Faculty Name - Prof.

Satya Prakash
Program – B.Tech IV & DIT IV (MIN)
Batch – 2018-22 & 2018-21
Course – Mine Environment

Numericals on Mine Ventilation

Contents:
1) Introduction
2) Calculation of N.V.P.
3) Motive Column
4) Laws of Mine Air Friction
5) Atkinson’s Equation
6) Resistance of a System of Roadways
7) Fan Calculation
8) Exercises
Introduction

• In this lecture some important formulas of

Mine Ventilation have been derived and based
on these formulas some numericals have been
solved.
• We have gone into the basic formulas and its
application to make the subject more clear.
• We have covered more than half of the
numerical types and the rest will be covered in
next PPT.
 Calculation of NVP from air density
Natural ventilation pressure (NVP) in a mine is
the difference in pressure of air columns in
the downcast and upcast shafts.
i.e. NVP = P₁- P₂
= D.ρd.g – D.ρᵤ.g Pascal
= D.g (ρd – ρᵤ) Pascal
where D = depth of d.c. Shaft (m)
g = acceleration due to gravity m/s²
ρd = mean density of air in d.c.
shaft in kg/m³
ρᵤ = mean density of air in u.c.
shaft in kg/m³
• Density of air changes with temperatures. If
the average temperature (K) in the d.c. and
u.c. shafts are Td and Tᵤ respectively ,
Density of air in d.c. Shaft ρd = Bd x 10³ kg/m³
287.1 Td
Density of air in d.c. Shaft ρᵤ = Bᵤ x 10³ kg/m³
287.1 Tᵤ
Where Bd and Bᵤ are mean barometric
pressures in kpa in d.c. and u.c. shafts
respectively.
For mine shafts Bd = Bᵤ = B
Hence,
NVP = D.g B B Kilo Pascal
287.1Td 287.1Tᵤ
= gDB Tᵤ - Td Kilo Pascal
287.1 Tᵤ.Td
Que. A mine is ventilated by two shafts 500m deep. The
barometer at the pit-top reads 99.22 kpa and at the pit-
bottom 103.2 kpa. Average temperature of air in the d.c.
shaft is 35°C and average temperature of air in the u.c.
shaft is 39°C. Calculate natural ventilating pressure (NVP)
in the mine.
 Motive Column
• The pressure due to natural ventilation may
be expressed in metres of air column or
motive column.
• It is the height of an imaginary column of air
one square metre in section that produces a
pressure equal to the difference of pressures
between the bottoms of d.c. and u.c. shafts.
• Motive Column h = NVP/ρd.g ------- (1)
Where NVP is in pascal, ρd is in kg/m³ and g in
m/s².
 Substituting the value of NVP and ρd in the
above equation 1 we get,
h =(Tᵤ- Td)xD
Tᵤ
Que. Air temperature in d.c. and u.c. shafts
465m deep is 30°C and 37°C respectively.
Calculate the height of motive column.
Que. Mean air temperature of a 450m deep
downcast shaft is 29°C and that of the upcast
shaft is 37°C. The height of the motive column
in m is. [GATE 2014]
 LAWS OF MINE AIR FRICTION
Atkinson’s Equation
• P = KSV² since V = Q/A
A
P = KSQ² P = Pressure absorbed (Pa)
A³ K = Coefficient of friction, kg/m³
S = rubbing surface, m²
= Perimeter x Length
V = Velocity of air, m/s
Q = Quantity of air flowing, m³/s
• P = RQ² R = Frictional Resistance, Ns²/m⁸
 Resistances of a System of Roadways
• If R₁, R₂, R₃ are resistances in series,
Combined resistance = R₁ + R₂ + R₃
• If R₁, R₂, R₃ are resistances in parallel, and R
their combined resistance,
1/√R = 1/√R₁ + 1/√R₂ + 1/√R₃
R = R₁R₂R₃
( √R₁+√R₂+√R₃
Que. A mine roadway has a resistance of 0.4
weisbach.What would be the resistance if a
similar roadway is connected in parallel?
• Fan Laws
1) Quantity of air delivered varies directly as the
fan speed
i.e. Q ∝ N
2) Pressure produced or w-g developed varies
as the square of fan speed.
i.e. P ∝ N² ∝ Q²
3) Power required to drive the fan varies as
cube of the fan speed.
i.e. Power ∝ N³ ∝ Q³
• Air Power = P.Q/10³ kW ( P in Pascal, Q in
m³/s)
• Eqivalent Orifice A = 1.19/√R
Where A is in m², Q is in m³/s, R is in Ns²/m⁸
Exercises:
Que. A centrifugal fan rotating at 500 rpm delivers
70 m³/s of air. If the speed is reduced to 200 rpm,
the quantity of air delivered in m³/s will be.
Que. A mine fan delivers 50 m³/s of air at a fan drift
of 10 mm of w-g. It is proposed to increase the
quantity to 60 m³/s of air, the required w-g shall
be.
Que. Calculate the pressure required in kPa to
circulate 2400m³/min of air through a 600m long
drift 4 x 2.5m in cross section.Assume
K=0.0098Ns²/m⁴
Thank you