TRACE College

El Danda Street, Batong Malake,

Los Banos, Laguna

ADVANCE STATISTIC AND PROBABILITY

Submitted by:
Concio, Miguel Angelo O.
BS Psychology III A

Submitted to:
Sir. John Marvin S. Canaria
 PEARSON PRODUCT MOMENT CORRELATION AND COEFFICIENT

Correlation coefficients measure the strength of association between two variables. The
most common correlation coefficient, called the Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient,
measures the strength of the linear association between variables.
The sign and the absolute value of a Pearson correlation coefficient describe the direction
and the magnitude of the relationship between two variables.

 The value of a correlation coefficient ranges between -1 and 1.

 The greater the absolute value of a correlation coefficient, the stronger the linear
relationship.
 The strongest linear relationship is indicated by a correlation coefficient of -1 or 1.
 The weakest linear relationship is indicated by a correlation coefficient equal to 0.
 A positive correlation means that if one variable gets bigger, the other variable tends to
get bigger.
 A negative correlation means that if one variable gets bigger, the other variable tends to
get smaller.
 Keep in mind that the Pearson correlation coefficient only measures linear relationships.
Therefore, a correlation of 0 does not mean zero relationship between two variables;
rather, it means zero linear relationship. (It is possible for two variables to have zero
linear relationship and a strong curvilinear relationship at the same time.)
Problem number 1
Below are the data of gym client’s residency at red gloves and the weight of barbels
they can carry in pounds. Size of it here is in pounds, but this fact does not require any
changes in our computations. Test whether there is a relationship with Alpha = .05.
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT
Months Pounds x2 y 2❑ xy
5 90 25 8100 450
6 120 36 14400 720
4 80 16 6400 320
7 110 49 12100 770
8 120 64 14400 960
12 180 144 32400 2160
42 700 334 87800 5380

Step 1
H O=¿ ¿There is a significant relationship between the month of residency of the participants and
¿
their ability to carry barbell in pounds.
H a ≠ There is no significant relationship between the month of residency of the participants and
their ability to carry barbell in pounds.
Step 2
Alpha = .05
Step 3
Pearson product moment correlation and coefficient
Step 4

n ∑ XY −
∑ X∑Y
r= n
√ ¿ ¿¿
(42)(700)
6(5380)−
6
r=
( 42)2 (700)2
√[ 6 ( 334 )−
6 ][
6 ( 87800 )−
6 ]
32280−4900
r=
√ [ 1710 ][ 445133.3333 ]
27380
r=
27589.45451
r =0.9924081678 ( very high correlation)

Step 5
r tabular = 0.811
Step 6
 Since the computed
Pounds value is less the
tabular value accept
200
the alternative
180
hypothesis, accept
160
the null hypothesis.
140
120 Pounds Step 7
100
Since the r
80
computed value of
60
0.9924 is greater
40
than the r tabular
20
value of 0.811
0
reject the
3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
alternative
hypothesis accept
the null hypothesis, regardless of sign at 0.05 level of significance the research confirms
that there is no significant relationship between the month of residency of the
participants and their ability to carry barbell in pounds.
Problem number 2
Below are the data for six family members giving their age and the size of their feet. Size of
it here is in inch, but this fact does not require any changes in our computations. Test whether
there is a relationship with Alpha = .05.
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT
Age of my Family Size of their feet x2 y 2❑ xy
Member
47 9 2209 81 423
44 8 1936 64 352
24 8 576 64 192
23 8 529 64 184
22 11 484 121 242
20 9 400 81 180
180 53 6134 475 1573

Step 1
H O=¿ ¿There is a significant relationship between the age of the participants and the size of their
¿
feet.
H a ≠ There is no significant relationship between the age of the participants and the size of their
feet.
Step 2
Alpha = .05
Step 3
Pearson product moment correlation and coefficient
Step 4

n ∑ XY −
∑ X∑Y
r= n
√ ¿ ¿¿
(180)(53)
6(1573)−
6
r=
(180)2 ( 53)2
√[ 6 ( 6134 )−
6 ][
6 ( 475 )−
6 ]
9438−1590
r=
√ [ 36804−5400 ][ 2850−468.1666667 ]
7848
r=
√ 74799093.99
r =0.9074251786 (very high correlation

Step 5
r tabular = 0.811
Step 6
Since the computed value is greater than the tabular value accept the alternative
hypothesis, reject the null hypothesis.
Step 7
Since the r computed value of 0.9074 is greater than the r tabular value of 0.811 reject
the null hypothesis accept the alternative hypothesis, regardless of sign at 0.05 level of
significance the research confirms that there is no significant relationship between the
age of the participants and the size of their feet.

Problem number 3
 Below are the data for six family members giving their age and their heights in cm.
Size of it here is in inch, but this fact does not require any changes in our computations. Test
whether there is a relationship with Alpha = .05.
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT
Age of my Family Height x2 y 2❑ xy
Member
47 169 2209 28561 7943
44 166 1936 27556 7304
24 172 576 29584 4128
23 178 529 31684 4094
22 174 484 30276 3828
20 172 400 29584 3440
180 1031 6134 177245 30737

Step 1
H O=¿ ¿There is a significant relationship between the age of the participants and their height.
¿

H a ≠ There is no significant relationship between the age of the participants and their height.
Step 2
Alpha = .05
Step 3
Pearson product moment correlation and coefficient
Step 4

n ∑ XY −
∑ X∑Y
r= n
√ ¿ ¿¿
(180)(1031)
6 (30737)−
6
r=
(180)2 (1031)2
√[ 6 ( 6134 )−
6 ][
6 (177245 )−
6 ]
184422−30930
r=
√ [ 31404 ][−174310.1667 ]
7848
r=
−73983.73175
r =−0.1060772742 ( very low correlation)

Step 5
r tabular = 0.811
Step 6
Since the computed value is less the tabular value reject the alternative hypothesis,
accept the null hypothesis.
Step 7
Since the r computed value of 0.10608 is less than the r tabular value of 0.811 reject the
alternative hypothesis accept the null hypothesis, regardless of sign at 0.05 level of
significance the research confirms that there is no significant relationship between the
age of the participants and their height.

Problem number 4
Below are the data for six family members giving their age and their weight in kg. Size
of it here is in kg, but this fact does not require any changes in our computations. Test whether
there is a relationship with Alpha = .05.
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT
Age of my Family Height x2 y 2❑ xy
Member
47 84 2209 7056 3948
 44 74 1936 5476 3256
24 72 576 5184 1728
23 70 529 4900 1610
22 91 484 8281 2002
20 67 400 4489 1340
180 458 6134 35386 13884

Step 1
H O=¿ ¿There is a significant relationship between the age of the participants and their weight.
¿

H a ≠ There is no significant relationship between the age of the participants and their weight.
Step 2
Alpha = .05
Step 3
Pearson product moment correlation and coefficient
Step 4

n ∑ XY −
∑ X∑Y
r= n
√ ¿ ¿¿
(180)( 458)
6 (13884)−
6
r=
(180)2 ( 458)2
√[ 6 ( 6134 )−
6 ][
6 (3536 )−
6 ]
83304−13740
r=
√ [ 31404 ][ 13744.66667 ]
69564
r=
20775.88776
r =−0.1060772742 (very low correlation)

Step 5
r tabular = 0.811
Step 6
Since the computed value is less the tabular value reject the alternative hypothesis,
accept the null hypothesis.
Step 7
Since the r computed value of 0.10608 is less than the r tabular value of 0.811 reject the
alternative hypothesis accept the null hypothesis, regardless of sign at 0.05 level of
significance the research confirms that there is no significant relationship between the
age of the participants and their height.
 100
90
80
70
60
50
weight
40
30
20
10
0
15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50

Problem number 5
My younger brother is a good student, but at times she doesn’t get enough sleep. he
hypothesizes that when she gets more sleep she does better on tests. To test his hypothesis,
we tracked how he did on a number of tests, based on how many hours of sleep he got on the
night previous if there is relationship between the two using alpha = .05.
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT
Hours of sleep (x) Test Score (y) x2 y 2❑ xy
8 81 64 6561 648
8 92 64 8464 736
6 74 36 5476 444
5 69 25 4761 345
7 73 49 5329 511
6 73 36 5329 438
X=40 Y=462 2 2
∑ x =¿ ¿274 ∑ y =¿ ¿35920 ∑ xy =¿3122
Step 1
H O=¿ ¿There is a significant relationship between number of sleep and number of test score of
¿
the participant.
H a ≠ There is no significant relationship between number of sleep and number of test score of
the participant.
Step 2
Alpha = .05
Step 3
Pearson product moment correlation and coefficient
Step 4

n ∑ XY −
∑ X∑Y
r= n
√ ¿ ¿¿
(40)( 462)
6(3122)−
6
r=
(40)2 (462)2
√[ 6 ( 274 )−
6 ][
6 ( 35920 )−
6 ]
6 (3122)−3080
r=
√ [ 1644−266.6666667 ][ 215520−35574 ]
15652
r=
√ 24712583.94
r =3.148551204 (

Step 5
r tabular = 0.811
Step 6
Since the computed value is greater than the tabular value accept the alternative
hypothesis, reject the null hypothesis.
Step 7
Since the r computed value of 3. 1485 is greater than the r tabular value of 0.811 reject
the null hypothesis accept the alternative hypothesis, regardless of sign at 0.05 level of
significance the research confirms that there is no significant relationship between
number of sleep and number of test score of the participant.