Model Questions

*** It is necessary to explain and justify your answer

1. What is Faraday’s law of electromagnetic induction? Explain its significance. Explain
Fleming’s rule and Lenz’s law.
2. What is Biot-Savart Law and Amperes circuital law?
3. Explain the difference between permeance and permeability? What do you mean by
reluctance?
4. What is meant by linear and nonlinear, unilateral and bilateral, active and passive,
lumped and distributed elements? Give example.
5. Explain Voltage divider rule and current divider rule.
6. What is Ohms Law? What are the application and limitations of Ohm’s law?
7. What is principle node? What do you mean by loop and mesh?
8. Explain KCL and KVL. What are its application and limitation?
9. Explain Network reduction method theorems (Thevenin, Norton etc.) with example.
10. What is superposition principle of a network?
11. What do you mean by phasor? What is phase difference?
12. Explain power equations of an AC network? What is maximum power transfer theorem?
13. What do you mean by power factor? How power factor can be improved?
π
(
14. A sinusoidal voltage is expressed as v=20 sin 314.16 t + )
3
V. Find its frequency and
phase angle
15. If A= 100∠45o and B =50∠15o, find the values of A/B and A×B in polar form.
π
16. An ac voltage is mathematically expressed as v=141.42sin (157.08 t+ ¿ ) ¿ volts. Find
2
its rms value and time period
17. When a phasor is multiplied by –j , it gets rotated through ________in the
counterclockwise direction. (Fill in the blank)

18. One full cycle of an alternating voltage

waveform is given in the following figure
Its average value is__________________

19. Get the sum of the three voltages given

below at any instant
v 1=240 √ 2 sin ωt V
v 2=240 √2 sin ( ωt−120 ° ) V
v 3=240 √2 sin ¿ V
20. For the two voltage waves shown, v2 leads v1 by an angle of _________.

21. A sinusoidal current i=2 sin ωt A flows through a resistance of 10 W. How much power
is being consumed by the resistance.
22. An alternating current is given by i=i 1 sin ωt +i 2 cos ωt A . The rms current is given by
_________
23. A voltage wave is given by v ( t )=10+10 sin ωt V. Get the derivative of this wave with
respect to time. Draw the resulting wave form so obtained.
24. Two voltage waveforms are given by v 1=10 sin (ωt−30 ° ) V and v 2=10 sin (ωt−45° )
V. Draw their phasor diagram and find the phase difference between them.
25. For the circuit shown find the current through Z2.

26. For the circuit shown, ammeter A2 reads 2.4 A. What will be readings in A1 and A3 ?

27. If derivative is performed on the following triangular wave, draw the resulting wave.

28. Explain how graph theory is useful for network solutions. What do you mean by rank of a
graph? What are twigs and links of a graph?
29. What do you mean by incidence matrix? What is tie-set and cut set matrix? What are
their applications?
30. What do you mean by time dependent and time independent networks. Explain with
example.
31. What is the classical method for solving a RLC transient network? What is time constant?
32. What do you mean by complex frequency? Explain how Laplace transform is useful for
transient analysis.
33. What is Fourier transform? Explain with example. Explain how Fourier transform is
different from Laplace transform.
34. What do you mean by active and passive filters? Classify active and passive filters. What
are their applications?
35. What do you mean by mutual inductance? Explain dot convention. What is coefficient of
coupling?
36. What do you mean by resonance in series and parallel RLC circuit.
π
(
37. A sinusoidal voltage is expressed as v=20 sin 314.16 t +
3 ) V. Find its frequency and
phase angle
38. If A= 100∠45o and B =50∠15o, find the values of A/B and A×B in polar form.
π
39. An ac voltage is mathematically expressed as v=141.42sin (157.08 t+ ¿ ) ¿ volts. Find
2
its rms value and time period
40. When a phasor is multiplied by –j , it gets rotated through ________in the
counterclockwise direction. (Fill in the blank)
41. Creeping is observed in which instrument?
42. How creeping can be avoided?
43. What is accuracy, precision and drift of a measuring instrument?
44. What kind of inductance can be measured by Maxwell Inductance-capacitance bridge?
45. The use of which instrument is merely confined within laboratories as standardizing
instruments.
46. Which device of measuring instrument prevents the oscillation of the moving system and
enables the latter to reach its final position quickly.
47. Which instrument measures the total quantity of electricity delivered at a particular time.
48. A sinusoidal voltage of 1V rms value at 10 Hz is applied across the two terminals of a
PMMC type of voltmeter. What does the pointer show?
49. Which instrument measures the average value of the unknown electrical quantity?
50. A battery has a high internal resistance. Its EMF is found 1V with a potentiometer. What
is the actual EMF?
51. What is dissipation factor of a capacitor?
52. Why the secondary of a current transformer should never be open circuited?
53. State the advantages of using CT and PT over shunt and multiplier.
54. What is solar insolation and irradiance?
55. Which energy is converted to electrical energy in fuel cell?
56. What is the function of solar charge controller?
57. What is solar pond?
58. What is the power developed of solar panel if anyone cell of a series connected string of a
solar module is shaded?
59. How the impact of shading of a solar cell can be mitigated?
60. What are the classification of a solar cell based on the types of the crystal used and which
cell is the most efficient among them?
61. At which temperature efficiency of a solar cell is maximum?
62. Classify the wind turbine and mention the area of application.
63. What is residual magnetism? Which type of magnetic material mainly shows this
property?

64. 2. Which type of compound wound DC generator is used as

(a) arc welding generator
(b) lighting and power services?
( hints: consider load characteristics of compound wound generators )

65. How can we reduce eddy current loss and hysteresis loss of a transformer?

66. In which condition we can get the maximum efficiency of a transformer ?

67. Which tests of transformer are performed practically to determine: (a) Shunt branch
parameters and (b) series parameters of a transformer?

68. What is the use of Buchholz relay?

69. Which connection of transformer is used for three phase to two phase connection or vice
versa?
70. Why commutator of a DC generator cannot be made by a continuous ring of copper?
71. Which insulator is used in commutator segment of a DC generator?
72. What are the advantages of using carbon to make brushes for electrical machine? And
What are the disadvantages of carbon brushes ?
73. 11.Why transformer is rated in KVA/MVA instead of KW/MW?
74. 12.What is the colour of silica gel used in transformer in fresh and in moisture
condition ?
75. 13.What is the full form of CRGO? What is the significances of CRGO Silicon steel
sheet in making of transformer core?
76. What are the difference between power transformer and distribution transformer?
77. Which conditions must be fulfilled for successful parallel operation of two single phase
transformers?
78. What do you understand by cumulatively compound and differentially compound D C
generator/motor?
79. What is the difference between short shunt and long shunt DC compound
generator/motor?
80. DC shunt motor shows slightly drooping characteristics-Explain.
81. Which part of a DC generator is called mechanical rectifier and why it so called?
82. 20.Which type of speed control method is used for (a) operating in below normal speed
and (b) operating in above normal speed of a DC shunt motor?
83. In D C machines, the polarity of the interpole is
(a) same as that of the main pole behind for both the generators and motors.
 (b) same as that of main pole ahead for both generators and motors
(c) same as the main pole behind for generators and that of the main pole ahead for the
motors
(d) same as the main pole ahead for generators and that of the main pole behind for the
motor.

84. The armature reaction m.m.f. in a D C machine is (a)triangular in shape (b)sinusoidal in

shape (c)trapezoidal in shape (d)rectangular in shape
85. Field control of a D C shunt motor gives (a)constant KW drive (b)constant torque drive
(c)constant speed drive (d)variable speed drive
86. If the armature current of a D C shunt motor is increased keeping the field flux constant,
then the developed torque
(a) remains constant
(b) increase proportional to the armature current
(c)decrease proportional to the armature current
(d)increase proportional to the square of the armature current

87. In armature rheostat method of speed control, what is said as "stalling current"?
88. Why the open circuit test is usually carried out on Low Tension side, keeping the High
Tension side open?
89. Why the short circuit test is carried out on High Tension side keeping the Low Tension
side shorted?
90. If a transformer rated for 50 Hz is used on 45 Hz and rated voltage, which loss will be
decreased and why? Explain with mathematical formulae.
91. Full load copper loss of a transformer is 40 watt. What will be the value of half load
copper loss of the same transformer?
92. In which condition regulation of a transformer is maximum; Explain with mathematical
formulae.
93. What are the different factors to be considered while selecting the capacity of power
plant?
94. Comment on the types and ratings of the generators used in different conventional and
non-conventional power plant.
95. Define ABCD parameters of transmission line. How these are useful in analyzing the
transmission line performance?
96. How the stability of power system is being judged under the influence of small and large
disturbances?
97. How per unit system representation helps in calculating normal and fault currents flowing
the different portions of a power system during normal and fault conditions respectively?
98. Why load and line compensations are required in power system?
99. What is symmetrical fault?
100. What do you mean by symmetrical components? What is the significance of this
in the unsymmetrical fault analysis?
101. Classify unsymmetrical faults.
102. What do you mean by load flow analysis?
103. What is the importance of Y-bus matrix in load flow analysis of a transmission
line? Explain load flow equations.
104. What are the different methods of load flow analysis of transmission line?
105. What are the causes of transients in transmission line.
106. What do you mean by load frequency control?
107. Where dose CB differ from isolator?
108. Classify circuit breakers. Explain the rating of circuit breakers.
109. Explain differential protection
110. What do you mean by distance relay? Explain its application.
111. Explain how overcurrent relay works. What do you mean by back up protection?
112. What do you mean by pick up value, current setting, PSM and TMS of a
electromechanical relay.
113. What are the different relaying schemes used in power system protection?
114. a) What is meant by Control System?
b) What are the types of control system?
c)What is open loop and control loop systems?
d)What is time-invariant System?
e) What are linear and non-linear systems?
115. Define transfer function, poles and zeros of a transfer function.
116. What is an order and a type of a system?
117. What Are the Basic Components of the Feedback Control System?
118. Define transient, steady state response, delay time, rise time and peak time.
119. For a first order system find out the output of the system when the input applied to
the system is a unit ramp or step or impulse.
120. What are time domain specifications?
121. Define BIBO and asymptotic stability. State the conditions under which
asymptotic stability of a linear time -invariant system ensures BIBO stability and vice
versa.
122. Define the terms: absolute and relative stability.
123. Define marginally stable system.
124. What are the two special cases, which occur in the Rouths table? How are those
cases handled?
125. State lyapunov stability theorem.
126. What Are Test Signals and Their Significance?
127. Explain GM,PM,gain crossover frequency, phase crossover frequency.
128. Explain Nyquist stability criteria.
129. Explain polar plot.
130. Draw a comparison between power transistor, power MOSFET and IGBT in
relations to their application in power electronics.
131. What is TRIAC?
132. What are the basic properties of power diode? Mention the basic difference from
P-N junction diode. What is PIV? What is the significance of it?
133. What is the basic difference between analog electronics and power electronics?
134. ‘SCR’ is a latching device’ Explain the statement.
135. Discuss what happen if the gate is made positive with respect to cathode when
thyristor is at reverse biased condition.
136. Why RC triggering is preferred than R triggering of SCR?
137. How di/dt and dv/dt protection are achieved in SCR?
 138. How the power factor of a single phase half wave converter can be improved by
using
Freewheeling diode.
139. Describe the effect of source inductance on the DC o/p voltage of a single phase
full controlled bridge rectifier.
140. What is the difference between semi converter and full converter? Why semi
converter is single quadrate whether as full converter is two quadrate converters.
141. What is PWM inverter? What are its advantages of PWM inverter over VSI?
142. How is the working of a full bridge single phase inverter different from that of
half bridge circuit?
Explain the operation of dual converter for circulating and non-circulating mode.
143. What is chopper? Output voltage of class D chopper for T on> T/2. What is the
range of duty cycle of chopper?
144. Explain the operation of class B and class C chopper.
145. The filament of a GLS is made of what material?
146. Non-conducting materials are heated by which method?
147. During plugging in traction, the energy comes from & goes to where to where?
148. What are the differences between suburban services as compared with urban
service?
149. What is the unit of illumination?
150. In the direct resistance heating method, maximum heat transfer takes place by
which method?
151. What is ‘Stroboscopic’ effect? What is it’s harmful effect in case of rotating
machines? Also, describe how it is avoided.

152. Explain “ Free Running “; “ Coasting and Braking “ with reference to the electric
traction system.

153. Explain the operation of ‘Fluorescent tube lamp’.

154. Explain ‘Anodizing’ and it’s application.
155. What do you mean by energy management?

** This is a model question paper. Actual questions may vary from this question set.