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Exercise: 5.1
Page Number:5.18
Question1.
Solution :
Question 2.
Solution :
1 3 sin 2 x cos 2 x
RHS
Hence proved .
Question 3.
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Study Materials
NCERT Solutions for Class 6 to 12 (Math & Science)
Revision Notes for Class 6 to 12 (Math & Science)
RD Sharma Solutions for Class 6 to 12 Mathematics
RS Aggarwal Solutions for Class 6, 7 & 10 Mathematics
Important Questions for Class 6 to 12 (Math & Science)
CBSE Sample Papers for Class 9, 10 & 12 (Math &
Science)
Important Formula for Class 6 to 12 Math
CBSE Syllabus for Class 6 to 12
Lakhmir Singh Solutions for Class 9 & 10
Previous Year Question Paper
CBSE Class 12 Previous Year Question Paper
CBSE Class 10 Previous Year Question Paper
JEE Main & Advanced Question Paper
NEET Previous Year Question Paper
Question 4.
Solution :
Question 5.
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Solution :
1 sin x cos x
sin x cos x
1 1 sin x 3 cos x 3
cos x
cos x sin x
1 sin x cos x
sin x cos x sin x cos x
sin x cos x sin x cos x sin x 2 cos x 2 sin x cos x
cos x
cos x sin x
sin x 1 sin x cos x sin x cos x sin x cos x
sin x cos x 2 2
sin x cos x sin x cos x sin x cos x
sin x 1 sin x cos x 11
1 sin x cos 2 x sin x cos x
2
1
sin x 1 sin x cos x
1 sin x cos x
sin x
RHS
Hence proved .
Question 6.
Solution :
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tan x cot x
LHS
1 cot x 1 tan x
sin x cos x
cos x sin x
cos x sin x
1 1
sin x cos x
sin x cos x
cos x sin x
sin x cos x cos x sin x
sin x cos x
sin x sin x cos x cos x
cos x sin x cos x sin x cos x sin x
sin x sin x cos x cos x
cos x sin x cos x sin x sin x cos x
sin 2 x cos 2 x
cos x sin x cos x sin x sin x cos x
sin 3 x cos3 x
sin x cos x sin x cos x
sin x cos x sin 2 x cos2 x sin x cos x
sin x cos x sin x cos x
1 1 sin x cos x
sin x cos x
1 sin x cos x
sin x cos x
1 sin x cos x
sin x cos x sin x cos x
1 1
1
sin x cos x
cos ecx sec x 1
sec x cos ecx 1
RHS
Hence proved .
Question 7.
Solution :
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sin 3 x cos3 x sin 3 x cos3 x
LHS
sin x cos x sin x cos x
sin x cos x sin 2 x cos 2 x sin x cos x sin x cos x sin 2 x cos 2 x sin x cos x
sin x cos x sin x cos x
sin 2 x cos 2 x sin x cos x sin 2 x cos 2 x sin x cos x
1 sin x cos x 1 sin x cos x
2
RHS
Hence proved .
Question 8.
Solution :
2 2
LHS sec A sec B tan A tan B sec A tan B tan A sec B
2 2
sec A sec B tan A tan B 2 sec A sec B tan A tan B
2 2
sec A tan B tan A sec B 2 sec A tan B tan A sec B
sec 2 A sec 2 B tan 2 A tan 2 B 2sec A sec B tan A tan B
sec 2 A tan 2 B tan 2 A sec2 B 2sec A sec B tan A tan B
sec 2 A sec 2 B tan 2 A tan 2 B 2sec A sec B tan A tan B
sec 2 A tan 2 B tan 2 A sec 2 B 2sec A sec B tan A tan B
sec 2 A sec 2 B sec 2 A tan 2 B tan 2 A tan 2 B tan 2 A sec 2 B
sec 2 A sec 2 B tan 2 B tan 2 A tan 2 B sec 2 B
sec 2 A sec 2 B tan 2 B tan 2 A sec2 B tan 2 B
sec 2 A 1 tan 2 A 1
sec 2 A tan 2 A
1
RHS
Hence proved .
Question 9.
Solution :
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1 cos sin
RHS
1 cos sin
1 cos sin
1 cos sin
1 cos sin 1 cos sin
1 cos sin 1 cos sin
2
1 cos sin
2 2
1 cos sin
2 2
1 cos sin 2 1 cos sin
12 cos 2 2 1 cos sin 2
1 cos 2 2 cos sin 2 2sin cos 2sin
1 cos 2 2 cos sin 2
1 sin 2 cos 2 2 cos 2sin cos 2sin
1 sin 2 cos2 2 cos
1 1 2 cos 2sin cos 2sin
cos 2 cos 2 2cos
2 2 cos 2sin cos 2sin
2 cos 2 2 cos
1 cos sin cos sin
cos 2 cos
11 cos sin cos 1
cos cos 1
cos 11 sin
cos cos 1
1 sin
cos
1 sin cos
cos cos
1 sin cos
cos2
1 sin cos
1 sin 2
1 sin cos
1 sin 1 sin
cos
1 sin
LHS
Hence proved .
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Question10.
Solution :
1 sin 1 sin
LHS
1 sin 1 sin
1 sin 1 sin
1 sin 1 sin
1 sin 1 sin 1 sin 1 sin
1 sin 1 sin
1 sin 1 sin
1 sin 1 sin 1 sin 1 sin
2 2
1 sin
1 sin
1 sin 2 1 sin 2
2 2
1 sin
1 sin
cos 2 cos 2
1 sin 1 sin
cos cos
1 sin 1 sin
cos
2
cos
2
cos 2 and in the second quadrant , cos is negative
RHS
Hence proved .
Question11.
Solution :
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tan 3 cot 3
LHS
1 tan 2 1 cot 2
tan 3 cot 3
sec 2 cosec 2
sin 3 cos3
3 3
cos sin
1 1
cos sin 2
2
sin cos
2 2
sin cos
2
sin 2
cos 2 2sin 2 cos 2
sin cos
1 2sin cos 2
2 2
sin cos
1 2sin 2 cos 2
sin cos
RHS
Hence proved .
Question12.
Solution :
sin 3 cos3
LHS 1
sin cos sin cos
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= RHS
Hence proved.
Question13.
Solution :
1 1 2 2 1 sin 2 cos 2
2 2
2 2 sin cos
sec cos cosec sin 2 sin 2 cos 2
1 1 2 2
LHS 2 2
2 2 sin cos
sec cos cos ec sin
1 1 2 2
1
1 sin cos
2
cos 2 sin 2
cos sin 2
cos 2 sin 2 2 2
4
4 sin cos
1 cos 1 sin
1 cos 2 sin 2
2 sin 2 .cos 2
= RHS
Hence proved.
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Question14.
Solution :
2 2
1 tan tan tan tan sec2 sec 2
2 2
LHS 1 tan tan tan tan
1 tan 2 tan 2 2 tan tan tan 2 tan 2 2 tan tan
1 tan 2 tan 2 tan 2 tan 2
tan 2 tan 2 1 11 tan 2
1 tan 2 1 tan 2
sec 2 .sec 2
RHS
Hence proved.
Question15.
Solution :
1 cot tan sin cos sin 2 cos 2
sec3 cosec3
LHS
1 cot tan sin cos
sec 3 cos ec3
cos sin
1 sin cos
sin cos
1 1
3
3
cos sin
sin cos cos 2 sin 2 sin cos sin 2 cos 2
sin 3 cos3
Hence proved .
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Question16.
Solution :
cos 2sin 1
sin 2sin 1
cot
RHS
Hence proved .
Question17.
Solution :
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Question18.
Solution :
LHS :
a sin b cos
a sin b cos
Dividing by b cos :
a tan
1
b
a tan
1
b
Substituting the value of tan
a 2 b2
a2 b2
RHS
Hence proved.
Question19.
Solution :
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cosec sin a 3
1
sin a3
sin
1 sin 2
a3
sin
cos 2
a3
sin
1
cos2 3
a .... i
sin
Also, sec cos b3
1
cos b3
cos
1 cos 2
b3
cos
sin 2
b3
cos
1
sin 2 3
b ..... ii
cos
Now, LHS a 2b 2 a 2 b 2
2
ab a 2 b 2
1 1 2 1 2 1 2
2 2 2 2
cos sin cos sin 3
3 3 3
sin cos sin cos
2 2
2
sin cos 3
cos 2
3
sin 2
3
2 2
sin 3 cos 3
2 2
2 cos 3 sin 3
3 3
sin cos 3 2 2
sin 3 cos 3
2 2
2
cos sin
sin cos 3 2
sin cos 3
1 RHS
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Question 20.
Solution :
Given :
4m cot 1 sin and 4n cot 1 sin
Multiplying both the equations :
16mn cot 2 1 sin 2
16mn cot 2 .cos 2
cos 4
mn 1
16sin 2
2 cos 4
m2 n 2 2
16sin 2
From 1 and 2 :
2
m 2
n 2 mn
Hence proved .
Question 21.
Solution :
(i) LHS:
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T3 T5 sin cos sin cos
3 3 5 5
T1 sin cos
sin cos
sin .cos 2
2
RHS:
T5 T7
T3
sin 5
cos5 sin 7 cos7
sin 3 cos3
sin 2 .cos 2
LHS = RHS
Hence proved.
(ii) LHS:
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2T6 3T4 1
2 sin 6 cos 6 3 sin 4 cos 4 1
2 sin 2 cos 2 sin 4 cos 4 sin 2 cos 2 3 sin 4 cos 4 1
2.1. sin 4 cos 4 sin 2 cos 2 3 sin 4 cos 4 1
2sin 4 2 cos 4 2sin 2 cos 2 3sin 4 3cos 4 1
sin 4 cos 4 sin 2 cos 2 1
(sin 2 cos 2 )2 1
1 1
0
Hence proved.
(iii) LHS:
Question 22.
Solution :
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sin cos m Given
4 3 (m2 1) 2
To prove : sin 6 cos6 , where m 2 2
4
Proof :
LHS :
sin 6 cos6
3 3
sin 2 cos 2
3
sin 2 cos2 3sin 2 cos 2 sin 2 cos 2
1 3sin 2 cos 2
RHS :
4 3 (m 2 1)2
4
2 2
4 3 sin cos 1
4
2
4 3 sin 2 cos 2 2sin cos 1
4
2
4 3 sin 2 1 cos 2 2 sin cos
4
2 2
4 3 4 sin cos
4
1 3sin cos 2
2
LHS RHS
Hence proved
Question 23.
Solution :
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tan 2 1 e 2
sec 2 1 1 e2
sec 2 2 e 2
1
cos 2 1
2 e2
LHS :
sec tan 3 .cos ec
1 sin 2
cos cos3
cos2 sin 2
cos3
1
cos3
3
cos
3
1 2
2 From 1
2e
3
2 e2 2
Hence proved.
Question 24.
Solution :
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a 2 b2
sin 2
a b2
We know :
sin 2 cos 2 1
cos 2 1 sin 2
2
a 2 b2
1 2 2
a b
a 4
b 4 2 a 2 b 2 a 4 b 4 2a 2b 2
2
a 2
b2
4a 2b 2
2
a 2
b2
2ab
cos
a b2
2
a 2 b2
sin a 2 b 2 a 2 b 2
tan
cos 2ab 2ab
2 2
a b
1 a2 b2
sec
cos 2ab
1 a2 b2
cosec
sin a 2 b 2
Question 25.
Solution :
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a
tan
b
ab a b
Now,
a b ab
a a
1 1
b b
a a
1 1
b b
tan 1 tan 1
tan 1 tan 1
tan 1 tan 1
tan 2 1
2sin
sin 2 cos 2
Question 26.
Solution :
Now, we have :
ab a b 1
1 sin 1 cos 1 sin 1 cos
1
cos sin cos sin
1 sin cos sin cos sin sin 2 cos cos 2 sin cos
sin cos
1 sin 2 cos 2
sin cos
0
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Hence proved.
Q27.
Solution :
2sin
x
1 sin cos
Rationalising the denominator :
2sin
1 sin cos
1 sin cos 1 sin cos
2sin 1 sin cos
2
1 sin cos 2
2sin 1 sin cos
1 sin 2 2sin cos 2
2sin 1 sin cos
2sin 2 2sin
2sin 1 sin cos
2sin 1 sin
1 sin cos
1 sin
x
1 sin cos
1 sin
Hence proved.
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Exercise: 5.2
Page Number:5.25
Question1.
Solution :
i We have :
12
cot x and x are in the third quadrant.
5
In the third quadrant, tan x and cot xare positive
And , sin x, cos x, sec x and cos ecx are negative.
1 1 5
tan x
cot x 12 12
5
2
2 12 13
cos ecx 1 cot x 1
5 5
1 1 5
sin x
cos ecx 13 13
5
2
2 5 12
cos x 1 sin x 1
13 13
1 1 13
And , sec x
cos 12 12
13
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ii We have :
1
cosx x and x are in the second quadrant.
2
In the second quadrant, sin x, and cos ecx are positive.
And , tan x, cot x , cos x and sec x are negative.
2
2 1 3
sin x 1 cos x 1
2 2
3
sin x 2 3
tan x
cos x 1
2
1 1 1
cot x
tan x 3 3
1 1
sec x 2
cos x 1
2
1 1 2
cos ecx
sin x 3 3
2
iii We have :
3
tan x and x are in the third quadrant.
4
In the third quadrant, tan x, and cot x are positive.
And , sin x, cos x , sec x and cos ecx are negative.
1 1 4
cot x
tan x 3 3
4
2
2 3 5
sec x 1 tan x 1
4 4
1 1 4
cos x
sec x 5 5
4
2
2 4 3
sin x 1 cos x 1
5 5
1 1 5
cos ecx
sin x 3 3
5
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iv
We have :
3
sinx and x are in the first quadrant.
5
In the first quadrant, all six T ratios are positive.
2
2 3 4
cos x 1 sin x 1
5 5
3
sin x 3
tan x 5
cos x 4 4
5
1 1 4
cot x
tan x 3 3
4
1 1 5
sec x
cos x 4 4
5
1 1 5
cos ecx
sin x 3 3
5
Question 2.
Solution :
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We have :
12
sin x and lie in the second quadrant.
13
In the second quadrant , sin and cosec are positive and all the other four T ratios are negative.
cos x 1 sin 2 x
2
12
1
13
5
13
sin x
tan x
cos x
12
13
5
13
12
5
1
And , sec x
cos x
1
5
13
13
5
13 12
secx tan x
5 5
5
Question 3.
Solution :
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We have:
3 1 3
sinx , tany and x y ,
5 2 2 2
Thus, x is in the second quadrant and y is in the third quadrant.
In the second quadrant , cos x and tan x are negative.
In the third quadrant , sec y is negative.
2
2 3 4
cos x 1 sin x 1
5 5
3
3
tanx 5
4 4
5
2
2 1 5
And , sec y 1 tan y 1
2 2
3 5 5 7
8 tan x 5 sec y 8 5 6
4 2 2 2
Question 4.
Solution :
We have :
sin x cos x 0
sin x cos x
sin x
1
cos x
tanx 1
Now, x is in the fourth quadrant.
In the fourth quadrant , cos x and sec x are positive and all the other four T ratios are negative.
2
sec x 1 tan 2 x 1 1 2
1 1
cos x
sec x 2
2
2 1 1
And , sin x 1 cos x 1
2 2
1 1
sin x and cos x
2 2
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Question 5.
Solution :
We have :
3 3
cos x and x
5 2
Thus, x is in the third quadrant.
In the third quadrant , tanx and cotx are positive
And , all the other four T ratios are negative.
2
3 4
sinx 1 cos 2 x 1
5 5
4
sinx 4
tanx 5
cosx 3 3
5
1 1 3
cotx
tanx 4 4
3
1 1 5
sec x
cosx 3 3
5
1 1 5
cos ecx
sinx 4 4
5
5 3
cos ec cot 4 4
Now,
sec tan 5 4
3 3
2
4
9
3
1
1
2
3 6
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Exercise: 5.3
Page Number:5.39
Question1
Solution :
i We have :
5 5
180 300 90 3 30
3 3
300 lies in the fourth quadrant in which the sine function is negative.
Also, 3 is an odd integer.
5 3
sin sin 300 sin 90 3 30 cos 30
3 2
ii We have :
3060 90 34 0
Clearly 3060 is in the negative direction of the x axis, i.e. on the
boundary line of the II and III quadrants.
Also, 34 is an even integer.
sin 3060 sin 90 34 0 sin 0 0
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iii We have :
11 11
180 330 90 3 60
6 6
330 lies in the fourth quadrant in which the tangent function is negative.
Also, 3 is an odd integer.
11 1
tan tan 330 tan 90 3 60 cot 60
6 3
iv We have :
cos 1125 cos 1125 cos 90 12 45
1125 lies in the first quadrant in which the cosine function is positive.
Also, 12 is an even integer.
1
cos 1125 cos 1125 cos 90 12 45 cos 45
2
v We have :
315 90 3 45
315 lies in the fourth quadrant in which the tangent function is negative.
Also, 3 is an odd integer.
tan 315 tan 90 3 45 cot 45 1
vi We have :
510 90 5 60
510 lies in the second quadrant in which the sine function is positive.
Also, 5 is an odd integer.
1
sin 510 sin 90 5 60 cos 60
2
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vii We have :
570 90 6 30
570 lies in the third quadrant in which the cosine function is negative.
Also, 6 is an odd integer.
3
cos 570 cos 90 6 30 cos 30
2
viii We have :
sin 330 sin 330
sin 90 3 60
330 lies in the fourth quadrant in which the sine function is negative.
Also, 3 is an odd integer.
1 1
sin 330 sin 330 sin 90 3 60 cos 60
2 2
ix We have :
cosec 1200 cosec 1200 cosec 90 13 30
1200 lies in the second quadrant in which the cosec function is positive.
Also, 13 is an odd integer.
2
cosec 1200 cosec 1200 cosec 90 13 30 sec 30
3
x We have :
tan 585 tan 585 tan 90 6 45
585 lies in the third quadrant in which tangent function is positive.
Also, 6 is an even integer.
tan 585 tan 585 tan 90 6 45 tan 45 1
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xi We have :
855 90 9 45
855 lies in the second quadrant in which the cosine function is negative.
Also, 9 is an odd integer.
1
cos 855 cos 90 9 45 sin 45
2
xii We have :
1845 90 20 45
1845 lies in the first quadrant in which the sine function is positive.
Also, 20 is an even integer.
1
sin 1845 sin 90 20 45 sin 45
2
xiii We have :
1755 90 19 45
1755 lies in the fourth quadrant in which the cosine function is positive.
Also, 19 is an odd integer.
1
cos 1755 cos 90 19 45 sin 45
2
xiv We have :
4530 90 50 30
4530 lies in the third quadrant in which the sine function is negative.
Also, 50 is an even integer.
1
sin 4530 sin 90 50 30 sin 30
2
Question 2.
Solution :
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i LHS tan 225 cot 405 tan 765 cot 675
tan 90 2 45 cot 90 4 45 tan 90 8 45 cot 90 7 45
tan 45 cot 45 tan 45 tan 45
1 1 1 1
11
0
RHS
Hence proved .
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iii LHS cos 24 cos 55 cos 125 cos 204 cos 300
cos 24 cos 90 35 cos 90 1 35 cos 90 2 24 cos 90 3 30
cos 24 sin 35 sin 35 cos 24 sin 30
1
0 0
2
1
2
RHS
Hence proved .
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v LHS cos 570 sin 510 sin 330 cos 390
cos 570 sin 510 sin 330 cos 390
sin x sin x and cos x cos x
cos 570 sin 510 sin 330 cos 390
cos 90 6 30 sin 90 5 60 sin 90 3 60 cos 90 4 30
cos 30 cos 60 cos 60 cos 30
cos 30 cos 60 cos 30 sin 60
0
RHS
Hence proved .
11 4 3 17
vi LHS tan 2sin cos ec 2 4 cos 2
3 6 4 4 6
2 2
11 4 3 17
tan 2sin cos ec 4 cos
3 6 4 4 6
2 2
11 4 3 180 17 180
tan 180 2sin 180 cos ec 4 cos
3 6 4 4 6
3 2 2
tan 660 2sin 120 cos ec 45 4 cos 510
4
3 2 2
tan 660 2sin 120 cosec 45 4 cos 510
4
3 2 2
tan 90 7 30 2sin 90 1 30 cosec 45 4 cos 90 5 60
4
3 2 2
cot 30 2 cos 30 cosec 45 4 sin 60
4
3 2 2
cot 30 2 cos 30 cosec 45 4 sin 60
4
2
2 3 3 2 3
3 2 4
2 4 2
3
3 3 3
2
34 3
2
RHS
Hence proved .
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5
vii LHS 3sin sec cot
4sin
6 3 6 4
180 180 5 180 180
3sin sec 4sin cot
6 3 6 4
3sin 30 sec 60 4sin 150 cot 45
3sin 30 sec 60 4sin 90 1 60 cot 45
3sin 30 sec 60 4 cos 60 cot 45
1 1
3 2 4 1
2 2
32
1
RHS
Hence proved .
Question 3.
Solution :
cos 2 cos ec 2 tan
2
i LHS
sec cos cot
2
cos cosec cot
cos ec cos cot
cos cosec cot
cosec cos cot
1
RHS
Hence proved.
cosec 90 cot 450 tan 180 sec 180
ii LHS
cosec 90 tan 180 tan 360 sec
cosec 90 cot 450 tan 180 sec 180
cosec 90 tan 180 tan 360 sec
cosec 90 cot 90 5 tan 90 2 sec 90 2
cosec 90 tan 90 2 tan 90 4 sec
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sec tan tan sec
sec tan tan sec
1 1
2
RHS
Hence proved .
iv LHS 1 cot sec 1 cot sec
2 2
1 cot cosec 1 cot cosec
1 cot cosec 1 cot cosec
1 cot cosec 1 cot cosec
1 cot cosec 1 cot cosec
2 2
1 cot cosec
1 cot 2 2 cot cosec 2
2 cot 1 cot 2 cosec 2
RHS
Hence proved .
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tan 90 sec 180 sin
v LHS
sin 180 cot 360 cosec 90
tan 90 1 sec 90 2 sin
sin 90 2 cot 90 4 cosec 90 1
cot sec sin
sin cot sec
cot sec sin
sin cot sec
cos 1
sin
sin cos
cos 1
sin
sin cos
1
1
1
RHS
Hence proved .
Question 4.
Solution :
7 4
LHS sin 2 sin 2 sin 2 sin 2
18 9 18 9
2 7 8
sin 2 sin 2 sin 2 sin 2
18 18 18 18
2 7 2 8
sin 2 sin 2 sin 2 sin
18 18 18 18
2 2 2
sin 2 sin 2 sin 2 sin
18 18 2 18 2 18
2 2
sin 2 sin 2 cos 2 cos 2
18 18 18 18
2 2
sin 2 cos 2 sin 2 cos 2
18 18 18 18
11
2
RHS
Hence proved .
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Question 5.
Solution :
3 5 5 3
LHS sec sec tan tan
2 2 2 2
3 5 5 3
sec sec tan tan
2 2 2 2
3 5 5 3
sec sec tan tan
2 2 2 2
3 5 5 3
sec sec tan tan
2 2 2 2
sec 3 sec 5 tan 5 tan 3
2 2 2 2
cosec cosec cot cot
cosec 2 cot 2
cosec 2 cot 2
1
RHS
Henceproved .
Question 6.
Solution :
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i In ABC :
A B C
A B C
Now, LHS cos A B cos C
cos C cos C
cos C cos C cos C cos C
0
RHS
Hence proved .
ii In ABC :
A B C
A B C
A B C
2 2
A B C
2 2 2
A B
Now, LHS cos
2
C
cos
2 2
C
sin cos 2 sin
2
RHS
Hence proved .
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iii In ABC :
A B C
A B C
A B C
2 2
A B C
2 2 2
A B
Now, LHS tan
2
C
tan
2 2
C
cot tan 2 cot
2
RHS
Hence proved .
Question 7.
Solution :
Question 8.
Solution :
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i We have :
cosec 90 x cos cot 90 sin 90
sec x cos tan cos
sec x cos tan cos
sin
sec x cos cos
cos
sec x sin cos
sec cos x sin
1
cos x sin
cos
1 cos 2
x sin
cos
sin 2
x sin
cos
sin 2
x
cos sin
sin
x
cos
tan x
x tan
ii We have :
x cot 90 tan 90 sin cosec 90 0
x tan cot sin sec 0
x tan cot sin sec 0
sin cos 1
x sin 0
cos sin cos
sin 1
x cos 0
cos cos
x sin cos 2 1
0
cos
x sin cos 2 1 0
x sin sin 2 0
x sin sin 2
sin 2
x
sin
x sin
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Question 9.
Solution :
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iii LHS sin 780 sin 120 cos 240 sin 390
sin 90 8 60 sin 90 1 30 cos 90 2 60 sin 90 4 30
sin 60 cos 30 cos 60 sin 30
sin 60 cos 30 cos 60 sin 30
3 3 1 1
2 2 2 2
3 1
4 4
1
2
RHS
Hence proved .
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Exercise: VSA
Page Number:5.40
Q1.
Solution :
We know :
1 cos x 1
Also, cos cos
When the angle increases from 0 to , the value of cos decreases.
2
Maximum value of cos cos x cos 0 1'
And , minimum value of cos cos x cos 1
Q2.
Solution :
We know :
1 sin x 1
Also, sin sin
When the angle increases from 0 to , the value of sin also increases.
2
Maximum value of sin sin x sin 1
And , minimum value of sin sin x sin 1 sin1
Q3.
Solution :
We know :
1 cos x 1
Also, sin sin
When the angle increases from 0 to , the value of sin also increases.
2
Maximum value of sin cos x sin 1
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Q4.
Solution :
We have :
sin x cos 2 x 1
cos 2 x 1 cos 2 x
sin x 1 sin x Using 1
sin x sin 2 x
sin x 1 cos 2 x
sin x 1 sin x Using 1
1
Q5.
Solution :
We have :
sin x cosecx 2
1
sin x 2
sin x
sin 2 x 1
2
sin x
sin 2 x 1 2 sin x
sin 2 x 1 2sin x 0
2
sin x 1 0
sin x 1 0
sin x 1
1
And , cosec x 1
sin x
sin n x cosec n x 1n 1n
11 2
Q6.
Solution :
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We have :
sin x sin 2 x 1 1
sin x 1 sin 2 x
sin x cos 2 x 2
Now, taking cube of 1 :
sin x sin 2 x 1
3 3
sin x sin 2 x 1
3 3 2 2
sin x sin 2 x 3 sin x sin x 3 sin x sin x
2 2
1
3 6 4 5
sin x sin x 3 sin x 3 sin x 1
6 5 4 3
sin x 3 sin x 3 sin x sin x 1
6 5 4 3
cos x
2
3 cos 2 x 3 cos 2 x cos 2 x 1
cos12 x 3cos10 x 3cos8 x cos6 x 1
Q7.
Solution :
We have :
sin x sin 2 x 1 1
2
sin x 1 sin x
sin x cos 2 x 2
Now, taking square of 1 :
2 2
sin x sin 2 x 1
2 2
sin x sin 2 x 2 sin x sin 2 x 1
2 4 3
sin x sin x 2 sin x 1
2 3 4
sin x 2 sin x sin x 1
2 3 4
cos x
2
2 cos 2 x cos 2 x 1
cos 4 x 2cos6 x cos8 x 1
cos8 x 2cos6 x cos 4 x 1
Q8.
Solution :
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Sine function can take the maximum value of 1.
If, sin 1 sin 2 sin 3 3 , then we have:
sin 1 = 1
π
⇒ 1 =
2
π
Similarly, 2 3
2
Q9.
Solution :
sin10 sin 20 ... sin170 sin180 sin 360 170 sin 360 160 ..
.. sin 360 20 sin 360 10 sin 360
sin10 sin 20 ... sin180 sin170 sin160 ... sin 20 sin10 sin 360
sin 360 x sin x
sin180 sin 360
00
0
Q10.
Solution :
Now, 94.2 cm will be the length of arcl for the circle with radius 120 cm.
We know:
l r
Here, is measured in radians.
94.2 120
0.785 radians
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π 22
45° = 0.785 radians
4 74
Therefore, the angle subtended by it at the centre of the loop is 45°.
Q11.
Solution :
Q12.
Solution :
Q13.
Solution :
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cot 0
1
2
2
2
3
2
Now, sin 2 sin
sin
2 2
sin
sin
Now, sin 2 sin 2
sin 2
2
sin
2
cos
Q14.
Solution :
tan A cot A 4
Squaring both the sides :
tan 2 A cot 2 A 2 16
tan 2 A cot 2 A 14
Squaring both the sides again :
tan 4 A cot 4 A 2 196
tan 4 A cot 4 A 194
Q15.
Solution :
We know:
cos can take the minimum value of -1.
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cos2 + sec2
cos 4 1
cos 2
4
1 1
2
1
2
Q16.
Solution :
If θ = 0°, 90°, 180°, 270°, 360°, then sin14 cos 20 will always be1.
Q17.
Solution :
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Exercise: 5.MCQ
Page Number:5.41
Question 1.
Solution :
1
(a) 2 x,
2x
We have,
1
tan x
4x
sec 2 1 tan 2
2
2 1
sec 1 x
4x
1 1
sec 2 x 2 2
16 x 2
2
1
sec 2 x
4x
1
sec x
4x
1 1 1 1
sec tan x x or x x
4x 4x 4x 4x
1
or 2 x
2x
Question 2.
Solution :
1
(b) 2 x,
2x
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We have,
1
sec x
4x
1 1
sec 2 x 2 2
16 x 2
1 1
1 tan 2 1 x 2 2
16 x 2
1 1
tan 2 x 2 2
16 x 2
2
2 1
tan x
4x
1
tan x
4x
1 1 1 1
sec tan x x or x x
4x 4x 4x 4 x
1
or 2 x
2x
Question3.
Solution :
1 sin
1 sin
1 sin 1 sin
1 sin 1 sin
2
1 sin
1 sin 2
2
1 sin
cos 2
1 sin 3
cos as, 2 2 , so cos will be negative
sec tan
sec tan
. Question4.
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Solution :
1 cos
1 cos
1 cos 1 cos
1 cos 1 cos
2
1 cos
1 cos 2
2
1 cos
sin 2
1 cos
as, 2 , so sin will be negative
sin
cosec cot
cosec cot
Question5
Solution :
θ
(b) tan
2
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We have :
y 1 1 sin
1 y 1 sin
cos 2 sin 2 2sin cos
y 1 2 2 2 2
1 y
cos 2 sin 2 2sin cos
2 2 2 2
2
cos sin
y 1 2 2
2
1 y
cos sin
2 2
cos sin
y 1 2 2
1 y 0 2 0 2 4 , 0 to 4 cos is greater than sin
cos sin
2 2
cos sin
2 2
cos cos
y 1 2 2
1 y cos
sin
2 2
cos cos
2 2
1 tan
1 y 2
1 y 1 tan
2
Comparing both the sides :
y tan
2
Question6.
Solution :
(b) −2 sec
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1 sin 1 sin
1 sin 1 sin
1 sin 1 sin 1 sin 1 sin
1 sin 1 sin 1 sin 1 sin
2 2
1 sin
1 sin
1 sin 2 1 sin 2
2 2
1 sin
1 sin
cos 2 cos 2
1 sin
1 sin
, so cos will be negative.
cos cos
2
sec tan sec tan
2sec
Question7.
Solution :
(a) θ, ϕ
We have:
x = r sin cos ϕ , y = r sin sin ϕ and z = r cos ,
∴ x2 + y2 + z2
2 2 2
r sin cos r sin sin r cos
r 2 sin 2 cos 2 r 2 sin 2 sin 2 r 2 cos 2
r 2 sin 2 cos 2 sin 2 r 2 cos 2
r 2 sin 2 1 r 2 cos 2
r 2 sin 2 r 2 cos 2
r 2 sin 2 cos 2
r 2 1
r2
Thus, x 2 y 2 z 2 is independent of and .
Question8.
Solution :
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π
(c)
6
We have :
tan sec 3 0
sec tan 3
1 sin
3
cos cos
1 sin 3 cos
2
1 sin
2
3 cos
1 sin 2 2sin 3cos 2
1 sin 2 2sin 3 1 sin 2
4 sin 2 2sin 2
2 sin 2 sin 1 0
1
sin 1,
2
Since 0 , sin cannot be negative.
1
sin
2
6
Question9.
Solution :
5
(a)
6
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In the fourth quadrant , cos and sec are positive.
1
cos
sec
1
sec 2
1
1 tan 2
1
2
1
1
5
1
6
5
5
6
Question10.
Solution :
(d) −1 −cot α
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We have :
1
2 cot
sin 2
2 cos 1
2
sin sin
2sin cos 1
sin 2
2sin cos sin 2 cos 2
sin 2
2
sin cos
sin 2
2
1 cot
1 cot
3
1 cot When 4 , cot 1 cot 1 0
1 cot
Question11.
Solution :
(b) 1
We have :
sin 6 A cos6 A 3 sin 2 A cos 2 A
3 3
sin 2 A cos 2 A 3 sin 2 A cos 2 A 1
3 3
sin 2 A cos 2 A 3 sin 2 A cos 2 A sin 2 A cos 2 A
3
sin 2 A cos 2 A
13 1
Question12.
Solution :
3
(b)
5
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We have :
1
cosec cot 1
2
1
2
cosec cot
cosec 2 cot 2
2
cosec cot
cosec cot cosec cot 2
cosec cot
cosec cot 2 2
Adding 1 and 2 :
1
2 cos ec 2
2
5
2cosec
2
5
cosec
4
1 5
sin 4
4
sin
5
Now, 0
2
cos 1 sin 2
2
4
1
5
3
5
Question13.
Solution :
44
(c)
117
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We have :
11
cosec cot 1
2
1 2
cosec cot 11
2 2
cosec cot 2
cosec cot 11
cosec cot cosec cot 2
cosec cot 11
2
cos ecA cot 2
11
Subtracting 2 from 1 :
11 2
2cot
2 11
121 4
2cot
22
117
2cot
22
117
cot
44
1 117
tan 44
44
tan
117
Question14.
Solution :
(b) x = y, x ≠ 0
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We have :
4 xy
sec2
( x y)2
4 xy
1 sec 2 1
( x y )2
4 xy ( x y ) 2
4 xy x 2 y 2 2 xy
2 xy x 2 y 2
2
x y 0
x y 0
x y
For x 0, sec 2 will not be defined ,
x0
x y
Question15.
Solution :
3
(a)
4
We have :
1
tan
7
1
tan 2
7
cosec 2 sec 2
Now, dividing the numerator and the denominator of 2 2
by cosec 2 :
cosec sec
1 tan 2
1 tan 2
1
1
7
1
1
7
6 3
8 4
Question16.
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Solution :
(c) 9.5
We have :
sin 2 5 sin 2 10 sin 2 15 ... sin 2 85 sin 2 90
sin 2 5 sin 2 10 sin 2 15 ... sin 2 90 10 sin 2 90 5 sin 2 90
sin 2 5 sin 2 10 sin 2 15 ... cos 2 10 cos 2 5 sin 2 90
sin 2 5 cos 2 5 sin 2 10 cos 2 10 sin 2 15 cos 2 15
sin 2 20 cos 2 20 sin 2 25 cos 2 25 sin 2 30 cos 2 30
sin 2 35 cos 2 35 sin 2 40 cos 2 40 sin 2 45 sin 2 90
2
1 2
11111111 1 sin 2 cos 2 1
2
1
8 1
2
9.5
Question17.
Solution :
(c) 2
We have :
7 4
sin 2 sin 2 sin 2 sin 2
18 9 18 9
2 7 8
sin 2 sin 2 sin 2 sin 2
18 18 18 18
2 7 2 8
sin 2 sin 2 sin 2 sin
18 18 18 18
2 2 2
sin 2 sin 2 sin 2 sin
18 18 2 18 2 18
2 2
sin 2 sin 2 cos 2 cos 2
18 18 18 18
2 2
sin 2 cos 2 sin 2 cos 2
18 18 18 18
11
2
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Question18.
Solution :
(d) 194
We have :
tan A cot A 4
Squaring both the sides :
2
A cot A 42
tan
tan 2 A cot 2 A 2 tan A cot A 16
tan 2 A cot 2 A 2 16
tan 2 A cot 2 A 14
Squaring both the sides again :
2
tan 2
A cot 2 A 142
tan 4 A cot 4 A 2 tan 2 A cot 2 A 196
tan 4 A cot 4 A 2 196
tan 4 A cot 4 A 194
Question19.
Solution :
(c) 8
We have :
2tan 2 60 cos ec 30
x sin 45 cos 60
sec 45 cot 2 30
2
1 1
x
2
3 2
2
2 2 2 3
x 6
4 2 3 2
6
x 4 2
3 2
x8
Question20.
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Solution :
3
(d)
5
We have :
1
cosec cot 1
2
1
2
cosec cot
cosec 2 cot 2
2
cosec cot
cosec cot cosec cot 2
cosec cot
cosec cot 2 2
Adding 1 and 2 :
1
2cosec 2
2
5
2cosec
2
5
cosec
4
1 5
sin 4
4
sin
5
Question21.
Solution :
44
(c)
117
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We have :
11
cosec A cot A 1
2
1 2
cosec A cot A 11
cosec 2 A cot 2 A 2
cosec A cot A 11
cosec A cot A cosec A cot A 2
cosec A cot A 11
2
cosec A cot A 2
11
Subtracting 2 from 1 :
11 2
2cot A
2 11
121 4
2cot A
22
117
2cot A
22
117
cot A
44
1 117
tan A 44
44
tan A
117
Question22.
Solution :
2
(b)
e e x
x
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We have :
tan sec e x
sec tan e x 1
1 1
x
sec tan e
2 2
sec tan 1
x
sec tan e
sec tan sec tan 1
sec tan ex
1
sec tan 2
ex
Adding 1 and 2 :
1
2sec e x
ex
x 2
2sec
e 1
ex
e2 x 1
sec
2e x
1 e2 x 1
sec
2 ex
1
sec e x e x
2
1 e x e x
cos 2
2
cos x
e e x
Question23.
Solution :
2k
(b)
k 2 1
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We have :
sec tan k 1
1 1
sec tan k
2 2
sec tan 1
sec tan k
sec tan sec tan 1
sec tan k
1
sec tan 2
k
Adding 1 and 2 :
1
2sec k
k
k2 1
2sec
k
2
k 1
sec
2k
1 k2 1
cos 2k
2k
cos 2
k 1
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