
(somewhat) based on
Table 410-2. 1.2, 4, 8,
20 cal/cm²

Based on fixed
working distance,
voltage, and gap

Open Air Single Phase

only! 3 phase, in a box
is 3 to 6 times higher
24
Arc Flash TCC Curves
•Compare
Protective device
clearing times –
max. clear
•Max. Fault current
•Max. exposure
time – 2 seconds

25
 Conveyance of Hazard Information
Created a Safety Manual reference sheet
covering all potential work areas, and includes:
– Working distances used for the hazard calculations
– Exception List for abnormal conditions
– Clothing table with 4 Levels of PPE: 4, 8, 20, 40
cal/cm²

26
27
28
29
 What are You Doing?
• Do you currently have an Arc Flash Safety
Program?
• How do you convey the arc flash hazard to
employees?
• What levels of PPE do you go with?
• Do you require FR face shields for certain work
areas?
• Do you use any Engineering Controls to reduce
the arc flash hazard and PPE requirements?
30