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Exercise : 29.1
Page Number:29.11
Q1.
Answer :
x
lim
x 0 x
x
lim
x 0
x
Let x 0 h, where h 0.
0h
lim
0h
h 0
h
lim
h 0
h
1
Right hand limit:
lim
x
x 0 x
Let x 0 h, where h 0.
0h
lim
0h
h 0
h
lim
h 0
h
1
Q2.
Study Materials
NCERT Solutions for Class 6 to 12 (Math & Science)
Revision Notes for Class 6 to 12 (Math & Science)
RD Sharma Solutions for Class 6 to 12 Mathematics
RS Aggarwal Solutions for Class 6, 7 & 10 Mathematics
Important Questions for Class 6 to 12 (Math & Science)
CBSE Sample Papers for Class 9, 10 & 12 (Math &
Science)
Important Formula for Class 6 to 12 Math
CBSE Syllabus for Class 6 to 12
Lakhmir Singh Solutions for Class 9 & 10
Previous Year Question Paper
CBSE Class 12 Previous Year Question Paper
CBSE Class 10 Previous Year Question Paper
JEE Main & Advanced Question Paper
NEET Previous Year Question Paper
2 x 3, x 2
f x
x k, x 2
lim 2 x 3
x2
Let x 2 h, where h 0.
lim 2 2 h 3
h 0
2 2 0 3
7
lim x k
x 2
Let x 2 h, where h 0.
lim 2 h k
h 0
2k
Now, limx→2 fx exists if the left hand limit is equal to the right hand limit.
⇒7 = 2 + k
k=5
Q3.
Answer :
1
lim
x0
x
Let x 0 h, where h 0
1
lim
h 0
0h
1
lim
x 0 x
Let x 0 h, where h 0
1
lim
h 0
0h
1 1
lim lim
x 0 x x 0 x
1
Thus, lim does not exist.
x 0
x
Q4.
Answer :
1
x
lim e
x 0
1
lim e h
h 0
1 1
lim e h When h 0, then h .
h 0
e
1
0
1 1
x
lim e lim e x
x 0 x 0
1
x
Thus, limit e does not exist.
x 0
Q5.
Answer :
x
lim
x 2 x
Let x 2 h, where h 0.
lim
2 h
h 0
2 h
2
1
x
lim
x 2 x
Let x 2 h, where h 0.
lim
2 h
h 0 2 h
2
2
1
x x
lim lim
x 2 x x 2 x
Q6.
Answer :
3x
, x0
f x x 2x
0, x 0
3h
lim
h 0
h 2h
3h
lim
h 0
h
3
Let x 0 h, where h 0.
3h
lim
h 2h
h0
3h
lim
h 0
h 2h
1
3x 3x
lim lim
x 0
x 2 x x 0 x 2 x
Thus, lim f x does not exist.
x 0
Q7.
Answer :
x x , x 2
f x 4, x2
3 x 5, x 2
LHL :
lim f x
x2
lim x x
x2
Let x 2 h, where h 0.
lim 2 h 2 h
h 0
2 1
1
RHL :
lim f x
x 2
lim 3x 5
x 2
Let x 2 h, where h 0.
lim 3 2 h 5
h0
65
1
Q8.
Answer :
1
lim sin
x 0
x
L.H .L
lim f x
x 0
1
lim sin
x 0 x
Let x 0 h where h 0
1
lim sin
h 0
h
1
lim sin
h 0
h
Q9.
Answer :
lim x
5
x
2
LHL :
lim x
5
x
2
5
Let x h, where h 0.
2
5
lim h
h 0
2
2
RHL :
lim x
5
x
2
5
Let x h, where h 0.
2
5
lim h
h 0
2
2
We know:
lim x lim x lim x
5 5 5
x x x
2 2 2
lim x 2
5
x
2
Q10.
Answer :
x
lim
x 3 x
Let x 3 h, where h 0.
3 h 3
lim 1
h 0 3 h
3
x
Also, lim
x 3 x
Let x 3 h, where h 0.
3 h
lim
h 0 3 h
3
2
x x
lim lim
x 3 x x 3 x
Q11.
Answer :
x 1, x 0
f x
x 1, x 0
RHL :
lim f x
x 0
lim x 1
x 0
Let x 0 h, where h 0.
lim 0 h 1
h 0
1
LHL :
lim f x
x 0
lim x 1
x 0
Let x 0 h, where h 0.
lim 0 h 1
h 0
1
LHL RHL
Thus, lim f x does not exist.
x 0
Q12.
Answer :
1
lim
x 1
x 1
Let x 1 h, where h 0.
1
lim
h 0 1 h 1
Q13.
Answer :
lim x
x a
Let x a h, where h 0.
lim a h
h 0
a
lim x
x 1
Let x 1 h, where h 0.
lim 1 h
h 0
0
Q14.
Answer :
(i)
lim x
x2
LHL :
lim x
x2
Let x 2 h, where h 0.
lim 2 h
h 0
1
RHL :
lim x
x2
Let x 2 h, where h 0.
lim 2 h
h 0
2
LHL RHL
Thus, lim x does not exist.
x2
(ii)
lim x
5
x
2
LHL
lim x
5
x
2
5
Let x h, where h 0.
2
5
lim h
h 0
2
2
RHL :
lim x
5
x
2
5
Let x h, where h 0.
2
5
lim h
h 0
2
lim x 2
5
x
2
2
lim x 2
5
x
2
(iii)
lim x
x 1
LHL :
lim x
x 1
Let x 1 h, where h 0.
lim 1 h
h 0
0
RHL :
lim x
x 1
Let x 1 h, where h 0.
lim 1 h 1
h 0
LHL RHL
Thus, lim x does not exist.
x 1
Q15.
Answer :
(i)
x3
lim 2
x2 x 4
Let x 2 h, where h 0.
2 h 3
lim 2 2
h 0
2 h 2
1 h
lim
2 h 2 2 h 2
h 0
(ii)
x 3
lim 2
x2 x 4
Let x 2 h, where h 0.
2h3
lim 2 2
h 0
2 h 2
h 1
lim
2 h 2 2 h 2
h 0
h 1
lim
h 4 h
h 0
1 h
lim
h 0 h 4 h
(iii)
1
lim
x 0 3 x
Let x 0 h, where h 0.
1
lim
h 0
3h
(iv)
2x
lim
x 8 x 8
Let x 8 h, where h 0.
2 8 h
lim
h 0
8 h 8
16 2h
lim
h0
h
(v)
2
lim 1
x 0
x5
Let x 0 h, where h 0.
2
lim 1
h 0
h5
(vi)
lim tan x
x
2
Let x h, where h 0.
2
lim tan h
h 0
2
lim cot h
h0
(vii)
lim sec x
x
2
Let x h, where h 0.
2
lim sec h
h 0
2
lim sec h sec sec
h0
2
lim cosec h
h 0
(viii)
x 2 3x 2
lim 3 2
x 0
x 2x
x2 2 x x 2
lim 2
x 0
x x 1
x x 2 1 x 2
lim
x 0
x2 x 2
x 1 x 2
lim 2
x 0
x x 2
Let x 0 h, where h 0.
h 1
lim 2
h 0
h
(ix)
x2 1
lim
x 2
2x 4
Let x 2 h, where h 0.
2 h 2 1
lim
h 0
2 2 h 4
4 1
4 4
3
0
(x)
lim 2 cot x
x 0
Let x 0 h, where h 0.
lim 2 cot h
h 0
lim 2 cot h
h 0
2
(xi)
lim 1 cos ec x
x 0
Let x 0 h, where h 0.
lim 1 cosec h
h 0
1
Q16.
Answer :
x 1, x 0
f x
x 1, x 0
LHL :
lim f x
x 0
lim x 1
x 0
Let x 0 h, where h 0.
lim 0 h 1
h 0
1
RHL :
lim f x
x 0
lim x 1
x 0
Let x 0 h, where h 0.
lim 0 h 1
h 0
1
LHL ≠ RHL
Thus, lim f x does not exist.
x 0
Q17.
Answer :
lim f x ?
x 3
4, x3
f x
x 1, x 3
LHL :
lim f x
x 3
lim x 1
x 3
Let x 3 h, where h 0.
lim 3 h 1
h 0
4
RHL :
lim f x
x 3
lim 4
x 3
4
LHL RHL
lim f x 4
x 3
Q18.
Answer :
2 x 3, x0
f x
3 x 1 , x 0
LHL :
lim f x
x 0
lim 2 x 3
x 0
Let x 0 h, where h 0.
lim 2 0 h 3
h 0
lim 2h 3
h 0
3
RHL :
lim f x
x 0
lim 3 x 1
x 0
Let x 0 h, where h 0.
lim 3 0 h 1
h 0
lim 3h 3
h 0
3
LHL RHL
lim f x 3
x 0
(ii)
lim f x ?
x 1
LHL :
lim f x
x 1
lim 3 x 1
x 1
Let x 1 h, where h 0.
lim 3 1 h 1
h 0
6
RHL :
lim f x
x 1
lim 3 x 1
x 1
Let x 1 h, where h 0.
lim 3 1 h 1
h 0
6
LHL RHL
lim f x 6
x 1
Q19.
Answer :
lim f x ?
x 1
x 2 1, x 1
f x 2
x 1, x 1
LHL :
lim f x
x 1
lim x 2 1
x 1
Let x 1 h, where h 0.
lim
h 0
1 h 1
2
0
RHL :
lim f x
x 1
lim x 2 1
x 1
Let x 1 h, where h 0.
lim 1 h 1
h 0
2
2
LHL RHL
Thus, lim f x does not exist.
x 1
Q20.
Answer :
f x x a1 x a2 ... x an
lim f x
x a1
a1 a1 a1 a2 ... a1 an
0
lim f x
xa
lim x a1 x a2 ... x an
x a
a a1 a a2 ... a an
Q21.
Answer :
x
, x0
f x x
0, x0
LHL :
x
lim
x 0
x
Let x 0 h, where h 0.
0h
lim
h 0
h
h
lim 1
h 0
h
RHL :
lim f x
x 0
x
lim
x 0
x
Let x 0 h, where h 0.
0h
lim 1
h 0
0 h
LHL RHL
Thus, lim f x does not exist.
x 0
Exercise : 29.2
Page Number:29.18
Question.1
Solution:
x2 1
lim
x 1
x 1
12 1
11
1
Question.2
Solution:
2 x 2 3x 4
lim 2
x 0
x 3x 2
2 0 3 0 4
0 3 0 2
4
2
2
Question.3
Solution:
2x 3
lim
x3
x 3
23 3
33
3
6
1
2
Question.4
Solution:
x 8
lim
x 1
x
1 8
1
3
Question.5
Solution:
x a
lim
xa
x a
a a
aa
2 a
2a
1
a
Question.6
Solution:
1 x 12
lim 2
1 x
x 1
2
1 1 1
1 12
1
2
Question.7
Solution:
x 2/3 9
lim
x 0
x 27
09
0 27
1
3
Question.8
Solution:
lim 9
x 0
9
Question.9
Solution:
lim 3 x
x2
3 2
1
Question.10
Solution:
lim 4 x 2 2
x 1
2
4 1 2
42
6
Question.11
Solution:
x3 3x 1
lim
x 1
x 1
3
1 3 1 1
1 1
1 3 1
2
3
2
Question.12
Solution:
3x 1
lim
x 0
x3
3 0 1
03
1
3
Question.13
Solution:
x2 9
lim
x 3
x2
32 9
3 2
99
5
0
Question.14
Solution:
ax b
lim
x 0 cx d
a0 b
c0 d
b
d
Exercise : 29.3
Page Number:29.23
Q1.
Answer :
2x2 9 x 5
lim
x 5
x5
0
It is of the form .
0
2
2 x 10 x x 5
lim
x 5
x5
2 x x 5 1 x 5
lim
x 5
x5
2 x 1 x 5
lim
x 5
x5
lim 2 x 1
x 5
2 5 1
11
Q2.
Answer :
x2 4 x 3
lim 2
x 3 x 2 x 3
0
It is of the form .
0
2
x x 3x 3
lim 2
x 3 x 3 x x 3
x 3 x 1
lim
x 3 x 1 x 3
x 1
lim
x 3 x 1
3 1
3 1
1
2
Q3.
Answer :
x 4 81
lim 2
x 3
x 9
0
It is of the form .
0
2
x 2 92
lim 2
x 3 x 9
x 2 9 x 2 9
lim
x 3
x2 9
lim x 2 9
x 3
2
3 9
18
Q4.
Answer :
x3 8
lim 2
x2 x 4
0
It is of the form .
0
x 2 x2 2x 4 A3 B 3 A B A2 AB B 2
lim
x2
x 2 x 2 A2 B 2 A B A B
22 2 2 4
22
12
4
3
Q5.
Answer :
8 x3 1
lim
x 1/ 2 2 x 1
0
It is of the form .
0
3
2 x 1
lim
x 1/ 2
2 x 1
lim
2 x 1 2 x 2 2 x 1 12 A3 B3 A B A2 AB B 2
x 1/2 2 x 1
2
lim 2 x 2 x 1
x 1/2
2
1 1
2 2 1
2 2
111
3
Q6.
Answer :
x 2 7 x 12
lim 2
x4
x 3x 4
0
It is of the form .
0
2
x 3x 4 x 12
lim 2
x4
x 4x x 4
x x 3 4 x 3
lim
x 4 x x 4 1 x 4
x 4 x 3
lim
x 4 x 4 x 1
43
4 1
1
5
Q7.
Answer :
x2 x 6
lim 3
x 3 x 3 x 2 x 3
0
It is of the form .
0
x 2 3x 2 x 6
lim 2
x 3 x x 3 1 x 3
x x 3 2 x 3
lim
x 1 x 3
x 3 2
x 2 x 3
lim 2
x 3
x 1 x 3
3 2
2
3 1
5
10
1
2
Q8.
Answer :
Let p(x) = x3 + x2 + 4x + 12
p(–2) = 0
Thus, x = –2 is the root of p(x).
Now, x 2 is a factor of p(x).
x 2 x 6
x 2 x3 x 2 4 x 1 2
x3 2 x 2
x 2 4 x 1 2
x 2 2 x
6 x 1 2
6 x 1 2
0
p(x) = x3 + x2 + 4x + 12
= (x + 2)(x2 – x + 6)
Let q(x) = x3 – 3x + 2
q-2 = -8 + 6 + 2
=0
Thus, x = -2 is the root of q(x).
Now, x 2 is a factor of q(x).
x 2 2 x 1
x 2 x3 3x 2
x 3 2 x 2
– –
2 x 2 3x 2
2 x 2 4 x
x 2
x 2
– –
q(x) = (x + 2)(x2 – 2x + 1)
x3 x 2 4 x 12
lim 3
x 2
x 3x 2
x 2 x2 x 6
lim
x 2 x 2 x 1
x 2 2
(–2) 2 2 6
2
2 2 2 1
426
4 4 1
12
9
4
3
Q9.
Answer :
x 2 4 x 2
x 1 x3 3x 2 6 x 2
x 3 x 2
4 x 2 6 x 2
4 x 2 4 x
2 x 2
2 x 2
0
p(x) = (x – 1)(x2 + 4x – 2)
q(x) = x3 + 3×2 – 3x + 2
q(1) = 1 + 3 – 3 – 1
=0
Now, x 2 is a factor of p(x).
x 2 4 x 1
x 1 x 3 3 x 2 3 x 1
x 3 x 2
4 x 2 3x 1
4 x 2 4 x
x 1
x 1
0
x3 3x 2 6 x 2
lim 3 2
x 1
x 3x 3x 1
x 1 x 2 4 x 2
lim
x 1 x 4 x 1
x 1 2
(1) 2 4 1 2
2
1 4 1 1
1 4 2
1 4 1
3
6
1
2
Q10.
Answer :
x3 125
lim 2
x 5 x 7 x 10
0
It is of the form .
0
3 3
x 5
lim 2
x 5 x 2 x 5 x 10
x 5 x 2 5 x 52
lim A3 B3 A B A2 AB B 2
x 5
x x 2 5 x 2
x 5 x 2 5 x 25
lim
x 5
x 2 x 5
52 5 5 25
52
75
3
25
Q11.
Answer :
x2 2
lim
x 2 x 2 2 x 4
0
It is of the form .
0
2
lim 2
x2 2
x 2 x 2 2 x 2x 4
lim
x 2 x 2
x 2
x x2 2 2 x2 2
x 2 x 2
lim
x 2
x 2 x2 2
2 2
2 2 2
2 2
3 2
2
3
Q12.
Answer :
x2 3
lim 2
x 3 x 3 3 x 12
0
It is of the form .
0
2
lim 2
x2 3
x 3 x 4 3x 3x 12
lim
x 3 x 3
x 3
x x4 3 3 x4 3
lim
x 3 x 3
x 3
x 3 x4 3
3 3
34 3
2
5
Q13.
Answer :
x4 9
lim 2
x 3 x 4 3 x 15
0
It is of the form .
0
2
x 2 3
2
lim
x 3 x 2 5 3 x 3 x 15
x 2 3 x 2 3
lim
x 3
x x5 3 3 x5 3
lim
2
2
x 3 x 3
2
x 3
x 3 x5 3
lim
x 3 x 3 x 2 3
x 3
x 3 x5 3
3 3 3 3
35 3
2 36
6 3
2
Q14.
Answer :
x 4
lim 2
x 2 x 2
x 2 x
x 4
lim
x 2 x 2
x x 2
x2 4
lim
x 2 x x 2
x 2 x 2
lim
x x 2
x 2
x 2
lim
x 2
x
22
2
2
Q15.
Answer :
x3 1 x x 2 x 2
lim
x x 2 x 1
x 1 2 3
x3 1 x 3 x 2 2 x
lim 2
x x 2 x 1
x 1 3
x2 2 x 1
lim 2
x x 2 x 1 x x 1
x 1 2
x 2 2 x 1
lim 2
x x 2 x 1 x x 1
x 1 2
2
x 1
lim 2
x x 2 x 1 x x 1
x 1 2
x 1
lim 2
x 2 x x 2 x x 1
x 1 2
x 1
lim
x x 2 1 x 2 x x 1
x 1 2
x 1
lim
x 1 x 2 x x 1
x 1 2
1
1 2 1 1 1
1
9
Q16.
Answer :
1 2
lim 2
x 3 x 3
x 4 x 3
1 2
lim 2
x 3 x 3
x 3x x 3
1 2
lim
x 3 x 3
x x 3 1 x 3
1 2
lim
x 3 x 3
x 1 x 3
x 1 2
lim
x 3 x 3 x 1
1
lim
x 3 x 1
1
3 1
1
2
Q17.
Answer :
1 2
lim 2
x2 x 2
x 2 x
1 2
lim
x2 x 2
x x 2
x2
lim
x2 x x 2
1
lim
x2 x
1
2
Q18.
Answer :
4x 1
lim
x 1/4 2 x 1
0
It is of the form .
0
2
2 x 12
lim
x 1/4
2 x 1
lim
2 x 1 2 x 1
x 1/ 4
2 x 1
1
2 1
4
1
2 1
2
2
Q19.
Answer :
x 2 16
lim
x4
x 2
0
It is of the form .
0
2 2
x 4
lim
x4
x 2
x4 x4
lim
x4
x 2
lim
x
2
22 x 4
x4
x 2
lim
x 2
x 2 x 4
x4
x 2
2 2 4 4
32
Q20.
Answer :
a x 2 a 2
lim
x 0
x
0
It is of the form .
0
a x 2ax a 2
2 2
lim
x 0
x
x x 2a
lim
x 0
x
lim x 2a
x 0
0 2a
2a
Q21.
Answer :
1 4
lim 3
x2 x 2
x 2 x 2
1 4
lim 2
x2 x 2
x x 2
x2 4
lim 2
x2 x x 2
x 2 x 2
lim 2
x x 2
x2
x 2
lim 2
x2
x
22
2
2
1
Q22.
Answer :
1 3
lim 2
x 3 x 3
x 3 x
1 3
lim
x 3 x 3
x x 3
x3
lim
x 3 x x 3
1
lim
x 3 x
1
3
Q23.
Answer :
1 2
lim 2
x 1 x 1 x 1
1 2
lim
x 1 x 1
x 1 x 1
x 1 2
lim
x 1 x 1 x 1
x 1
lim
x 1 x 1 x 1
1
lim
x 1 x 1
1
11
1
2
Q24.
Answer :
1 1
lim x 2 9
x 3
x 3 x 3
x 3 x 3
lim x 2 9
x 3 x 3
x 3
2 x
lim x 2 9 2
x 3
x 9
lim 2 x
x 3
23
6
Q25.
Answer :
p(x) = x4 – 3x3 + 2
p(1) = 1 – 3 + 2
=0
Now, x 1 is a factor of p(x).
x3 2 x 2 2 x 2
x 1 x 4 3x 3 2
x 4 x 3
2 x3 2
2 x3 2 x 2
2 x 2 2
2 x 2 2 x
2x 2
2 x 2
___________
0
q(x) = x3 – 5×2 + 3x + 1
q(1) = 1 – 5 + 3 + 1
=0
Now, x 1 is a factor of q(x).
x 2 4 x 1
x 1 x3 5 x 2 3x 1
x 3 x 2
4 x 2 3x 1
4 x 2 4 x
x 1
x 1
0
x 4 3x3 2
lim 3
x 1 x 5 x 2 3 x 1
x 1 x3 2 x 2 2 x 2
lim
x 1 x 4 x 1
x 1 2
2
(1)3 2 1 2 1 2
2
1 4 1 1
1 2 2 2
1 4 1
5
4
5
4
Ex 29.3
Q26.
Answer :
x3 3x 2 9 x 2
lim
x 2
x3 x 6
0
Let q(x) = x3 – x – 6
q(2) = 8 – 2 – 6
=0
Now, x 2 is a factor of q(x).
x 2 2 x 3
x 2 x3 x 6
x 3 2 x 2
2 x 2 x 6
2 x 2 4 x
3x 6
3x 6
x3 3x 2 9 x 2
lim
x2
x3 x 6
x 2 x 5 x 1
2
lim
x 2 x 2 x 3
x2 2
x2 5x 1
lim 2
x2 x 2 x 3
2
(2) 5 2 1
2
2 2 2 3
4 10 1
443
15
11
Q27.
Answer :
1 x 1/3
lim
x 1 1 x 2/3
0
It is of the form .
0
1 x 1/3
lim 2
x 1 1/3 2
1 x
lim
1 x 1/3
1 x 1 x
x 1 13 1/3
1
lim
x 1 1 x 1/3
1
11
1
2
Q28.
Answer :
x 4 16
lim
x2
x2
0
It is of the form .
0
2
x2 4 2
lim
x2 x2
x 2 4 x 2 4
lim
x 2
x2
x 2 x 2 x 2 4
lim
x 2
x2
2 2 22 4
32
Q29.
Answer :
x 2 9 x 20
lim 2
x 5
x 6x 5
0
It is of the form .
0
2
x 4 x 5 x 20
lim 2
x 5
x x 5x 5
x x 4 5 x 4
lim
x x 1 5 x 1
x 5
x 5 x 4
lim
x 5 x 1 x 5
54
5 1
1
4
Q30.
Answer :
x3 1
lim
x 1 x 1
0
It is of the form .
0
3 3
x 1
lim
x 1
x 1
x 1 x 2 x 1
lim
x 1
x 1
2
1 1 1
111
3
Q31.
Answer :
1 2 2 x 3
lim 3
x2 x 2
x 3x 2 2 x
1 2 2 x 3
lim
x2 x 2
x x 2 3x 2
1 2 2 x 3
lim
x2 x 2
x x 2 2 x x 2
1 2 2 x 3
lim
x2 x 2
x x x 2 1 x 2
1 2 2 x 3
lim
x2 x 2
x x 1 x 2
x x 1 2 2 x 3
lim
x x 1 x 2
x2
x2 x 4x 6
lim
x 2 x x 1 x 2
x2 5x 6
lim
x 2 x x 1 x 2
x 2 2 x 3x 6
lim
x 2 x x 1 x 2
x x 2 3 x 2
lim
x x 1 x 2
x2
x 3 x 2
lim
x 2 x x 1 x 2
23
2 2 1
1
2
Q32.
Answer :
x2 1 x 1
lim
x 1
x2 1
0
It is of the form .
0
x 1
2
x 1
lim
x 1
x 2 1 x 2 1
x 1
lim 1
x 1
x 1
x 1
1
1
11
1
1
2
2 1
2
Q33.
Answer :
x2 1
lim 2 3
x 1 x x
x 3x 2 x
2
x2 1
lim
x 1 x x 1
x x 2 3x 2
x2 1
lim
x 1 x x 1
x x 2 2 x x 2
x2 1
lim
x 1 x x 1
x x x 2 1 x 2
x2 1
lim
x 1 x x 1 x x 1 x 2
x 2 2 1
lim
x 1 x x 1 x 2
x 1 x 3
lim
x 1 x x 1 x 2
1 3
11 2
2
1
2
Exercise : 29.4
Page Number:29.28
Q1.
Answer :
1 x x 2 1
lim
x 0
x
1 x x2 1 0
When x = 0, the expression takes the form .
x 0
Rationalising the numerator:
lim
1 x x2 1 1 x x2 1
x 0
x 2
1 x x 1
1 x x2 1
lim
x 0
x 1 x x2 1
x 1 x
lim
x 0
2
x 1 x x 1
1 0
1 0 0 1
1
2
Q2.
Answer :
2x
lim
x 0
ax ax
2x 0
When x = 0, then the expression becomes .
ax ax 0
lim
2x
ax ax
x 0
ax a x ax ax
= lim
2x a x a x
x 0 a x a x
= lim
2x ax ax
x 0 2x
= a a
=2 a
Q3.
Answer :
a2 x2 a
lim
x 0
x2
2 2 0
On putting x = 0 in the expression a x a , it becomes .
0
lim
a 2 x2 a a 2 x2 a
x 0
x2 2 2
a x a
a2 x2 a 2
= lim
x 0
x
2
a2 x2 a
1
=
2
a a
1
=
2a
Q4.
Answer :
1 x 1 x 0
lim It is of the form . .
x 0
2x 0
lim
1 x 1 x 1 x 1 x
x 0
2x 1 x 1 x
1 x 1 x
= lim
x 0
2x 1 x 1 x
2x
= lim
x 0
2x 1 x 1 x
1
=
1 0 1 0
1
=
2
Q5.
Answer :
3 x 1
lim
2 x
x2
0
It is of the form .
0
Rationalising the numerator:
lim
3 x 1 3 x 1
x 2
2 x 3 x 1
3 x 1
lim
x 2
2 x 3 x 1
lim
2 x
x 2
2 x 3 x 1
1 1 1
3 2 1 11 2
Q6.
Answer :
x 3
lim
x 3
x2 4 x
0
It is of form .
0
x 3 x2 4 x
lim
x 3
x2 4 x x2 4 x
= lim
x 3 x 2 4 x
x 3 x 2 4 x
= lim
x 3 x2 4 x
x 3 2x 6
= lim
x 3 x 2 4 x
x 3 2 x 3
32 43
=
2
1 1
=
2
2
= 1
2
Q7.
Answer :
x
lim
x 0
1 x 1 x
0
It is of the form .
0
lim
x
1 x 1 x
x 0
1 x 1 x
1 x 1 x
= lim
x 1 x 1 x
x 0 1 x 1 x
= lim
x 1 x 1 x
x 0 2x
1 1
=
2
2
=
2
=1
Q8
Answer :
5x 4 x
lim
x 1
x 1
0
It is of the form .
0
Rationalising the numerator:
5 x 4 x 5 x 4 x
lim
x 1
x 1 5 x 4 x
5x 4 x
= lim
x 1 x 1
5x 4 x
4 x 1
= lim
x 1
x 1 5 x
4 x
4
=
54 1
4
=
2
=2
Q9.
Answer :
x 1
lim
x 1 2
x 3 2
0
It is of the form
0
Rationalising the denominator:
lim
x 1 x2 3 2
x 1
x2 3 2 2
x 3 2
= lim
x 1 x 2 3 2
x 1 x2 3 4
= lim
x 1 x 2 3 2
x 1
x2 1
= lim
x 1 x 2 3 2
x 1 x 1 x 1
1 3 2
=
11
4
=
2
=2
Q10.
Answer :
x 3 16
lim
x 3
x2 9
0
It is of the form .
0
Rationalising the numerator:
lim
x3 6 x3 6
x 3
x 2
9 x3 6
x 3 6
= lim
x 3
x 3 x 3 x 3 6
1
=
6 2 6
1
=
12 6
Q11.
Answer :
5x 4 x
lim
x 1
x2 1
0
It is of the form .
0
Rationalising the numerator:
lim
5x 4 x
5x 4 x
x 1
2
5x 4 x x 1
5x 4 x
= lim
x 1
5 x 4 x x 1 x 1
4 x 1
= lim
x 1
5 x 4 x x 1 x 1
4
=
5 4 1 1 1
4
=
2 2
=1
Q12.
Answer :
1 x 1
lim
x 0
x
0
It is of the form .
0
Rationalising the numerator:
lim
1 x 1 1 x 1
x 0
x 1 x 1
1 x 1
= lim
x 0 x
1 x 1
1
=
1 0 1
1
=
2
Q13.
Answer :
x2 1 5
lim
x 2
x2
0
It is of the form .
0
Rationalising the numerator:
lim
x2 1 5 x2 1 5
x 2
x 2 2
x 1 5
x2 1 5
= lim
x2
2
x 2 x 1 5
x2 4
= lim
x2
2
x 2 x 1 5
x 2 x 2
= lim
x2
x 2 x 1 5
2
4
=
2 5
2
=
5
Q14.
Answer :
7 2x 5 2
lim
x 10
2
2
x 10
2
= lim
7 2x 5 2
x 10
x 10
x 10
7 2x 5 2 2 5 2
= lim
x 10
x 10 x 10
7 2 x 7 2 10
= lim
x 10
x 10 x 10
Rationalising the numerator:
lim
7 2 x 7 2 10 7 2x 7 2 10
x x 10 7 2 x 7 2 10
x 10
10
7 2x 7 2 10
= lim
x 10
x 10
x 10 7 2 x 7 2 10
= lim
2 x 10
x 10
x 10
x 10 7 2 x 7 2 10
2
=
10 10 2 7 2 10
2 1
2 10 2 7 2 10 2 10 5 2
2
1 5 2
=
2 10 5 2 5 2
1 5 2
2 10
2 2
5 2
5 2
=
6 10
Q15.
Answer :
4 9 x
lim
x 7 1 8 x
0
It is of the form .
0
Rationalising the numerator and the denominator:
lim
4 9 x
4 9 x
1
1 8 x
x 7
1 4 9 x 1 8 x
1 8 x
= lim
16 9 x
1 8 x
x 7
4 9 x
1 8 x
= lim
1 7 x 1 8 x
x 7
4 9 x 7 x
= lim
1 8 x
x 7 4 9 x
1 8 7
=
4 97
2
=
44
1
=
4
Q16.
Answer :
ax a
lim
x 0 2
x a ax
0
It is of the form .
0
Rationalising the numerator:
ax a ax a
lim
x 0 2
x a ax a x a
a xa
= lim
x 0
x a 2 ax ax a
1
=
a 2
a a
1
=
2a a
Q17.
Answer :
x 5
lim
x 5
6x 5 4x 5
0
It is of the form .
0
Rationalising the denominator:
x 5 6x 5 4x 5
lim
x 5
6x 5 4x 5 6x 5 4x 5
= lim
x 5 6 x 5 4 x 5
x 5 6 x 5 4 x 5
= lim
x 5 6x 5 4x 5
x 5 2 x 10
= lim
x 5 6x 5 4x 5
x 5 2 x 5
65 5 45 5
=
2
55
=
2
=5
Q18.
Answer :
5x 4 x
lim
x 1
x3 1
0
It is of the form .
0
Rationalising the numerator:
lim
5x 4 x 5x 4 x
x 1
x 3
1 5x 4 x
5x 4 x
= lim
x 1
x 1 x x 1 5 x 4 x
2
4 x 1
= lim
x 1
x 1 x 2 x 1 5x 4 x
4
=
3 1 1
2
=
3
Q19.
Answer :
1 4x 5 2x
lim
x2
x2
0
It is of the from .
0
Rationalising the numerator:
lim
1 4x 5 2x 1 4x 5 2x
x 2
x 2 1 4x 5 2x
1 4 x 5 2 x
= lim
x 2
x 2 1 4 x 5 2 x
2 x 2
= lim
x 2
x 2 1 4x 5 2 x
2
=
1 4 2 5 2 2
2
=
33
1
=
3
Q20.
Answer :
3 x 5 x
lim
x 1
x2 1
0
It is of the form .
0
Rationalising the numerator:
lim
3 x 5 x 3 x 5 x
x 1
x 1 x 1
3 x 5 x
3 x 5 x
= lim
x 1
x 1 x 1 3 x 5 x
2x 2
= lim
x 1
x 1 x 1 3 x 5 x
2 x 1
= lim
x 1
x 1 x 1 3 x 5 x
2
=
2 4 4
1
=
4
Q21.
Answer :
1 x2 1 x2
lim
x 0
x
0
It is of the form .
0
Rationalising the numerator:
lim
1 x2 1 x2
1 x2 1 x2
x 0
2 2
1 x 1 x x
= lim
1 x2 1 x2
x 0
2
x 1 x 1 x
2
2 x2
= lim
x 0
x 1 x 2
1 x2
2 0
=
1 0 1 0
=0
Q22.
Answer :
1 x x2 x 1
lim
x 0
2 x2
0
It is of the form .
0
Rationalising the numerator:
lim
1 x x2 x 1
1 x x2 x 1
x 0
2
1 x x x 1 2x 2
= lim
1 x x x 1
2
x 0 2
2
1 x x x 1 2x
x2
= lim
x 0 2
2
1 x x x 1 2x
1
=
1 0 0 0 1 2
1 1
=
2 2
1
=
4
Q23.
Answer :
lim
5 2x 3 2
x 6 x2 6
2
= lim
5 2x 3 2
2
x 6
x2 6
5 2x 3 2 2 6
= lim
x 6
x 6 x 6
5 2x 5 2 6
= lim
x 6
x 6 x 6
lim
5 2x 5 2 6 5 2x 5 2 6
x 6
x 6 x 6 5 2x 5 2 6
5 2x 5 2 6
= lim
x 6
x 6
x 6 5 2x 5 2 6
= lim
2 x 6
x 6
x 6
x 6 5 2x 5 2 6
2
=
6 6 52 6 5 2 6
1
= = 1263+2
2
2 6
3 2
1
=
2 6 3 2
=
1
3 2
2 6 3 2 3 2
3 2
=
2 6 3 2
3 2
=
2 6
Q24.
Answer :
lim
3 2x 2 1
x 2 x2 2
2
= lim
3 2x 2 1
x 2
x 2 x 2
3 2x 2 1 2 2
= lim
x 2
x 2 x 2
= lim
3 2x 3 2 2
x 2
x 2 x 2
Rationalising the numerator:
lim
3 2x 3 2 2 3 2x 3 2 2
x 2
x 2 x 2
3 2x 3 2 2
3 2x 3 2 2
= lim
x 2
x 2
x 2
3 2x 3 2 2
= lim
2 x 2
x 2
x 2
x 2
3 2x 3 2 2
2
=
2 2 3 2 2 3 2 2
2
=
2 2 2 3 2 2
1
=
2 2 3 2 2
1
=
2
2 2 2 1
1 2 1
=
2 2 2 1 2 1
2 1
=
2 2 2 1
2 1
=
2 2
Q25.
Answer :
xh x
lim
h 0
h
0
It is of the form .
0
= lim
xh x
xh x
h 0
h
xh x
x h x
= lim
h 0
h xh x
1
=
x x
1
=
2 x
Q26.
Answer :
2 x 2 x
lim
x 0
x
0
It is of the form .
0
Rationalising the numerator:
lim
2 x 2 x
2 x 2 x
x 0
x 2 x 2 x
2 x 2 x
= lim
x 0 x
2 x 2 x
2 x
= lim
x 0 x
2 x 2 x
2
=
2 2
1
=
2
Q27.
Answer:
2 x
lim
4 x
x4
2 x
= lim
x4 2
2 x
= lim
2 x
x 4
2 x 2 x
1
=
2 4
1
=
22
1
=
4
Q28.
Answer:
xa
lim
xa
x a
2
a2
= lim
x
xa x a
= lim
x a
x a
x a
x a
= a a
=2 a
Q29.
Answer :
x2
lim
x 2
x 2
0
It is of the form .
0
2 2
⇒ lim
x 2
x 2 x 2
= lim
x 2 x 2
x 2
x 2
= 2 2
= 2 2
Q30.
Answer :
x2 x
lim
x 1
x 1
0
It is of the form .
0
lim
x x x 1
x 1 x 1
= lim
x x 3/2 1
x 1 1
x 2 1
x 3 13
x
= lim
A3 B 3 A B A2 AB B 2
x 1
x 1
= lim
x
x 1 x x 1
x 1
x 1
= 1 (1 + 1 + 1)
=3
Q31.
Answer :
lim
2 x 3 x 1
x 1 3x 2 3 x 6
0
It is of the form .
0
⇒ lim
2 x 3 x 1
x 1 3 x 2 x 2
= lim
2 x 3 x 1
x 1 3 x 2 2 x x 2
= lim
2 x 3 x 1
x 1 3 x x 2 1 x 2
= lim
2 x 3 x 1
x 1 3 x 1 x 2
= lim
2 x 3 x 1
2
3 x 12 x 2
x 1
2 x 3 x 1
= lim
x 1 3
x 1
x 1 x 2
1
=
3 2 3
1
=
18
Q32.
Answer :
1 x2 1 x
lim
x 0
1 x3 1 x
0
It is of the form .
0
Rationalising the numerator and the denominator:
lim
1 x2 1 x 1 x2 1 x 1
1 x3 1 x
x 0
1
1 x2 1 x 1 x3 1 x 3
1 x 1 x
1 x2 1 x
lim
1 x3 1 x
x 0
1 x 3
1 x
2
1 x 1 x
2
lim 3
x x 1 x3 1 x
x 0 x x
2
1 x 1 x
lim
x x 1 1 x3 1 x
x 0 x x 2 1
2
1 x 1 x
lim
x 1 1 x3 1 x
x 0
x 1 x 1 1 x 2 1 x
1 0 1 0
0 1 1 0 1 0
2
2
1
Q33.
Answer :
3 x 5 x
lim
x 1
x2 1
0
It is of the form .
0
lim
3 x 5 x 3 x 5 x
x 1
x 1 x 1 3 x 5 x
lim
3 x 5 x
x 1
x 1 x 1 3 x 5 x
2 x 1
lim
x 1
x 1 x 1 3 x 5 x
2
1 1 3 1 5 1
2
2 2 2
1
4
Q34.
Answer :
1 3 x 1 3x
lim
x 0
x
0
It is of the form .
0
Rationalising the numerator:
lim
1 3x 1 3x
1 3 x 1 3x
x 0
x 1 3x 1 3x
1 3x 1 3x
lim
x 0
x 1 3x 1 3x
6x
lim
x 0
x 1 3x 1 3x
6
1 1
6
2
3
Exercise : 29.5
Page Number:29.33
Q1.
Answer :
5 5
lim x 2 2 a 22
xa xa
5 5
lim x 2 2 a 2 2
xa x 2 a 2
Let y = x + 2 and b = a + 2.
When x → a, then x + 2 → a + 2.
⇒y→b
52 5
y b2
lim
y b y b
5
5 1
b 2
2
5 3
b2
2
3
5
a 22
2
Q2.
Answer :
3 3
lim x 2 2 a 2 2
xa xa
3 3
lim x 2 2 a 2 2
xa x 2 a 2
Let y = x + 2 and b = a + 2.
When x → a and x + 2 → a + 2.
⇒y → b
32 3
y b2
lim
y b y b
3
3 1
b 2
2
3 1
b2
2
1
3
a 2 2
2
Q3.
Answer :
1 x 6 1
lim 2
x 0
1 x 1
1 x 6 1 x
lim 2
x 0
x 1 x 1
1 x 6 16 1 x 1
lim 2
1 x 1 1 x 1
x 0
Let y = 1 + x
When x → 0, then 1 + x → 1.
⇒y → 1
y 6 16 y 1
lim 2 2
y 1 y 1
y 1
6 1
6 1
2 1
2 1
6
2
3
Q4.
Answer :
72 2
7
x a
lim
x a x a
2 72 1 xn an
a lim na n 1
7
x a
xa
2 75
a
7
Q5.
Answer :
75 5
7
x a
lim 2
xa 2
x 7 a 7
75 5
7
x a x a
lim
xa x a 2 2
x7 a7
5 75 1 1
a 2
7 2 7 1
a
7
2 5
5
a 7a7
2
5 72 57
a
2
5 73
a
2
Q6.
Answer :
8 x 3 1
lim1
x 2 x 1
2
2 x 3 1
lim1
x 2 x 1
2
1
When x , then 2 x –1.
2
Let y = 2x
y 3 13
lim
y1
y 1
31
3 1
2
3
1
3
Q7.
Answer :
13 13
x 3 x 3
lim
x 27 x 27
1 1
x 3 3 x 3 3
lim
x 27 1 3
3 3
x 3
x 27
1
x 3 3
1
Let y x 3
y 3 y 3
lim
y 3
y 3 33
3 3
3 331
6
3 9
2
9
Q8.
Answer :
x3 64
lim 2
x4
x 16
x 3 64 x 4
lim 2
x 4
x 4 x 16
x 3 43 x4
lim 2 2
x 4
x4 x 4
31 1
3 4 21
2 4
316
2 4
6
Q9.
Answer :
x n 3n
lim 108
x 3
x3
⇒ x(3)n-1 = 108
⇒ x(3)n-1 = 4 × 33
2 108
2 54
3 27
3 9
3 3
1
Q10.
Answer :
x3 1
lim
x 1
x 1
x3 1
lim
x 1
x 1
x3 13
lim
x 1
x 1
31
3 1
3
Q11.
Answer :
23 2
x a3
lim 3
xa 3
x 4 a 4
23 2
x a3 x a
lim
a a x a 3 3
x 4 a 4
2
2 1 1
a 3 3 1
3 3 4
a
4
1
8 a 3
1
9 4
a
8 1 1
a 3 4
9
8 1
a 12
9
Q12.
Answer :
x15 1
lim 10
x 1
x 1
x15 115 x 1
lim 10 10
x 1
x 1 x 1
151
15 1
10 1
10 1
3
2
Q13.
Answer :
x9 a9
lim 9
xa
xa
9a 8 9
a8 1
a 1
Q14.
Answer :
x5 a5
lim 405
xa
xa
5a 4 405
a 4 81
a2 9
a 3
Q15.
Answer :
x9 a 9
lim lim 4 x
xa
x a x 5
9a91 9
a8 1
a 1
Q16.
Answer :
x3 a3 x 4 14
lim lim
xa
x a x 1 x 1
4 1
3a 31 4 1
3a 2 4
4
a2
3
2
a
3
Exercise : 29.6
Page Number:29.38
Q1.
Answer :
lim
3x 1 4 x 2
x x 8 x 1
Q2.
Answer :
3x3 4 x 2 6 x 1
lim 3 2
x
2 x x 5x 7
Dividing the numerator and the denominator by x3 :
4 6 1
3 x x2 x3
lim
x 1 5 7
2 2 3
x x x
1 1 1
When x , then , 2 , 3 0.
x x x
3
2
Q3.
Answer :
5 x3 6
lim
x 6
9 4x
5 x3 6
lim x3
x
9 4x6
x3
6
5 3
lim x
x
9
x 6 4
5
4
5
2
Q4.
Answer :
lim x 2 cx x
x
It is of the form ∞ – ∞.
x 2 cx x 2
lim
x 2
x cx x
Dividing the numerator and the denomiator by x :
cx
lim x
x
x 2 cx x
x
c
lim
x
c
1 x 1
1
When x , then 0.
x
c
1 1
c
2
Q5.
Answer :
lim x 1 x
x
It is of the form ∞–∞.
On rationalising, we get:
x 1 x
lim
x 1 x
x 1 x
x
x 1 x
lim
x
x 1 x
1
0
Q6.
Answer :
lim x 2 7 x x
x
Rationalising the numerator :
x2 7 x x
lim
x
x 7x x
2
2
x 7x x
2
x 7x x 2
lim
x
2
x 7 x x
7
lim
x 2
x 7x
1
x
1
When x , then 0.
x
7
1 1
7
2
Q7.
Answer :
x
lim
x 2
4 x 1 1
lim
x
4 x2 1 1
x
4x 1 1
2 2
4x 1 1
lim
x 4x2 1 1
x 4x2 11
4 x2 1 1
lim
x
4x
4x2 1 1
2
lim x x
x 4
1 1
4 2
lim x x
x
4
x
1 1
, 2 0
x x
4
4
2
4
1
2
Q8.
Answer :
n2
lim
n 1 2 3.....n
It is of the form .
n2
lim
n
n n 1
2
2n
lim
n n 1
Dividing the numerator and the denominator by n:
2
lim
n 1
1
n
2
Q9.
Answer :
3x 1 4 x 2
lim 1
x 5 x
6 x 2
3 4
2
lim x x
x 5 6
2
x x
3x 4
lim
x 5 x 6
Dividing the numerator and the denominator by x:
4
3 x 3
lim
6
5 5
x
x
Q10.
Answer :
x 2 a 2 x 2 b2
lim
x 2 2 2 2
x c x d
Rationalising the numerator and the denominator:
lim
x 2 a2 x2 b2 x2 c2 x2 d 2 x2 a 2 x2 b2
x 2
x2 c2 x2 d 2 x2 c2 x2 d 2 2 2 2
x a x b
lim
x 2 a2 x2 b2
x 2 a2 x2 b2
x2 c2 x2 d 2
x 2
x2 c2 x2 d 2 x2 c2 x d
2 2 2 2 2
x a x b
lim
x 2
a 2 x2 b2 x2 c2 x2 d 2
x
x 2
c 2 x 2 d 2 x 2 a 2 x 2 b2
a2 b2 x2 c2 x2 d 2
lim 2 2
x
c d x 2 a 2 x 2 b 2
Dividing the numerator and the denominator by x:
c2 d2
1 1 2
a 2 b2 x 2
x
lim 2
x c d 2 2
1 b
1 2 1 2
x x
1 1
As x , , 2 0
x x
2 2
a b 1 1
2
2
c d 1 1
a 2 b2
2
c d2
Q11.
Answer :
lim
x
x 2 x 1 x lim
x
x2 1 x
LHS :
lim
x x2 x 1 x
Rationalising the numerator :
lim
x2 x 1 x
x2 x 1 x
x
2
x x 1 x
2
lim x x 1 x 2
x
x2 x 1 x
x 1
lim
x
2
x x 1 x
Dividing the numerator and the denominator by x :
1
1
lim x
x
x2 x 1
1
x
1
1
lim x
x
x x 1
2
1
x2
1
1
lim x
x
1 1
1 x x 2 1
1
When x , then 0.
x
1
1 1
1
2
RHS :
lim
x
x2 1 x from
lim
x2 1 x
x2 1 x
x
2
x 1 x
2
x 1 x 2
lim
x
x 2 1 x
1
0
lim x 2 x 1 x lim
x x x 2 1 x
Q12.
Answer :
lim x
x
x2 1 x2 1
Rationalising the numerator :
lim x
x2 1 x2 1
x 2 1 x 2 1
x
x2 1 x2 1
2
x 1 x 1
2
lim x
x 2
x 1 x 1
2
x 2
lim
x
2
2
x 1 x 1
Dividing the numerator and the denominator by x :
2
lim
x
x2 1 x2 1
x2 x2
2
lim
x
x2 1 x2 1
x2 x2
2
lim
x
1 1
1 x 2 1 2
x
2
1 1
2
Q13.
Answer :
lim
x
x 1 x x 2
Rationalising the numerator :
lim
x2 x 1 x
x 1 x
x
x 1 x
lim
x 2 x 1 x
x
x 1 x
x2
lim x
x x 1 x
x
2
1
lim x
x
1
1 x 1
1
1 1
1
2
Q14.
Answer :
12 22 ... n 2
lim
n
n3
n n 1 2n 1
lim
n
6n3
n 1 2n 1
lim
n
6n2
n 1 2n 1 1
lim
n
n n 6
1 1 1
lim 1 2
n
n n 6
2
6
1
3
Q15.
Answer :
1 2 3 ...n 1
lim
n
n2
n n 1
lim 2
n
2 n
1 1
lim 1
n
n 2
1
When n , then 0.
n
1
2
Q16.
Answer :
13 23 ... n3
lim
n
n4
n n 1 2
2
lim
n n4
n 2 n 1 2
lim 4
4n
n
n 2 n 1 2
lim 4
4n
n
n 12
lim 2
n
4n
n 1 2 1
lim
n
n 4
1 2 1
lim 1
n
n 4
1
When n , then 0.
n
1
4
Q17.
Answer :
13 23 ... n3
lim 4
n
n 1
n n 1 2
2
lim 4
n 1
n
n 2 n 12
lim 4
n
4 n 1
n2 n 1 2
lim n4
4
n
n 1
4
n4
2
n 1
2
lim n
n 4
n 1
4
n
1 2
1
n
lim 4
n
1
4 1
n
1
When n , then 0.
n
2
1 0
4
4 1 0
1
4
Q18.
Answer :
lim x x 1 x
x
x 1 x
lim x x 1 x
x
x 1 x
x x 1 x
lim
x
x 1 x
1
lim
x x 1 x
x
1
lim
x
1
1 x 1
1
As x , 0
x
1
1 0 1
1
2
Q19.
Answer :
1 1 1 1
lim 2 3 ... n
n 3 3 3 3
1 1 1 1
lim 1 2 ..... n 1
n 3
3 3 3
1 1
3 1 3n 1 rn
2 n 1
lim a ar ar ......ar a
n 1 1 r
1
3
1 1
3 1 3n
lim
n
2
3
1 1
lim 1 n
n 2
3
1
As n , 3n , n 0
3
1
1 0
2
1
2
Q20.
Answer :
lim
x
4x2 7 x 2 x
Let x =-m
When n → – ∞, then m → ∞.
lim 4m 2 7 m 2m
m
4m 2 7 m 2m
m
lim 4m 2 7m 2m
2
4m 7 m 2m
4m 2 7 m 2m 2
lim
m
4m 2 7 m 2 m
4m 2 7 m 4m 2
lim
m 2
4m 7 m 2m
7
lim
m
4m 7 m 2m
2
m2 m
7
lim
m 2
4m 7 m
2
2
m m2
7
lim
m
7
4 m 2
1
As m , 0
m
7
4 2
7
4
Q21.
Answer :
lim
x
x2 8x x
Let x = –m
When x → –∞, then m → ∞.
lim
m
m2 8m m
m 2 8m m m 2 8m m
lim
m
m 2 8m m
m2 8m m2
lim
m 2
m 8m m
8
lim
m
m 2 8m 1
m
8
lim
m
m 2 8m
2
2 1
m m
8
lim
m
8
1 m 1
1
As m , 0
m
8
1 0 1
4
Q22.
Answer :
x 4 7 x3 46 x a
lim
x
x4 6
Q23.
Answer :
ax 2 b
f x 2
x 1
lim f x 1
x 0
ax 2 b
lim 2 1
x 0
x 1
a0 b
1
a 1
b 1
Also, lim f x 1
x
ax 2 b
lim 2 1
x
x 1
Q24.
Answer :
n 2 ! n 1 !
lim
n n 2 ! n 1 !
n 2 n 1 ! n 1 !
lim
n n 2 n 1 ! n 1 !
n 1 ! n 2 1
lim
n n 1 ! n 2 1
n 3
lim
n
n 1
3
1
lim n
n 1
1
n
1
When n , then 0.
n
1
1
1
Exercise : 29.7
Page Number:29.49
Q1.
Answer :
sin 3 x
lim
x 0
5x
1 sin 3 x sin 3x
= lim 3 lim 1
5 x 0 3 x x 0 3 x
1
= 1 3
5
3
=
5
Q2.
Answer :
π
We know that x x.
180
sin x 0
lim
x 0 x
sin x
lim 180
x 0 x
sin x
180
lim
x 0 180
x
180
1
180 180
Q3.
Answer :
x2
lim
x 0 sin x 2
When x 0, then x 2 0.
2
Let x
⇒ lim
0
sin
=1
Q4.
Answer :
sin x cos x
lim
x 0
3x
1 sin x
lim cos x
3 x 0 x
1
1 cos 0
3
1
1
3
1
3
Q5.
Answer :
3sin x 4sin 3 x
lim
x 0
x
sin 3x
lim sin 3 A 3sinA 4sin 3 A
x 0
x
sin 3x
lim 3
x 0
3x
1 3
3
Q6.
Answer :
tan 8 x
lim
x 0 sin 2 x
tan 8 x 8x tan 8 x sin 2 x
lim lim 1, lim 1
sin 2 x
8x x 0 8 x 2x
x 0 x 0
2x
2x
4
Q7.
Answer :
tan mx
lim
x 0 tan nx
tan mx mx nx
lim
x 0
mx nx tan nx
tan mx mx
lim nx
tan nx
mx
x 0
nx
m tan x
lim 1
n x 0 x
Q8.
Answer :
sin 5 x
lim
x 0 tan 3 x
sin 5 x 5x
lim lim
x 0 x 0 5x tan 3x
3x
3x
5 sin x tan x
lim 1, lim 1
3 x 0 x x 0 x
Q9.
Answer :
sin x n
lim
x 0 xn
0
It is of the form 0 .
0
Let y x n
lim lim
x 0 y 0
sin y
lim
y 0 y
sin x
1 lim 1
x 0 x
Q10.
Answer :
7 x cos x 3 sin x
lim
x 0
4 x tan x
0
It is of the form .
0
Dividing the numerator and the denominator by x:
sin x
7 cos x 3
x
lim
x 0 tan x
4
x
sin x
7 lim cos x 3 lim
x 0 x 0
x
tan x
4 lim
x 0
x
7.1 3.1
4 1
4
5
Q11.
Answer :
cos ax cos bx
lim
x 0 cos cx cos dx
0
It is of the form .
0
ax bx ax bx
2sin 2 sin 2
lim
x 0
2sin cx dx sin cx dx
a 2 2
ax bx ax bx
sin 2 ax bx sin 2 ax bx
ax b 2 ax bx 2
x
2
lim
sin cx dx cx dx
x 0
sin
2 cx dx 2 cx dx
cx dx 2 cx dx 2
2 2
ax bx ax bx
2 2
1 lim
x 0 cx dx cx dx
2 2
x 2 a b a b
lim 2
x 0 x c d c d
a2 b2
2
c d2
Q12.
Answer :
tan 2 3x
lim 2
x 0
x
tan 3 x tan 3 x
lim 9
x 0
3x 3 x
tan x
1 1 9 lim 1
x 0 x
9
Q13.
Answer :
1 cos mx
lim
x 0
x2
2 mx
2sin 2
lim 1 cos A 2 sin 2 A
2
x 0
x 2
mx mx
sin 2 sin 2 m m
2 lim
x 0
mx mx 2 2
2 2
m m sin x
2 lim 1
2 2 x 0 x
2
m
2
Q14.
Answer :
3 sin 2 x 2 x
lim
x 0 3 x 2 tan 3 x
3 sin 2 x
2
lim x
x 0 2 tan 3x
3
x
sin 2 x
3lim 2 2
x 0
2x
tan 3x
3 2 lim 3
x 0
x
62
3 6
8
9
Q15.
Answer :
cos 3 x cos 7 x
lim
x 0
x2
3x 7 x 3 x 7 x
2sin sin
2 2 C D C D
lim cos C cos D 2sin sin
x 0 x2 2 2
2sin 5 x sin 2 x
lim
x 0
x2
2sin 5 x sin 2 x
lim sin sin
x 0
x2
sin 5 x sin 2 x
2 lim 5 2
x 0
5x 2 x
2 5 2
20
Q16.
Answer :
sin 3
lim
0 tan 2
sin 3 3
lim
tan 2
3
0
2
2
3
2
Q17.
Answer :
lim
sin x 2 1 cos x 2
x 0
x6
2
2 2 x
sin x 2sin 2
A
lim 6
1 cos A 2sin 2
x 0 x 2
x2 x2
sin sin
sin x 2 2 2
2 lim 2
x 0 x 2
x x2
2 2
2 2
2
2 2
1
2
Q18.
Answer :
sin 2 4 x 2
lim 4
x 0
x
sin 4 x 2 sin 4 x 2
lim 2
x 0
x x2
sin 4 x 2 sin 4 x 2
lim 2
4 4
x 0
4 x 4 x2
sin x
4 4 lim 1
x 0 x
1 6
Q19.
Answer :
x cos x 2 sin x
lim 2
x 0
x tan x
2sin x
cos x x
lim
x 0 tan x
x
x
cos 0 2 1 sin x tan x
lim 1, lim 1
0 1 x 0
x x 0
x
3
1
Q20.
Answer :
2 x sin x
lim
x 0
tan x x
sin x
2
lim x
x 0 tan x
1
x
2 1 tan x sin x
lim 1, lim 1
11 x 0 x x 0 x
1
2
Q21.
Answer :
Q22.
Answer :
sin 3 x sin x
lim
x 0
sin x
3x x 3x x
2 cos 2 sin 2 C D C D
lim sin C sin D 2 cos sin
x 0
sin x 2 2
2 cos 2 x.sin x
lim
x 0
sin x
2 cos 0
2
Q23.
Answer :
sin 5 x sin 3 x
lim
x 0
sin x
5 x 3x 5 x 3x
2 cos 2 sin 2 C D C D
lim sinC sinD 2 cos sin
x 0
sin x 2 2
2 cos 4 x. sin x
lim
x 0
sin x
2 cos 0
2
Q24.
Answer :
cos 3 x cos 5 x
lim
x 0
x2
3x 5 x 3x 5 x
2sin 2 sin 2 C D C D
lim cosC cosD 2sin
2 sin
x0
x 2 2
2sin 4 x sin x
2 lim sin sin
x0
x2
sin 4 x sin x
2 lim 4
x 0
4x x
2 4
8.
Q25.
Answer :
tan 3 x 2 x
lim
x 0 3 x sin 2 x
Q26.
Answer :
sin 2 x sin 2 x
lim
x 0
x
2 x2 x 2 x 2 x
2cos 2
sin
2
lim
x 0
x
2cos 2 sin x
lim
x 0
x
sin x
2 cos 2 lim 1
x 0 x
Q27.
Answer :
a h 2 sin a h a 2 sin a
lim
h 0
h
a 2 sin a h h 2 sin a h 2ah sin a h a 2 sin a
lim
h 0
h
Dividing and multiplying the denominator by 2:
aha a h a
2 cos sin
lim a 2 2 2 h sin a h 2a sin a h
h 0 h
2
2
aha
lim a 2 cos h sin a h 2a sin a h
h 0
2
2
a cos a 0 2a sin a
a 2 cos a 2a sin a
Q28.
Answer :
tan x sin x
lim
x 0 sin 3 x 3 sin x
sinx
sin x
lim cos x
3
x 0 3sin x 4sin x 3sin x
sin x 1 cos x
lim
x 0 cos x 4sin 3 x
2 x
2sin 2
lim
x 0 cos x 4sin 2 x
x x
2sin 2 sin 2
lim
x 0 cos x 4 sin x sin x
x x
sin 2 x sin 2 x
2
x 2 x 2
lim 2 2
x 0 sin x sin x
cos x 4 x x
x x
x x
2
lim 2 2
x 0 cos x 4 x x
1
8 cos 0
1
8
Q29.
Answer :
sec 5 x sec 3 x
lim
x 0
sec 3 x sec x
1 1
cos 5 x cos 3x
lim
x 0 1 1
cos 3x cos x
cos 3x cos 5 x
lim
x 0
cos 5 x cos 3x cos x cos 3 x
cos x cos 3x
cos 3 x cos 5 x cos x
lim
x 0 cos 5 x cos x cos 3 x
3x 5 x 3x 5 x
2sin sin cos x
2 2 C D C D
lim cosC cosD 2sin sin
x 0 x 3 x x 3x 2 2
cos 5 x 2sin 2 sin 2
sin 4 x sin x cos x
lim
x 0 cos 5 x sin 2 x sin x
sin 4 x 4x cos x
lim
x 0
4x sin 2 x cos 5 x
2x
2x
4 cos 0
2 cos 0
2
Q30.
Answer :
1 cos 2 x
lim
x 0 cos 2 x cos 8 x
2
2sin x C D D C
lim cosC cosD 2sin sin
x 0
2 sin 2 x 8 x sin 8 x 2 x 2 2
2 2
2sin x sin x
lim
x 0 2sin 5 x sin 3 x
sin x sin x
lim sin sin
x 0 sin 5 x sin 3 x
sin x sin x
x x
lim x x
x 0 sin 5 x sin 3 x 3 x
5 x
5x 3x
1
15
Q31.
Answer :
1 cos 2 x tan 2 x
lim
x 0
x sin x
2 sin 2 x tan 2 x
lim 1 cos 2 A 2 sin 2 A
x 0
x sin x
2 2
2 1 1 sin 2 x tan 2 x
lim 2 1, lim 2 1
1 x 0 x x 0 x
3
Q32.
Answer :
2 sin a cos x 1
lim
x 0
x sin x
2 x
2 sin a 1 2 sin 2 1
lim
x 0
x sin x
2 x
2 sin a 2 sin 2
lim
x 0
x sin x
x x
1 sin sin
4 sin a lim 2 2 1
x 0
x sin x x x 4
x 2 2 2
1 1
4 sin a 11
1 4
sin a
Q33.
Answer :
x 2 tan 2 x
lim
x 0
tan x
Dividing the numerator and the denominator by x:
tan 2 x
x
lim x
x 0
tan x
x
tan 2 x
x 2
lim 2x
x 0
tan x
x
0 2 1
1
2
Q34.
Answer :
2 1 cos x
lim
x 0
x2
lim
2 1 cos x 2 1 cos x
x 0
2
x 2 1 cos x
2 1 cos x
lim 2
x 0
x 2 1 cos x
1 cos x
lim 2
x 0
x 2 1 cos x
x
2 sin 2
lim 2 2
x 0
x 2 1 cos x
2 x
sin
2 1
2 lim 2
x0 2 1 cos x
x
4
2
1 1
2
4 2 1 cos 0
2
4 2 2
1
4 2
Q35.
Answer :
x tan x
lim
x 0 1 cos x
Dividing the numerator and the denominator by x 2 :
x tan x
2
lim x
x 0 1 cos x
x2
tan x
lim x
x 0 2 x
2 sin 2
x x
4
2 2
4
2
2
Q36.
Answer :
x 2 1 cos x
lim
x 0
x sin x
2 2 x
x 2 sin 2
lim
x sin x
x 0
Dividing the numerator and the denominator by x 2 :
2 x
2 sin 2
1
2
lim x
x 0 sin x
x
2 x
2 sin 2
1
2
x
4
lim 2
x 0
sin x
x
2
1
4
1
3
2
1
3
2
Q37.
Answer :
Q38.
Answer :
2 sin x sin 2 x
lim
x 0
x3
x 2 x
2 sin 180 sin 180
lim
3
x 0
x
x x x
2 sin 180 2 sin 180 cos 180
lim
3
x 0
x
x x
2 sin 180 1 cos 180
lim 3
x 0 x
x 2 x
2 sin 180 2 sin 360
lim
2
x 0
x x
x 2 x
4 sin 180 sin 360 2
lim
x x x
x 0
180 360
180 360 360
x x x
sin 180 sin 360 sin 360 3
4 lim
x 0
x x x 180 360 2
180 360 360
3
4 1 1 1
180 360 360
3
180
Q39.
Answer :
x3 cot x
lim
x 0 1 cos x
x3
lim
tan x 1 cos x
x 0
x 3
lim
x 0
tan x 2 sin 2 x
2
x x 2
lim
x 0
tan x 2 sin 2 x
2
x2
x 4
lim 4
x 0
tan x 2 sin 2 x
2
2
x
x 4
lim 2
x 0
tan x sin x 2
2
4
1 1
2
2
Q40.
Answer :
x tan x
lim
x 0 1 cos 2 x
x tan x
lim
2 sin x
x 0 2
Dividing the numerator and the denominator by x 2 :
x tan x
2
lim x 2
x 0
2 sin x
x 2
tan x
lim x
x 0 2
sin x
2
x
1
2
Q41.
Answer :
sin 3 x sin 3 x
lim
x 0
x
3 x 3 x 3 x 3 x
2 cos sin
lim 2 2 sin C sin D 2 cos C D sin C D
x 0
x 2 2
2 cos 3 sin x
lim
x 0
x
2 cos 3
Q42.
Answer :
kx x
lim lim
x 0
sin x x 0 sin kx
x kx 1
k lim lim
x0
sin x x 0 sin kx k
1
k
k
2
k 1
k 1
Q43.
Answer :
3 sin 2 x 2 sin x 2
lim
x 0
3x 2
3 sin x 2 sin x 2
2
lim
x 0
3 x 2
3x 2
2
1
3
1
3
Q44.
Answer :
1 sin x 1 sin x
lim
x 0
x
lim
1 sin x 1 sin x 1 sin x 1 sin x
x 0
x 1 sin x 1 sin x
1 sin x 1 sin x
lim
x 0
x 1 sin x 1 sin x
2 sin x
lim
x 0
x 1 sin x 1 sin x
2
1 0 1 0
2
2
1
Q45.
Answer :
1 cos 4 x
lim
x 0
x2
2 sin 2 2 x
lim 2
x 0
x
sin 2 x sin 2 x
lim 2
x 0
x x
sin 2 x sin 2 x
lim 2 4
x 0
2x 2x
2 11 4
8
Q46.
Answer :
x cos x sin x
lim
x tan x
x 0 2
Dividing the numerator and the denominator by x:
sin x
cos x
lim x
x 0 tan x
x
x
cos 0 1
0 1
2
Q47.
Answer :
1 cos 2 x
lim 2
x 0
3 tan x
2 sin 2 x
lim 2
x 0
3 tan x
2 sin 2 x
lim 2 cos 2 x
x 0
3 sin x
2
cos 2 0
3
2
3
Q48.
Answer :
1 cos 4
lim
0
1 cos 6
2 sin 2 2 A
lim 2 1 cos A 2 sin 2
0
2 sin 3 2
2 2
lim sin 2
2
0 2
sin 2
3
2 2
3
2
3
sin 2 2 3 2 4
lim
0
2 sin 3 9
4 sin x
lim 1
9 X 0 x
Q49.
Answer :
ax x cos x
lim
x 0
b sin x
Dividing the numerator and the denominator by x:
a cos x sin x
lim lim 1
x 0
b sin x x 0 x
x
a cos 0
b
a 1
b
Q50.
Answer :
sin 4
lim
0
tan 3
sin 4 4
lim
tan 3
4
0
3
3
4
3
Q51.
Answer :
1 cos
lim
2
0
2
2
2 sin 2
lim
2
0
2
2
sin 2
lim 2
0
4
4
2
sin
2 1
lim
0
4
2
1
4
Q52.
Answer :
1 cos 5 x
lim
x 0 1 cos 6 x
2 5x
2 sin 2
lim
2
x 0
2 sin 3x
2 5x 5x
2
sin
2 2
lim 2
x 0 2
sin 3x 2
5x 3x
2
2 3x
2
sin 5 x 25 2
x
2
4
lim 2
x 0 5 x sin 3x
2
2 3x 9 x
25
9 4
25
36
Q53.
Answer :
cosec x cot x
lim
x 0
x
1 cos x
sin x sin x
lim
x 0
x
1 cos x
lim
x 0
x sin x
2 x
2 sin 2
lim
x 0
x sin x
2 x x2
2 sin
2 4
lim 2
x 0
x x sin x 2
x
2 x x
1
2
4
1
2
Q54.
Answer :
sin 3x 7 x
lim
x 0
4 x sin 2 x
sin 3x
3 x 3x 7 x
lim
x 0 sin 2 x
4 x 2x
2x
sin 3 x
3x 3 7 x
lim
x 0
4 sin
2 x
2 x
2x
3 7
42
10 5
6 3
Q55.
Answer :
5 x 4 sin 3x
lim
x 0
4 sin 2 x 7 x
sin 3x
5 x 4 3 x 3x
lim
x 0 4 sin 2 x
2x 7x
2x
sin 3x 3
5 4 3x x
lim
x 0
4 sin 2 x 2 7 x
2x
5 43 sin 3x
lim 1
4 2 7 x 0 3x
17
15
Q56.
Answer :
3 sin x sin 3x
lim
x 0
x3
3 sin x 3 sin x 4 sin 3 x
lim
x 0
x3
4 sin 3 x
lim 3
x 0
x
sin x 3
lim 4
x 0
x
4 1 4
Q57.
Answer :
tan 2 x sin 2 x
lim
x 0
x3
sin 2 x
cos 2 x sin 2 x
lim
x 0
x3
sin 2 x 1 cos 2 x
lim
x 0
coS 2 x x 3
sin 2 x 2 sin 2 x
lim 3
x 0
cos 2 x x
2
sin 2 x 2 sin x
lim 2
x 0
2 x cos 2 x x
2 2
cos 0
4
Q58.
Answer :
sin ax bx
lim
ax sin bx
x 0
sin ax
ax ax bx
lim
x 0 sin bx
ax bx
bx
sin ax
ax a b x
lim
x 0
a sin bx b x
bx
1 a b
ab
1
Q59.
Answer :
lim cosec x cot x
x 0
1 cos x
lim
x 0
sin x sin x
1 cos x A
lim 1 cos A 2 sin 2
x 0
sin x 2
2 x
2 sin 2
lim
x 0
2 sin cos x
x
2 2
x
lim tan
x 0
2
0
Q60.
Answer :
cos 2 x 1
lim
x 0
cos x 1
1 2 sin 2 x 1
lim
x 0
1 2 sin 2 x 1
2
sin 2 x
lim
x 0
sin 2 x
2
2
sin x x2
lim 2
x 0 x x
sin 2 2
2 x
x 2
4
4
sin x 2 1
lim 2
4
x 0
x x
sin 2
x
2
4
Exercise : 29.8
Page Number:29.62
Q1.
Answer :
sin x
lim
x x
sin h
lim lim f x lim f a h
h0 h xa h 0
sin h
lim sin 0 sin 0
h0 h
1
Q2.
Answer :
sin 2 x
lim sin 2 x 2 sin x cos x
cos x
x
2
2 sin x cos x
lim
cos x
x
2
lim 2 sin x
x
2
2
Q3.
Answer :
cos 2 x
lim
x 1 sin x
2
lim
1 sin x 1 sin x
x
2
1 sin x
lim 1 sin x
x
2
11 2
Q4.
Answer :
1 sin x
lim
x cos 2 x
2
lim
1 sin x
x
2
1 sin x
2
lim
1 sin x
x
2
1 sin x 1 sin x
1
lim
x 1 sin x
2
1
2
Q5.
Answer :
cos x cos a
lim
x a xa
xa xa
2 sin sin
2 2 A B A B
lim cos A cos B 2 sin sin
x a xa 2 2
2
2
xa
lim sin
lim sin
a 1
x a
2
a a
2a
sin
2
sin a
Q6.
Answer :
1 tan x
lim
x
4 x
4
1 tan h
lim 4
h 0
h
4 4
1 tan h
1
1 tan h 1 tan
lim tan 0
h 0 h 4 1 tan
1 tan h 1 tan h
lim
h 0 1 tan h h
2 tan h tan h
lim lim 1
h 0 h 1 tan h h 0 h
2
2
1 0
Q7.
Answer :
1 sin x
lim 2
x
2
x
2
1 sin h
lim 2
h0 2
2 2 h
1 cos h
lim
h0 h2
h
2 sin 2
lim 2 lim sin h 1
h0 4h 2 h0 h
4
2
h
1 sin 2
lim
2 h 0 h
2
1
2
Q8.
Answer :
3 tan x
lim
x
3x
3
3 tan h
lim 3
h 0
3 h
3
tan 3 tan h
3
1 tan tan h
lim 3
h 0
3 h
3
3 tan h
3
1 3 tan h
lim
h 0 3h
3 3 tan h 3 tan h
lim
h 0
1
3 tan h 3h
4 tan h
lim
h 0
3h 1 3 tan h
4
3
Q9.
Answer :
x sin x 2 cos x
2
lim
x
2 x cot x
2
2 2 h sin 2 h 2 cos 2 h
lim Plugging x h
h 0 2
2 2 h cot 2 h
h cos h 2 sin h
lim
h 0 h tan h
Dividing the numerator and the denominator by h:
sin h
cos h 2
lim h
h 0 tan h
1
h
1 2 1 1
11 2
Q10.
Answer :
cos x sin x
lim
x
4 x cos x sin x
4
Dividing the numerator and the denominator by 2:
1 1
cos x sin x
lim 2 2
x
cos x sin x
4
x
4 2
2 sin cos x cos sin x
4 4
lim
x
4 x cos x sin x
4
2 sin x
4
lim
x
4 x cos x sin x
4
sin x
2 4
lim lim
x
sin x cos x
x
4 4 x
4
2
1
1 1
2 2
1
Q11.
Answer :
2 sin x 1
lim 2
x
2
x
2
2 sin h 1
2
lim 2
h 0
2 2 h
2 cos h 1
lim
h 0 h2
Dividing the numerator and the denominator by 2 cos h 1:
lim
2 cos h 1 2 cos h 1
h 0
2 cos h 1 h 2
2 cos h 1
lim
h 0 2
h 2 cos h 1
1 cos h
lim 2
h 0
h 2 cos h 1
h
2 sin 2
lim 2
h 0 4h 2
4
2 cos h 1
2
h
sin
1 2 lim 1
lim h 0
2 h 0 h 2 cos h 1
2
1
2 2 1 1
1
4
Q12.
Answer :
2 cos x sin x
lim 2
x
4
x
4
Dividing the numerator and the denominator by 2:
1 1
1 cos x sin x
2 2
lim 2
x 1
4 x
2 4
1 cos cos x sin sin x
4 4
lim 2
x 1
4 x
2 4
2 1 cos x
4
lim 2
x
4
x
4
x
2 2 sin 2 4
2
2
lim 2
1 cos 2 sin
x 2
4
x
4
2 4 x
sin
2
2 2 lim 2
x
4 x
4
4
2
2 2
4
1
2
Q13.
Answer :
cot 4 x cos 4 x
lim 3
x
8
8 x
cot 4 h cos 4 h
lim 8 8
h 0 3
8 h
8
2
1 tan 4h sin 2h
lim lim
16 h 0
4h h 0
2h
1 1
11
16 16
Q14.
Answer :
cos x cos a
lim
xa x a
xa xa
2 sin sin
lim 2 2
xa x a
Dividing the numerator and the denominator by x a :
xa x a
sin 2 sin 2
2 lim x a
x a xa
2
2
xa
sin
xa 2
2lim sin
xa
2 2 x a
x a
2
2a a a
2 sin
2 2
2 a sin a
Q15.
Answer :
5 cos x 2
lim 2
x
x
5 cos h 2
lim 2
h 0
h
5 cos h 2
lim
h 0 h2
Rationalising the numerator , we get :
lim
5 cos h 2 5 cos h 2
h 0
h 2 5 cos h 2
5 cos h 4
lim
h 0 2
h 5 cos h 2
1 cos h
lim
h 0
h 2 5 cos h 2
h
2 sin 2
lim 2
h 0 h2
4 5 cos h 2
4
1
2 5 1 2
1
2 4
1
8
Q16.
Answer :
cos x cos a
lim
xa xa
x a x a
2 sin sin
2 2
lim
xa x a
2
2
x a
x a x a
sin sin
2 2
lim
xa x a x a
2
a 1
1 sin
2 a
sin a
2 a
Q17.
Answer :
sin x sin a
lim
x a xa
x a x a
2 cos sin
2 2
lim
xa
x a x a
x a x a
2 cos sin
2 2
lim
xa
x a x a
2
2
1 2 a
cos
a a 2
1
cos a
2 a
Q18.
Answer :
1 x2
lim
x 1 sin 2 x
2
1 1 h
lim
h 0 sin 2 1 h
2h h 2
lim
h 0 sin 2 h
2 h
lim
h 0 sin 2 h
lim
h 2
h 0 2 sin 2 h
2 h
02
2 1
1
Q19.
Answer :
f x f
lim 4
x
4 x
4
f h f
4 4
lim
h 0
h
4 4
sin 2h sin
lim 2 2
h0 h
cos 2h 1
lim
h 0 h
sin 2 h
lim 2 h
h 0
hh
lim 2h 0
h0
Q20.
Answer :
1 cos x
lim 2
x 1
1 x
1 cos 1 h
lim 2
h 0
1 1 h
1 cos h
lim
h 0 h2
h
2 sin 2
lim 2
h 0 4 2 h 2
2 4
h
sin 2
lim 2
h 0 2
2 h
2 2
2
2
Q21.
Answer :
1 x2
lim
x 1 sin x
2
1 1 h
lim
h 0 sin 1 h
2h h 2
lim
h 0 sin h
h 2 h
lim
h 0 sin h
lim
2 h
h 0 sin h
h
20 2
Q22.
Answer :
1 sin 2 x
lim
x 1 cos 4 x
4
1 sin 2 h
lim 4
h 0
1 cos 4 h
4
1 cos 2h
lim
h 0 1 cos 4h
2 sin 2 h
lim
h 0 2 sin 2 2 h
sin 2 h
2
lim h 2
h 0 4 sin 2h
4h 2
1
4
Q23.
Answer :
cot 2 x 3
lim
x cosec x 2
6
cosec 2 x 1 3
lim
cosec x 2
x
6
cosec 2 x 4
lim
x cosec x 2
6
cosec x 2 cosec x 2
lim
x
6
cosec x 2
cosec 2
6
4
Q24.
Answer :
lim n sin cos
n 4n 4n
lim n sin lim cos
n 4n n 4n
n sin
lim 4n 1
n 4n
4n
sin
4n
lim
4 n
4n
Let y
4n
If n , then y 0.
sin y
lim
4 y 0 y
4
Q25.
Answer :
a
lim 2n 1 sin n
n
2
a
n sin n
2
lim 2 a
n
n 2 a 2
n
2
a
Let y n
2
If n , then y 0.
a sin y
lim
y 0 2
y
a
2
Q26.
Answer :
a
sin n
lim 2
n b
sin n
2
a a
n sin n
lim 2 2
n b
sin n
a b
2
n n b
2 2
2 n
Let :
a
y
2n
b
z n
2
If n , then y 0 and z 0.
y sin y 1
lim
z y 0 y sin z
lim
z 0 z
y 1
1
z 1
a
n
1
2
b
1
2n
a
b
Q27.
Answer :
x2 x 2
lim
x 1 x 2 x sin x 1
lim
x 2 x 1
x 1 x x 1 sin x 1
Let y x 1
If x 1, then y 0.
lim
y 3 y
y 0 y 1 y sin y
Dividing the numerator and the denominator by y:
lim
y 3
y 0 sin y
y 1
y
03
0 1 1
3
0
Q28.
Answer :
x2 x 2
lim 2
x 2 x 2 x sin x 2
lim
x 2 x 1
x2 x x 2 sin x 2
Let y x 2
x 2
y 0
y y 3
lim
y 0 y 2 y sin y
Dividing the numerator and the denominator by y:
lim
y 3
y 0 sin y
y 2
y
3
2 1
3
1
3
Q29.
Answer :
x
lim 1 x tan
x 1 2
lim 1 1 h tan 1 h
h0 2
h
lim h tan
h0
2 2
h
lim h cot
h0 2
h
lim
h0 h
tan
2
1
lim
h0 h
tan
2 2
h
2
1 h
lim tan 1
h 0 h
2
2
Q30.
Answer :
1 tan x
lim
x 1 2 sin x
4
0
It is of form.
0
lim
1 tan x 1 2 sin x
2
x 1 2 sin x
4
sin x
1 cos x 1 2 sin x
lim
cos 2 x
x
4
lim
cos x sin x 1 2 sin x
x
cos x cos 2 x
4
cos x sin x 1 2 sin x
lim
x
4
cos x· cos 2
x sin 2
x
lim
cos x sin x 1 2 sin x
x
cos x cos x sin x cos x sin x
4
1
1 2
2
1 1 1
2 2 2
2
1
2
2
2
Q31.
Answer :
2 cos x 1
lim 2
x
x
2 cos h 1
lim 2
h 0
h
2 cos h 1 2 cos h 1
lim 2
h 0
h 2 cos h 1
2 cos h 1
lim
h 0
h 2
2 cos h 1
1 cos h
lim
h 0
h 2 2 cos h 1
h
2 sin 2
lim 2
h 0 h2
4 2 cos h 1
4
112
2 2 1 1
1
4
Q32.
Answer :
2 cos x sin x
lim 2
x
4
4x
2 cos h sin h
4 4
lim 2
h 0
4 4 h
2 cos cos h sin sin h sin cos h cos sin h
4 4 4 4
lim 2
h 0
4h
2 2 cos h
lim 2
h 0
4h
2 1 cos h
lim
h 0 16 h 2
h
2 2 sin 2
lim 2
h 0 h2
64
4
2 2
1
32
1
16 2
Q33.
Answer :
1
1
lim x
x 1 sin x 1
x 1
lim
x 1 x sin x 1
Let y x 1
x 1
y 0
y
lim
y 0 y 1 sin y
1
lim
y 0 sin y
y 1
y
1
0 1 1
1
Q34.
Answer :
1
1 x
lim
x 1 sin x 1
x 1
lim
x 1 xsin x 1
Let y = x – 1
If x → 1, then y → 0.
y
lim
y 0 y 1 sin y
1
lim
y 0
y 1 sin y
y
1
0 1 1
1
Q35.
Answer :
1 cos x
lim
x tan 2 x
1 cos h
lim
h0 tan 2 h
1 cos h
lim
h0 tan 2 h
h
2 sin 2
lim 2
h 0 tan 2 h
h
2 sin 2
lim 2
h0 h tan 2 h
2
4
4 h2
2
h
sin 2
lim
h 0 h
1 2
2
2 tan h
lim
h 0
h
2
1 1 1
2
2 1 2
Q36.
Answer :
cot x
lim
x
2 x
2
cot h
lim 2
h 0
h
2 2
tan h
lim 1
x 0 h
Q37.
Answer :
cos x sin x
lim
x
4 x
4
Rationalising the numerator :
cos x sin x cos x sin x
lim
x
cos x sin x
4 x
4
cos x sin x
lim
x
4 x
4
cos x sin x
cos h sin h
lim 4 4
h0
h cos h sin h
4 4 4 4
cos cos h sin sin h sin cos h cos sin h
lim 4 4 4 4
h0
h cos h sin h
4 4
2 sin h
lim
h 0
h cos h sin h
4 4
2 1
1
1 4
2
2
1
1
4
1
2
4
2
Q38.
Answer :
a sin x x sin a
lim
x a
ax 2 xa 2
Let x a h
When x a, then h 0.
a sin a h a h sin a
lim 2 2
h0
a a h a h a
a sin a h a sin a h sin a
lim
a a h 2ah a a h
h0 2 2 3 2
2a h h
2a cos 2 sin 2
lim h sin a
h 0
h
a a h 2 ah a h
2
2a cos a 1 sin a
2
a2 2 a
a cos a sin a
a2
Q39.
Answer :
2 1 sin x
lim
x cos 2 x
2
Rationalising the numerator :
lim
2 1 sin x 2 1 sin x
x
2
cos 2
x 2
1 sin x
2 1 sin x
lim
x cos x·
2
2
2 1 sin x
lim 1 sin x
x 1 sin x 1 sin x
2
2 1 sin x
1
11 2 2
1
2 2 2
1
4 2
Q40.
Answer :
tan 2 x
lim
x
2 x
2
tan 2 h
lim 2
h 0
h
2 2
tan 2h
lim
h 0 h
2 tan 2h
lim
h 0 2h
2
Exercise : 29.9
Page Number:29.65
Q1.
Answer :
1 cos x 0
lim 2 form
x
tan x 0
1 cos x 2
lim 2
cos x
x
sin x
1 cos x
lim 2
cos 2 x
x
1 cos x
lim
1 cos x
cos 2 x
1 cos x 1 cos x
x
2
cos x
lim
1 cos x
x
cos 2
1 cos
2
1
1 1
1
2
Q2.
Answer :
cosec 2 x 2
lim
x cot x 1
4
1 cot 2 x 2
lim
cot x 1
x
4
cot 2 x 1
lim
x cot x 1
4
cot x 1 cot x 1
lim
x
4
cot x 1
cot 1
4
2
Q3.
Answer :
cot 2 x 3
lim
x cosec x 2
6
cosec 2 x 1 3
lim
x cosec x 2
6
cosec 2 x 4
lim
x cosec x 2
6
cosec x 2 cosec x 2
lim
x
6
cosec x 2
cosec 2
6
22
4
Q4.
Answer :
2 cosec 2 x
lim
x 1 cot x
4
2 1 cot 2 x
lim
1 cot x
x
4
2
1 cot x
lim
x 1 cot x
4
Q5.
Answer :
2 cos x 1
lim 2
x
x
Rationalising the numerator , we get :
lim
2 cos x 1 2 cos x 1
x
x
2
2 cos x 1
2 cos x 1
lim
x
2
x 2 cos x 1
1 cos x
lim 2
x
x 2 cos x 1
Let x = π – h
when x → π, then h → 0
1 cos h
lim
h0 2
h 2 cos h 1
1 cos h
lim 2 cos cos
h0
h 2 cos h 1
h
2 sin 2
lim 2
2
h0
4 h 2 cos h 1
4
2
h
sin
1 2 1
lim
2 h0 h 2 cos h 1
2
1 1
1
2 2 cos 0 1
1 1
2 1 1
1
2 2
1
4
Q6.
Answer :
1 cosec3 x
lim 2
3
x
3
cot x
1 cosec x 12 cosec 2 x cosec x
lim
x
3
2
cosec 2
x 1
1 cosec x 1 cosec 2 x cosec x
lim
x
3
2
cosec x 1 cosec x 1
3 3
1 cosec 2 cosec
2 2
3
cosec 1
2
1 1 1
1 1
3
2
Exercise : 29.10
Page Number:29.71
Q1.
Answer :
5x 1
lim
x0
4 x 2
lim
5 x
1
4 x 2
x 0
4 x 2 4 x 2
5x 1 4 x 2
lim
x 0 4 x4
5x 1 a x 1
lim 4 x 2 lim
x 0 log a
x x
x 0
log 5 40 2
4 log 5
Q2.
Answer :
log 1 x
lim x
3 1
x0
log 1 x log 1 x a x 1
lim lim
x 0 1 lim log a
x 0 3x 1 x
x·
x 0
x
x
1
log 3
Q3.
Answer :
a x a x 2
lim
x 0
x2
x x 2
2 x
x
a 2 a 2 2a 2 ·a 2
lim 2
x 0 x
2
x
x
a2 a 2
lim 2
x 0 x
2
x
a2 1
x
2
lim a
x 0 x 2
x 2
a 1 1
lim 2
x 0 x2 2x
a
a x 1 2 1
lim x
x 0
x a
2
log a
a0
2
log a
Q4.
Answer :
a mx 1
lim nx
x 0
b 1
mx
a 1 mx
lim nx
x 0 mx b 1
nx
nx
log e a m
log e b n
m log a
n log b
Q5.
Answer :
a x bx 2
lim
x 0
x
a x 1 b x 1
lim
x 0
x
x
a 1 b x 1
lim lim
x 0
x x 0 x
log a log b
log ab
Q6.
Answer :
9 x 2.6 x 4 x
lim
x 0
x2
3x 2·3x ·2 x 2 x 2
2
lim
x 0 x2
3x 2 x 2 .
lim
x 0 x2
2
x x 2
2x
3 2
lim x 2
x 0 2 x
2
3 x
1
2
lim 22 x
x 0 x
2
3
log 20
2
2
3
log
2
Q7.
Answer :
8x 4 x 2 x 1
lim
x 0
x2
2 x 3 2 x 2 2 x 1
lim
x 0 x2
2 x 2 2 x 1 1 2 x 1
lim
x 0 x2
22 x 1 2 x 1
lim
x 0
x2
2 22 x 1 2 x 1
lim
x 0
2x x
2 log 2 log 2
2
log 2 log 2
log 4 log 2
Q8.
Answer :
a mx b nx
lim
x 0
x
a mx 1 b nx 1
lim
x 0
x
a mx 1 b nx 1
lim
x 0
x
a mx 1 b nx 1
lim m n
x 0
mx nx
m log a n log b
m n
log a log b
am
log n
b
Q9.
Answer :
a n bn cn 3
lim
x 0
x
a 1 b 1 c n 1
n n
lim
x 0
x x x
log a log b log c
log abc
Q10.
Answer :
x2
lim
x 2 log x 1
a
Let x = 2 + h
x→2
∴h→0
lim 2 h 2
h 0 log 2 h 1
log a
h
log a lim
log 1 h
h 0
log a 1
Q11.
Answer :
5 x 3x 2 x 3
lim
x 0
x
5 x 1 3x 1 2 x 1
lim
x 0
x x x
log 5 log 3 log 2
log 5 3 2
log 30
Q12.
Answer :
1
lim a x 1 x
x
1
Let y
x
x
y0
a y 1
lim
y 0
y
log a
Q13.
Answer :
a mx b nx
lim
sin kx
x 0
a mx 1 b nx 1
lim
x 0
sin kx
Dividing the numerator and the denomiantor by x:
a mx 1 b nx 1
m n
mx nx
lim
x 0 sin kx
k
kx
m log a n log b
k 1
1 m n
log a log b
k
1 am
log n
k b
Q14.
Answer :
a n bn cn d n
lim
x 0
x
a n bn 2 cn d n 2
lim
x 0
x
a n 1 b n 1 c n 1 d n 1
lim
x 0
x
a n 1 b n 1 c n 1 d n 1
lim
x x x x
x 0
Q15.
Answer :
e x 1 sin x
lim
x 0
x
e x 1 sin x
lim
x 0
x x
11
2
Q16.
Answer :
sin 2 x
lim x
e 1
x 0
Q17.
Answer :
esin x 1
lim
x 0
x
esin x 1 sin x
lim
x 0
sin x x
x→0
∴ sin x → 0
Let y=sin x
x→0
∴y→0
e y 1 sin x
lim lim
y 0
y x 0 x
11
Q18.
Answer :
e2 x e x
lim
sin 2 x
x 0
e x e x 1
lim
x 0
sin 2 x
e x e x 1 2x 1
lim
x 0
x sin 2 x 2
1 1
e0 1
1 2
1
2
Q19.
Answer :
log x log a
lim
xa
xa
x
log a
lim
xa
a x 1
a
x
log 1 a 1
lim
xa x
a 1
a
xa
x
1
a
x
1 0
a
x
Let y 1
a
xa
y 0
log 1 y
lim
y 0
a y
1
1
a
1
a
Q20.
Answer :
log a x log a x
lim
x 0
x
a x
log a x
lim
x 0
x
a x
log 1 a x 1
lim
x 0
x
a x a x
log 1 ax
lim
x 0
x
2x
log 1 a x
lim
x 0
2 x a x
a x 2
x0
2x
0
ax
2x
Let y
ax
log 1 y 1
lim lim
y 0
y x 0 a x
2
2
1
a
Q21.
Answer :
log 2 x log 0.5
lim
x 0
x
log 2 x 0.5
lim
x 0
x
x
log 1 2
lim
x 0
x
2
2
1
1
2
1
2
Q22.
Answer :
log a x log a
lim
x 0
x
a x
log a
lim
x 0
x
x
log 1 a
lim
x 0
x a
a
1
1
a
1
a
Q23.
Answer :
log 3 x log 3 x
lim
x 0
x
3 x
log 3 x
lim
x 0
x
3 x
log 1 3 x 1
lim
x 0
x
3 x 3 x
log 1 3 x
lim
x 0
x
2x
log 1 3 x
lim
x 0
x
2x
log 1 3 x
lim
x 0
2x 3 x
3 x 2
1 2
30
2
3
Q24.
Answer :
8x 2 x
lim
x 0
x
8 x 1 2 x 1
lim
x 0
x x
log 8 log 2
8
log
2
log 4
Q25.
Answer :
x 2x 1
lim
x 0 1 cos x
2 x 1 x2
lim
x 1 cos x
x 0
2 x 1 x2
lim
x 0
x x
2 sin 2
2
x2
2 x 1 4
lim 4
x 0
x 2 sin 2 x
2
4 1
log 2 2
2 1
2 log 2
2
log 2
log 4
Q26.
Answer :
1 x 1
lim
x 0 log 1 x
1 x 1 1 x 1
lim
x 0
log 1 x 1 x 1
1 x 1
lim
x 0
log 1 x 1 x 1
1
1 1 0 1
1
2
Q27.
Answer :
log 1 x3
lim 3
x 0
sin x
log 1 x3 x3
lim 3
x 0
x3 sin x
1
1 3
1
1
Q28.
Answer :
a cot x a cos x
lim
x cot x cos x
2
Q29.
Answer :
ex 1
lim
x 0
1 cos x
Rationalising the denominator , we get :
e x 1 1 cos x
lim
x 0
1 cos x 1 cos x
e x 1 1 cos x
lim
x 0
1 cos 2 x
e x 1 1 cos x
lim
x 0
sin x
2
Q30.
Answer :
e x e5
lim
x 5
x 5
e x 5 1
lim e5
x 5
x 5
e5 1
Q31.
Answer :
e x2 e2
lim
x 0
x
2 ex 1
lim e
x
x 0
e2 1
e2
Q32.
Answer :
ecos x 1
lim
x cos x
2
If x , then cos x 0.
2
Let y cos x
e y 1
lim
y 0
y
1
Q33.
Answer :
e3 x sin x e3
lim
x 0
x
e3 x e3 sin x
lim
x 0
x x
e x 1 sin x
lim e3
x x
x 0
e3 1 1
e3 1
Q34.
Answer :
e x x 1
lim
x 0
2
2
x x x3
e x 1 .....
1! 2! 3!
x x2 x3
1 .... x 1
1! 2! 3!
lim
x 0 2
2 3
x x
2! 3! ....
lim
x 0
2
0
Q35.
Answer :
e3 x e 2 x
lim
x 0
x
e3 x 1 e 2 x 1
lim
x x
x 0
e3 x 1 e 2 x 1
lim 3 2
3x 2 x
x 0
3 1 2 1
1
Q36.
Answer :
e tan x 1
lim
x 0
tan x
If x → 0, then tan x → 0.
Let y = tan x
e y 1
lim
y 0
y
1
Q37.
Answer :
ebx e ax
lim
x 0
x
ebx 1 e ax 1
lim
x 0
x x
ebx 1 eax 1
lim b a
bx ax
x 0
b 1 a 1
ba
Q38.
Answer :
e tan x 1
lim
x 0
x
e tan x 1 tan x
lim
x 0
tan x x
1 1
Q39.
Answer :
e x esin x
lim
x 0
x sin x
sin x e x
e sin x 1
lim e
x 0 x sin x
x sin x
e 1
lim esin x
x 0
x sin x
esin 0
1
Q40.
Answer :
32 x 9
lim
x 0
x
32·3x 32
lim
x 0
x
3x 1
32 lim
x0
x
9 log 3
9 log e 3
Q41.
Answer :
a x a x
lim
x 0
x
x 1
a ax
lim
x
x 0
2x
a 1
lim x 2
x 0
a ·2 x
a 2 x 1 2
lim x
x 0
2x a
a 2 x 1 2
lim x
x 0
2 x a
2
log a
a0
2 log a
Q42.
Answer :
x ex 1
lim
x 0 1 cos x
Q43.
Answer :
2 cos x 1
lim
x
x x
2
2
sin x
2 2 1
lim cos x sin x
x 2
x x
2
2
sin x
2 2 1
lim
x
x x
2
2
sin x
2 2 1 sin x 2 1
lim
x x
2 sin x x
2 2
1
log e 2 1
2
2
log e 2
Exercise : 29.11
Page Number:29.76
Q1.
Answer :
1
lim cos x sin x x
x 0
x a xa x a g x x a
Here :
f x cos x sin x 1
g x x
Q2.
Answer :
1
lim cos x sin x
x 0
1
lim 1 cos x 1sin x
x 0
Here :
f x cos x 1
g x sin x
cos x 1
lim
x0 sin x
e
2 x
2 sin 2
lim
x0 x x
2 sin cos
2 2
e
x
lim tan
x0 2
e
e0
1
Q3.
Answer :
1
lim cos x a sin bx x
x 0
1
lim 1 cos x a sin bx 1 x
x 0
Here :
f x cos x a sin bx 1
g x x
Q4.
Answer :
1
lim 1 tan 2 x 2x
x 0
Here :
f x tan 2 x
g x 2 x
tan 2 x
lim
x0
2 x
e
tan x tan x 1
lim
x0 x x 2
e
1
11
2
e
e
Q5.
Answer :
x 1
3 x 4 3
lim
x
3x 2
x 1
3 x 4 3
lim 1 1
x
3x 2
x 1
3 x 4 3 x 2 3
lim 1
x
3x 2
x 1
6 3
lim 1
x
3x 2
x a xa x a g x xa
Here :
6
f x
3x 2
g x 2 x
6 x 1
lim
x 3 x 2
3
e
6 x 6
lim
x 9 x 6
e
6
6 x
lim
x 6
9
x
e
2
1
e 3 When x , 0
x
Q6.
Answer :
3 x2
2
x 2x 3 3x2
lim 2
x
2x x 5
x 2 2 x 3 33 xx 22
lim 1 2 1
x
2x x 5
3x 2
x 2 2 x 3 2 x 2 x 5 3 x 2
lim 1
x
2 x2 x 5
3x 2
x2 x 2 3x2
lim 1
x
2x2 x 5
x2 x 2 3 x 2
lim 2
x
2 x x 5 3 x 2
e
1 2 2
1 x 2 3
lim x x
x 1 5 3 2
2 2
x x x
e
1
1
2
e
1
e
Q7.
Answer :
1 cos x 1
x3 2 x 2 x 1 x 12
lim 2
x 1
x 2x 3
1 cos x 1
x3 2 x 2 x 1 x 12
lim 1 1
x 1
x2 2x 3
x3 2 x 2 x 1 x 2 2 x 3 1 cos x 1
lim
x 1
x2 2 x 3 x 1
2
e
x 1
2 sin 2
x3 x 2 x 2 2
lim 2
x 1 x 2 x 3 x 1
2
4
4
e
111 2 1
1 2 3 2
e
1
12
e
Q8.
Answer :
1
e x e x 2 x2
lim
x 0
x2
1
e x e x 2 x2
lim 1 1
x 0
x2
e x e x 2 1
lim 1 2
x0 x2 x
e
x x 2 x3
e 1 ......
x
1! 2! 3!
x x 2 x3
e x 1 ......
1! 2! 3!
x x 2 x2 2 x4
e e 2 .....
2! 4!
2 x2 2 x 4
2 ...2
lim 2! 4! 1 1
x 0 x2 x2
e
2 x2 2 x4
......
1
lim 2! 4!
x 0 x4 x2
e
2 x4 2
x ..... x
lim 12
x 0 x4
e
1
e12
Q9.
Answer :
1
sin x x a
lim
xa
sin a
1
sin x x a
lim 1 1
xa
sin a
1
sin x sin a x a
lim 1
xa
sin a
sin x sin a 1
lim
xa sin a xa
e
x a xa
2 cos sin
2 2
lim
xa xa
sin a 2
2
e
cos a
sin a
e
ecot a
Q10.
Answer :
x3
2
3x 1 1 x
lim 2
x
4 x 1
x3
3 x 2 1 1 x
lim 1 2 1
x
4x 1
x3
2 2
3x 1 4 x 1 1 x
lim 1
x
4x2 1
x3
2
2 x 1 x
lim 1 2
x
4 x 1
2 x 2 x3
lim 2
x
4 x 1 1 x
e
x5 2 x3
lim
2
x 4 x 1 1 x
e
Dividing N r and D r by x5 :
2
1 3
x
lim
x 4 x 2 1
1 x
2
x3 x
e
2
1 3
lim x
x 4 1 1 1
3 2
x x x x
e
1
e 0
e 0
Q11.
Answer :
n
x
lim 1
n
n
x
lim n
n n
e
ex
Exercise : VSA
Page Number:29.77
Q1.
Answer :
1 cos 2 x
lim
x 0
x
2 sin 2 x
lim
x 0 x
sin 2 x
2 lim
x 0 x
sin x
2 lim
x 0
x
LHL :
sin x
2 lim
x 0
x
Let x 0 h, where h 0.
sin h
2 lim
h 0 h
sin h
2 lim
h 0
h
2
RHL :
sin x
2 lim
x0
x
Let x 0 h, where h 0.
sin h
2 lim 2
h
h0
LHL RHL
1 cos 2 x
Thus, lim does not exist.
x 0
x
Q2.
Answer :
lim x
x 0
If x 0 h, then h 0.
lim 0 h
h 0
1
Q3.
Answer :
lim x
x 0
Let x 0 h, where h 0.
lim 0 h
h 0
0
Q4.
Answer :
lim x x
x 1
x 1 h
h 0
lim 1 h 1 h
h 0
1 0
1
Q5.
Answer :
sin x
lim
x 0
x
x 0 h
h 0
sin 0 h
lim
0 h
h0
sin 1
1
sin 1
1
sin 1
Q6.
Answer :
sin x
lim
x
x
LHL :
sin x
lim
x x
If x h, then h 0.
sin h
lim
h 0
h
sin h
lim
h 0
h
1
RHL :
sin x
lim
x x
If x h, then h 0.
sin h
lim
h 0
h
sin h
lim
h 0
h
1
sin x
lim 1
x
x
Q7.
Answer :
sin x
lim
x
x
1
Let x
y
If x , then y 0.
1
lim y·sin
y 0
y
LHL :
Let y 0 h
If y 0, then h 0.
1
lim 0 h sin
h 0
0 h
0 The oscillating number between -1 and 1
0
RHL :
1
lim y·sin
y 0
y
Let y 0 h
If y 0, then h 0.
1
lim h sin
h 0
h
0 The oscillating number between –1 and 1
0
Q8.
Answer :
x2
lim
x2 x2
LHL :
x2
lim
x2
x2
Let x 2 h
If x 2, then h 0.
2h2
lim 1
h 0 2h2
RHL :
x2
lim
x2
x2
Let x 2 h
If x 2, then h 0.
2h2
lim 1
h 0 2h2
LHL RHL
x2
Thus, lim does not exist.
x2
x2
Q9.
Answer :
sin x
lim
x 0
x
x
sin 180
lim
x 0
180
180 x
1
180
180
Q10.
Answer :
sin x
lim
x 0
x
Let x 0 h
If x 0, then h 0.
sin h
lim
h 0
h
The value does not exist.
Q11.
Answer :
sin x
lim
x 0
1 x 1
Rationalising the denominator , we get :
1 x 1
sin x
lim
x 0
1 x 1 1 x 1
sin x 1 x 1
lim
x 0 1 x 1
sin x
lim
x 0
x
1 x 1
1 1 1
2
Q12.
Answer :
lim 3x 9 x 2 x
x
Let
m x
If x , then m .
lim 3m 9m 2 m
m
Rationalising the numerator , we get :
lim
3m
9m 2 m 3m 9m 2 m
m
3m 9m 2 m
9m 2 9m2 m
lim
m 2
3m 9m m
m
lim
m 2
3m 9m m
Dividing the numerator and the denominator by m, and applying limit, we get:
1
1
3 9
1
6
Q13.
Answer :
n! n 1 !
lim
n n 1 ! n 2 !
n! n 1 n !
lim
n n 1 ! n 2 n 1 !
n ! 1 n 1
lim
n n 1 ! 1 n 2
n! n 2
lim
n n 1 n! n 3
n2
lim
n n 1 n 3
Degree of the denominator is greater than that of the numerator.
0
Q14.
Answer :
2x
lim
x cos x
2
LHL :
2x
lim
cos x
x
2
Let x h
2
If x , then we have :
2
h 0
2 2 h
lim
h 0
cos h
2
2h
lim
h 0
sin h
2
RHL :
2x
lim
cos x
x
2
Let x h
2
If x , then we have :
2
h0
2 2 h
lim
h 0
cos h
2
2h
lim
h 0
sin h
2
2x
lim 2
x cos x
2
Q15.
Answer :
1 2 3...n
lim
n
n2
n n 1
lim 2
n
2n
n 1
lim
n
2n
1 1
lim 1
2 n n
1
2
Exercise : MCQ
Page Number:29.77
Q1.
Answer :
(c) 1/3
12 22 32.....n 2
lim
n n3
n 2
lim 3
n n
n n 1 2n 1
lim
n 6n 3
lim
n 1 2n 1
n0 6n 2
Dividing the numerator and the denominator by n 2 , we get:
n 1 2n 1
lim n n
n 6
1 1
1 2
n n
lim
n 6
2 1
6 3
Q2.
Answer :
(d) 2
sin 2 x
lim
x 0 x
sin 2 x
lim 2
x0
2x
2 1
2
Q3.
Answer :
(b) 0
1
lim f x lim x sin , x 0
x 0 x 0 x
LHL at x 0 :
lim f x lim f 0 h
x 0 h 0
1
lim h sin
h 0
h
0
RHL at x 0 :
lim f x lim f 0 h
x 0 h0
1
lim h sin
h 0
h
0
lim f x lim f x
x 0 x 0
Q4.
Answer :
(a) 0
1 cos 2 x
lim
x 0 x
2 sin 2 x
lim
x 0 x
sin 2 x
lim 2 x
x 0 x2
0
Q5.
Answer :
(a) 10/3
lim
1 cos 2 x sin 5x
x 0 x 2 sin 3x
2 sin 2 x sin 5 x
lim
x 0 x 2 sin 3x
2 sin 2 x sin 5 x
5
x2 5x
lim
x 0 sin 3 x
3
3x
10 12 1
1 3
10
3
Q6.
Answer :
(b) 1
x
lim
x 0 tan x
1
lim
x 0 tan x
x
1
1
1
Q7.
Answer :
(b) -12
1 2 n
lim ......
n 1 n 2
1 n 2
1 n 2
1
lim
n 1 n 2
1 2 3.....n
1 n n 1
lim
n 1 n 2
2
1 n n 1
lim
n 2 1 n 1 n
1 n
lim
n 2 1 n
1 1
lim
n 2 1
1
n
1
1
2
1
2
Q8.
Answer :
(a)0
sin x
lim
x x
1
Let x
y
x
y 0
1
sin
y
lim
y 0 1
y
1
lim y sin
y 0 y
1
lim y lim sin
y 0 y 0 y
1
0 lim sin
y 0 y
0
Q9.
Answer :
(d)
180
sin x 0
lim
x 0 x
sin x
lim 180
x 0 x
sin x
180
lim
x 0 180
x
180
1
180 180
Q10.
Answer :
(d) does not exist
x3
lim
x 3 x3
LHL at x 3 :
x3
lim x 3 x 3 , when x 3
x 3 x 3
1
RHL at x 3 :
x3
lim x 3 x 3, when x 3
x 3 x 3
1
LHL ≠ RHL
Therefore, limit does not exist.
Q11.
Answer :
(b) nan-1
xn an
lim
x a xa
xn a n
lim f x exists, lim f x lim f x
xa xa xa x a
n
a h an
lim
h 0 aha
h n
1 1
a
lim a n
h 0 h
h n n 1 h 2
a n lim 1 n· 2
... ... 1
h 0
a 2! a
n h h 1 h
a n lim 2
...
h 0
a 2! a
n
an
a
n 1
na
Q12.
Answer :
(b) 1/2
2 cos x 1
lim
cot x 1
x
4
lim
2 cos 2
x 1
sin x
x
4
cos x sin x 2 cos x 1
lim
cos 2
x sin 2 x
sin x
x
4
cos x sin x 2 cos x 1
lim
cos x sin x sin x
x
4 2 cos x 1
cos sin sin
4 4 4
2 cos 1
4
1 1 1
2 2 2
1
2. 1
2
2 1
2 2
2
1
2
The correct answer is B.
Q13.
Answer :
(d) 1/2
x2 1
lim
x 2x 1
1
1
lim x2
x 1
2
x
Dividing the numerator and the denominator by x, we get :
1 0
20
1
2
Q14.
Answer :
(d) 4/3
3 sin / 6 h cos / 6 h
lim 2
h 0
3 h 3 cos h sin h
3 3 3 sin h
cos h sin h cos h
2 2 2 2
lim 2
h 0
h 3 cos h 3 sin h
2 sin h 1
lim 2
h 0
h 3 cos h 3 sin h
4
lim
h 0 3 cos h 3 sin h
4
3
Q15.
Answer :
(d) −1/48
1 1
lim 3
h 0 h 8 h
2h
1 1 1
lim 3
h0 h
8 h 2
1 2 8 h 1/3
lim
h0 h
2 3 8 h
1 81/3 8 h 1/3 3 A3 B3
lim
h0 h 3
A B 3
A B A2
AB B 2
or A B
A2 AB B 2
2 8 h
8 8 h
lim
h0
h 2 3
8
h 4 2 8 h
1/3
8 h
2/3
1
3
2 8 4 2 8 8
1/3 2/3
1
2 2 4 4 4
1
48
Q16.
Answer :
(b) 1/2
1 1 1 1
lim ...
n 1.3
3.5 5.7 2n 1 2n 3
1
Here, Tn
2n 1 2n 1
A B
Tn
2n 1 2n 1
1 1
On equating A and B :
2 2
1 1
Tn
2 2n 1 2 2n 1
1 1
T1 1
2 3
1 1 1
T2
2 3 5
1 1 1
Tn 1
2 2n 1 2n 1
1 1 1
Tn
2 2n 1 2n 1
1 1
T1 T2 T3 ...Tn 1
2 2n 1
1 2n
T1 T2 T3 ...Tn
2 2n 1
n
T1 T2 T3 ...Tn
2n 1
1 1 1 1
lim ...
n 1.3
3.5 5.7 2n 1 2n 3
n 1
lim
n 1 2n 1 2n 1
n
n
lim
n
2n 1
1
lim Dividing N r and D r by n
n 1
2
n
1
2
Q17.
Answer :
(a)
sin x
lim
x 1 x 1
sin 1 h
lim
h 0 1 h 1
sin h
lim
h 0 h
sin h
lim
h 0 h
sin h
lim
h 0
h
Q18.
Answer :
(b) 100
x x 2 x 3 ...x n n
lim 5050
x 1 x 1
x 1 x 1 x 1 x n 1
2 3
lim
... 5050
x 1 x 1 x 1 x 1 x2
xn an
1 2 3...n 5050 na n 1
xa
n n 1
5050
2
n n 1 10100
n n 1 100 101
On comparing :
n 100
Q19.
Answer :
(c) 2
1 x 4 1 x 2
lim
x x2
1 1
lim 4
1 2 1
x x x
2
Q20.
Answer :
(a) 12
1 x 1
lim
x 0 x
lim
1 x 1 1 x 1
x 0
1 x 1 x
1 x 1
lim
x 0 x 1 x 1
1
lim
x 0
x 1 x 1
1
2
Q21.
Answer :
(c) 13
sin x
3
lim
2 cos x 1
x
3
sin h
3 3
lim
h0
2 cos h 1
3
sin h
lim
h0
2 cos cos h sin sin h 1
3 3
sin h
lim
h0 1 3
2 cos h sin h 1
2 2
sin h
lim
h 0 cos h 3 sin h 1
sin h
lim
h0 h
2 sin 2 3 sin h
2
Dividing N and D r by h :
r
sin h
lim h
h0 2 h
sin
h 2 3 sin h
2
4 h h h
4
1
3
Q22.
Answer :
(b)
2n 1 3n 1
4
n n
r r
x 3
lim r 1 r 1
x 3 x 3
x x 2 x3 ...... x n 31 32 33.....3n
1
lim
x 3 x 3
x 3 x 3 x 33 2 2 3
x n 3n
lim ....
x 3 x 3 x 3 x 3 x 3
xn an
1 2 3 3 32 ..... n3n 1 na n 1
xa
S = 1 + 2r + 3r 2 ……..nr n1
1 rn nr n
S 2
1 r 1 r
r 3, a 1 d 1
1 3n 2n 3n
4
n
3 2n 1 1
4
Q23.
Answer :
(b) -12
1 2 3 4 5 6 ... 2n 1 2n
lim
n
n2 1 n2 1
lim 1 3 5 ...2n 1 2 4 6 ...2n
n
n2 1 n2 1
n n
2 1 2 n 1 2 2n
lim 2
n
n 1 n2 1
2
n 2 n n 1
lim
n
2 2
n 1 n 1
n
lim
n
2 2
n 1 n 1
Dividing the numerator and the denominator by n:
1
lim
n
1 1
1 n 2 1 n 2
1
11
1
2
Q24.
Answer :
(b) 0
1
x sin , x 0
f x x
0, x 0
LHL:
1
lim f x lim x sin
x0 x 0
x
Let x = 0 – h, where h → 0.
1
lim h sin
h 0
h
Let x = 0 + h, where h → 0.
1
lim h sin
h 0
h
Q25.
Answer :
(b) 0
n!
lim
n n 1 ! n !
n!
lim
n n 1 n ! n !
n!
lim
n n ! n 1 1
1
lim
n n 2
0
Q26.
Answer :
(a) 5 2
5
4 2 cos x sin x
lim
x
1 sin 2 x
4
5 5
lim
2 cos x sin x
2
2 2
x
2 1 sin 2 x
4
5 5
lim
2 cos x sin x
2
2 2
2
x
4
2 cos x sin x
2
Let t cos x sin x
x
4
2
2
t cos sin
4 4
2 2
5 5
22 t 2
lim
t 2 2 t
5 3 xn a n
2 2 lim na n 1
2 x a x a
5 2
Q27.
Answer :
1
(a)
8 3
1 2 x 3 1 2 x 3 1 2 x 3
lim lim
x 2 x2 x 2 x2 1 2 x 3
2 x 2
lim
x2
x 2 1 2 x 3
2 x 2 2 x 2
lim
x2
x 2 1 2 x 3 2 x 2
lim
x 2
x2
x 2 1 2 x 3 2 x 2
1
lim
x2
1 2 x 3 2 x 2
1
1 22 3 22 2
1
2 34
1
8 3
Q28.
Answer :
(a) b
b
lim a x sin x
x
a
b
sin a x
lim b
bx
x
a
b
Let x y
a
x
y 0
b sin y
lim b
y 0 y
Q29.
Answer :
1
(c)
32
8 x2 x 2 x 2 x2
lim 1 cos cos cos cos
x 0 x8 2 4 2 4
8 x2 x2 x2
lim 8 1 cos cos 1 cos
x 0 x 4 2 4
8 x2 x2
lim 8 1 cos 1 cos
x 0 x 4 2
2 2
8 2 x 2 x
lim 8 2 sin 2 sin
x 0 x 8 4
2 x2 2 x2
sin sin
8 4
lim 4 8 4
4
x 0 x x
64 16
64 16
32
64 16
1
32
Q30.
Answer :
(a) a
tan ax 2 bx c
lim 2
x
x
tan a x x
lim 2 a
x
a x
lim
tan a x 2 a
x 2
a x
tan
1 a lim 1
0
a
Q31.
Answer :
(d) a
a 2 ax x 2 a 2 ax x 2
lim
x 0 ax ax
Multiplying a 2 ax x 2 a 2 ax x 2 and a x a x in N r and D r :
lim
a 2
x 2 ax a 2 ax x 2 a x a x
x 0
a x a x x 2 ax x 2 a 2 ax x 2
lim
2ax a x a x
x 0
2x a 2 ax x 2 a 2 ax x 2
a 2 a a
2a
Q32.
Answer :
(b) 2
Q33.
Answer :
1
(c)
2
1 sin
lim
2 cos
2
1 cos h
lim
h0
2 2 h sin h
h
2 sin 2
lim 2
h 0 h sin h
h
2 sin 2
lim 2
h0 4h 2
4
sin h
h
2
4
1
2
Q34.
Answer :
(d) 0
lim sec x tan x
x
2
lim sec h tan h
h 0
2 2
lim cosec h cot h
h 0
1 cos h
lim
h 0 sin h
h
2 sin 2
lim 2
h 0 sin h
h
2 sin 2
lim 2
h 0 h h
2 sin cos
2 2
h
lim tan
h 0 2
0
Q35.
Answer :
(a)0
n!
lim
n n 1! n!
1
lim 0
n n
Q36.
Answer :
(c) 1
lim
n 2 ! n 1!
n n 2 ! n 1!
3
1
lim n
n 1
1
n
1
Q37.
Answer :
(b) 100
10 10 10
lim
x 1 x 2 .... x 100
x x10 1010
Q38.
Answer :
(d) −1/2
1 2 3 .....n n
lim
n
n2 2
n n 1 n
lim
2 n 2 2
n
n n 1 n 2
lim
n 2
n 2
n 1
lim
n 2 n 2
1
lim
n 2
2 1
n
1
2 1 0
1
2
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