Tunku Abdul Rahman University College

Faculty of Engineering and Technology

BGMC1173 Statics
Assignment 1

Name : Lim Shan Pin

I.D. : 19WGR06115
Programme : RME1
Group :1

Total Grand Score:

Question 1 : CO2 (PO1)

Score:

Question 2 : CO2 (PO1)

Score:
Question 1
Derive an expression for the total extension of the tapered bar of circular cross section shown
in Figure Q1 when it is subjected to an axial tensile load W.

L0 L

A d W
W r

x
dx

Figure Q1
As we know,

Stress  = force / area Strain  = stress / Young’s modulus Elongation  L. = L
= W/A = / E

By using those 3 formulae, we can obtain

δL=EL
σ
= E
×L

W L
= ×
A E
WL
= AE

Where A is the cross-sectional area of one of the section of the object

E is the Young’s modulus of the object
L is the original length of the object
W is the force applied to the object
The chosen section for this case is dx which labelled in the diagram.
In order to compute the area at a chosen section, we must first determine its diameter.
By using similar triangles formula, we have:

D−d 2 r−d
=
L x−Lo
( D−d ) ( x−Lo )
d+ =2 r
L
( D−d ) ( x−L o )
d dx =2 r=d+
L

D−d
Let k = L

∴ d dx =d +k (x− Lo)

Where d dx is diameter at the section dx

Hence, the cross-sectional area at the section dx will be:

π
Adx = ( d dx )2
4
π
¿ [d +k (x −Lo)]2
4

After obtained the area, we will calculate the change in length over a length dx first by
substituting all the required information.

δL dx = |WL
AE | dx

W × dx
¿
π
[d+ k ( x−Lo ) ]2 × E
4
Change in length over a length L is
(L+L o)
W
δL= ∫ dx
π 2
Lo
[d +k ( x−Lo ) ] × E
4
( L+ Lo )
4W 1
¿ ∫ dx
πE Lo [d +k ( x−Lo ) ] 2

Let t=d +k ( x−Lo )

If differentiate t with respect to x,
t=d +kx −k Lo
dt
=k
dx
dt
dx=
k

a
4W 1 dt
∴ δL= ∫ [ 2 ¿ × ]¿
πE b t k
a
4W 1
¿ ∫ 2
dt
πE b t k
a
4W 1
¿ ∫ dt
πEk b t 2
a
4 W t −1
¿
πEk −1 [ ] b
a
4W 1
¿−
πEk t [] b

By substituting back t ,
L+L o
−4 W 1
δL=
[
πEk d +k ( x−Lo) ] Lo

4W 1 1
¿−
[ −
πEk d +k (L+ Lo−Lo ) d + k ( Lo−Lo ) ]
4W 1 1
¿− [ −
πEk d +kL d ]
 By substituting back k ,
−4 W 1 1
δL=
πE (
D−d
L [
) d +(
D−d
L
)L
−
d
]
4 WL 1 1
¿− [ ]
−
πE( D−d ) D d
4 WL d−D
)[ ]
¿−
πE ( D−d Dd
4 WL
)[ ]
−(D−d)
¿−
πE ( D−d Dd
4 WL −1
¿− [ ]
πE Dd

4 WL
δL ¿
πEDd

∴ An expression for the total extension of the tapered bar of circular cross section shown in
4 WL
Figure Q1 when it is subjected to an axial tensile load W is δL ¿ πEDd
Question 2

Wire
B

Pulley
1m

D
A C

4m 6m
2m
2m

Let D = point between A and C shown in the figure

i) Calculate the angles that the rope sections AB and BC make with the horizontal. ∠
1
tan∠ BAD=
4
−1 1
∠ BAD=tan
4
¿ 14.04 °

1
tan∠ B C D=
6
1
∠ BC D=tan−1
6
¿ 9.46 °
ii) What is the tension in the rope section BC?
Let T wire=T 1
T AB=T 2
T BC =T 3

T2

α T1
β

γ
T3

Let α , βand γ be the following angles

By using answer from section i, we can compute the values of those angles

α =14.04 ° +9.46 °
¿ 23.5 °
β=90 ° −14.04 °
¿ 75.96 °
γ =90° −9.46 °
¿ 80.54 °

We also know that T AB is 400N

Therefore,

400N

75.96 °

23.5 ° T1
β
 80.54 °
T3
T BC =T 3
By using sine rule,

T3 400
=
sin 75.96 sin 80.54
T 3 = 393.4N
T BC = 393.4N

iii) Draw a diagram showing the forces acting on the pulley.

T1

Wire
B

Pulley
400N 393.4N

A C