Research Design

Research design can be described as the framework or outline that is chosen by any researcher

for the purpose of investigating in any topic. It is a strategy any researcher chooses so as to

incorporate the various components of the study in intelligible and logical way. Research design

collectively identify the research problem, organizes the outline of collection, measurement and

finally analysis of data.

Qualitative Research Design

Qualitative research design is a method of doing research which is widely used by many

researchers and scientists in order to study the human behavior, opinion of human, themes and

motivations[ CITATION Ast13 \l 1033 ]. It helps in revealing the perception of any target group of

people taking the reference of any topic.

Quantitative Research Design

Such type of research design could be either descriptive or experimental. For example: if any

organization want to know the level of customer satisfaction then a survey templet can be used

for the research. It means that the research is done by gathering the data and performing

mathematical or statistical tools and techniques for analysis. The primary as well as secondary

data can be collected.

Case’s research design

The case deals with the emotional response of the customer. In such circumstance, qualitative

research design is more appropriate in comparison to quantitative research design. The main

objective and aim of the research to be done is identifying, forecasting and describing about the

proper process that is used in research survey. Response from all the customers should be noted
to do the research because all the customers perception differs from each other. To perform this

task personal interview or one to one interview should be taken to know their personal views.

Qualitative research is considered as one of the systematic and methodological scientific analysis

which pursues in building all-inclusive, largely narrative, description so as to update any

researcher’s understanding concerning the social or cultural phenomenon[ CITATION Ast13 \l

1033 ]. Such type of research takes place under the combination of personal interview,

observation as well as review of documents. This type of research provides proactive attitude in

researching where researcher will get opportunity to direct contact with individual and have one

to one communication and know their personal view.

For example: if any departmental store realizes that they are losing the customers. If owner of

that store want know the reason behind not visiting, then they have to do the survey among the

current as well as existing customers to know the reason behind not visiting the store. Hence,

personal survey or interview will be conduct to know the final result. Researcher will find the

result on the basis of communicating them personally.

Personal Interview and Telephonic Interview

Personal interview refers to face to face (direct) conversation between interviewer and

respondent. It is one to one talk between these two parties[ CITATION Mar19 \l 1033 ]. Whereas,

telephonic interview as name implies refers to the interview through phone calls. The researcher

will conduct the interview using the medium as telephone. Both these have their own advantage

and disadvantages.

Advantages of Personal interview

 Proper survey can be conducted to collect the appropriate data.

 Researchers can get good response.

  Person who are unable to read and write (illiterate) can also give their views.

 In-depth information can be retrieved.

 Researcher can ask making the question on the spot (place of interview).

Disadvantage of Personal Interview

 This interview is not cost effective.

 Well trained researcher (interviewer) are necessary to conduct this research.

 It is more time consuming.

 It might lead to biasness to some extent.

 Emotional behavior can be revealed.

Advantages of Telephone Interview

 More cost effective in comparison to personal interview.

 It is less time consuming. Researcher/interviewer can send the questions to many

respondents at the same time[ CITATION Ers12 \l 1033 ].

 No biasness will occur.

Disadvantage of Telephone Interview

 No additional information can be known which leads in confusion while doing analysis.

 Anyone can fill the questionnaire.

 It is not beneficial for uneducated or illiterate because it will be difficult to understand.

 Difficult to use visual help for the support of interview.

 It troubles in building rapport.

 References

Astalin, D. P. (2013). Qualitative Research Designs: A Conceptual Framework. International

Journal of Social Science & Interdisciplinary Research, 2(1), 118-124. Retrieved from

https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/baa7/c8f5577b0b1798b5e9f559f5cbae32bf1a36.pdf

Erskine, E. S. (2012). Interviewing by Telephone: Specific Considerations, Opportunities, and

Challenges. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 11(4), 428-438.

doi:10.1177/160940691201100409

Marshall, S. (2019, June 21). Telephone vs. In-Person Interviews: Advantages and

Disadvantages. Retrieved from https://www.recruiter.com/i/telephone-vs-in-person-

interviews-advantages-and-disadvantages/