WOMEN-PRINCIPAL EMPOWERMENT AND THE INDIVIDUAL PERFORMANCE

COMMITMENT OF THEIR TEACHERS

MARY ROSE LAQUIAN-VALENZUELA

A Master’s Thesis presented to

The Faculty of the School of Graduate Studies
La Consolacion College Bacolod

In partial fulfillment of the requirements of the degree

Master of Arts in Educational Leadership and Management
2019-2020

April 2020
WOMEN ENPOWERMENT AND IPCR OF TEACHERS i

Approval Certificate

This Master’s Thesis entitled WOMEN-PRINCIPAL EMPOWERMENT AND THE

INDIVIDUAL PERFORMANCE COMMITMENT OF THEIR TEACHERS , prepared and

submitted by Mary Rose Laquian-Valenzuela in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the

degree Master of Arts in Educational Leadership and Management is hereby accepted and

approved for Oral Examination.

Walter Peter T. Arcenas, PhD

Adviser

Panel of Examiners
Approved by the committee for Oral Examination with a rating of Passed on June 24, 2020.

Randdie P. Cuelo, EdD Ma. Mercedes A. Joson, PhD

Chairman External Evaluator

Accepted as partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in

Educational Leadership and Management.

Passed the Comprehensive Examination on November 19 and 26, 2019.

Melona Q. Guitche , PhD Sr. Ma. Gerolinda C. Tingson, OSA, EdD

Program Coordinator – MAEd/MAELM Dean – School of Graduate

La Consolacion College Bacolod

WOMEN ENPOWERMENT AND IPCR OF TEACHERS ii

Mary Rose Laquian-Valenzuela

maryrose.valenzuela@deped.gov.ph
La Consolacion College – Bacolod
Bacolod City, Philippines

Abstract

Globally, women have been known to suffer from wrong tradition, cultural malpractices, and
domestic violence; but over the years, many of them have risen up and gained empowerment,
becoming instrumental in the attainment of progress of their country. In the Philippines, so
many school heads or principals in Philippine schools nowadays are women, who are
empowered enough to inspire and motivate the teachers under their supervision. The researcher
aimed to determine the extent of women–principals’ empowerment as assessed by their teachers
grouped according to age, civil status, academic qualifications, and length of service, to ascertain
the teachers’ performance commitment, and to see if the two variables are related. Data were
gathered by means of a self-made questionnaire, which was subjected to validity and reliability
tests before it was administered to a sample size of 321 teachers supervised by 34 women-
principals in the seven districts of the Division of Bacolod City. Findings of the study revealed
that there is very high extent of women-principal empowerment, except in Morality, and equally
very high performance commitment of teachers without having any significant difference in most
of the variables mentioned. It was also established that empowerment of the principals does not
have any significant impact on the performance commitment of the teachers. Among those
recommended is for the office of the Division Superintendent pursue specific programs and
activities that would contribute to the growth and formation of all the principals – particularly in
the aspect of Morality. This way, these school heads can be role models in exhibiting moral
ascendancy and inspire the same of their teacher-subordinates. Principals and teachers, being
educators, need to continuously learn and engage in retooling to remain relevant as the world is
evolving so fast. Updating and upgrading themselves on the most recent online platforms and
adapting to the current challenges on the job are a necessity.

Keywords: Empowerment, women empowerment, performance commitment

La Consolacion College Bacolod

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Dedication

I dedicate this thesis paper to God Almighty, my creator, my strong pillar, my source of

inspiration, wisdom, knowledge, and understanding. He has been the source of my strength

throughout this program and on His wings only have I soared. I also dedicate this work to my

husband, Jose Carlo Valenzuela, who has encouraged me all the way and whose love and support

have made sure that I give it all it takes to finish that which I have started. To my children,

Jasmine and JC, who have been affected in every way possible by this quest, thank you. My

love for you all can never be quantified. I am grateful, too, to my parents-in-law, Mama Gamay

and Papa Erning, who were very supportive and who were always motivating me to complete

this endeavour; my family, friends, and to the individuals, who passionately enjoy the teaching

profession in the academe; and also to my students and future students who give me a sense of

purpose and direction in life, to give them the best possible education and shepherd them to the

right path.

Mary Rose Laquian-Valenzuela, LPT

La Consolacion College Bacolod

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Acknowledgements

Developing this research paper is not conceivable without the support and involvement of

many hearts. It is with great honor to acknowledge and pay deep gratitude to the following

people:

Dr. Walter Peter T. Arcenas, her research adviser, for his advice and guidance. The

researcher would like to thank him for the patience and generosity of giving all the ideas that she

need to complete her paper.

Sr. Ma. Gerolinda C. Tingson, OSA, EdD, Dean of the School of Graduate Studies, for

her prayers, support, and constant motivation.

Dr. Ma. Carmen C. Menes, her Data Analyst, for her precious time and expertise in the

computation of statistical data.

Dr. Ma. Mercedes A. Joson, and Dr. Randdie P. Cuelo, her panelists, for a thorough and

wide array of suggestions while examining her study, remarkable comments and suggestions and

recommendations that enabled her to further enhance and improve her work.

Mrs. Gladys Amylaine D. Sales, OIC School Division Superintendent of Bacolod City,

for allowing the researcher to conduct her study.

The researcher also extends her heartfelt thanks to all Women- Principals of the Division

of Bacolod City for permitting her to conduct her study and to all teachers who took part in

answering her questionnaires.

La Consolacion College Bacolod

WOMEN ENPOWERMENT AND IPCR OF TEACHERS v

Words may not be enough to thank her ever -supportive principal Mrs. Asther Jean P.

Saril whose support and words of wisdom have been extended endlessly.

To her Sum-ag E/S colleagues, you are all part of her success.

Ms. Zilla Javier for extending her time and effort as her proof-reader and grammarian.

Her family for the support, inspiration, financial assistance, and motivation towards the

accomplishment of this study.

Her friends, who have been constant sources of motivation and for helping her to

accomplish this study in every single way.

Above all, to the Great Almighty Father God, the source of knowledge and wisdom and

guidance.

And to everyone who has offered her encouragement, constructive criticism, and quality

time during the completion of this study.

Her heartfelt thanks to all of you!

La Consolacion College Bacolod

WOMEN ENPOWERMENT AND IPCR OF TEACHERS vi

Table of Contents

Title Page

Approval Certificate

Abstract ii

Dedication iii

Acknowledgement iv

Table of Contents vi

List of Figures and Tables viii

List of Appendices x

Chapter 1. Introduction 1

Statement of the Problem 3

Hypotheses 4

Framework 5

Significance 9

Scope and Limitation 9

Definition of Terms 10

Chapter 2. Methodology 13

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Research Design 13

Research Locale 13

Respondents 14

Research Instrument 15

Validity and Reliability 16

Data-gathering Procedures 17

Statistical Treatment 17

Chapter 3. Results and Discussion 19

Chapter 4. Findings, Conclusions and Recommendations 44

Summary of Findings 44

Conclusions 45

Recommendations 46

Chapter 5. Enhancement Program 48

References 56

Appendices 59

Curriculum Vitae 77

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List of Figures and Tables

Figures

1 Schematic Diagram 8

Tables

1 Respondents of the study 14

2 Extent of Women-Principal Empowerment as assessed by their 19

Teachers when respondents are grouped according to age

3 Extent of Women-Principal Empowerment as assessed by their 21

Teachers when respondents are grouped according to civil status

4 Extent of Women-Principal Empowerment as assessed by their 23

Teachers when respondents are grouped according
to academic qualification

5 Extent of Women-Principal Empowerment as assessed by their 25

Teachers when respondents are grouped according
Length of service

6 Extent of Women-Principal Empowerment as assessed by their 26

Teachers when respondents and all indicators are taken
Altogether

7 Level of Performance Commitment of teachers when grouped 28

And compared according to the variables used in the study

8 Comparative statistics in the extent of women-principal empowerment 29

when respondents are grouped and compared according to age

9 Comparative statistics in the extent of women-principal empowerment 30

when respondents are grouped and compared according to civil status

10 Comparative statistics in the extent of women-principal empowerment 31

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when respondents are grouped and compared according to

Academic qualifications

11 Comparative statistics in the extent of women-principal empowerment 32

when respondents are grouped and compared according to
Length of service

12 Comparative statistics in the performance commitment of teachers 33

grouped and compared according to age

13 Comparative statistics in the performance commitment of teachers 35

grouped and compared according to civil status

14 Comparative statistics in the performance commitment of teachers 36

grouped and compared according to academic qualifications

15 Comparative statistics in the performance commitment of teachers 37

grouped and compared according to length of service

16 Relational statistics between women principal empowerment 38

And level of Performance commitment of teachers

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List of Appendices

Appendix

A Test questionnaires on Women Empowerment of Principals

B Validity Result
C Reliability Result
D Letter to principal for Reliability Testing
E Letter to Schools Division Superintendent of Bacolod City to
conduct study to 34 elementary public school
F Certification for Grammar Checking and Plagiarism Result

La Consolacion College Bacolod