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TP Energy Change Part2bu1
TP Energy Change Part2bu1
TP:ET
Energy Equation
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CAB 3033 Transport Phenomena (Energy)
Equation of Change
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CAB 3033 Transport Phenomena (Energy)
Equation of Change
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CAB 3033 Transport Phenomena (Energy)
Equation of Change
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CAB 3033 Transport Phenomena (Energy)
Equation of Change
Equation of Change
Term 1: Accumulation
Let do this term by term
Rate of accumulati on
ˆ 1 2
of internal and kinetic xyz rU rv
energy t 2
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CAB 3033 Transport Phenomena (Energy)
Equation of Change
Term 2: Convection
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CAB 3033 Transport Phenomena (Energy)
Equation of Change
Term 3: Conduction
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CAB 3033 Transport Phenomena (Energy)
Equation of Change
Term 4/5: Work done on the surrounding
Let recall the following basic formula
Equation of Change
Rate of work
yz pvx x - ( pvx ) x x
due to pressure force
xz ( pv y ) y - ( pv y ) y y xy ( pvz ) - ( pvz ) z z
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CAB 3033 Transport Phenomena (Energy)
Equation of Change
Rate of work
viscous forces
yz xx vx xy v y xz vz - xx v x xy v y xz v z
x x x
xz yx vx yy v y yz vz - yx vx yy v y yxz vz
y y y
xy zxvx zyv y zz vz - zxvx zyv y zzvz
z z z
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CAB 3033 Transport Phenomena (Energy)
Equation of Change
Term 5: gravity
Rate of work
on the system
due to gravity r xyz (vx g x v y g y vz g z )
force
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CAB 3033 Transport Phenomena (Energy)
Equation of Change
Putting all those terms into the shell energy balance equation, then dividing by
xyz, we get the following energy balance equation per unit volume:
ˆ 1 2
rU rv
t 2
ˆ 1 2
v x rU rv
x 2
ˆ 1 2 q x q y q z
- v y rU rv - (
) r vx g x v y g y vz g z
y 2 x y z
1
v z rUˆ rv
2
z 2
x xx x
v v xz z
v
yx v x yy v y yz v z
xy y
- pv x pv y pv z -
y
x y z
zx v x zy v y zz v z
z
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CAB 3033 Transport Phenomena (Energy)
Equation of Change
ˆ 1 2
r U v -.e r v.g
t 2
ˆ 1 2
e rv U v q pv .v
2
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CAB 3033 Transport Phenomena (Energy)
Equation of Change
But we could make use of continuity equation to obtain
another form:
D ˆ 1 2
r U v -.q rv.g - . pv - .τ.v
Dt 2
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CAB 3033 Transport Phenomena (Energy)
Equation of Change
D 1 2
r v - p.v - . pv rv.g - .τ.v : v
Dt 2
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CAB 3033 Transport Phenomena (Energy)
Equation of Change
Equation written in terms of internal energy are not directly
useful. One prefers equations written in terms of
temperature and heat capacity.
From thermodynamics and thermal energy equation will
become:
DT p
ˆ
rCv -.q - T .v - .τ.v
Dt T vˆ
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CAB 3033 Transport Phenomena (Energy)
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