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 Chapter 8 - Transformation Formula

Exercise: 8.1

Page Number:8.6

Question 1.

Solution:

(i)

2  sin 3   cos  
 sin  3     sin  3     2sin A cos B  sin  A  B   sin  A  B  
 sin 4  sin 2
(ii)

2  cos 3   sin 2 
 sin  3  2   sin  3  2   2 cos A sin B  sin  A  B   sin  A  B  
 sin 5  sin 
(iii)

2  sin 4   sin 3 
 cos  4  3   cos  4  3   2 sin A sin B  cos  A  B   cos  A  B  
 cos   cos 7
(iv)

2  cos 7   cos 3 
 cos  7  3   cos  7  3   2 cos A cos B  cos  A  B   cos  A  B  
 cos 10  cos 4

Question 2.

Solution:

(i)

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 Study Materials
NCERT Solutions for Class 6 to 12 (Math & Science)
Revision Notes for Class 6 to 12 (Math & Science)
RD Sharma Solutions for Class 6 to 12 Mathematics
RS Aggarwal Solutions for Class 6, 7 & 10 Mathematics
Important Questions for Class 6 to 12 (Math & Science)
CBSE Sample Papers for Class 9, 10 & 12 (Math &
Science)
Important Formula for Class 6 to 12 Math
CBSE Syllabus for Class 6 to 12
Lakhmir Singh Solutions for Class 9 & 10
Previous Year Question Paper
CBSE Class 12 Previous Year Question Paper
CBSE Class 10 Previous Year Question Paper
JEE Main & Advanced Question Paper
NEET Previous Year Question Paper

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  5    
LHS  2  sin   sin 
 12   12 
 5    5  
 cos     cos     2 sin A sin B  cos  A  B   cos  A  B  
 12 12   12 12 
 
 cos  cos
3 2
1
 0
2
1

2
1
RHS 
2
Hence, LHS  RHS

(ii)

 5    
LHS  2  cos   cos 
 12   12 
 5    5  
 cos     cos     2 cos A cos B  cos  A  B   cos  A  B  
 12 12   12 12 
 
 cos  cos
2 3
1
0
2
1

2
1
RHS 
2

Hence, LHS  RHS

(iii)

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  5    
LHS  2  sin   cos 
 12   12 
 5    5  
 sin     sin     2 sin A cos B  sin  A  B   sin  A  B  
 12 12   12 12 
 
 sin  sin
2 3
3
 1
2
2 3

2
2 3
RHS 
2
Hence, LHS  RHS

Question 3.

Solution:

(i)

LHS  2 sin 50 cos 85

sin  50  85   sin  50  85   1 

2  sin A cos B  2 sin  A  B   sin  A  B 
sin 135  sin  35 

2
sin 135  sin 35

2
cos 45  sin 35
   sin  90  45   cos 45
2
1 1 
   sin 35 
2 2 
1 1  2 sin 35 
  
2 2 
1  2 sin 35

2 2
1  2 sin 35
RHS 
2 2
Hence, LHS  RHS

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(ii)

LHS  2sin 25 cos 115

sin  25  115   sin  25  115   1 

2  sin A cos B  2 sin  A  B   sin  A  B 
sin 140  sin  90 

2
sin 140  sin  90 

2
sin 140  1

2
sin 140  1
RHS 
2
Hence, LHS  RHS

Question 4.

Solution:

   
LHS  4 cos  cos     cos    
3  3 
    
 2cos   2 cos     cos     
 3  3 
      
 2cos  cos        cos      2  
 3 3  3 3 
 2 cos A cos B  cos  A  B   cos  A  B  
 2 
 2cos  cos  cos 2 
 3 
 1 
 2cos     cos 2 
 2 
  cos   2 cos  cos 2
  cos   cos   2   cos   2 
  cos   cos 3  cos   
  cos   cos 3  cos 
 cos 3
RHS  cos 3
Hence, LHS  RHS

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Question 5.

Solution:

(i)

LHS  cos 10 cos 30 cos 50 cos 70

1
  2 cos 10 cos 50 cos 30 cos 70
2
1
 cos 10  50   cos 10  50   cos 30 cos 70
2
 2 cos A cos B  cos  A  B   cos  A  B 
1
 cos 60  cos  40   cos 30 cos 70
2 
1 1  3 
   cos 40     cos 70
2 2   2 
3 1 
 cos 70   cos 40
4 2 
3 3
 cos 70   cos 70 cos 40
8 4
3 3
 cos 70   2 cos 70 cos 40
8 8
3 3
 cos 70  cos  70  40   cos  70  40  
8 8 
3 3
 cos 70   cos 110  cos 30
8 8
3 3 3
 cos 70  cos 180  70   
8 8  2 
3 3 3
 cos 70  cos 70   cos 180  70    cos 70
2 8 16
3
  RHS
16

(ii)

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LHS  cos 40 cos 80 cos 160
1
  2 cos 40 cos 80 cos 160
2
1
  cos  40  80   cos  40  80   cos 160
2
1 \
  cos 120  cos  40  cos 160
2
1  1 
 cos 160     cos 40
2  2 
1 1
  cos 160  cos 160 cos 40
4 2

1 1
  cos 160   2 cos 160 cos 40
4 4
1 1
  cos 160  cos 160  40   cos 160  40  
4 4
1 1
  cos 160   cos 200  cos 120
4 4
1 1 1
  cos 160  cos  360  160   
4 4 2
1 1 1
  cos 160  cos 160   cos  360  160   cos 160
4 4 8
1
   RHS
8

(iii)

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LHS  sin 20 sin 40 sin 80
1
  2sin 20 sin 40 sin 80
2
1
 cos  20  40   cos  20  40   sin 80
2
1 1
 cos 20   sin 80
2 2
1  1
 sin 80 cos 20  
2  2
1 1
 sin 80 cos 20  sin 80
2 4
1 1
 sin  90  10  cos 20  sin 80
2 4
1 1
 cos 10 cos 20  sin 80
2 4

1 1
  2 cos 10 cos 20  sin 80
4 4
1 1
 cos 10  20   cos 10  20    sin 80
4 4
1 1
 cos 30  cos  10    sin 80
4 4
1 1
 cos 30  cos  90  80    sin 80
4 4
3 1 1
  sin 80  sin 80  cos  90  80   sin 80
8 4 4
3
  RHS
8

(iv)

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LHS  cos 20 cos 40 cos 80
1
  2 cos 20 cos 40 cos 80
2
1
 cos  20  40   cos  20  40   cos 80
2
1
 cos 60  cos  20   cos 80
2
1 1 
 cos 80   cos 20
2 2 
1 1
 cos 80  cos 80 cos 20
4 2

1 1
 cos 80   2 cos 80 cos 20
4 4
1 1
 cos 80  cos  80  20   cos  80  20  
4 4
1 1
 cos 80   cos 100  cos 60
4 4
1 1 1
 cos 80   cos 180  80   
4 4 2
1 1 1

4
cos 80 
4
cos 80 
8
 cos 180  80   cos 80
1
  RHS
8

(v)

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LHS  tan 20 tan 40 tan 60 tan 80
sin 20 sin 40 sin 80
 tan 60
cos 20 cos 40 cos 80

1
 2sin 20 sin 40 sin 80
 3 2
1
 2cos 20 cos 40 cos 80
2
1
 cos  20  40   cos  20  40   sin 80
 3 2
1
cos  20  40   cos  20  40   cos 80
2

1
 cos  20   cos 60 sin 80
 3 2
1
cos 60  cos  20   cos 80
2
1  1
sin 80 cos 20  
2  2
 3
1 1 
cos 80   cos 20
2 2 

1 1
sin 80 cos 20  sin 80
 3 2 4
1 1
cos 80  cos 80 cos 20
4 2
1 1
sin  90  10  cos 20  sin 80
 3 2 4
1 1
cos 80  cos 80 cos 20
4 2

1 1
cos 10 cos 20  sin 80
 3 2 4
1 1
cos 80  cos 80 cos 20
4 2

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 1 1
 2 cos 10 cos 20  sin 80
 3 4 4
1 1
cos 80   2 cos 80 cos 20
4 4
1 1
cos 10  20   cos 10  20    sin 80

 3 4 4
1 1
cos 80  cos  80  20   cos  80  20  
4 4
1 1
cos 30  cos  10    sin 80
 3 4 4
1 1
cos 80   cos 100  cos 60
4 4
1 1
cos 30  cos  90  80    sin 80
 3 4 4
1 1 1
cos 80  cos 180  80   
4 4 2
3 1 1
 sin 80  sin 80 cos  90  80   sin 80, 
 3 8 4 4
 
1 1
cos 80  cos 80 
1  and cos 180  80    cos  80  
4 4 8
3
 3 8
1
8
 3  RHS
(vi)

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LHS tan 20 tan 30 tan 60 tan 80
sin 20 sin 40 sin 80
 tan 30
cos 20 cos 40 cos 80
1
1  2sin 20 sin 40 sin 80
  2
3 1  2 cos 20 cos 40 cos 80
2
1
cos  20  40   cos  20  40   sin 80
1 2 
 
3 1  cos  20  40   cos  20  40   cos 80
2 
1 1
 cos 20   sin 80
1 2 2
 
3 1
 cos 60  cos  20   cos 80
2

1  1
sin 80 cos 20  
1 2  2
 
3 1 cos 80  1  cos 20
2  2 
1 1
sin 80 cos 20  sin 80
1
  2 4
3 1 cos 80  1 cos 80 cos 20
4 2

1 1
sin  90  10  cos 20  sin 80
1 2 4
 
3 1 1
cos 80  cos 80 cos 20
4 2
1 1
cos 10 cos 20  sin 80
1 2 4
 
3 1 1
cos 80  cos 80 cos 20
4 2

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 1 1
 2 cos 10 cos 20  sin 80
 3 4 4
1 1
cos 80   2cos 80 cos 20
4 4
1 1
cos 10  20   cos 10  20    sin 80

 3 4 4
1 1
cos 80  cos  80  20   cos  80  20  
4 4
1 1
cos 30  cos  10    sin 80
 3 4 4
1 1
cos 80   cos 100  cos 60
4 4
1 1
cos 30  cos  90  80    sin 80

 3 4 4
1 1 1
cos 80  cos 180  80   
4 4 2
3 1 1
 sin 80  sin 80
 3 8 4 4
 cos  90  80  sin 80, cos 180  80    cos 80
1 1 1
cos 80  cos  80  
4 4 8
3
 3 8
1
8
 3  RHS

(vii)

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LHS  sin 10 sin 50 sin 60 sin 70
1
 sin 60  2sin 10 sin 50 sin 70
2
1 3
  cos 10  50   cos 10  50   sin 70
2 2 
3 1
  cos  40    sin 70
4  2
3  1
 sin 70 cos 40  
4  2
3 3
 sin 70 cos 40  sin 70
4 8
3 3
 sin  90  20  cos 40  sin 70
4 8
3 3
 cos 20 cos 40  sin 70
4 8

3 3
  2 cos 20 cos 40  sin 70
8 8
3 3
  cos  20  40   cos  20  40    sin 70
8 8
3 3
  cos 60  cos  20    sin 70
8 8
3 3
  cos 60  cos  90  70    sin 70
8 8
3 3 3
  sin 70  sin 70  cos  90  70   sin 70
16 8 8
3
  RHS
16

(viii)

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LHS  sin 20 sin 40 sin 60 sin 80
1
 sin 60  2sin 20 sin 40 sin 80
2
1 3
  cos  20  40   cos  20  40   sin 80
2 2 
3 1
  cos 20   sin 80
4  2
3  1
 sin 80 cos 20  
4  2
3 3
 sin 80 cos 20  sin 80
4 8
3 3
 sin  90  10  cos 20  sin 80
4 8
3 3
 cos 10 cos 20  sin  80 
4 8

3 3
  2 cos 10 cos 20  sin 80
8 8
3 3
 cos 10  20   cos 10  20    sin 80
8 8
3 3
 cos 30  cos  10    sin 80
8 8
3 3
 cos 30  cos  90  80   
 sin 80
8 8
3 3 3
  sin 80  sin 80  cos  90  80   sin 80
16 8 8
3
  RHS
16

Question 6. Show that:

(i) sin A sin  B  C   sin B sin  C  A  sin C sin  A  B  = 0

(ii) sin  B  C  cos  A  D   sin  C  A  cos  B  D   sin  A  B  cos  C  D 
=0

Solution:

(i)

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Consider LHS :
sin A sin  B  C   sin B sin  C  A   sin C sin  A  B 
1 1 1
  2sin A sin  B  C     2sin B sin  C  A     2sin C sin  A  B  
2 2 2
1 1 1
 cos  A   B  C   cos  A   B  C   cos B   C  A  cos B   C  A  
2 2 2
cos C   A  B   cos C   A  B 
1 1 1
 cos  A  B  C   cos  A  B  C    cos  B  C  A   cos  B  C  A  
2 2 2
cos  C  A  B   cos  C  A  B  
1 1 1 1
 cos  A  B  C   cos  A  B  C   cos  B  C  A   cos
2 2 2 2
1 1
 B  C  A  cos  C  A  B   cos  C  A  B 
2 2
1 1 1 1 1
 cos  A  B  C   cos  A  B  C   cos  A  B  C   cos  B  C  A   cos
2 2 2 2 2
1
 B  C  A  cos  A  B  C 
2
0
 RHS

(ii)

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Consider LHS :
sin  B  C  cos  A  D   sin  C  A  cos  B  D   sin  A  B  cos  C  D 
1 1 1
  2sin  B  C  cos  A  D     2sin  C  A  cos  B  D     2sin  A  B  cos  C  D  
2 2 2
1 1
 sin  B  C    A  D   sin  B  C    A  D  
2 2
1
sin  C  A    B  D   sin  C  A    B  D   2
sin  A  B    C  D   sin  A  B    C  D 
1 1
 sin  B  C  A  D   sin  B  C  A  D   

2 2
1
sin  C  A  B  D   sin  C  A  B  D    2
sin  A  B  C  D   sin  A  B  C  D  
1 1
 sin  B  C  A  D   sin  B  C  A  D   

2 2
1
sin   C  A  B  D   sin   C  A  B  D  
2
sin    A  B  C  D   sin  A  B  C  D  
1 1 1 1
 sin  B  C  A  D   sin  B  C  A  D   sin  C  A  B  D  
2 2 2 2
1 1
sin  C  A  B  D   sin   A  B  C  D   sin  A  B  C  D 
2 2
0
 RHS

tan  tan  60    tan  60   

Question 7. Prove that = tan 3

Solution:

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LHS  tan  tan  60    tan  60   
sin  sin  60    sin  60   

cos  cos  60    cos  60   
sin   sin 2 60  sin 2  

cos   cos 2 60  sin 2  
3 
sin    sin 2  
 4 
1 
cos    sin 2  
4 
sin   3  4sin 2  

cos  1  4sin 2  
3sin   4sin 3 

4 cos3   3cos 
sin 3

cos 3
 tan 3  RHS

1
Question 8. If     90 , show that the maximum value of cos  cos  is 2 .

Solution:

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Let x  cos  cos 
1
 x   2 cos  cos  
2
1
 x  cos      cos     
2
1
 x  cos      cos 90
2
1
 x  cos    
2

Now,
1  cos      1
1 1 1
   cos     
2 2 2
1 1
 x
2 2
1 1
   cos  cos  
2 2
1
Hence, is the maximum value of cos  cos  .
2

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Exercise: 8.2

Page Number:8.17

Question 1.

Solution:

(i)

sin120 + sin40

.
= 2 Sln -
120 + 40 120 - 40 {·: . .
sm A + sm B = 2sm
.( A+
cos
(-
A
( J ( J J J}
B

2
B

2
- - COS
2 2
=2 sin 80 cos 40

(ii)

sin 50 - sin 0

=2sin
50 0
cos
50
;
0 {·: . .
smA-sm B =2sm
. A- B A+ B
- - cos - - )
( ; ) ( ) ( 2 ) ( 2 }
=2 sin 20 cos 30

(iii)

cos 120 + cos 80

A
= 2 cos - - - cos
(
120 + 80
2 J (
120 - 80
2 J
{·: (
A B
cosA+cos B =2cos ; cos
J (
; J}
B

=2 cos 100 cos 20

(iv)

cos 120 - cos 40

.
= - 2 sin - - - szn
J
120 + 40
(
. 120 - 40
J
·: . A+
cos A - cos B = - 2sm ( sm
.( A-
J}
( J
B B

2 2 { 2 2
=-2 sin 80 sin 40

(v)

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sin 20 + cos 40

= sin 20 + sin (; - 40J

.
= 2sm
[
20 + 1r -
2
2
40

= 2sin (: - 0J cos (30 - :J

�
cos
[
20 - 1r
2
2
+ 40

J {
. . .
·: smA+smB=2sm (- -J cos - -
A+B
2
(A-B
2

Question 2.

Solution:

(i)

Consider LHS:
sin38 ° + sin 22°
. 38° + 22° 38° - 22° . . . A+ B A-B
= 2sm (- - - - cos ( ·: sm A + sm B = 2sm ) cos )}
2 ) 2 ) { ( 2 ( 2
= 2sin 30 cos 8
° °

I
= 2x-cos(90 ° -8° )
2
= sin 82°
= RHS
Hence, LHS = RHS.

(ii)

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Consider LHS:
cos100° + cos 20°
A
100° + 20°
= 2cos ---- cos
( 2 ] (
100° - 20°
2 ]
{·: cosA+cos B =2cos A; cos
(
B
J (
; J}
B

= 2cos 60 cos 40
° °

= 2x-cos 40°
2
1

= cos 40°
Hence, LHS = RHS.

(iii)

Consider LHS:
sin 50° + sin 10°
. 50° +10°
= 2sm - - - - cos
J (
50° -10°
]
·{ : . .
sm A + sm B = 2sm
.( A+ B
cos
A B(-
( 2 2 2 J 2 J}
= 2sin 30° cos 20°

=2x-cos 20°
1
2
= cos 20°
Hence, LHS = RHS.
(iv)

Consider LHS:
sin23 ° + sin 37°
. 23° + 37°
= 2sm - - - - cos
J (
23° - 37°
J
·: . .
sm A + sm B =2sin (
A+ B
cos
(
A- B
( 2 2 { 2 J 2 J}
= 2sin 30 cos (-7 )
° °

= 2sin 30° cos 7 °

= 2x-cos 7°
2
1

= cos 7°
Hence, LHS = RHS.

(v)

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Consider LHS:
sinl05 ° + cos 105 °
= sin105 ° + cos (90° + 15 ° )
= sinl05 ° - sinl5 °
. 105 ° - 15 °
= 2szn -
( - -
2
- ] cos (
105 ° + 15 °
2
] { . . . (A-BJ
2
A+B
·: smA+smB=2sm - - cos ( - - J}
2
= 2sin45 ° cos 60°
= 2sin (90° - 45 ° ) cos 60°
1
= 2x-cos(45 ° )
2
=cos 45 °
Hence, LHS = RHS.

(vi)

Consider LHS:
sin40° + sin 20°
. 40° + 20°
= 2sm (- - -
2
- ) cos (
40° - 20°
2
) { . . . (A+B)
·: smA+smB=2sm - - cos ( - - )}
2
A-B
2
= 2sin 30° cos 10°
1
= 2x-cos 10°
2
= cos(l0° )
Hence, LHS = RHS.

Question 3

Solution:
(i)

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Consider LHS:
cos 55° +cos 65° +cos 175°

=2cos (
55° +65°
2
] cos (
55° - 65°
2
] +cosl75° {·: A B
cos A+ cosB =2cos( ; Jcos(
A B
;
J}

=2cos 60 ° cos(-5° ) +cos 175°

1
=2x-cos 5° +cos 175°
2
=cos 5° +cos 175°
5° +175° 5° - 175°
( - -] cos (
=2cos - ]
2 2
=2cos 90° cos 85°
=0
Hence, LHS =RHS.
(ii)

Consider LHS:
sin 50° - sin 70 ° +sin 10°
.
=2sm -
50° - 70°
( - - ) cos (
2
50° +70 °
2
) +sin 10 ° { · ·
·: szn A - sm B =2 szn
·
(A - B
2
) cos
(A+ B
2
}
=2sin (-10° ) cos60° +sin 10°
1 . .
=2x-sm (-10 ° ) +sm 10°
2
= -sin 10 ° +sin 10°
=0
Hence, LHS =RHS.

(iii)

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Consider LHS:
cos 80 ° + cos 40 ° - cos 20 °

(80 -+ 40 ° J (80 -- 40 ° J A+B A-B

{
° °
= 2cos - -
- cos - - - cos 20 °
- ·: cosA+cosB=2cos ( - -Jcos ( - - J
2 2 2 2
= 2cos 60 cos 20 - cos 20
° ° °

1
= 2 X -COS 20 ° - COS 20 °
2
=cos 20 ° - cos 20 °
=0
Hence, LHS = RHS.

(iv)

Consider LHS:
cos 20 ° + cos100 ° + cos140 °

(20-+100 (20 --100 ° J A+B A-B

{
0
° ° °
= 2cos - - -J cos - - + cos140
- ·: cosA+cosB=2cos ( - - Jcos ( - -J
2 2 2 2
= 2cos 60 cos ( -40 ) + cos140
° ° °

1
= 2 X -COS 40 ° + COS140 °
2
=cos 40 ° + cos140 °

(40-+140 40 ° -140 ° J
° °
= 2cos - - -J cos (
2 2
= 2 cos 90 cos 50
° °

=0
Hence, LHS = RHS.
(v)

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 . (57rJ
LHS=sm - -cos-
41r
18 9

=2sm
. (Jr]9 cos
6Jr
=2sm
. (Jr]9 cos
6Jr
=2x
2
✓3
sm
. (Jr]9
= ✓ sin (; J = RHS
3

Hence, LHS = RHS.

(vi)

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 LHS = cos - - sm -
12 12
7r . 7r

= cos (Jr
5 .
;rJ sm Jr
2 - 2 - 12
1

. 5 .
= sm 1 ;r sm
( 2J - 12
Jr

[
;r
� 2sin 12 12 cos
2
Jr
lj
5

[
12;r : 12
Jr
lj {-.- sin A - sin R � 2sin (
A
;
R J cos (
A:R J}
= 2sin ; cos :
( J ( J

= 2x-x-
2 ✓
1 1
2

=
✓2
Hence, LHS = RHS.
(vii)

Consider LHS:
sin 80 ° - cos 70°
= sin 80° - cos (90° - 20 ° )
= sin 80° - sin 20°
. 80° - 20°
= 2sm - - -
(
- cos
] (
80 ° + 20 °
]
. .
·: sm A - sm B = 2sm (
. A-
2
BJ ( BJ}
cos
A+
2
2 2 {
= 2sin 30° cos 50 °

= 2x-cos 50°
1

= cos 50°
= RHS
Hence, LHS = RHS.

(viii)

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Consider LHS:
sin 51 ° + cos 81 °
= sin 51 ° + cos (90° - 9° )

J ( J BJ ( BJ}
= sin 51 ° + sin 9 °
. 51 ° + 9 ° 51 ° - 9 ° . . . A+ A-
= 2sm ( - - - cos ·: sm A+ sm B = 2sm ( cos
2 2 { 2 2
= 2sin 30° cos 21 °
1
= 2 X - COS ( 21 °)
2
= cos(21 °)
= RHS
Hence, LHS = RHS.

Question 4

Solution:

(i)

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 J- J
Consider LHS
3 3
COS ( : + X COS ( : - X

-
�-2sin (� + x): (� x) sin (� +
x) � (� - x)
( j ( j

. ( A BJ . ( A - BJ}
{
+
·: cos A - cos B = -2sm sm
2 2

. 3;r .
= -2sm- sm x
4

. ( 4JZ"J .
= -2sm ;r - sm x

. Jr .
= -2sm - sm x
4

= - ✓2 sin x
(ii)

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 J J
Consider LHS :

cos ( : + x + cos( : - x

= 2COS ( : J COS X

= 2x ✓2 XCOSX

= ✓ cosx
2

=RHS

Hence, LHS = RHS

Question 5

Solution:

(i)

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Consider LHS:
sin 65 ° + cos 65 °
= sin 65 ° + cos (90 ° -25 ° )
= sin 65 ° + sin 25 °
. 65 ° +25 ° 65 ° -25 °
=2sm (- - - - ] cos ( ]

. . . ( BJ ( - BJ}
2 2

{·: sm A + sm B =2sm
° °
A+
2
cos
A
2
=2sin 45 cos 20
1
=2x ✓2 cos 20 °

= ✓2 cos 20 °
= RHS
Hence, LHS = RHS.

(ii)

Consider LHS:
sin 47° + cos 77°
= sin 47° + cos (90° -13° )
= sin 47° + sin 13°
. 47° + 13° 47° - 13°
=2sm (- - - ] cos ( ]

. . . ( BJ ( - BJ}
2 2

{ ·: sm A + sm B =2sm
A+
2
cos
A
2
=2sin 30° cos 17°
1
=2x-cos 17°

= cos 17°
= RHS
Hence, LHS = RHS.

Question 6

Solution:

(i)

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Consider LHS :
cos 3A + cos SA+ cos 7A + cos ISA

3A + SA 3A - SA 7A + ISA 7A - ISA
= 2cos (- - -J cos -
( - - J + 2cos (- - - -] cos ( ]

BJ BJ}
2 2 2 2
A A
{·.· cos A + cos B = 2cos ( �
�
cos (

= 2cos 4A cos(-A) + 2cosllA cos(-4A)

= 2cos 4A cos A+ 2cos I IA cos 4A
= 2cos 4A {cos A+ cosllA}

{ (
= 2cos 4Ax 2cos
A + llA
2
J ( - J}
cos
A I IA
2

= 4cos 4A cos 6A cos(-SA)

= 4cos 4A cos SA cos 6A
= RHS

Hence, LHS = RHS

(ii)

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Consider LHS :
cos A + cos 3A + cos SA + cos 7A

=2cos ( +/ cos ( � + 2cos cos

A AJ A 3A J (S A ; ?A J (SA ; ?A J

{·: A B
cosA+cosB =2cos( ; Jcos(
A ; B J}

= 2cos 2A cos(-A) + 2cos 6A cos(-A)

= 2cos 2A cos A + 2cos 6A cos A
= 2cos A(cos 2A + cos 6A )

2A + 6A J 2A - 6A J
=2cos A x 2cos ( cos (
2 2

= 4cos A cos 4A cos(-2A)

= 4cos A cos 2A cos 4A

= RHS
Hence, LHS =RHS.

(iii)

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Consider LHS :
sin A+ sin 2A+ sin 4A+ sin SA

.
= 2 sin -
(
A+ 2A
- J cos - -
2A (A - . 4A+ A
- J + 2 sm (- - 5 -
J cos (
4A - 5A
J
2 2 2 2
-

·: sm. A+ sm. B = 2sm. ( A +2 BJ cos ( A -2 BJ}

{

= 2sin (%AJ cos (-�J + 2sin (�AJ cos (-�J

= 2sin (%AJ cos (�J + 2sin (�AJ cos (�J

A . 3 . 9
= 2cos ( J{sm A+ sm A}
2 2 2

2
-A+-A -A--A
= 2cos (�J x 2sin 2 2 cos 2
2 2
[3 9 � [3 9 �

= 4cos (�J cos 3A cos (-%AJ

= 4cos � cos (%AJ cos 3A

= RHS
Hence, LHS = RHS

(iv)

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 :
-
Consider LHS
= sin 3A + sin 2A sin A

= 2 sm
.( 3A + 2A
J ( - J . { .
cos
3A 2A
- sm A ·: sm A + sm B = 2 sm
A+ . . ( BJ ( - BJ}
cos
A

J J-
2 2 2 2

= 2 sin (%A cos (� sin A

= 2 sm
. ( 5 J ( AJ - .
A cos 2 sm
A
cos
A
2 2 2 2

= 2 cos (2AJ { . 25 . 2A}

sm A - sm

J
[5 Al [5 Al
-A-- -A+-
= 2 cos (� x 2 sin 2 2 cos 2 2
2 2

J J
= 4cos (� sin A cos (%A

= 4sin A cos (�J J cos (%A

= RHS
Hence, LHS = RHS

(v)

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Consider LHS:
cos 20° cos100° + cos100 ° cos140° - cos140° cos 200°

l
1
= -( 2cos 20° cos100° + 2cos100° cos140 ° - 2cos140 ° cos 200 ° )
2
° ° ° ° ° °
_!_[COS (100 + 20 )cos (100 - 20 ) +cos (140 + 100 )
=
2 cos (140° -100° )-cos ( 200 ° +140 ° )cos ( 200 ° -140° )
1
= -[cosl20° +cos80° +cos240° +cos 40 ° -cos340° -cos60 ° ]
2
1
= -[cos120° +cos240 ° -cos60 ° +cos80° +cos 40° -cos340 ° ]
2
°
=½[ (-½-½-½] +cos80 +cos40 -cos340 ]
° °

J ( J
}]
1 3 80° + 40° 80 ° - 40°
= [ + { 2cos ( cos -cos(360° - 20° )
2 -2 2 2

=½[-%+ { 2cos60°cos20 ° -cos20 ° }]

=½[-%+cos20° -cos20° ]

=½[-%]

=-'j__=RHS
4
Hence, LHS = RHS
(vi)

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 . 0 . 70 . 30 . I 10
LHS =sm-sm- +sm-sm-
2 2 2 2
I . 0 . 70 . 30 . I 10
= [ 2sm sm + 2sm sm
2 2 2 2 2]
0 3 0 3
=½[cos( :- �J-cos( : + �J+cos(1� _ :J-cos(1� + :J]
7 7

I
= -[cos30 -cos 40 +cos 40 -cos 7 0]
2
I
=-[cos30 -cos 70]
2
30 70 30 70
=½[-2sin( � }in( ; ]]

=_!_[-2sin( 50 )sin(-20 )]
2
=sin( 50) sin( 20) =RHS

Hence, LHS = RHS

Question 7

Solution:

(i)

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Consider LHS :
sin A+ sin B
sin A - sin B

2
sin
A BJ
� cos
ABJ
2 BJ BJ
= - � -( -�- � - ( -; -�
A A
sin � cos

BJ ( BJ BJ ( BJ}
( ( ;
. . . A+ A- . . . A- A+
·: sm A + sm B = 2 sm cos , an d sm A - sm B = 2 sm cos
{ ( 2 2 ( 2 2

=RHS
Hence, LHS = RHS.

(ii)

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Consider LHS :

sin A + sin 3A
cos A - cos 3A

A+ 3A
2sin cos J
( 2 J ( �
A 3A

= - -
. A+ 3A . 3A - A
---c--- -
---c---------c-- -
------c-

2sm --- sm
( 2 J ( 2 J
. . . A+ B -B . A+ B B-A
·: sm A + sm B = 2sm ( J
cos
( J
, and cos A - cos B = 2sm
( J
cos - - }
( 2 J
A

{ 2 2 2

sin 2A cos (-A)

sin 2A sin A
= sin
-2A- cos A
--
sin 2A sin A

= cotA
=RHS

Hence, LHS = RHS.

(iii)

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Consider LHS :
sin 9A - sin 7A
cos 7A - cos 9A

. (9A-7AJ (9A+7AJ
2sm --- cos
2 2
= ----,-------',----,----�
. (7A+9AJ . (9A-7AJ
2sm --- sm
2 2
. . . A - BJ ( A + BJ d . A + BJ ( B - A J]
·: sm A - sm B = 2 sm cos an cos A - cos B = 2 sm cos - -
[ ( 2 2 ( 2 2

sin A cos 8A
=-----
sin 8A sin A
=cot8A
=RHS

Hence, LHS = RHS.

(iv)

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Consider LHS :
cos A+ cos B
cos B - cos A

2 cos A- BJ cos (A+ BJ

( - 2- 2
. A
2 sm . A
+ B sm - BJ
2 J
( -- ( --
2

[ ·: cos A + cos B = 2 cos (A -

2
BJ cos (A+ BJ and cos A - cos B = 2 sm
2 ( 2 J
(B -
. A+ B cos - -
A
2 J]

=RHS

Hence, LHS = RHS.

(v)

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Consider LHS :
sin A - sin B
cos A+ cos B

2 sin
A BJcos
A
�
BJ
=- �
2 cos
-( -; -
A
�
BJ
�-�-
cos
(
A
-
�
BJ
.
(
.
( ;

·: sm A - sm B = 2 sm
. A- BJ ( B J
cos
A+
an d cos A + cos B = 2 cos
A+ BJ ( BJ]
cos
A-
[ ( 2 2 ( 2 2

BJ
sin
BJ
A
cos
A
�
BJ
cos
BJ
= ---------
( ;
A
� cos
(
A

tan( BJ
( ( ;
A;
=

=RHS

Hence, LHS = RHS.

Question 8

Solution:

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(i)
Consider LHS
sin A + sin 3A + sin SA
cos A + cos 3A + cos SA

sin A + sin SA + sin 3 A

=
cos A + cos SA + cos 3A
. (A+ SA A - SA .
2 sm J cos ( J + sm 3 A
2 2
=
J cos ( � J + cos 3 A
A + SA A SA
2cos (
2

2 sin 3A cos (-2A) + sin 3A

-
2cos 3 A cos (-2A) + cos 3 A
sin 3 A cos 2A + sin 3A
= 2- - - - - - --
2cos 3 A cos 2A + cos 3A

sin 3A [2cos 2A + 1]
=- -- - �
� -
cos 3A [2cos 2A + 1]

= tan 3A
= RHS

Hence, RHS = LHS.

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(ii)
Consider LHS :
cos 3A + 2cos SA + cos 7A
cos A + 2cos 3A + cos SA

= cos
-3-A + cos 7A + 2cos SA
- - - - - --
cos + cos SA + 2cos 3 A
A

3
2cos ( A; ?AJ cos (3 ; ?AJ + 2cos SA
A

=
+ A
2cos ( / J cos ( � J + 2cos 3A
A A SA

= 2cos
-- SA cos (-2A) + 2cos SA
- - - - - - --
2cos 3A cos (-2A) + 2cos 3A
2cos SA cos 2A + 2cos SA
= --------
2cos 3A cos 2A + 2cos 3A

2cos SA [cos 2A + 1]
= ------
2cos 3A [cos 2A + 1]

= cos
-SA-
cos 3A
=RHS

Hence, RHS = LHS.

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(iii)
Consider LHS:
cos 4A + cos 3A + cos 2A
sin 4A + sin 3A + sin 2A

= cos
-4A-+-cos
-2A-+-
cos 3A
--
sin 4A + sin 2A + sin 3A
4A 2A 4A 2A

J ( J .
2cos ( ; J cos ( ; J + cos 3A
=
2 sm. ( ---
4A + 2A
2
4A - 2A
cos --- + sm 3A
2

= 2cos
-- 3A cos A+ cos 3A
- - - - --
2sin 3A cos A+ sin 3A
cos 3A[2cos A+ I]
=- - - - - --
sin 3A[2cos A+ I]

= cot 3A
= RHS
Hence, RHS = LHS.

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(iv)
Consider LHS :
sin 3A+ sin SA+ sin 7A+ sin 9A
cos 3A+ cos SA+ cos 7A+ cos 9A

sin 3A+ sin 9A+ sin SA+ sin 7A

= -------------
cos 3A+ cos 9A+ cos SA+ sin 7A
. 3A+9A 3A-9A . SA+7A SA-7A
2sm (--- J cos (--- J + 2sm (--- J cos ( J
= 2 2 2 2
----,--------,-------,�---,--------.,-----,-------,------'-,-
3A+9A 3A-9A SA+ 7A SA-7A
2cos (--- J cos (--- J + 2cos ( --- J cos ( J
2 2 2 2
2sin 6A cos (-3A) + 2sin 6A cos (-A)
-
2cos 6A cos (-3A) + 2cos 6A cos (-A)

2sin 6A cos 3A+ 2sin 6A cos A

= ------------
2cos 6A cos 3A+ 2cos 6A cos A
2sin 6A[cos 3A+ cos A]
=---------
2cos 6A[cos 3A+ cos A]

= tan 6A
= RHS

Hence, LHS = RHS.

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(v)
Consider LHS :
sin SA- sin 7A+ sin 8A- sin 4A
cos 4A+ cos 7A- cos SA- cos8A

= sin --
- SA -sin
-7A-+
-sin
-8A---sin
-4A-
-
cos 4A- cos8A+ cos 7A- sin SA
. SA-7A SA+7A . 8A-4A 8A+4A
2sm ( ---J cos ( ---J + 2sm ( ---J cos ( J
2 2 2 2
= -�- - ��-� -�- - ��- - �-�- - �
. 4A+8A . 4A-8A . 7A+SA . 7A-SA
-2sm ( ---J sm ( ---J - 2sm ( ---J sm ( J
2 2 2 2
2sin (-A) cos 6A+ 2sin 2A cos 6A
-
-2sin 6A sin (-2A) - 2sin 6A sin A

= -2sin
- -A-cos 6A+ 2sin 2A cos6A
- - - - - - --
2sin 6A sin 2A- 2sin 6A sin A
2cos 6A[sin 2A- sin A]
= - - - - - - --
2sin 6A[sin 2A- sin A]

= cot 6A
= RHS
Hence, LHS = RHS.

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( vi)
Consider LHS
sin SA cos 2A -sin 6A cos A
sin A sin 2A - cos 2A cos 3A

Multiplying numerator and denominator by 2, we get

7A + sin 3A -sin 7A - sin SA
= -sin
---------- - - -
cos (-A) + cos 3A -cos SA - cos (-A)

= sin 7A + sin 3A - sin 7A - sin SA

cos A + cos 3A - cos SA - cos A

= sin 3A - sin SA

J ( J
cos 3A - cos SA
. 3A - SA 3A + SA
2 sm ( cos
= 2 2
3A + SA 3A-SA
-2 cos ( J cos ( J
2 2

sin (-A) cos 4A

=
-cos 4A cos (-A)

= -sin A cos 4A
-cos 4Acos A

= sin A
cos A

= tan A
= RHS

Hence, LHS = RHS.

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( vii)
Consider LHS :
sin I IA sin A + sin 7A sin 3A
cos 2A sin A + cos 6A sin 3A

Multiplying numerator and denominator by 2, we get

2sin I IA sin A+2sin 7A sin 3A
=-----------
2cos I IA sin A+2cos 7A sin 3A
cos (11A - A) - cos (11A+A)+cos (7A - 3A) - cos (7A + 3A)
-
sin (11A + A) - sin (11A - A)+sin (7A + 3A) - sin (7A - 3A)
cos IOA -cos 12A + cos 4A - cos IOA
=-------------
sin 12A - sin IOA + sin IOA - sin 4A

cos 4A - cos 12A

= ------
sin 12A - sin 4A
. 4A + 12A . 4A -12A
-2 Sln ( ---J Sln ( J
=--�--�--�--�2 2
. 12A -4A 12A + 4A
2sm ( ---J cos ( J
2 2

-sin 8A sin (-4A)

=------
sin 4A cos 8A
sin 8A sin 4A
=-----
sin 4A cos 8A

= tan8A
= RHS

Hence, LHS = RHS.

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(viii)
Consider LHS
sin 3A cos 4A - sin A cos 2A
sin 4A sin A + cos 6A cos A

Multiplying numerator and denominator by 2, we get

= 2sin
-- cos-
3 A- --
4A- 2sin-A-
cos-2A-
2sin 4A sin A + 2cos 6A cos A
sin (3A+ 4A) + sin (3A- 4A) - sin (A+ 2A) - sin (A- 2A)
-
cos (4A - A) - cos (4A + A) + cos (6A + A) + cos (6A - A)
sin 7A + sin (-A) - sin 3A - sin (-A)
cos 3 A - cos SA + cos 7A + cos SA

= sin 7A - sin A - sin 3A + sin A

cos 3A - cos SA + cos 7A + cos SA
sin 7A - sin 3A
=
cos 3A + cos 7A

. 7A - 3 A 7A + 3A
2sm ( J cos ( J
= 2 2
A + 7A 3A-7A
2cos (3 J cos ( J
2 2
= sin 2A cos SA
cos SA cos (-2A)

= sin 2A cos SA
cos SA cos 2A

= tan 2A
= RHS

Hence, LHS = RHS.

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(ix)
Consider LHS :
sin A sin2A + sin3A sin6A
sin A cos 2A + sin3A cos 6A
Multiplying numerator and denominator by 2, we get

= 2si
- n A sin2A + 2sin 3A sin6A
- - - - - - - --
2sin A cos 2A + 2sin 3A cos 6A
cos (A-2A) -cos (A+2A) + cos (3A-6A) - cos (3A+ 6A)
-
sin (A+ 2A) + sin (A-2A) + sin (3A+ 6A) + sin (3A-6A)
-A) - cos 3A + cos (-3A) - cos 9A
= cos
--(- -------- - -
sin3A sin(-A)+ sin9A+ sin (-3A)

= cos
-- A---
cos 3A + cos 3A - cos 9A
------- -
sin 3A - sin A+ sin9A - sin 3A
= cos
-A-cos
- -9A-
sin9A -sin A

. A+ 9A .
- 2sm (---J sm
(A - 9A
2 2- J
=- - - - - - - - - -
A + 9A
2cos ( sin (
9A-A
2 J 2 J
= -sin-
SAcos4A
---
sinSA cos (-4A)

= tan SA
= RHS
Hence, LHS = RHS.

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(x)
Consider LHS:
sinA+ 2sin3A+ sinSA
sin3A+ 2sinSA+ sin 7A

= sin
-A+ sinSA+ 2sin3A
-- -----
sin3A+ sin 7A + 2sinSA

2sm. A+SA cos A-SA + 2sm3A.

( 2 J ( 2 J
=
3A+ A
. --- 3A- A . SA
2sm ( 27 J cos (--- 7 + 2sm
2 J
2sin3A cos(-2A) + 2sin3A
-
2sinSA cos(-2A) + 2sinSA

= 2sin3A
- -- cos2A+ 2sin3A
-----
2sinSA cos2A+ 2sinSA
2sin3A[cos 2A + 1]
=- - ��- - �
2sinSA[cos2A+ 1]

sin3A
sinSA
= RHS
Hence, LHS = RHS.

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( xi)
Consider LHS :
sin (0+<p) - 2sin0 + sin (0-<p)
cos (0+<p) -2cos0 + cos (0-<p)

sin (0+<p) + sin (0-<p) -2sin0

-
cos (0+<p) + cos (0-<p) - 2cos0
. 0+<p+0-<p 0+<p-0+<p .
2sm ( ---- J cos ( ---- J -2sm 0
- �- 2- �
J J-
= --�- - 2 �-- - -
+<p <p +<p +<p
2cos ( e ; e - cos ( e ;e 2cos0

2sin0cos<p-2sin0
=
2cos0cos<p-2cos0
2sin0[ cos<p-1]
= - - - --
2cos0[ cos<p-I]
= tan0
= RHS
Hence, RHS = LHS.

Question 9

Solution:

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(i)
Consider LHS :
sin a + sin + sin
/J r - sin ( a + jJ + r)

(
=2sin a � /JJ cos (a � /JJ + 2cos (r
+
a � /J + rJ sin (r - a � /J - rJ
2 + +
=2sin(a�/JJcos(a;/JJ 2cos( r ; /J}in(-a - /JJ
2
+

;
=2sin(a� fJJcos(a fJJ + 2cos(
2r+
; fJ}in[-(a� fJJ]
+

2 + +
=2sin(a � fJJ[cos(a;/JJ _ cos( r ; /JJ]

. a + /J
=2sin(-
2
. (a-JJ+2y+a+JJJ
-J[-2sm - ----
4
( -JJ-2y-a-JJJ]
- sm a
4
.
=2sin(a� /JJ[-2sin(a; rJ sin(-/J -rJ]
2

=2sin(a � /JJ[2sin(a rJ sin /J rJ]

; ( ;

=4sin(a � /JJ sin(a rJ sin(/J rJ

; ;

= RHS
Hence, LHS = RHS.

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(ii)
Consider LHS :
cos (A+B+C) + cos (A-B+C) + cos (A+B-C) + cos (-A+B+C)
A+B+C+A-B+C A+B+C-A+B-C
= 2 cos (- - - - - - -J cos ( J
2 2
A+B-C-A+B+C A+B-C+A-B-C
+ 2 cos (- - - - - - -J cos ( J
2 2
= 2 cos ( A +C) cos B + 2 cos B cos ( A -C)

= 2 cos B [ cos (A+C) + cos ( A -C)]

= 2 cos B[ 2 cos (A+ C+A-C

- J cos (
- - - -
2
A+C-A+C
2
J]

= 2 cos B[ 2 cos A cos C]

= 4 cos A cos B cos C

= RHS
Hence, LHS = RHS.

QlO.

Solution:

Given:
sin A+ sin B = 14 .....(i)
cos A+ cos B =1 2 .....(ii)

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Dividing (i) by (ii):
I
sin A+ sinB 4
⇒ -----=
cos A+ cosB I

. . .
(A+BJ
·: smA+smB=2sm - - cos - -
(A-BJ
2 2
(A+BJ (A-BJ
and cos A+ cos B =2 cos - - cos - -
2 2

Hence proved.

Q11.

Solution:

Given:

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 I I I I
--+- - =--+- -
sinA cosA sinB cosB

I I I I
⇒ ---- -=- --- -
sinA sinB cosB cosA

⇒ sinB-sinA= cosA-cosB
sinAsinB cosAcosB
⇒ sinB-sinA= sinAsinB
cosA-cosB cosAcosB

B A A B
2sin(- -;_ J_ cos(- -;_ J_
� -�-�-� =-sin- sin
A B
⇒- - --
A B_ A B cosAcosB
-2sin(- -;_ } in(- -;_ _J

B B
-sin(� J cos(� J
sinAsinB
⇒ . 2 2
=
A-B . A+B cosAcosB
-sm ( - - J sm ( - - J
2 2

B
cos(� J
2 sinAsinB
⇒
sin(
A;R) � cosAcosR

⇒ cot( A; B J= tanAtanB
Hence proved.

Q12.

Solution:

Given:
sin 2A = A sin 2B

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⇒ sin2A= /4
sin2B
sin 2A+sin 2B A+ l

J ( J
⇒- --- -=
sin 2A -sin 2B A -1
2. ( 2A+ 2B 2A -2B

J ( J
sm --- cos
2 2 ,1,+l
⇒ -��-�
. 2A-2B
-
� - �= - -
2A + 2B ,1 -1
2 sm (--- cos
2 2
. . . A+B A-B . . . A-B A+B
[·: smA+smB=2 sm (- -J cos (- -J an d smA-smB=2 sm (- -J cos (- -J]
2 2 2 2
sin(A+B)cos(A-B) ,1+1
⇒ -�-�� -
�=- -
sin(A-B) cos(A+B) ,1 -1

,1,+l
⇒ tan(A+B)cot(A-B)=-
A-1
tan(A+B) ,1,+l
⇒- - -- = -
-
tan(A-B) ,1-l

Hence proved.

Q13.

Solution:

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(i)
Consider LHS :
cos(A+B+C)+cos(-A+B+C)+ cos(A-B+C)+cos(A+B-C)
sin(A+B+C)+sin(-A+B+C)+sin(A-B+C)-sin(A+B-C)
A+B+C-A+B+C A+B+C+A-B-C A-B+C+A+B-C
2cos (------- Jcos (------- J + 2cos ( J
2 2 2
A-B+C-A-B+C
cos ( J
= -� - - 2 --� --�- - - - - � -- �-- - - - - �
-
. A+B+C-A+B+C A+B+C+A-B-C . A-B+C-A-B+C
2sm (------- Jcos (------- J + 2sm ( J
2 2 2
A-B+C+A+B-C
cos ( J
2

= 2co
-s -
(B+C)cos A + 2cos Acos (-B+C)
-------- - -
2sin (B+C)cos A+ 2sin (-B+C)cos A

2cos A[cos (B+C)+cos(-B+C)]

= - - - - - - - - - --
2cos A[sin(B+C)+sin(-B+C)]
cos (B+C)+cos (-B+C)
-
sin(B+C)+sin (-B+C)

B+C-B+C B+C+B-C
2cos (-----J cos ( J
= -� -2 � -- �
-- - 2 �
-
. B+C-B+C B+C+B-C
2sm (-----J cos ( J
2 2
= co-
s Ccos B
- -
sin Ccos B

= cote
= RHS
Hence, LHS = RHS.

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(ii)
Consider LHS :
sin ( B -C) cos ( A -D) + sin ( C -A) cos ( B -D) + sin ( A -B) cos ( C -D)

Multiplying by 2 :
2 sin ( B -C) cos ( A -D) + 2 sin( C -A) cos ( B -D) + 2 sin ( A -B) cos ( C -D)
=s�(B-C+A-D) + s�(B-C-A+D) + s�(C-A+B-D)
+s�(C-A-B+D) + s�(A-B+C-D) + s�(A-B-C+D)
=sin{-( C +D-A-B)}+sin{-(A+C-B-D)}
+sin{-(A+D-B-C)}+sin(C-A-B+D)+sin(A-B+C-D)+sin(A-B-C+D)
=-sin( C +D-A-B)-sin(A+ C-B-D)-sin(A+D-B-C)
+sin(C-A-B+D)+sin(A-B+C-D)+sin(A-B-C+D)
=0
= RHS

Hence, LHS = RHS.

Q14.

Solution:

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We have,
cos ( A -B) cos ( C +D)
---- - +- - - - =0
cos ( A +B) cos ( C -D)
cos ( A - B) cos ( C - D) + cos ( C +D) cos (A+B)
⇒ =O
cos ( A +B) cos ( C -D)
⇒ cos ( A - B) cos ( C - D) + cos ( C +D) cos (A+B) = 0
⇒ cos ( A - B) cos ( C - D) = -cos ( C +D) cos (A+B)
⇒ [cos A cos B + sin A sin B] [cos C cos D + sin C sin D]
= -[cos C cos D - sin C sin D] [cos A cos B - sin A sin B]
Dividing both sides by cos A cos B cos C cos D we get,
[cos A cosB+sinAsinB][cosCcosD+sinCsinD]
cosAcosBcosCcosD
[cos C cos D - sin C sin D] [cos A cos B - sin A sin B]
=
cosAcosBcosCcosD
[cos A cosB+sinAsinB] [cosCcosD+sinCsinD]
⇒ --------- - x- - - - - - - - - -
cosAcosB cosCcosD
[cos C cos D - sin C sin D] [sin C cos A cos B - sin A sin B]
=-- - - - - - --x- - - - - - - - -
-
cosCcosD cosAcosB
⇒ [1 +tanAtanB][l +tanCtanD]=[tanCtanD-1](1-tanAtanB]

⇒ 1+tanCtanD+tan A tanB+tan A tanBtanCtanD

= tanCtanD-tanAtanBtanCtanD+tanAtanBtanD-1+tan A tanB
⇒ 2tanAtanBtanCtanD=-2

⇒ tanAtanBtanCtanD =-1
Hence proved.

Q15.

Solution:

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cos (a+ ,B) sin (r+ 8) = cos (a - ,B) sin (r-8)

⇒ [cos a cos ,8- sin a sin ,B][sin r cos 8+ cos r sin 8]

= [cos a cos ,8+ sin a sin ,B][sin r cos 8- cos r sin 8]
Dividing both sides by sin a sin ,8sin rsin 8 :

[cos a cos,8- sin a sin,B][sin r cos8+ cos r sin8]

sin a sin ,8sin rsin 8

- a cos,8+ sin a sin ,B][sin r cos8- cos r sin-8]

= [cos
------------------
sin a sin ,8sin rsin 8
[cos a cos,8- sin a sin ,B] [sin r cos8+ cos r sin8]
⇒- - - - - - - - -x - - - - - - --
sin a sin ,8 sin rsin 8
[cosacos,B+ sinasin,8] [sinycos8- cosysin8]
=-- - - - - - - -
x-- - - - - - -
-
sin a sin ,8 sin rsin 8
⇒ [cot a cot,8- I][cot8+ cot r] = [cot a cot,8 + I][cot8- cot r]

⇒ cota cot,8 cot8 + cot a cot,8 coty - cot8 - coty

= cota cot,8 cot8 - cota cot,8 coty + cot8 - coty
⇒ - cot8- cot8 = -cot a cot,8cot r - cot a cot,8cot r

⇒ -2cot8 = -2cota cot,8cotr

⇒ cota cot,8cotr = cot8

Hence proved.

Q16.

Solution:

Given:
y sin cp = x sin (28 + cp)

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 y sin(20+<p)
⇒- =-�.-�
x sm<p
Applying componendo and dividendo :
-x sin(20+<p) - sin <p
⇒ y-- =-- - - - --
y+x sin(20+<p) + sin <p
20+<p-<p
. (---- 20+<p+<p
2 sm J cos ( J
-x
⇒ -y - =- � --2 - �-�- - 2
-
�
y+x 20+<p+<p
. (---- 20+<p-<p
2 sm J cos ( J
2 2

⇒ -y-x- =-2 sin-0 -

cos(0+<p)
�-�
y+x 2 sin(0+<p) cos 0

⇒ -y-x- =-sin -
0 cos(0+<p)
-
�-�
y+x sin(0+<p) cos 0

⇒ -y-x- =-cot -
(0+<p)
--
y+x cot 0
⇒(y-x) cot0 = (y+x) cot(0+<p)
Q17.

Solution:

cos (A+ B) sin (C- D) = cos (A- B) sin (C+ D) ⇒[cos A cos B - sin Asin B] [sin C cos D -
cosCsinD] = [cos A cos B + sin A sin B] [sin C cos D + cos C sin D]

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Dividing both sides by cos A cos B cos C cos D,

[ cos A cos B - sin A sin B] [sin C cos D - cos C sin D]

cosA cosB cosC cosD
[ cos A cos B+ sin A sin B] [sin C cos D+ cos C sin D]
cos A cosB cosC cosD
cos A cos B - sin A sin B] [sin C cos D - cos C sin D]
⇒ -[ - - - - - - - -x-- - - - - - - - -
cosA cosB cosC cosD
[ cos- A cos B+ sin A sin B] �[sin C cos D+ cos C sin � D]
� ------ �x - - - - - - - - -
cos A cosB cosC cosD

⇒ [1 - tanAtanB][tanC-tanD] =[1+tanAtanB][tanC+tanD]
⇒ �C - �D-�A�B�C+�A�B�D
=�C+�D+�A�B�C+�A�B�D

⇒ -�D- �D=�A�B�C+�A�B�C
⇒ -2tanD=2tanAtanBtanC

⇒ tanAtanBtanC =-tanD

⇒ tanAtanBtanC+tanD=0
Hence proved.

Q18:
Solution:

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 2 4
x cos 0= y cos( 0+ ; J= z cos( 0+ ; J

2 4
cos(0+ ; J cos(0+ ; J
cos0
⇒ --=-� - � - =-� -�
I I I
X y z
4
cos(0+3f J cos(0+ ; J cos0+cos(0+3f J+cos(0+� J
cos0
⇒ --= = �- -�=
I I I I I I
-+-+-
X y Z X y Z

2
cos(0+ ; J
4
cos(0+ ; J
cos 0+2 cos
[
2ff
0+-+0+-
3
2
4ff
3 cos 3
[J J
2ff
0+--0--
2
4ff
3

cos0
⇒ -- = = =
I I I I I I
-+-+-
X y z X y z
2 4
cos(0+ ; J cos(0+ ; J cos 0+2 cos(;r+0) cos( - ; J
cos0
⇒ -- = = =
I I I I I I
-+-+-
X y z X y z
2 4 I
cos(0+ ; J cos(0+ ; J COS 0+2 X ( - COS 0) X -
cos0 2
⇒ -- = = = [ cos(-0)= cos0]
I I I I I I
-+-+-
X y z X y z
2 4
cos(0+ ; J cos(0+ ; J
cos0 0
⇒ -- = = =
I I I I I I
-+-+-
X y z X y z
⇒ -I +-I +-=0
I
X y z
⇒ yz+zx+xy =0
xyz
⇒ xy+yz+zx=0

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Q19:
Solution:
Given,

m sin 0 =n sin( 0 + 2a)

m sin( 0+ 2a)
⇒-=- - - -
n sin0
Applying componendo and dividendo, we get

m +n sin( 0 + 2a) + sin 0

=- - - - - -
-
m-n sin( 0 + 2a) - sin 0
0 + 2a + 0
2 sin (
⇒ -mm+n- =- - �- 2 - J
cos (
�- 2 - J
0 + 2a - 0

J J
�- - �
-n 0+2 - 0 0 +2 +0
2 sin ( : cos ( :

⇒ -m+-n =-sin-
( 0 + a) cos a
----
m-n sin a cos( 0 + a)

⇒ -m+n- =tan(0+a) cota

m-n
m+n
:. tan ( 0 +a) cot a = - ­
m-n

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Exercise: 8.VSA

Page Number:8.20

Ql.

Solution:

a
(cos a+ cos �)2 + (sin a+ sin �)2 = ;L cos 2 ( ;�)

Consider LHS:
(cos a+ cos �)2 + (sin a+ sin �)2

= 4cos 2(a+
-- P) cos2(a-
-- P) + 4sm
. 2(a+
-- P) cos2(a-
-- P)
2 2 2 2

� 4cos'
(a; P )[ cos' (a; P) + sin' (a; P)]

= 4cos 2 ( a
; p)
= RHS

Q2.

Solution:

. n . Sn
sm -sm-
12 12

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 - -
[ ·: 2sin A sin B = cos (A B) cos (A+B)]

= ½[ J -
cos(- ; cos ;]

= ½(½-oJ
I
4

Q3.

Solution:

Given:
sin A+ sin B = a .....(i)
cos A+ cos B = � .....(ii)

Dividing (i) by (ii):

sinA+sinB a
=
⇒ cos A+cosB fJ

. A+B
2
A B
2sm ( - - J cos ( --- J
2
=
a
⇒ A+B A B
2cos ( - - Jcos ( --- J fJ
2 2

[ . . A+B
. A B
2 2
A+B A-B
·: smA+smB=2sm ( - - J cos ( --- J and cosA+cosB=2cos ( - -J cos( - - J]
2 2

Q4.

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Solution:

Given:
cos A= m cosB

⇒ cosA
- - =-
m
cosB I

⇒-cosA+cosB m+l
cosA-cosB
- - - -=
m-l

2cos cos
( TJ ( ¥]
=
m+l
⇒ . A+B . A-B
-2sm - - sm - -
m-l
( 2 J ( 2 J
A-B A+B . A+B A-B
[
·: cosA+cosB=2cos - - cos - - and cosA-cosB=-2sm - - cos - - ]
( 2 J ( 2 J ( 2 J ( 2 J

cos cos
( ¥] ( TJ
=
m+l
⇒ . A+B . A-B m-l
-sm - - sm - -
( 2 J ( 2 J

A+B A-B
⇒ -cot(- - cot - - = - -
J ( J
m+l
2 2 m-l

A+B A-B
⇒ cot(- - cot - - = - -
J ( J
I+m
2 2 l-m

Q5.

Solution:

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1-4 sin10 ° sin 70°
2sinl0 °

1- 2[2sin10° sin 70 ° ]
= -
� - - �
-
2sinl0 °

1- 2[ cos (10° -70 ° ) - cos (10° + 70° )]

= �
-- - - - - -
°
---�
-
2sinl0
1- 2[ cos (-60 ) - cos 80 °]
°
= -----
0
---
2sinl0

° °
1-2[ cos 60 - cos 80 ]
=- - - - -0 - --
2sinl0

=
1- 2[
-
l-
� ---�
-
cos ( 90° -10 ° )]

2sinl0 °
1
1- 2 X - + 2 COS ( 90° -10° )
= -- 2 ----- -
2sinl0°

°
= 2sinl0
- -0
2sinl0
=l

Q6 .

Solution:

Given:
A+B=n
3

and cos A + cos B = 1

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 A
⇒ 2cos (A;BJcos (A;BJ =I [·.- cos A+cos B = 2cos( ; BJcos( A;BJ]

A B
⇒ 2cos(; ]cos( ; J =l [·: A+ B = ]
;
A;
⇒ 2 x � xcos( BJ = I

⇒cos (A-BJ = ✓I3

--
2

Q7.

Solution:

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sinl2° sin48 ° sin54°
. . .
= - [2sml2° sm48 ° ] sm54°
1
2
= _!_ [cos (12° -48 ° )-cos (12° + 48 ° )] sin54°
2
= _!_ [cos (-36° )-cos60° ] sin54°
2
= sm54° [cos36° - ]
1 . 1
2 2
= _!_ [sin (90 ° -36° ) cos36° ]- _!_ sin (90° -36° )
2 4
= -cos2 360 --cos360
1 1
2 4

�½[ ✓St ]'-[ �;1] [cos36° � ✓St ]

5+1+2✓5 ✓5 +l J
= _!_ [ ]-[
2 16 16 j

= 6+2
-✓5 ✓5 +l-
---
32 16
-2✓5 -2
= 6+2
-✓5- - --
32
4
32
1
8

Q8 .

Solution:

Given:
sin 2A = A sin 2B

⇒ sin2A = A
sin2B

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 sin 2A + sin 2B A+ l
⇒- - - -=
sin 2A -sin 2B A-1

⇒-�-
2sm. ( 2A +2 2B
�-�- 2 �
-
2A - 2B
J ( J
cos
A+l
- =- -
1

. 2A- 2B 2A+ 2B ,1-l

2sm (--- Jcos( J
2 2
. . . A+B A-B . . . A-B A+B
[·.· sm A+smB=2sm (- - Jcos (- - J and sm A-smB=2sm (- - Jcos(- - J]
2 2 2 2

⇒ si-n-(A-
+B)cos(A-B) ,1+ 1
---- - = --
sin(A-B)cos(A+B) ,1-1
,1,+l
⇒ tan(A+ B) cot ( A - B) =-
A-1

tan(A+B) ,1,+l
⇒- �-�=--
tan(A-B) ,1-l

Q9.

Solution:

sinA+ sin3A
cosA+cos3A

. . . A+B A-B A+B A-B

[·: sm A+smB=2sm (- - Jcos (- - J , and cosA+cosB=2cos(- - Jcos(- -J]
2 2 2 2

sin2Acos(-A)
-
cos2Acos(-A)
sin2AcosA
=- - - -
cos2AcosA

= tan 2A

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QlO.

Solution:

cos (A+ B) sin (C - D) = cos (A - B) sin (C + D)

⇒[cos A cos B -sin A sin B] [sin C cos D - cos C sin D] = [cos A cos B + sin A sin B] [sin C
cos D + cos C sin D]

Dividing both sides by cos A cos B cos C cos D:

[ cos A cosB-sinA sinB][sinC cosD-cosC sinD]

cos A cosB cosC cosD
[ cos A cosB+sin A sinB][sinC cosD+ cosC sinD]
=�- - - - - - - -
��- - - - - - - -
�
cos A cosB cosC cosD
[ cos A cos B - sin A sin B] [ sin C cos D - cos C sin �
D]
⇒� ------� - x� - - - - - -
cos A cosB cosC cosD
[ cos A cos B +sin A sin B] [sin C cosD + cos C sin D]
=�- - - - - - - -
�x�- - - - - - - �
-
cos A cosB cosC cosD
⇒ [I-tan A tanB][tanC-tanD] = [1 +tan A tanB][tanC+tanD]

⇒ tanC-tanD-tanA tanB tanC+tan A tanB tanD = tanC+tanD+tan A tanB tanC+tan A tanB tan
⇒ -tanD-tanD = tan A tanB tanC+tan A tanB tanC

⇒ -2tanD = 2tanAtanBtanC

⇒ tan A tanBtanC = -tanD

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Exercise: 8.MCQ

Page Number:8.21

Ql.

Solution:

1
(d) --
2

cos40° + cos80° + cos160° + cos 240°

40° + 80° 40° -80°
= 2 cos( ] cos( ] + cos160° - cos(180° + 60° )

BJ BJ]
2 2
A A
[ ·: cos A+ cosB = 2 cos( ; cos(
;
1
= 2 cos60° cos(-20° ) + cosl60° - -
2
1 1
= 2 X - COS 20° + COS 160° - -
2 2
1
= -cos(l80- 20) 0 + cosl60° - -
2
1
2

Q2.

Solution:

(b) _!_
2

sin163 ° cos347 ° + sin73 ° sin167 °

= sin(180° -17 ° ) cos( 360° -13 ° ) + sin( 90° -17 ° ) sin(180° -13 ° )
= sin17 ° cos13 ° + cos17 ° sin13 °
= sin(17 ° + 13 ° ) [sin ( A + B) = sin A cosB + sin B cos A]
= sin30°
1
2

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Q3.

Solution:

(b) �
8
Given:
. . � 1 "
sm 28 + sm 2"' = - .....(1)
2
and
cos 20 + cos 2<1> = I2 ..... (ii)
Squaring and adding (i) and (ii), we get:
(sin 28 + sin 2cp )2 + (cos 28 + cos 2cp )2 = _!_ + 2-
4 4

⇒[ 2sin (
20 l 20 2
; q, )cos( ; q,) J + [ Zcos(
20 l 20 2
; q, )cos( ; q,) J ��
⇒ 4sin 2 ( 0 + <p) cos 2 ( 0 - <p) + 4cos 2 ( 0 + <p) cos 2 ( 0 - <p) = �

⇒
2
2 2
4cos2 ( 0 - <p) [sin ( 0 + <p) + cos ( 0 + <p)] = %

⇒ 4cos2 (0-<p)=�

⇒
2
cos 2 ( 0 - <p) = �
8

Q4

Solution:

(a) 0

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cos52 ° + cos68 ° + cos172 °
52 °+68 ° 52 ° -68 ° A A; B
=2cos( ]cos( ]+cosl72 [·.- cosA+ cosB =2cos( ; B]cos(
°
J]
2 2
=2cos60 °cos(-8 ° )+cos172 °
1
=2 X -COS 8 °+COS 172 °
2
=cos8 °+cos172 °
8 °+172 ° 8 ° -172 °
=2cos(- - -cos ] ( ]
2 2
=2cos90 °cos82 °
=0

Q5.

Solution:

(d) None of these

sin78 ° - sin66 ° - sin42 ° + sin60 °

=sin78 ° - sin42 ° - sin66 ° + sin60 °
. 78 ° -42 ° 78 °+42 . 0 . 0 .. ,., . . A -B A+B
=2 sm ( ]cos( ] - sm 66 + sm 60 [·.· sznn -sznB =2 sm ( - - Jcos( - -J]
2 2 2 2
=2 sin18 ° cos60 ° - sin66 ° + sin60 °
3
=2x_!_sinl8 ° - sin66 ° + ✓
2 2
3
=sinl8 ° -sin66 °+ ✓
2
5 3
-l
= ✓ -0.914+ ✓
4 2
=0.309-0.914+0.866
=0.26 1

Q6 .

Solution:

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 b
(b) --
a

Given:
sin a+ sin�= a..... (i)
cos a- cos �= b..... (ii)

Dividing (i) by (ii):

sin a+ sin
B = a
⇒-cosa-cos
--- -
B b

2sin( �]cos(�J
a
⇒ . a+/J . a-/J
=

-2sm( - -Jsm( - - J
b
2 2
. . . + - . + . -
(A B (A B d (A B (A B
[·: smA+smB 2sm -2-Jcos -2- J an cosA+cosB -2sm -2-J sm -2-J]
= =

sin( �]cos(�J
a
⇒ . a+/J . a-/J
=
,;
-sm( - -Jsm( - -J
2 2
a-JJ = a
⇒ cot ( - - J -,;
2

Q7.

Solution:

(a) 0

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cos35° + cos85° + cosl55°
35° + 85° 35° - 85° A B A B
= 2cos( ] cos ( ] + cosl55° [· .- cosA+cosB=2cos( ; Jcos( ; J]
2 2
= 2cos 60° cos(-25° ) + cosl55°
1
= 2x-cos25° + cosl55°
2
= cos25° + cos155°
25° +155° 25° -155°
= 2cos-
( - -
- ] cos ( ]
2 2
= 2cos 90 ° cos 65°
=0

Q8 .

Solution:

(b) O

sin50° - sin70° + sin10°

. 50° -70° 50° +70 ° . . . A- B A+B
= 2sm-( - - ] cos ( ] + sinl0 [ ·: smA-smB=2sm (-2-Jcos(-2-J]
°
2 2
=2sin(-10 ° ) cos 60 ° + sin10 °
1 . .
= 2x-sm (-10° ) + sml0°
2
= -sin10° +sin10°
=0

Q9.

Solution:

(d) cos7°

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sin47° +sin61° -sin11 ° -sin25°
= sin47° -sin25° +sin61° -sinll0
. 47 °-25° 47 ° +25 ° . 61°-11° 61° +11°
= 2sm -
( - - ]cos (- - -J +2sm (- - - ]cos ( J
2 2 2 2
= 2sinll0cos36° +2sin25°cos36°
= 2cos36° (sin11 ° +sin25 ° )
. 11° +25 ° 11° -25°
= 2cos360 {2sm (- - - Jcos ( ]}
2 2
= 4cos36° sin18 °cos7 °

�4

5-1
X [ ✓5 4-] ][ ✓St ] COS 7o

=- -cos7°

=cos7 °

QlO.

Solution:

(c) m + l
m-l

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Given:
cosA=mcosB

⇒ cosA
- - =-
m
cosB I
⇒ -cosA+cosB
--- -=
m+l
cos A -cosB m-I

2cos ¥]cos T
⇒ . ( B+A . ( J m+l
B-A
=
-2sm - - sm - -
m-l
( 2 J ( 2 J
A-B A+B . A+B B-A
[
·:
cosA+cosB = 2cos - - cos - - and cosA-cosB = 2sm - - cos - - ]
( 2 J ( 2 J ( 2 J ( 2 J

cos T cos T
J (
⇒ . ( J m+l
A+B . B-A
=
sm - - sm - -
m-l
( 2 J ( 2 J

⇒ cot (-A+B-Jcot (-B-A-J = -m+l-

2 2 m-l

Q11.

Solution:

(b) cot B

Since A,B and C are in AP,

B-A=C-B
or,2B=A+C

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sinA-sin C
cos C -cosA

. . . A-B A +B . A +B A-B
[ ·: smA-smB=2sm( -2- Jcos( -2- J and cosA-cosB=-2sm( -2- Jcos( -2- J]

A C A C
sin( ; Jcos( ; J
= ��-�
- �
- �
-
. A+ C . C -A
-sm( - - Jsm( - - J
2 2
A A C
sin( ; Jcos( ; J
C

= �
- -
� �
- -�
. A+ C . A- C
Sill( -- J Sill( -- J
2 2

cosB
sinB
=cotB

Q12.

Solution:

(b)HP

Given:
sin (B+ C- A), sin (C+ A- B) and sin (A+ B- C) are in AP.

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⇒ sin(C+A-B) - sin(B+C-A) = sin(A+B-C) - sin(C+A-B)

⇒ 2s.m (--------
C+A-B-B-C+A
J cos(
C+A-B+B+C-A
J
2 2
. A+B-C-C-A+B A+B-C+C+A-B
= 2 Sln (--------J COS ( J
2 2

⇒ sin(A-B) cosC = sin(B-C) cosA

⇒ sinA cosB cosC - cosA sinB cosC = sinB cosC cosA - cosB sinC cosA

⇒ 2sinB cosA cosC = sinA cosB cosC + cosA cosB sinC

Div id ing both sides by cos A cosBcosC:

2tanB = tanA+tanC

2 I I
⇒ --=--+--
cotB cotA cotC

Hence, cotA, cotB and cotC are in HP.

Q13.

Solution:

We have,
sin x + siny = ✓3 (cosy - cos x)

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⇒ 2sin( x � Y J cos( x; Y J ✓3
=2 J
sin( x � Y sin( x; Y J
⇒ 2sin( x � Y J cos( x; Y J- ✓3
2 sin( x � Y }in( x; Y = o J
⇒ 2sin( x � Y J[ cos( x; Y J- ✓3 sin x; Y] = O

- y ;r
⇒ x=-y or-x - =-
' 2 6

⇒ x=-y or, x- y=
7r

3
Case-I
When x = -y
In this case,
sin3x+ sin3y = sin(-3y) + sin3y = -sin3y+ sin3y = 0
Case-II
7r
when x- y = -
3
or, 3x = 1r+3y
So, sin3x+sin3y = sin( ;r + 3y) + sin3y
= -sin 3 y + sin 3 y
=0

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