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LPG Storage Tank
LPG Storage Tank
Tank Volume
The first step for sizing the equipment is calculating the tank volume. The
calculation will be done based on the input specified in storage tank. For one day,
the olefin that will produced is 47,510 kg. If the storage tank can hold sulfuric
acid for 1 day, then the mass of sulfuric acid that is stored in the storage tank is
47,510 kg. By knowing the mass flow rate of sulfuric acid, we can calculate the
volumetric flow rate for storage tank.
m 566,600 kg
V= = =991.7 m3
ρ kg
571.3 3
m
By considering the safety factor of storage tank which is 10% of the total
volume, it means that the storage tank capacity (working volume) cannot exceed
90% of the total volume. Therefore, the total volume is:
991.7 m3
V= =1,101.9 m3
0,9
Based on the rule of thumb of cylindrical storage tank, the ratio of height
and diameter of the tank is 2:1, therefore H cylinder = 2D, and the cylinder volume
formula can be modified into:
1
V cylinder = π 2 D 3
4
The tank total volume is the sum of cylinder volume and ellipsoidal head
volume. The volume of ellipsoidal head is:
1
V h ellipsoidal = π D2 x H h
4
According to Walas (1990), the ratio between head height and diameter is
1:6, therefore Hh = 1/6 D, and the ellipsoidal head volume formula can be
modified into:
1 1 1
V h ellipsoidal = π D2 x D= π D3
4 6 24
13 π
=8.8 m ≈ 350∈¿
Based on the previous rule of thumb, the tank height can be obtained from
diameter, and it is calculated below:
H cylinder =2 x 8.8 m=17.6 m
1
H h= x 8.8 m=1.46 m
6
Design Pressure
Design pressure is needed to decide what type of tank that is going to be
used. Design pressure is affected by height of fluid, density of fluid and gravity, as
mentioned in the equation below:
volume of liquid 991.7 m
Height of fluid = x height of tank = x 19.06 m=17.15 m
tank volume 1,101.9 m
kg
Ph=571.3 3
x 9.81 x 17.15 m=96,116.4 Pa=0. 96 atm
m
Total Pressure
Total pressure is needed to decide what type of tank that is going to be
used. Total pressure is the sum of design pressure with operating condition
pressure.
Poperation =3 atm
Where:
t = Material thickness
P= Pressure gauge
R = Shell radius
Di = Shell inner diameter
[ ( )]
2
1 D
K = ellipsoidal formula factor = 2+
6 2h
1
60.3 psi∗350∈¿ ¿
6
t h =¿
¿ 2.7∈≈ 68 mm